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Crew Preps for Friday Spacewalk and Conducts Skin Healing Research
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Roscosmos cosmonauts (from

left) Denis Matveev and Oleg Artemyev are pictured during a spacewalk on April 18, 2022, to configure the European robotic arm.
Two cosmonauts are finalizing preparations for a spacewalk to configure the European robotic arm (ERA) for payload operations on the outside of the
International Space Station. The rest of the Expedition 67 crew is continuing to research how to heal wounds in the microgravity environment.
Roscosmos Commander Oleg Artemyev and Flight Engineer Denis Matveev have been given the go to exit the space station’s Poisk airlock on Friday at 9:20
a.m. EDT beginning a spacewalk to continue outfitting Europe’s robotic arm. The duo was joined today by Flight Engineer Sergey Korsakov for a final
procedures review and last minute Orlan spacesuit checks ahead of the planned six-hour spacewalk.
The spacewalkers will complete the tasks left unfinished during the previous spacewalk that took place on Aug. 17. The tasks Artemyev and Matveev are
scheduled to complete include relocating the ERA’s external control panel and testing the arm’s ability to grasp payloads. Korsakov will help the two
cosmonauts in and out of their spacesuits, monitor the spacewalking activities, and maneuver the ERA on Friday.
The orbiting lab’s four other astronauts spent the entire day in the Kibo laboratory module learning how to heal wounds in weightlessness. A key characteristic
of living and working in space is the accelerated aging of skin that astronauts experience. Researchers are studying those molecular processes and how they
affect the healing process potentially advancing wound treatments both in space and on Earth.
Using Kibo’s Life Science Glovebox, NASA astronauts Kjell Lindgren, Bob Hines, and Jessica Watkins, along with Samantha Cristoforetti of ESA (European
Space Agency) practiced surgical techniques including biopsies, suture splints, and wound dressing. The quartet will continue the biomedical research on
Friday helping NASA and its international partners keep astronauts safe and healthy on long-term space missions while improving health conditions on Earth.
Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station and @ISS_Research on Twitter, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS
Instagram accounts.
Get weekly video highlights at: http://jscfeatures.jsc.nasa.gov/videoupdate/
Get the latest from NASA delivered every week. Subscribe here: www.nasa.gov/subscribe
Humans in Space
Sep 1, 2022
MEDIA ADVISORY M22-124
NASA Sets TV Coverage for Russian Spacewalk
The European robotic arm (ERA) is pictured extending out from the Nauka multipurpose laboratory module during a mobility test several days after Roscosmos
cosmonauts Oleg Artemyev and Denis Matveev activated the ERA during a seven-hour and 42-minute spacewalk on April 28, 2022.
Credits: NASA
NASA will provide live coverage on Friday, Sept. 2, of a spacewalk with two Russian cosmonauts to continue outfitting the European robotic arm on the
International Space Station’s Nauka laboratory.
Coverage will begin at 9 a.m. EDT on NASA Television’s Media Channel, the NASA app, and agency’s website. The spacewalk is scheduled to begin around
9:20 a.m.
NASA also will air an Artemis I prelaunch briefing on NASA TV’s Public Channel at 9 a.m. Once the Artemis briefing concludes, spacewalk coverage will air
on both the Media and Public Channels.
Spacewalk coverage and the Artemis briefing will be available to watch online at:
https://www.nasa.gov/live
Expedition 67 Commander Oleg Artemyev and Flight Engineer Denis Matveev, both of Roscosmos, will exit the station’s space-facing Poisk module. The
primary objectives of the spacewalk are to relocate an external control panel for the arm from one operating area to another and test a rigidizing mechanism on
the arm that will be used to facilitate the grasping of payloads.
Artemyev will wear a Russian Orlan spacesuit with red stripes, while Matveev will wear a Russian Orlan suit with blue stripes. This will be the eighth
spacewalk for Artemyev and the fourth for Matveev.
Friday’s spacewalk will complete unfinished tasks from a spacewalk Aug. 17, which was cut short after Artemyev’s spacesuit showed abnormal battery
readings about 2 hours and 17 minutes into the spacewalk. Artemyev and Matveev completed the installation of a pair of cameras on the arm and removed parts
attached to the arm’s end effector before the spacewalk ended.
The European robotic arm will be used to move payloads and equipment outside the Russian segment of the station, joining the Canadian-built Canadarm2
robotic arm and the Japanese arm already supporting station maintenance, operations, and research.
-end-
Lora Bleacher
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1100
lora.v.bleacher@nasa.gov
Sandra Jones
Johnson Space Center, Houston
281-483-5111
sandra.p.jones@nasa.gov
Last Updated: Sep 1, 2022

Editor: Roxana Bardan
Tags: Expedition 67, Humans in Space, International Space Station (ISS)
Read Next Related Article
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Page Last Updated: Sep 1, 2022 NASA Official: Brian Dunbar
Commercial Space
Aug 31, 2022
NASA Awards SpaceX More Crew Flights to Space Station
NASA has awarded five additional missions to Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX) of Hawthorne, California, for crew transportation
services to the International Space Station as part of the agency’s Commercial Crew Transportation Capability (CCtCap) contract. The CCtCap modification
brings the total missions for SpaceX to 14 and allows NASA to maintain an uninterrupted U.S. capability for human access to the space station until 2030, with
two unique commercial crew industry partners.
This is a firm fixed-price, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract modification for the Crew-10, Crew-11, Crew-12, Crew-13, and Crew-14 flights. The
value of this modification for all five missions and related mission services is $1,436,438,446. The amount includes ground, launch, in-orbit, and return and
recovery operations, cargo transportation for each mission, and a lifeboat capability while docked to the International Space Station. The period of performance
runs through 2030 and brings the total CCtCap contract value with SpaceX to $4,927,306,350.
The award follows the agency issuing a notice of intent in June 2022 to purchase the additional missions. The current sole source modification does not
preclude NASA from seeking future contract modifications for additional transportation services, as needed.
In 2014, NASA awarded the CCtCap contracts to Boeing and SpaceX through a public-private partnership as part of the agency’s Commercial Crew Program.
Under CCtCap, NASA certifies that a provider’s space transportation system meets the agency’s requirements prior to flying missions with astronauts.
SpaceX was certified by NASA for crew transportation in November 2020. The company's fourth crew rotation mission for the agency, the Crew-4 mission, is
currently in orbit aboard the space station. As part of the missions, SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 rocket transport up to four astronauts, along
with critical cargo, to the space station.
For information about NASA’s Commercial Crew Program, visit:
https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/commercial/crew
-end-

Editor: Sean Potter
Tags: Commercial Crew, Commercial Space, Humans in Space, International Space Station (ISS), Kennedy Space Center
STATION TWEETS/
Tweets from @Space_Station
International Space Station
@Space_Station
·
35m
microgravity
@Space_Station
·
7h
Two cosmonauts will begin a spacewalk on Friday at 9:20am ET to continue outfitting the European robotic arm on the space station. https://nasa.gov/press-
release/nasa-sets-tv-coverage-for-russian-spacewalk
nasa.gov
NASA Sets TV Coverage for Russian Spacewalk
International Space Station Retweeted
NASA Commercial Crew
@Commercial_Crew
·
Aug 31
.@NASA has awarded five additional missions to @SpaceX for crew transportation services to the @Space_Station as part of the agency’s Commercial Crew
Transportation Capability (CCtCap) contract. Learn more: https://go.nasa.gov/3KzPKdG
International Space Station Retweeted

Axiom Space
@Axiom_Space
·
Aug 31
Axiom Space and @NASA have signed a mission order for the second private astronaut mission to the @Space_Station to take place in the second quarter of
2023. Read more https://axiomspace.com/news/ax2-mso
axiomspace.com
NASA, Axiom Sign Second Private Astronaut Mission to Space Station Order — Axiom Space
@Space_Station
·
Aug 31
The Exp 67 crew explored the way skin heals and how plants grow in space today while prepping for a robotics spacewalk.
https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2022/08/31/crew-supports-skin-and-plant-studies-during-spacewalk-preps/
blogs.nasa.gov
Crew Supports Skin and Plant Studies During Spacewalk Preps
0000000000000
Link/
August 31, 2022

NASA, Axiom Sign Second Private Astronaut Mission to Space Station
Order
Ax-2 Mission, News
Image courtesy of NASA
NASA and Axiom Space have signed a mission order for the second private astronaut mission to the International Space Station to take place in the second
quarter of 2023.
“With each new step forward, we are working together with commercial space companies and growing the economy in low-Earth orbit,” said Phil McAlister,
director of commercial space at NASA Headquarters. “In addition to expanding access to orbit for more people, we are also hoping these private astronaut
missions will help the industry learn and develop the skillset to conduct such missions, and NASA is benefitting from gaining additional capability, particularly
with returning additional cargo from the space station.”
The spaceflight, designated as Axiom Mission 2 (Ax-2), will launch from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida and travel to the space station. Once
docked, the Axiom astronauts are scheduled to spend 10 days aboard the orbiting laboratory. NASA and Axiom mission planners will coordinate in-orbit
activities for the private astronauts to conduct in coordination with space station crew members and flight controllers on the ground.
"Axiom Space’s Ax-2 mission builds upon the success of Ax-1, which demonstrated our team’s ability to work collaboratively with our partners at NASA and
SpaceX to plan and execute a complex human spaceflight mission,” said Derek Hassmann, Axiom’s chief of Mission Integration and Operations. “Axiom
continues to fund and fly private astronaut missions to the International Space Station to build our expertise and attract new customers in preparation for the
launch of our space station, Axiom Station. Our new Ax-2 crew, together with a full mission manifest of science, outreach, and commercial activities, will
continue to increase utilization of the International Space Station National Laboratory and demonstrate to the world the benefits of commercial space missions
for all humanity.”
Read more
Older PostAxiom Space and Aotearoa New Zealand Sign MOU to Advance Research in Space
Link
Space Station
Aug 31, 2022
RELEASE 22-092
NASA, Axiom Sign Second Private Astronaut Mission to Space Station
Order
A photo of the International Space Station taken by Expedition 56 crew members from a Soyuz spacecraft after undocking on October 4, 2018.
Credits: NASA
NASA and Axiom Space have signed a mission order for the second private astronaut mission to the International Space Station to take place in the second
quarter of 2023.
“With each new step forward, we are working together with commercial space companies and growing the economy in low-Earth orbit,” said Phil McAlister,
director of commercial space at NASA Headquarters. “In addition to expanding access to orbit for more people, we are also hoping these private astronaut
missions will help the industry learn and develop the skillset to conduct such missions, and NASA is benefitting from gaining additional capability, particularly
with returning additional cargo from the space station.”
The spaceflight, designated as Axiom Mission 2 (Ax-2), will launch from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida and travel to the space station. Once
docked, the Axiom astronauts are scheduled to spend 10 days aboard the orbiting laboratory. NASA and Axiom mission planners will coordinate in-orbit
activities for the private astronauts to conduct in coordination with space station crew members and flight controllers on the ground.
"Axiom Space’s Ax-2 mission builds upon the success of Ax-1, which demonstrated our team’s ability to work collaboratively with our partners at NASA and
SpaceX to plan and execute a complex human spaceflight mission,” said Derek Hassmann, Axiom’s chief of Mission Integration and Operations. “Axiom
continues to fund and fly private astronaut missions to the International Space Station to build our expertise and attract new customers in preparation for the
launch of our space station, Axiom Station. Our new Ax-2 crew, together with a full mission manifest of science, outreach, and commercial activities, will
continue to increase utilization of the International Space Station National Laboratory and demonstrate to the world the benefits of commercial space missions
for all humanity.”
For the Ax-2 mission, Axiom Space will submit four proposed crew members and four back up crew to the station’s Multilateral Crew Operations Panel for
review. NASA is currently requiring all private astronaut mission providers to select a previously flown NASA astronaut as the spacecraft commander, and
Axiom will comply with that requirement for Ax-2. Following review and approval from NASA and its international partners, the prime crew members for the
mission will be named.
The Ax-2 crew members will train for their flight with NASA, international partners, and SpaceX, which Axiom has contracted as launch provider for
transportation to and from the space station and who will familiarize the private astronauts with systems, procedures, and emergency preparedness for the space
station and the Dragon spacecraft. Based on current mission planning, team crew training is scheduled to begin this fall.
In December 2021, NASA announced the selection of Axiom Space for negotiations for the second private astronaut mission. To conduct the mission, Axiom is
obtaining NASA services via both the mission specific order and Reimbursable Space Act Agreements.
Through the mission specific order, Axiom is obtaining from NASA services such as crew supplies, cargo delivery to space, storage, and other in-orbit
resources for daily use. The order also accommodates up to an additional contingency week aboard the space station. This mission is subject to NASA’s
updated pricing policy for private astronaut missions, which reflects the full value of services the agency is providing to Axiom that are above space station
baseline capabilities.
The order also identifies capabilities NASA will obtain from Axiom, including the return of scientific samples that must be kept cold in transit back to Earth,
the return of a Nitrogen/Oxygen Recharge System (NORS) tank, the capability for last-minute return of two cargo transfer bags, and up to 10 hours of the
private astronaut mission commander’s time during the docked mission to complete NASA science or perform tasks for NASA.
Through Reimbursable Space Act Agreements, Axiom will reimburse NASA for services to enable the mission, such as training for crew members and use of
facilities at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston and Kennedy Space Center in Florida. In addition, SpaceX has a Reimbursable Space Act Agreement
with Kennedy for launch services.
For more than 21 years, NASA has supported a continuous U.S. human presence in low-Earth orbit. The agency's goal is a low-Earth orbit marketplace where
NASA is one of many customers, and the private sector leads the way. This strategy will provide services the government needs at a lower cost, enabling the
agency to focus on its Artemis missions to the Moon and on to Mars while continuing to use low-Earth orbit as a training and proving ground for those deep
space missions.
Learn more about how NASA is fos

NASA Television Upcoming Events
Editor's note: NASA Television programming on the Galaxy 13 domestic satellite is moving from transponder 11 to transponder 15 this month.
Watch NASA TV
ALL TIMES U.S. EASTERN
NASA TV schedule for the week of Aug. 29, 2022 (Rev. C) (PDF)
Artemis I TV Schedule (Rev. E) (PDF)

September
Saturday, Sept, 3
5:45 a.m. – Coverage of the Propellent Loading of the Space Launch System Rocket for the Artemis I Launch – Kennedy Space Center (All Channels)
12:15 p.m. – Coverage of the Launch of the Artemis I Moon Mission (Launch scheduled at 2:17 p.m. EDT) – Kennedy Space Center (All Channels)
5 p.m. – Artemis I Post-Launch News Conference (time subject to change) – Kennedy Space Center (All Channels)
Wednesday, Sept. 7
1:20 p.m. – ISS Expedition 67 in-flight Interview with Stanford University Alumni Magazine and NASA astronaut Jessica Watkins (All Channels)
Monday, Sept. 12
12 p.m. – Coverage of 60th anniversary commemoration of President John F. Kennedy’s speech at Rice University rallying the nation to land humans on
the Moon and returning them safely to Earth (All Channels)
Tuesday, Sept. 13
10:15 a.m. – ISS Expedition 67 In-Flight Education Event with the Junior Achievement Club of Chicago and NASA Flight Engineer Bob Hines and ESA
(European Space Agency) Flight Engineer Samantha Cristoforetti – Johnson Space Center (All Channels)
Wednesday, Sept. 14
9:30 a.m. – ISS Expedition 67 In-flight Event with the European Union Parliament and ESA (European Space Agency) Flight Engineer Samantha
Cristoforetti – Johnson Space Center (All Channels)
Thursday, Sept. 15
10:40 a.m. – ISS Expedition 67 In-Flight Event with the Franklin County High School in Carnesville, Georgia and NASA Flight Engineer Kjell Lindgren –
Johnson Space Center (All Channels)
Monday, Sept. 26
6 p.m. – Live coverage begins for NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) impact with the asteroid Dimorphos
PROGRAM NOTES
NASA ScienceCasts Online Series is available at – http://sciencecasts.nasa.gov/
NASA’s Space to Ground is available online at – http://goo.gl/rdlmMn
NASA TV Video File Rundown
NASA TV on Satellite Information
Usage Guidelines
PDF new
ISS Daily Summary Report – 8/31/2022
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Payloads:
eXposed Root On-Orbit Test System (XROOTS): The crew performed a manual fluid recovery and refilled the plant nutrient solution as needed. They also
performed a plant check with the goal of reporting plant growth, as well as any algae or microbial growth that may be present. The XROOTS investigation uses
hydroponic and aeroponic techniques to grow plants without soil or other growth media. Video and still images enable evaluation of multiple independent
growth chambers for the entire plant life cycle from seed germination through maturity. Results could identify suitable methods to produce crops on a larger
scale for future space missions.
Nutrition Monitoring for the International Space Station (NutrISS): The crew performed an ESA Nutritional Assessment (ENA) in support of the NutrISS
investigation. Long-duration spaceflight induces relevant changes in body composition and a loss of body mass. In the NutrISS investigation, a periodic
assessment of body composition (body weight, fat mass, and fat-free mass) during spaceflight aboard the ISS is carried out using a dedicated bio-impedance
analysis device to allow for the measurement of long-term energy balance modification over time. It is hypothesized that an adjusted diet maintaining a near-
neutral energy balance, and/or increasing protein intake can limit microgravity-induced bone and muscle loss.
Systems:
Nitrogen Jumper Purge: In preparation for the Life Support Rack (LSR) and Oxygen Generation Assembly (OGA) swap next week, the crew purged the
Oxygen Generation System (OGS) nitrogen jumper with nitrogen to integrate the jumper with the OGS. The Nitrogen Purge On-orbit Replacement Unit (ORU)
regulates flow of nitrogen through the electrolyzing cell stack in the Hydrogen ORU to make it inert for safing or deactivation.
OGS Feedwater Hose Flush: In preparation for the LSR/OGA rack swap next week, the crew flushed the OGS Feed Water Jumper through the Potable Bus
using the Water Storage System (WSS) Sample Port Hose. The intent of this activity was to flush out any microbial growth that may have accumulated over
time in the hose.
Lab DZUS Fastener Repair: Today, the crew inspected and replaced DZUS fasteners in the Portable Fire Extinguisher (PFE) volume on the LAB1D1-01
panel. In order to replace the DZUS fasteners, crew had to first remove the PFE and replace when finished. Repairing this fastener returned the closeout panel
to a nominal configuration and ensures it can withstand crew-induced loads.
Completed Task List Activities:

 None
Today’s Ground Activities:

All activities are complete unless otherwise noted.
 Mobile Servicing System (MSS) EP FRAM Swap

 PRO LSG Facility Activation Commanding
 Mobile Servicing System (MSS) Power up
Look Ahead Plan
Thursday, September 1 (GMT 244)

Payloads:
 LSG Ops
 NutrISS
Systems:
 None
Friday, September 2 (GMT 245)

Payloads:
 CSA Outreach
 LSG Ops
 ManD Tray Replacement
Systems:
 LSR/OGA Rack Swap Pre-gather

 T2 Monthly Inspection
 WRS CWC-Iodine Fill
Saturday, September 3 (GMT 246)

Payloads:
 No Utilization Activities
Systems:
 Crew Off-Duty Day
Today’s Planned Activities:

All activities are complete unless otherwise noted.
 Total Organic Carbon Analyzer (TOCA) Water Recovery System (WRS) Sample Analysis
 ISS EveryWear (EVW) Nutrition Tracking and Screenshots
 HRF Generic Urine Collection Stow
 Lab DZUS Fastener Repair
 Lab Portable Fire Extinguisher (PFE) Removal and Replace
 Nitrogen Jumper Purge
 NutrISS – ESA Nutritional Assessment
 OGS Feedwater Hose Flush
 Public Affairs Office (PAO) Event in Node 2
 OGS-LSR Rack Swap Big Picture Words Review
 Recycle Tank Drain and Fill
 RR Cryo Chiller Sample Transfer to MELFI
 Station Support Computer 24 Reload, USB Connect, and Hard Drive Reseat
 Urine Transfer System Offload EDV Swap
 VIP Conference with Rep Garcia and Staff
 XROOTS Water Refill [Deferred]
 XROOTS Status Check
Tweets from @NASA_Astronauts
NASA Astronauts Retweeted
NASA
@NASA
·
23m
LIVE: Mission managers discuss the upcoming launch of the #Artemis I flight test around the Moon. https://twitter.com/i/broadcasts/1vOxwMlReWVGB
NASA
@NASA
Artemis I Mission Management Team Briefing
NASA Artemis
@NASAArtemis
·
1h
Want to keep apprised of all things #Artemis I? Sept. 1, 6pm ET: Prelaunch media briefing with Artemis I leaders Sept. 2, 9am ET: Prelaunch and weather
briefing Sept. 3, 12:15pm ET: Launch coverage begins Sept. 3, 2:17pm ET: Two hour launch window opens http://go.nasa.gov/3q9FfEo
NASA's Johnson Space Center
@NASA_Johnson
·
5h
Yeast, fungi, algae, & seeds…soon to be the next deep space travelers, thanks to #Artemis I! Their journeys may hold the key to helping astronauts stay healthy
during Moon & Mars missions. Learn more via @NASASpaceSci: https://go.nasa.gov/3AF7v73
Doug Wheelock
@Astro_Wheels
·
5h
Replying to @gillespollini @NASA_Astronauts and 8 others
Neil made the statement in a moment of reflection on how he felt about his dream of flight, in 1947 at #Purdue. I’m guessing most of us have had moments like
this - where we wonder if our ordinary life will ever intersect with our extraordinary dreams. #OneSmallStep #FirstMan
Doug Wheelock
@Astro_Wheels
·
11h
“All in all, for someone who was immersed in, fascinated by, and dedicated to flight, I was disappointed by the wrinkle in history that had brought me along
one generation late. I had missed all the great times and adventures in flight.” ~Neil Armstrong Credit: @jakowsky
NASA Artemis and 7 others

Don Pettit
@astro_Pettit
·
22h
With the new launch date for @NASAArtemis now this Saturday, enjoy this photo composite, taken from my Houston driveway, showing the landing sites of
Apollo 12 , 14, and 15. (ZWO monochrome camera, 10 msec exposure at 40% gain). Soon to be more landing sites! #nasamoonsnap
NASA
@NASA
·
Sep 1
Watch #Artemis I launch to the Moon! The broadcast will begin Saturday, Sept. 3, at 12:15pm ET (16:15 UTC) on our Twitter, YouTube, Twitch, Facebook,
Daily Motion and https://go.nasa.gov/3B22Jlj. More on how to watch the launch, ask questions and participate: https://go.nasa.gov/3edfK2v
NASA's Johnson Space Center
@NASA_Johnson
·
Aug 31
Once Artemis I leaves the launch pad, you can follow along with @NASA_Orion in real time! Use the Artemis Real-Time Orbit Website (AROW) to track
Orion during its mission to the Moon and back: https://go.nasa.gov/3AyFaz7
@Space_Station
·
Aug 31
The Exp 67 crew explored the way skin heals and how plants grow in space today while prepping for a robotics spacewalk.
https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2022/08/31/crew-supports-skin-and-plant-studies-during-spacewalk-preps/
blogs.nasa.gov
Crew Supports Skin and Plant Studies During Spacewalk Preps
Doug Wheelock
@Astro_Wheels
·
Aug 31
I’ll just leave this here… Special thanks to @ingallsimages for sharing his amazing gift. #Artemis #Sunrise
NASA and 4 others
NASA
@NASA
·
Aug 31
We're now targeting Saturday, Sept. 3 for the launch of the #Artemis I flight test around the Moon. The two-hour launch window opens at 2:17 p.m. ET (18:17
UTC).
000000000000000000000000000000000000
Artemis I
Aug 31, 2022
MEDIA ADVISORY M22-125
NASA Sets Coverage for Artemis I Moon Mission Next Launch Attempt
NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) rocket with the Orion spacecraft aboard is seen atop the mobile launcher at Launch Pad 39B, Tuesday, Aug. 30, 2022, at
NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
Credits: NASA/Joel Kowsky
NASA is targeting 2:17 p.m. EDT on Saturday, Sept. 3, for the launch of Artemis I, the first integrated test of NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) rocket,
Orion spacecraft, and the ground systems at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. There is a two-hour launch window for the next attempt.
The Artemis I flight test is an uncrewed mission around the Moon that will pave the way for a crewed flight test and future human lunar exploration as part of
Artemis.
Live coverage of events will air on NASA Television, the NASA app, and the agency’s website at:
https://www.nasa.gov/live
The launch countdown will resume Saturday, Sept. 3, at the opening of a planned 2.5 hour built in hold, which will begin at 4:37 a.m.
Managers waved off the first launch attempt Aug. 29 when launch controllers were unable to chill down the four RS-25 engines, with one engine showing
higher temperatures than the other engines. Teams currently are analyzing data, updating procedures, and checking out hardware to address the issues.
A limited number of seats inside the auditorium at Kennedy will be available to on-site journalists previously credentialed on a first-come, first-served basis.
The deadline has passed for media accreditation for in-person coverage of this launch.
To participate by telephone, media must RSVP no later than two hours before the start of each briefing to: ksc-newsroom@mail.nasa.gov.
Media and members of the public may also ask questions on social media using #Artemis. Audio only of the news conferences will be carried on the NASA
“V” circuits, which may be accessed by dialing 321-867-1220, -1240, -1260 or -7135.
NASA’s media accreditation policy for virtual and on-site activities is available online. More information about media accreditation at Kennedy is available by
emailing: ksc-media-accreditat@mail.nasa.gov.
Full launch coverage is as follows. All times are Eastern, all events will air live on NASA TV, and the information is subject to change based on real-time
operations. Follow NASA’s Artemis blog for updates.
Thursday, Sept. 1
6 p.m.: NASA will hold a prelaunch media briefing following a mission management team meeting with the following participants:
 Mike Sarafin, Artemis mission manager, NASA Headquarters

 Charlie Blackwell-Thompson, Artemis launch director, Exploration Ground Systems Program, Kennedy
 John Honeycutt, SLS program manager, NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center
 Melody Lovin, weather officer, Space Launch Delta 45
Friday, Sept. 2
9 a.m. – NASA will hold a prelaunch media briefing on the status of the countdown with the following participants:
 Jeremy Parsons, deputy manager, Exploration Ground Systems, NASA Kennedy

 Melody Lovin, weather officer, Space Launch Delta 45
Saturday, Sept. 3
5:45 a.m.: Coverage begins with commentary of tanking operations to load propellant into the SLS rocket.
12:15 p.m.: Full coverage begins in English. Launch coverage will continue through translunar injection and spacecraft separation, setting Orion on its path to
the Moon.
1 p.m.: Launch coverage begins in Spanish on NASA’s Spanish-language YouTube account and will continue approximately 15 minutes after liftoff. Mission
coverage updates will be posted on the NASA en español social media channels.
6 p.m.: Coverage of the postlaunch news conference will follow approximately one hour after the live launch broadcast ends. Coverage start time is subject to
change, based exact liftoff time. The postlaunch news conference will include the following participants:
 Bill Nelson, NASA administrator

 Mike Sarafin, Artemis mission manager, NASA Headquarters
 Mike Bolger, Exploration Ground Systems Program manager, Kennedy
 Howard Hu, Orion Program manager, NASA’s Johnson Space Center
 John Honeycutt, Space Launch System Program manager, Marshall
 Emily Nelson, chief flight director, Johnson
9:45 p.m.: Coverage of Orion’s first outbound trajectory burn on the way to the Moon. Time of coverage start time is subject to change, based on exact liftoff
time.
10:15 p.m.: Coverage of first Earth views from Orion during outbound coast to the Moon.
NASA Television coverage of additional events throughout the mission is available online.
NASA Launch Coverage in English
Briefings and launch coverage will be available on the NASA website. Coverage will include live streaming and blog updates. On-demand streaming video and
photos of the launch will be available shortly after liftoff.
Follow countdown coverage on NASA’s Artemis blog at:
https://blogs.nasa.gov/artemis
Live NASA TV coverage leading to launch will begin with commentary of tanking operations at 5:45 a.m. Saturday, Sept. 3, followed by launch coverage
beginning at 12:15 p.m. Launch coverage will stream on the NASA website, as well as Facebook, Twitch, NASA YouTube, and in 4k on NASA’s UHD
channel.
For NASA TV downlink information, schedules, and links to streaming video, visit:
https://www.nasa.gov/nasatv
On launch day, a “clean feed” will be carried on the NASA TV media channel featuring views of the rocket and audio from a commentator in the Launch
Control Center throughout and a single channel of mission audio beginning 15 minutes before launch.
On launch day, countdown activities with audio of the launch control commentator will be available starting at 5:45 a.m. by dialing 1-844-467-4685; Passcode:
557460; listeners will hear a single channel of mission audio beginning 15 minutes before launch. Full audio from the launch broadcast will begin at 12:15 p.m.
and will be carried on 321-867-1220, -1240, -1260 or –7135.
Launch also will be available on local amateur VHF radio frequency 146.940 MHz and UHF radio frequency 444.925 MHz, FM mode, heard within Brevard
County on the Space Coast.
NASA Launch Coverage in Spanish
NASA’s broadcast of the launch in Spanish will include interviews with Hispanic members of the mission and live commentary.
The show, which will begin at 1 p.m. Saturday, Sept. 3, will be available on NASA en español’s YouTube account, and will continue approximately 15 minutes
after liftoff. Mission coverage will then follow on the NASA en español social media channels.
Media and educational institutions interested in sharing the stream of the show can contact María José Viñas at: maria-jose.vinasgarcia@nasa.gov.
Attend Launch Virtually
Members of the public can register to attend the launch virtually. NASA’s virtual guest program for the mission includes curated launch resources, notifications
about related opportunities or changes, and a stamp for the NASA virtual guest passport following a successful launch.
Watch, Engage on Social Media
Stay connected with the mission and let people know you are following the launch on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram with #Artemis. Follow and tag these
accounts:
Twitter: @NASA, NASAArtemis
Facebook: NASA, NASAArtemis
Instagram: NASA, NASAArtemis
Through Artemis missions, NASA will land the first woman and the first person of color on the Moon, paving the way for a long-term lunar exploration and
serving as a steppingstone to send astronauts to Mars.
For more information about the Artemis I mission, visit:
https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis-i
Para obtener información sobre cobertura en español en el Centro Espacial Kennedy o si desea solicitar entrevistas en español, comuníquese con Antonia
Jaramillo at: antonia.jaramillobotero@nasa.gov or 321-501-8425.
-end-
Kathryn Hambleton
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1100
kathryn.a.hambleton@nasa.gov
Tiffany Fairley
Kennedy Space Center, Fla.
321-867-2468
tiffany.l.fairley@nasa.gov

Editor: Sean Potter
Tags: Artemis, Artemis I, Humans in Space, Johnson Space Center, Kennedy Space Center, Moon to Mars, Space Launch System
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Around the Moon and Back: A Test Drive for Science
Artist concept of the Orion capsule in lunar orbit. BioExperiment-01 (BioExpt-01) will serve as a pathfinder for biological research beyond LEO, with four
investigations in the Artemis I Orion capsule for its orbit around the moon and return to Earth. The investigations will evaluate the effects of deep space on the
nutritional value of plant seeds, DNA repair of fungi, adaptation of yeast, and gene expression of algae. The common theme to these investigations is to study
the biological effect of deep space, including the elevated levels of ionizing radiation, which is stronger outside low Earth orbit (LEO).
When gazing up at the Moon in the night sky, envision a future where humans can live and work on the lunar surface. Part of that work includes valuable
research, as the Moon offers two environments important for science – and to which we do not currently have access down on the ground: The Moon’s gravity
is only about one-sixth of Earth’s, and it has a very thin atmosphere which is exposed to more intense radiation than exists on Earth. Additionally, establishing a
sustainable presence on the Lunar surface is an essential step towards preparing for missions to Mars.
However, before that, to go farther and stay longer in space, including to Mars, we must investigate how biological and physical phenomena behave in the
unique environment of the Moon.
Creating a Path to the Moon and Beyond
To pave the way for human exploration of the Moon, Mars, and beyond, NASA’s Artemis missions are set up as a series of increasingly complex missions. The
first, Artemis I will be an uncrewed test flight of the Space Launch System (SLS) and the Orion spacecraft around the Moon. The primary goals for this test
flight are to demonstrate Orion’s systems and thus ensure a safe journey to the Moon and back for the first crewed flight on Artemis II.
Though uncrewed, the crew compartment of Artemis I will have minuscule biological life forms aboard, along with other scientific payloads. Some of these
tiny travelers aboard Orion make up NASA’s Biological and Physical Sciences’ Biological Experiment 01 (BioExpt-01) mission which will serve as a
pathfinder for biological research beyond low-Earth orbit.
BioExpt-01 includes four investigations that will evaluate effects of the deep space environment on the nutritional value of plant seeds, DNA repair within
fungi, adaptation of yeast, and algal gene expression. By sending these investigations through two giant donuts of radiation around Earth called the Van Allen
Belts — to areas beyond low-Earth orbit — researchers will gain understanding of the elevated levels and impacts of ionizing radiation on biological life forms
like never before. This knowledge will help us to understand how biological life forms can better thrive in deep space and support future manned missions to
the Moon and Mars.
Fundamentals of Thriving in Deep Space
Sending humans back to the Moon and eventually to Mars requires seeking answers to fundamental questions. Since humanity last stepped on the Lunar surface
on December 19, 1972, scientists have been wondering how deep space impacts the human body and other life forms, like plants, which will sustain humans for
long duration space missions.
Four studies within BioExpt-01 using model organisms and plant seeds aim to help answer critical questions essential to ensuring crew health on future long-
duration missions:
1.How does deep-space radiation affect DNA?
The Deep Space Radiation Genomics investigation will pioneer scientific discovery by correlating which genes provide cells with a higher probability of
survival as well as understanding the types and doses of radiation they experience beyond Earth’s protective magnetosphere.
“We’re using yeast cells in this investigation because they share a lot in common with our own human cells,” explains Luis Zea, principal investigator at the
University of Colorado in Boulder, Colorado. “Rather than sending limited numbers of humans in a spacecraft, we can send millions of yeast cells in a tiny bag
and study deep-space effects on those cells, which would be very similar to what would occur within our own cells under the same conditions.”
To prepare for this flight, Zea and his team had to develop a new type of hardware that allows scientists to do their research in space without the presence of
human travelers within the spacecraft.
“With Artemis I, we need to have the capability to start the experiment at a specific time during the flight,” said Zea. “So we developed new hardware called
PLASM – that’s short for Peristaltic Laboratory for Automated Science with Multigenerations – at BioServe which will be able to detect where it is in relation
to Earth and the Moon. It will autonomously start the experiment once it passes through the last Van Allen Belt into a high -radiation environment in order to
study how deep space radiation affects the DNA and how the DNA is repaired by these cells.”
It’s essential to understand the damage deep-space radiation does to DNA and which DNA repair mechanisms are more efficient under these conditions. This
knowledge will serve as the baseline for future studies on how researchers can support reliable DNA repair mechanisms for astronauts traveling to deep space.
2. What organisms can survive in deep space and serve multiple functions?
Traveling to deep space and back requires an ample amount of fuel, oxygen, and nutrition. As it is, available room on board a rocket is hard to come by, so it
raises the question: What is portable and can accomplish all three needs?
The Fuel to Mars investigation will aim to identify genes and metabolic pathways in the green unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that appear to have
enhanced survival advantages during exposure to the combined effects of space radiation and altered gravity. These could be incorporated into parent strains in
future studies to optimize generation of hydrogen and other fuels in space.
“As it turns out, algae is a wonderful source of hydrogen, which is a gas, but can be used as a fuel,” said Holly Birdsall, Fuel to Mars co-principal investigator
at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. “Algae is also edible and can be used to make vitamins or oils that humans need for nutrition. It also couldn’t
be simpler to grow — algae requires water and light and that’s just about it. They are a great tiny traveling companion that can answer a lot of our needs.”
This investigation is led by Birdsall and Timothy Hammond, principal investigator at Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina.
Together, they hope to gain a deeper understanding of how cells interact with radiation and how to best optimize plants in space.
"Individual genes in Chlamydomonas have been knocked out helping elucidate the role of important plant genes in the unique environment of deep space,” says
Hammond. “Because of this, we can determine which genes determine survival, making green algae the key to studying cells and their reactions in the entire
plant world.”
3. What treatments can we develop to better protect astronauts from the effects of space radiation?
Investigating Roles of Melanin and DNA Repair on Adaptation and Survivability of Fungi in Deep Space will help researchers understand how cells
adapt to high levels of cosmic radiation during space travel by focusing on fungi’s natural protective qualities such as DNA repair and melanin synthesis.
Zheng Wang, principal investigator at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC, hopes this investigation will help researchers identify new ways to
prevent radiation damage to humans and equipment in space.
“Fungi are one of the first organisms to thrive in environments on Earth that experience nuclear activity, so there’s a lot of interest in how fungi are able to
make life more habitable not only terrestrially but also in deep space,” according to Wang. “Astronauts will have to overcome higher radiation levels during
space travel, and one possible solution is to use fungal products to protect them.”
The different types of fungi that Wang and his team are studying represent different characteristics that help fungi adapt to similar conditions. The first type is a
healthy wild-type – which means it’s normally occurring -- strain. The second and third strains are mutants unable to perform DNA repair, which is important
to investigate since DNA carries the instructions for how a body should function. The fourth mutant strain cannot produce melanin, which is a pigment
occurring in the hair, skin, and iris of the eye in humans and animals which helps block out damaging UV rays.
Wang and his team will compare the survival of these strains to understand how important DNA repair and melanin are to thriving in deep space. Their results
will help engineer treatments to protect astronauts from high levels of radiation during deep space exploration, and help establish a sustainable presence in
space, on the Moon, or on Mars.
4. Can we develop hardier, nutritious plants that can thrive in deep space?
Life Beyond Earth: Effect of Spaceflight on Seeds with Improved Nutritional Value investigation will study the impact of space-flight beyond the Van
Allen radiation belt on amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds.
As the main component of skin, muscles, organs, bones, and nails, protein makes up a significant part of the human body and is present in every cell. These
proteins are made up of amino acids, which are essential for human diets.
When plants and astronauts travel to space, they are subject to several stressors. Plants have been found to lose nutrients, including amino acids, in
microgravity. To travel long distances, such as to Mars, plants need to produce more nutrients in a confined space with limited resources.
“Our technology equips plants with a higher content of amino acids that are essential for the human diet,” said Federica Brandizzi, principal investigator for the
investigation at the College of Natural Science at Michigan State University, in East Lansing, Michigan. “We’re attempting to see how we can improve plant
productivity using plants that we’ve modified to have more resources to withstand spaceflight.”
Brandizzi and her team will send seeds of a model plant called Arabidopsis thaliana, which have been genetically engineered to produce high levels of specific
essential amino acids. They will study how deep space affects the levels of amino acids within these genetically modified seeds and see if they confer a
competitive advantage for germination and produce stronger plants.
Related Articles
 Artemis I - https://www.nasa.gov/artemis-1
About NASA’s Biological and Physical Sciences
NASA’s Biological and Physical Sciences Division pioneers scientific discovery and enables exploration by using space environments to
conduct investigations both on Earth and in Space. Studying biological and physical phenomenon under extreme conditions allows researchers
to advance the fundamental scientific knowledge required to go farther and stay longer in space, while also benefitting life on Earth.
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Orion Spacecraft
Aug 17, 2022
Track NASA’s Artemis I Mission in Real Time
Using AROW, almost anyone with internet access can pinpoint where Orion is and track its distance from the Earth, distance from the Moon, mission duration,
and more.
Join NASA’s Orion spacecraft on its first mission around the Moon using the Artemis Real-time Orbit Website (AROW) to track the spacecraft’s flight as it
happens.
On the web, users can follow AROW to see where Orion is in relation to the Earth and the Moon and follow Orion’s path during the mission.
During Artemis I, Orion will travel to 40,000 miles beyond the Moon in the first integrated flight test with the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket. Using
AROW, almost anyone with internet access can pinpoint where Orion is and track its distance from the Earth, distance from the Moon, mission duration, and
more. AROW is available on NASA’s website and on the @NASA_Orion Twitter account.
AROW visualizes data collected by sensors on Orion and sent to the Mission Control Center at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston during its flight. It
will provide periodic real-time data beginning about one minute after liftoff through separation of the SLS rocket’s Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage
approximately two hours into flight. Once Orion is flying on its own, AROW will provide constant real-time information.
“This is a really powerful way to engage with the mission and understand the scope of what NASA is trying to accomplish with Artemis I,” said Seth Lambert,
the Orion programmer who created AROW.
On the web, users can follow AROW to see where Orion is in relation to the Earth and the Moon and follow Orion’s path during the mission. Users can view
key mission milestones, and characteristics on the Moon, including information about landing sites from the Apollo program. Also available for download will
be trajectory data from the flight, called an ephemeris.
Follow Orion’s Twitter account for mission milestone updates shared by AROW, including Orion’s velocity, temperature, distance, and mission elapsed time.
Follow Orion’s Twitter account for mission milestone updates shared by AROW, including Orion’s velocity, temperature, distance, and mission elapsed time.
AROW also will provide a set of Orion’s state vectors — data that describes precisely where Orion is located in space and how it moves — for inclusion in
these tweets once Orion is flying on its own. These vectors can be used for data lovers, artists, and creatives to make their own tracking app, data visualization,
or anything else they envision.
“Knowing what the spacecraft is doing during the mission is already cool, but now that Orion’s data can be visualized in all these different ways, it will be
interesting to see what creative projects others come up with,” said Richard Garodnick, an engineer on the mission control center system engineering and
development team at Johnson.
And while the app was developed and will be used for Artemis missions, the technology behind AROW could be applied to other missions in the future.
Through Artemis missions, NASA will land the first woman and the first person of color on the Moon, paving the way for a long-term lunar presence and
serving as a steppingstone to send astronauts to Mars.
Track Orion during Artemis I at:
https://www.nasa.gov/specials/trackartemis/
Erika Peters
NASA’s Johnson Space Center

Last Updated: Aug 28, 2022
Editor: Erika Peters
Tags: Artemis I, Orion Spacecraft
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Page Last Updated: Aug 28, 2022 NASA Official: Brian Dunbar
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Science & Exploration
New class of European astronauts report for training

03/09/2009 13847 views 28 likes
ESA / Science & Exploration / Human and Robotic Exploration / European Astronaut Selection 2008
ESA’s new astronaut recruits reported this week to the European Astronaut Centre in Cologne, Germany. The six have started the first days of their 18-month
basic training in preparation for future missions to the International Space Station and beyond.
The new astronauts are:
 Samantha Cristoforetti, from Milan, Italy.

 Alexander Gerst, from Künzelsau, Germany.
 Andreas Mogensen, from Copenhagen, Denmark.
 Luca Parmitano, from Paternò, Italy.
 Timothy Peake, from Chichester, UK.
 Thomas Pesquet, from Rouen, France.
“I am very happy that our new colleagues reported to EAC in Cologne to start their training. The taking-up duty of the new class of ESA astronaut marks our
commitment to a future important role for Europe in human spaceflight,” said Simonetta Di Pippo, ESA’s Director of Human Spaceflight. “We are already
flying an average of two ESA astronauts every year to the ISS. In 2010, ESA astronaut Roberto Vittori will fly to the ISS in July to deliver the Alpha Magnetic
Spectrometer and ESA astronaut Paolo Nespoli will fly in November to work on the ISS for six months.
The new astronauts are welcomed to EAC for their first day of
training
“In 2011, ESA astronaut André Kuipers will spend six months on the ISS as well. The new European astronauts, who will be ready to be assigned around 2013,
will allow us to secure this continuity. As we are discussing the extension of the ISS beyond 2016, they will surely get the chance to fly to the ISS and beyond
quite soon.”
Basic training for the European astronauts will take place mostly at the European Astronaut Centre (EAC), where they will follow a training programme
developed by EAC according to international specifications agreed between the International Space Station (ISS) partners.
Classroom lessons will introduce them to ESA and the industrial partners, followed by fundamentals such as electrical engineering, before entering in more
detail into space systems and operations and subjects such as Europe’s participation in ISS (Columbus, Automated Transfer Vehicle) and Soyuz. Other lessons
will provide grounding for special skills necessary for their future, such as learning Russian, SCUBA diving for spacewalk familiarisation and survival training.
New recruits attended first day of training at the European Astronaut Centre
After completion of basic training, the astronauts are ready to enter the next ISS training phase and, once assigned to a mission, their training will be tailored to
their specific tasks.
“It is not enough to be a good scientist or an excellent engineer to become an astronaut; the 18-month basic training at EAC will bring the new astronauts to a
professional level in various fields, including Russian, fundamentals of several scientific disciplines, history of spaceflight, space engineering, human
behaviour, flight training and other essential parts of the astronaut job. This will enable them to be trained to carry out complex tasks during space missions,”
said Michel Tognini, Head of EAC.
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3 septembre à 16:00
🔴En direct: lancement SLS/Orion Artemis 1 vers la Lune (2è tentative)

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Vous aussi devenez membre de la chaine avec un abonnement de soutien: https://www.youtube.com/c/TechniquesS... Décollage prévu au plus tôt le 2
septembre à 18h48 (heure de Paris) pour la majestueuse fusée SLS pour son vol inaugural vers la Lune. Vous vous doutez qu'il y aura beaucoup, beaucoup de
choses à discuter pour ce lancement. Vous pouvez aussi me joindre sur Twitter: https://twitter.com/TechSpatiales Liens utiles: https://metiers-du-spatial.com et
www.formations-spatiales.fr
Voir webcast précédente Vide infra…

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ROSCOSMOS lent !
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Nouvelles
#Roskosmos#Astronautique habitée#ISS#ISS-67
01/09/202213:41
Les astronautes étudient la dynamique de la structure de l'ISS sous des influences extérieures
Le vol des participants russes de la 67e expédition de longue durée - les cosmonautes de Roscosmos Oleg Artemyev, Denis Matveyev et
Sergey Korsakov - se poursuit à la Station spatiale internationale.
Le mercredi 31 août 2022, à bord du segment russe de la station, les représentations suivantes ont été réalisées :
 préparation de la sortie dans l'espace d'Oleg Artemiev et Denis Matveev dans le cadre du programme russe — étude de l'itinéraire de
transition et des zones de travail de la sortie à l'aide du programme de visualisation, assemblage de packs portables, installation
d'accessoires sur les combinaisons Orlan-MKS n° 4 et n° 5 ;
 expérience "Terminator" (observation dans les gammes visible et proche infrarouge du spectre des formations stratifiées aux hauteurs de
la mésosphère supérieure - thermosphère inférieure au voisinage du terminateur solaire);
 expérience "Identification" (étude de la dynamique de la structure de l'ISS sous divers effets de forces externes, en tenant compte de
l'évolution de la structure modulaire de la station) ;
 expérience "Ekon-M" (photographie de la Terre pour évaluer la situation environnementale);
 surveillance Holter quotidienne de l'électrocardiogramme ;
 vérifications d'essai de la plate-forme de protection contre les vibrations conçue pour les expériences scientifiques.
Le matériel a été préparé avec l'aide du Yu. A. Gagarin CTC
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NEWS | AUG 31, 2022
New Shepard Mission

NS-23 Updates
August 31, 2022
11:15 am CDT / 16:15 UTC
We’re continuing to track the weather in West Texas. Our next launch window
for NS-23 opens tomorrow at 8:30 AM CDT / 13:30 UTC. Live webcast starts
at T-20 minutes.
7:00 am CDT / 12:00 UTC

Today's NS-23 launch is scrubbed due to weather. We’re tracking and will
update with a new target launch time soon.
23h : NS-23 reporté
Status
Unknown Payload
Launch Time
Sat Sep 3, 2022 01:55 TC+2
Launch vehicle and payload not confirmed.
Rocket
Long March 4C
CASC
Status: Active
Price: $64.68 million
Liftoff Thrust: 2,993 kN
Payload to LEO: 4,200 kg
Payload to GTO: 1,500 kg
Stages: 3
Strap-ons: 0
Rocket Height: 46.97 m
Fairing Diameter: 3.8 m
Fairing Height: 11.74 m
Location
Site 9401 (SLS-2), Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, China
Stats
2022
110th orbital launch attempt
Long March 4C
45th mission
7th mission of 2022
WWW BLUE ORIGIN
NEWS | SEP 1, 2022
New Shepard Mission NS-23 Updates

September 1, 2022
10:00 am CDT / 15:00 UTC

We're continuing to track the weather closely down in West Texas. Our next launch window for NS-23 opens tomorrow at 9:30 AM CDT / 14:30
UTC. Live webcast starts at T-20 minutes.
8:00 am CDT / 13:00 UTC

NS-23 is scrubbed today due to weather conditions at Launch Site One. More updates to come as we await new target launch window from the
mission team.
August 31, 2022
11:15 am CDT / 16:15 UTC

We’re continuing to track the weather in West Texas. Our next launch window for NS-23 opens tomorrow at 8:30 AM CDT / 13:30 UTC. Live
webcast starts at T-20 minutes.
7:00 am CDT / 12:00 UTC

Today's NS-23 launch is scrubbed due to weather. We’re tracking and will update with a new target launch time soon.
PAS DE WEBCAST NS-23 DEMARREE
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SPACEFLIGHTNOW
Webb telescope eyes Phantom Galaxy with mid-infrared camera
September 1, 2022 Stephen Clark
The European Mid-Infrared Instrument, or MIRI,

camera on the James Webb Space Telescope captured this view of M74, also known as the Phantom Galaxy. Credit: ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, J. Lee and the
PHANGS-JWST Team
Fresh images from the James Webb Space Telescope show the Phantom Galaxy in vibrant infrared light, part of a series of observations with the new $10
billion observatory to help astronomers study the formation of stars.
The Phantom Galaxy, also known as Messier 74, is 32 million light-years from Earth. Astronomers have previously studied the spiral galaxy with ground-based
observatories and the Hubble Space Telescope. Now Webb is adding its unmatched vision to resolve previously unseen features of the galaxy.
Webb’s observations will allow astronomers to pinpoint star-forming regions of the galaxy, according to the European Space Agency. The Mid-Infrared
Instrument, or MIRI, camera that made the observations of the Phantom Galaxy was part of ESA’s contribution to the Webb mission, a joint project with
NASA and the Canadian Space Agency.
The MIRI data will help scientists accurately measure the masses and ages of star clusters, and gain insights into the small grains of dust drifting in interstellar
space between the stars, according to ESA.
Hubble’s observations of the Phantom Galaxy revealed bright areas of star formation in ultraviolet and visible wavelengths. Webb resolved the same star-
forming regions in its infrared observations.
“By combining data from telescopes operating across the electromagnetic spectrum, scientists can gain greater insight into astronomical objects than by using a
single observatory – even one as powerful as Webb!” ESA said in a press release.
These images show views of M74, also known as

the Phantom Galaxy, captured in optical and infrared wavelengths by the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope. The center image is a
composite of the optical and infrared observations made by Hubble and Webb. Credit: ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, J. Lee and the PHANGS-JWST Team;
ESA/Hubble & NASA, R. Chandar Acknowledgement: J. Schmidt
The Phantom Galaxy is positioned face-on to Earth. It is located in the constellation Pisces, and features well-defined spiral arms. Webb’s view of the Phantom
Galaxy shows bright star-forming dust clouds strung around the spiral arms, and a blue glow from the dense star cluster at the core of the galaxy.
The James Webb Space Telescope launched Dec. 25 on a European Ariane 5 rocket, deployed solar arrays, unfurled tennis court-sized sunshield, and unfolded
a 21.3-foot-wide (6.5-meter) primary mirror, and arrived in its operational orbit around a million miles (1.5 million kilometers) from Earth in January.
Managers declared Webb operational July 12.
The observatory is the largest space telescope ever built. Officials released the first science images from Webb in July, showing distant galaxies and dramatic
views of a star-forming nebula. In August, officials released Webb’s first science observations of Jupiter as part of the mission’s Early Release Science
program.
Webb carries four science instruments sensitive to the faint light from the distant universe. MIRI and the Near Infrared Spectrometer were developed in Europe,
the Near Infrared Camera comes from the United States, and the Near-Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph/Fine Guidance Sensor was provided by
Canada.
Aside from helping astronomers study the formation of stars, Webb is designed to peer back in time to see the first galaxies that formed in the universe some
13.6 billion years ago, 200 million years after the Big Bang. The telescope will also observe planets around other stars, revealing the chemical composition of
their atmospheres, and helping astronomers identify which worlds might be habitable.
Email the author.
Follow Stephen Clark on Twitter: @StephenClark1.

Video: Replay of Artemis 1 wet dress rehearsal, now with countdown audio
September 1, 2022 Spaceflight Now
<span data-mce-type="bookmark" style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;" class="mce_SELRES_start"></span>
More than two months after a practice countdown for the Artemis 1 launch, NASA has released audio from the launch team after gaining export control
clearance. The audio provides a sneak peek of what to expect on launch day.
In this footage, you can also see the Space Launch System core stage engines move as part of a pre-launch test at T-2 minutes, 30 seconds. For the first time in
history, the agency is restricting the news media’s access to audio and video from the launch control center for a civilian mission. NASA says it is withholding
access to the audio for export control reasons.
On launch day, we will only hear the final 15 minutes of the countdown. NASA has not explained why it is restricting access to video, like that seen during the
Apollo and Space Shuttle programs, other than saying the launch director will not authorize it. We’ve matched this audio to our video coverage of the Wet
Dress Rehearsal that occurred on June 20, 2022. The video includes long periods of silence.
The practice countdown ended with a cutoff at T-29 seconds. The launch team had originally planned to count down to about T-9 seconds but a problem with
the rocket’s hydrogen bleed system caused automated systems to stop the clock.
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Hear the Artemis 1 countdown rehearsal for the first time
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More than two months after a practice countdown for the Artemis 1 launch, NASA has released audio from the launch team after gaining export control
clearance. The audio provides a sneak peek of what to expect on launch day. In this footage, you can also see the Space Launch System core stage engines
move as part of a pre-launch test at T-2 minutes 30 seconds. For the first time in history, the agency is restricting the news media's access to audio and video
from the launch control center for a civilian mission. NASA says it is withholding access to the audio for export control reasons. On launch day we will only
hear the final 15 minutes of the countdown. It has not explained why it is restricting access to video, like that seen during the Apollo and Space Shuttle
programs, other than saying the launch director will not authorize it. We've matched this audio to our video coverage of the Wet Dress Rehearsal that occurred
on June 20, 2022, it does include long periods of silence. The practice countdown ended with a cutoff at T-29 seconds. The launch team had originally planned
to count down to about T-9 seconds but a problem with the rocket's hydrogen bleed system caused automated systems to stop the clock. This coverage is made
possible by the support of our members. Join this channel to help us expand our coverage and get access to perks: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoLd...
Ok connu vide infra
Video: Interview with former NASA astronaut Doug Hurley

September 1, 2022 Stephen Clark
<span data-mce-type="bookmark" style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;" class="mce_SELRES_start"></span>
Former NASA astronaut Doug Hurley visited with Spaceflight Now before the launch of the Artemis 1 lunar test flight. Hurley is a veteran of two space shuttle
missions and commanded the first piloted test flight of SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft in 2020. He is now a senior director of business development at
Northrop Grumman, supplier of the Space Launch System’s solid rocket boosters.
SpaceX closes out quartet of Starlink launches from Vandenberg
August 31, 2022 Stephen Clark
SpaceX’s Falcon 9 launches from Vandenberg Space Force Base on the Starlink 3-4 mission. Credit: SpaceX
SpaceX launched a Falcon 9 rocket with 46 more Starlink internet satellites overnight Wednesday from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California,
completing a quartet of rapid-fire polar orbit Starlink missions from the West Coast spaceport since mid-July.
The 229-foot-tall (70-meter) Falcon 9 rocket lifted off from Vandenberg Space Force Base at 10:40:10 p.m. PDT Tuesday (1:40:10 a.m. EDT Wednesday). The
rocket lit nine Merlin 1D engines to power away from Space Launch Complex 4-East at Vandenberg, a military spaceport about 140 miles (225 kilometers)
northwest of Los Angeles.
The kerosene-fueled engines generated 1.7 million pounds of thrust to propel the 1.2-million-pound launch vehicle off the pad. The Falcon 9 climbed through a
star-filled sky and head south from the West Coast spaceport, arcing over the Pacific Ocean bound for polar orbit.
The Falcon 9 surpassed the speed of sound in about one minute, then the first stage booster shut down and separated from the Falcon 9’s upper stage about two-
and-a-half minutes into the mission. The booster extended four titanium grid fins and reignited some of its engines to slow down for landing on a drone ship in
the Pacific a few hundred miles downrange from Vandenberg.
The booster, designated B1063, touched down on the drone ship “Of Course I Still Love You” to complete its seventh flight to space. Around the same time,
SpaceX confirmed the upper stage of the Falcon 9 shut off its engine after placing the Starlink satellites into a preliminary transfer orbit.
A restart of the upper stage engine about 45 minutes later maneuvered the 46 satellites into the proper orbit for deployment. Four retention rods separated from
the upper stage about 63 minutes into the mission, allowing the Starlink spacecraft to fly free of the rocket.
The Falcon 9 rocket’s guidance system targeted an orbital altitude between 190 miles and 199 miles (308-by-321 kilometers) at an inclination of 97.6 degrees
to the equator.
The mission was numbered Starlink 3-4, and was the 58th dedicated SpaceX launch for the Starlink internet network. It was the ninth SpaceX launch from
Vandenberg this year, and the company’s 39th launch of 2022 overall.
The 46 Starlink satellites will launch into one of five low Earth orbit “shells” in SpaceX’s internet constellation. SpaceX began launching dedicated missions
into one of the network two polar orbit shells last month. SpaceX has previously launched satellites into the other three shells at inclinations of 53.0 degrees,
53.2 degrees, and 70 degrees to the equator.
After separating from the Falcon 9, the Starlink satellites are expected to disperse and extend solar panels to begin generating electricity to recharge their
batteries. The satellites will go through an automated checkout and activation sequence, then use krypton-fueled ion thrusters to raise their altitude to 348 miles
(560 kilometers), where they will enter operational service in the Starlink network.
A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket streaks into the sky in this photo from Ventura, California. Credit: Gene Blevins / LA Daily News
The Starlink satellites each weigh more than a quarter-ton, and are built on SpaceX’s Starlink assembly line in Redmond, Washington. The spacecraft are fitted
with laser inter-satellite links to facilitate data transfers in orbit, without needing to relay signals through ground stations, which come with geographical, and
sometimes political, constraints. Laser crosslinks can also reduce latency in the Starlink network because signals need to travel a shorter distance.
SpaceX’s Starlink network provides low-latency broadband internet service to consumers around the world. The fleet is the largest constellation of satellites in
orbit, with 2,383 Starlink spacecraft currently in service, and 489 more satellites raising their orbits or drifting into their operational positions in the network,
according to a tabulation by Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist and expert tracker of spaceflight activity.
The 46 new satellites launched Wednesday brought the total number of Starlink spacecraft deployed to date to 3,208.
SpaceX’s Starlink 3-4 mission was the fourth straight launch from Vandenberg since July 10 to haul satellites into “Group 3” of the Starlink constellation. The
184 satellites launched on those four missions are enough to fill more than half of the slots in Group 3, which will eventually contain 348 satellites in polar
orbit.
The Starlink 3-2 mission aims to deploy 46 internet satellites into polar orbit. Credit: Spaceflight Now
SpaceX is expected to take a pause from Group 3 launches for at least the next few months.
The next Falcon 9 launch from Vandenberg is scheduled for late September carrying a tranche of small demonstration satellites for the U.S. military’s Space
Development Agency, which is developing a constellation of missile tracking and data relay spacecraft.
SpaceX’s next Falcon 9 launch from Cape Canaveral is scheduled for Sunday, Sept. 4, with a cluster of Starlink satellites heading for Group 4 in an orbit
inclined 53.2 degrees to the equator.
Email the author.
Follow Stephen Clark on Twitter: @StephenClark1.

NASA targets Saturday for next moon rocket launch attempt
August 30, 2022 William Harwood
STORY WRITTEN FOR CBS NEWS & USED WITH PERMISSION

NASA’s Space Launch System moon rocket on pad 39B at the Kennedy Space Center. Credit: NASA/Sam Lott
NASA will make a second attempt to launch the agency’s giant Space Launch System rocket Saturday on a delayed test flight to send an unpiloted Orion crew
capsule on a flight around the moon and back, a major milestone in the agency’s ambitious Artemis program.
Grounded Monday by trouble cooling one of the rocket’s four shuttle-era engines to the required pre-start temperature, managers said Tuesday engineers have
come up with a work-around and plan to start a fresh countdown at 4:07 p.m. EDT Thursday.
That will set the stage for blastoff on the Artemis 1 mission at 2:17 p.m. Saturday, one day later than NASA’s original backup launch date. As always, NASA
will have to work around the weather, with forecasters predicting a 60 percent chance of stormy conditions during the rocket’s two-hour launch window.
Mike Sarafin, chairman of NASA’s mission management team, said the core stage fueling procedure will be adjusted in an attempt to improve cooling to all
four RS-25 engines. In addition, fittings will be tightened around a fuel-line umbilical at the base of the rocket to improve sealing and prevent leaks like one
that briefly occurred Monday.
“We agreed on what was called ‘option 1,’ which was to operationally change the (fuel) loading procedure and start our engine chilldown earlier,” Sarafin said.
“We also agreed to do some work at the pad to address the leak that we saw at the hydrogen tail service mast umbilical.
“And we also agreed to move our launch date to Saturday. We are going to reconvene the Mission Management Team on Thursday to review our flight
rationale and our overall readiness.”
The 322-foot-tall 5.75-million-pound SLS is the most powerful rocket ever built by NASA, generating 8.8 million pounds of thrust at liftoff using four Aerojet
Rocketdyne RS-25 engines left over from the shuttle program and two Northrop Grumman solid rocket boosters attached to a Boeing-built core stage.
Accelerating to 70 mph — straight up — in just seven seconds, the the SRBs and the core stage will boost the Orion capsule, carrying instrumented test
dummies and a suite of sensors and experiments, into an elliptical orbit. The rocket’s upper stage, provided by United Launch Alliance, then will propel the
capsule out of Earth’s gravity and onto a trajectory to the moon.
After a close flyby, the capsule will whip around the moon and out into a distant orbit that will carry it farther from Earth than any human-rated spacecraft.
Then, after another lunar flyby, the ship will head back to Earth for splashdown in the Pacific Ocean west of San Diego on October 11.
The goal of the Artemis 1 mission is to put the SLS rocket and the Orion spacecraft through their paces, including a high-speed, high-temperature re-entry,
before launching four astronauts around the moon in late 2024. The first Artemis moon landing is planned for the 2025-26 timeframe.
Given the constantly changing positions of the Earth and moon, along with the rocket’s ability to reach the correct trajectory, NASA must launch the Artemis 1
mission within specific “windows.”
Complicating the picture, the battery used by the upper stage’s self-destruct system must be serviced after 25 days, and that can only be done back in NASA’s
Vehicle Assembly Building.
That means the Artemis 1 mission must get off the ground by Monday or the rocket will be hauled back to the VAB, delaying another launch attempt until late
September at the earliest or, more likely, to October.
The SLS rocket is the key to the Artemis program and NASA managers and engineers want to make sure it works as planned before launching astronauts to the
moon.
A full-duration eight-minute core stage engine test firing was carried out at the Stennis Space Center in Mississippi on March 18, 2021. The rocket then was
shipped to the Kennedy Space Center for launch processing.
NASA carried out a dress-rehearsal countdown and fueling test on April 3, a key milestone needed to make sure the rocket, launch pad and ground systems
work together as planned. But engineers ran into a series of mostly ground-system problems that prevented them from loading propellants,
Two more fueling attempts failed on April 4 and 14 due to a variety of unrelated problems. Engineers were finally able to fully load the core stage on June 20,
but only after a leaking quick-disconnect fitting was isolated that prevented the flow of hydrogen coolant to the core stage engines — a requirement for an
actual launch.
The quick-disconnect was repaired back in the Vehicle Assembly Building and the SLS rocket was rolled back out to pad 39B on August 16 to ready the
vehicle for launch.
During Monday’s launch attempt, the repaired quick-disconnect appeared to work normally. With the core stage tanks filled and topped off, liquid oxygen and
hydrogen began circulating through the engine plumbing to condition them to the ultra-low temperatures of the propellants.
But none of the engines reached the target temperature of -420 degrees Fahrenheit. Engines 1, 2 and 4 got to about -410 degrees while engine No. 3 only
reached about -380 degrees. During troubleshooting, engineers diverted all the hydrogen coolant to engine 3 and it still did not reach the planned operating
temperature.
John Honeycutt, manager of the SLS program at the Marshall Spaceflight Center, said engineers suspect a faulty sensor might be responsible for the readings
from engine 3. Pressure measurements and other data indicate good cooling.
“The way the sensor is behaving, it doesn’t line up with the physics of the situation,” he said. “And so we will be looking at all the other data that we have to
use it to make an informed decision whether or not we’ve got all the engines chilled down or not.”
By starting the chilldown procedure about 45 minutes earlier when the engines are near ambient temperatures, engineers believe they can manage to cool all
four engines as needed.
A similar procedure was used during the rocket’s test firing last year at the Stennis Space Center. In that case, the engines were properly cooled and started
normally for a full-duration “green run.”
“As of today, and based on the data that we’ve got, we think we can do something like what we did at the Stennis Space Center to put ourselves in a better
position for launch,” said Honeycutt.
As Sarafin said, the team will review all the data Thursday before giving final clearance to proceed with a launch attempt.
“The team is in the middle of poring through the data and building the flight rationale,” Honeycutt said. “I don’t have that just yet, but I do expect us to be able
to get there.”
News Headlines
Webb telescope eyes Phantom Galaxy with mid-infrared camera
September 1, 2022
Video: Replay of Artemis 1 wet dress rehearsal, now with countdown audio
September 1, 2022

Video: Interview with former NASA astronaut Doug Hurley
September 1, 2022
SpaceX closes out quartet of Starlink launches from Vandenberg
August 31, 2022
NASA targets Saturday for next moon rocket launch attempt
August 30, 2022

NSF
SpaceX nails 150th Falcon recovery attempt on Starlink Group 3-4
written by Trevor Sesnic August 31, 2022
SpaceX has launched another batch of Starlink satellites into orbit on their Starlink Group 3-4 mission. Launching from Space Launch Complex 4 East (SLC-
4E) at the Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, the Falcon 9 Block 5 lifted off at 10:40 PM PDT on Tuesday, August 30 (05:40 UTC on Wednesday,
August 31). This mission marked SpaceX’s 39th mission of 2022–a mission every 6.13 days.
Starlink Group 3-4 marks the 110th orbital launch of 2022, making SpaceX account for over a third of all orbital launches this year. Overall, this was Falcon 9’s
174th mission (173rd launch) and 111th launch with a flight-proven booster.
The Starlink Group 3-4 mission utilized SpaceX’s booster B1063-7. The -7 signifies that this is the seventh flight of this specific booster, having previously
supported Sentinel-6A, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), and four Starlink missions. The booster last supported the Starlink Group 3-1 mission,
which flew just 51 days ago.
Following stage separation the booster made a landing 640 km downrange on SpaceX’s Autonomous Spaceport Drone Ship (ASDS) Of Course I Still Love
You (OCISLY). This was SpaceX’s 150th Falcon recovery attempt and marked SpaceX’s 65th consecutive landing (a record) and 139th booster landing.
Inside Falcon 9’s 5.2-meter diameter payload fairing was 46 Starlink v1.5 satellites. These satellites will be deployed into a 321 x 307 km low-Earth polar orbit
at 97.66º. The satellites will then spend months raising their orbit to the operational 560 km circular orbit at 97.6º, also known as Starlink shell 3.
This shell consists of six orbital planes with 58 satellites in each plane, for a total of 348 satellites. Because of the small size of this shell, it is expected that it
will be filled in fewer than 10 Falcon 9 launches, and could be completed by the end of 2022.
See Also
 Starlink 3-4 Updates

 NSF Store
 L2 SpaceX Section
 Click here to Join L2
The Starlink v1.5 satellites have a compact flat-panel design, allowing for SpaceX to launch many at once. Each satellite has a mass of ~305 kg and is equipped
with an inter-satellite laser communication system, allowing for the satellites to communicate directly with one another, rather than going through ground
stations. This is required for the satellites in the polar shells due to the inability to build ground stations in those regions. The also allows for Starlink Maritime
— which is essentially Starlink for boats.
On August 25, 2022, SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and T-Mobile CEO Mike Sievert announced that the next generation Starlink satellites (called Starlink v2, and
will launch on SpaceX’s Starship launch vehicle) will be able to act as cell towers and communicate directly with most modern cellular devices.
Musk noted that each satellite will have 2-4 megabits per second of throughput per region, allowing each satellite to handle 1,000-2,000 calls at any one time,
or send millions of SMS text messages per second. While this will not enable global data connection on phones, it will allow communication with emergency
services and family members from anywhere in the world.
During this same press conference, Musk also noted that due to delays in the Starship program, SpaceX is looking into making “mini Starlink v2” satellites that
would launch on the Falcon 9. It is unknown if the aforementioned cell phone connectivity would also be on the mini version of these satellites, but it is
unlikely due to the large antennas needed for a satellite to “hear” the low-power signals from cell phones.
Starlink V1 satellites inside a Falcon 9 fairing. (Credit: SpaceX)
Falcon 9’s launch sequence starts at T-38 minutes when the launch director verifies that teams are go for propellant loading. Three minutes later, both stages
begin to be filled with chilled RP-1 (a refined form of kerosene) and the first stage begins being filled with super chilled Liquid Oxygen (LOX).
Fueling on the second stage is wrapped up at T-20 minutes when SpaceX then purges the Transporter/Erector (T/E) lines to prepare for second stage LOX
filling. This starts at T-16 minutes.
At T- seven minutes, the first stage flows a small amount of LOx through the turbo pump of the Merlin 1D engines to cool it ahead of full propellant flow at
engine ignition.
At T- one minute, the vehicle enters “startup,” which means that the automated launch sequence is handed over from the ground computers to the vehicle’s
onboard computer.
Three seconds before liftoff, the vehicle commands ignition of all nine Merlin 1D engines at the base of the first stage. By T-0.2 seconds the engines are at full
power, and the vehicle checks the health of all of the engines. Once all engines and the vehicle are confirmed to be nominal, it commands the hydraulic launch
clamps to release, allowing the vehicle to lift off from the pad.
The first stage burned for approximately two and a half minutes before separating from the second stage. At this point, the first stage performed two burns to
land on OCISLY (the entry burn and landing burn). Shortly after stage separation, the fairings were deployed from the Falcon 9 second stage. The fairings will
later be recovered downrange by SpaceX’s West coast recovery ship NRC Quest after re-entering Earth’s atmosphere.
Stage two burned for just under six minutes before cutting off. At this point, the stage coasted for ~45 minutes, before igniting again for less than two seconds.
After engine cutoff, the stage began to rotate end-over-end.
At T+ one hour, two minutes, and 57 seconds, the tension rods deployed from the Starlink stack. Due to the stage’s rotation, the satellites slowly drift away
from the vehicle and spread out. The satellites will spend the following hours deploying their solar arrays and communication dishes.
This was SpaceX’s final launch in August; however, SpaceX has several launches scheduled for September, including Starlink Group 4-20 (which will also
carry the Sherpa-LTC2 spacecraft), Starlink Group 4-2 (which will carry BlueWalker 3), and Transport and Tracking Layer (TTL).
(Lead image: Falcon 9 ascends to orbit from Vandenberg. Credit: SpaceX)

TWEETS @ 25h20
Tweets from @NASASpaceflight
Chris Bergin - NSF
@NASASpaceflight
·
55m
Replying to @NASASpaceflight
This NASA presser is superb! Really technical, especially with Dr. Blevins there. Very informative.
Chris Bergin - NSF Retweeted
Chris G - NSF
@ChrisG_NSF
·
1h
NASA saying Sunday (Sept 4) was not an option considered due to potential eclipse/power violation on Orion if the ICPS dropped them off with a lower
energy. AKA: Team did not consider Sunday for a launch attempt. #Artemis1
Nathan Barker
@NASA_Nerd
·
1h
Artemis I Update: Following today’s MMT Meeting, NASA is still targeting a launch attempt on Saturday, September 3rd. Launch window opens at 2:17 pm
EDT and will extend for 2 hours. Checkout L2 for updates: https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=54158.320
for @NASASpaceflight
Chris Bergin - NSF
@NASASpaceflight
·
1h
Replying to @NASASpaceflight
Engine 3 is INNOCENT (and always was). And so is the bleed system - apart from a naughty sensor.
Chris Bergin - NSF
@NASASpaceflight
·
1h
SLS update: Go for Saturday attempt. With some incremental risk acceptable on two items. Thermal conditioning of the engines, and the TPS crack at the
intertank flange. https://youtube.com/watch?v=21X5lGlDOfg
youtube.com
NASA Live: Official Stream of NASA TV
Brady Kenniston
@TheFavoritist
·
1h
Humans for scale. Photo for @NASASpaceflight. The next #Artemis press briefing is coming up in 30 minutes.
Chris Bergin - NSF
@NASASpaceflight
·
2h
SLS going for it on Saturday. Word of warning, they've got a lot of hurdles to pass to get deep into the count, and coming out of the T-9 minute hold is where
things get really sporty.
Quote Tweet
Eric Berger
@SciGuySpace
· 2h
So the information I had was wrong. MMT has just given the go to proceed with the Artemis I launch attempt on Saturday.
Chris Bergin - NSF
@NASASpaceflight
·
2h
Uh oh.
Quote Tweet
Eric Berger
@SciGuySpace
· 2h
Artemis I launch window on Sunday opens at 3:44 pm ET Launch window on Monday opens at 5:12 pm ET This might, uhhh, become relevant in the next hour
or so.
Show this thread
Chris Bergin - NSF
@NASASpaceflight
·
2h
Rocket Lab successfully test fires a Rutherford Engine that was launched on the 26th Electron mission ‘There And Back Again’ in May 2022 before it was
returned to Earth, caught by a helicopter and recovered at sea, and refurbished and successfully reused.
https://businesswire.com/news/home/20220901005843/en/Rocket-Lab-Successfully-Completes-First-Test-Fire-of-Reused-Rutherford-Engine
businesswire.com
Rocket Lab Successfully Completes First Test Fire of Reused Rutherford Engine

Julia Bergeron
@julia_bergeron
·
4h
Booster 1069 It's back in action Cue music: Break My Stride Views of this beauty on the @NASASpaceflight Fleetcam: http://nasaspaceflight.com/fleetcam
Jack Beyer
@thejackbeyer
·
6h
Space Launch System on the pad at LC-39B, waiting for its next launch attempt. First time messing with a tilt shift lens and I'm not disappointed with the
result. @NASASpaceflight Watch our SLS Stakeout livestream here: http://youtu.be/sLYCips7Kgs

Tyler Gray
@TylerG1998
·
7h
How about that? A direct look at an exoplanet, courtesy of the #JamesWebbSpaceTelescope! Some stats: the planet is 6-12 times more massive than
Jupiter, and is located 385 light-years from Earth. It’s also relatively young for a planet at 15-20 million years old.
Astra
@Astra
·
6h
Testing engines for our new launch system. #AdAstra
Nathan Barker
@NASA_Nerd
·
7h
Artemis stands ready for another attempt on Saturday at 2:17 pm EDT. Learn more about the journey to launch: https://nasaspaceflight.com/news/artemis/
for @NASASpaceflight
Chris Bergin - NSF
@NASASpaceflight
·
7h
Test Tank B7.1 is being tested right now. If it goes pop, that's fine. They often push test tanks way past their limits to get useful data on margins.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=mhJRzQsLZGg
Brady Kenniston
@TheFavoritist
·
7h
SLS inside the perimeter fence. Media had the opportunity to check on their cameras and prepare for reset prior to #Artemis1's next launch window, opening on
Saturday at 2:17pm Eastern. Photo for @NASASpaceflight SLS articles: https://nasaspaceflight.com/news/artemis/
Michael Baylor
@nextspaceflight
·
7h
SLS on the pad ahead of Saturday's Artemis I launch attempt. Window opens at 2:17 pm Eastern. Live views: https://youtu.be/sLYCips7Kgs
Chris Bergin - NSF
@NASASpaceflight
·
8h
NASA releases part of Launch Director loop audio from the SLS WDR in June. https://nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/audio/ksc-20220620-mh-lmm01-
artemis_i_wet_dress_rehearsal_launch_director_final_poll_audio_with_silences-won_3307743.mp3
NASA communications are fighting hard to release content, but it's a battle with Export Control. Overview - by Philip Sloss:
https://nasaspaceflight.com/2022/07/artemis-1-wdr-review/
nasaspaceflight.com
Artemis 1 launch team overcomes obstacles to complete WDR test objectives - NASASpaceFlight.com
Julia Bergeron
@julia_bergeron
·
8h
I heard it's officially pumpkin spice season now. NASA brought the pumpkin and I'll bring the spice. Guess who's all clear for coverage now??
VOIR PREDCEBDEBTS
SPACENEWS
UK releases military ‘space power’ doctrine
by Sandra Erwin — September 1, 2022
Gen. James Dickinson,

U.S. Space Command commander (right) and Air Vice Marshal Paul Godfrey, United Kingdom space command commander (left), sign a Memorandum of
Understanding between the United States and United Kingdom on April 6, 2022. Credit: U.S. Space Command
The UK military doctrine says space power is 'part of a wider, whole-of-government strategy'
WASHINGTON — The United Kingdom on Sept. 1 released “UK Space Power,” the military’s keystone doctrine publication focused on the space domain.
The 91-page public document lays out in broad terms the role of the UK military in protecting space from foreign threats and provides “a basis for
understanding the utility of the space domain in the military context,” the paper says.
A central message is that space is a global domain; and military, civil and commercial space activities are intertwined.
“Space power capabilities, or enabling capabilities in other operational domains, can contribute to deterrence but must form part of a wider, whole-of-
government strategy,” the document says.
“Space offers political choice through its ubiquity and pervasiveness but is not solely a military, or even state, endeavor,” says the doctrine. “Non-state actors
increasingly own a stake in the development and operation of capabilities. Partnerships with civil, industry, commercial and academic entities are therefore
essential to increase resilience, understand the progress of technology and develop further opportunities for deterrence.”
The document highlights the UK-US military space alliance. “As our pre-eminent national security partner, cooperation with the US is exceptionally close and
the relationship is critical to assure access to a host of space services,” the paper says. Additionally, UK military space experts are currently supporting US
space capabilities.
Other takeaways from the UK space doctrine:
 The blurring of the lines between civilian and military, government and commercial has drastically increased complexity in space. International
collaboration, licensing and commercial considerations make ownership, responsibility and liability (and thus attribution) far less clear.
 Technological advances, underpinned by increasingly widespread commercial or dual-use space capabilities, have imperceptibly permeated society and
popular culture to such an extent that they are now almost indispensable, but they are nonetheless taken almost completely for granted.
 The UK government considers space infrastructure and assets to be linked to critical national infrastructure, the loss or compromise of which would
result in major detrimental impact on the availability, delivery or integrity of essential services.
Spire to add ThrustMe propulsion to Lemur cubesats
by Debra Werner — September 1, 2022
ThrustMe has
delivered more than 20 iodine-fueled cold gas propulsion systems. Credit: ThrustMe
SAN FRANCISCO – Spire Global is adding propulsion to its multipurpose Lemur satellite constellation.
French startup ThrustMe announced plans Sept. 1 to provide seven I2T5 iodine cold gas propulsion systems for Spire three-unit cubesats scheduled to launch
later this year on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rideshare mission.
“Incorporating propulsion into our satellites will increase the capability of our constellation and safety of operations,” Jeroen Cappaert, Spire co-founder and
chief technology officer, said in a statement. “ThrustMe’s I2T5 unit has distinct advantages for Spire from a technical risk perspective. The small physical
volume and low power requirements are critical for 3U satellites.”
Spire operates a constellation of more than 100 Lemurs cubesats equipped with sensors to gather weather data, track ships and airplanes, and provide customers
with other space-based services. As electronic components shrink, Spire keeps packing additional sensors and other components into its satellites, which are
roughly the size of a bottle of wine.
ThrustMe has delivered more than 20 I2T5 propulsion systems to clients around the world. In July, ThrustMe unveiled plans for a 900-square-meter site to
manufacture 365 propulsion systems per year.
“It is particularly important for us to meet the needs of clients such as Spire, who have specific parameters for propulsion solutions,” Ane Aanesland, ThrustMe
co-founder and CEO, said in a statement. “We have designed and developed a system that provides sufficient in-orbit maneuverability for satellites with power
and volume constraints, so that they can perform essential and soon-to-be mandatory operations.”
Until recently, cubesat operators had few propulsion options. Now that several miniature thrusters have been flight proven, companies like Spire are ready to
begin using the thrusters to move satellites around in orbit and to help them to reenter Earth’s atmosphere when their missions conclude.
Due to concerns about orbital debris and space traffic, government agencies around the world are tightening regulations related to collision avoidance and
deorbit timelines.
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Commercial cubesatssmall satellite propulsionSpire GlobalstartupsThrustMe
Space Force building ground station in Alaska ahead of launch of Arctic

satcom mission
Secretary of the Air
Force Frank Kendall visits Clear Space Force Station, Alaska, Dec. 21, 2021. Credit: U.S. Air National Guard
Satellite terminals in Alaska will be the main connection to the new EPS-R payloads that will launch in 2023
WASHINGTON — The U.S. Space Force has started building a gateway site at Clear Space Force Station, Alaska, where it will operate two new polar
communications payloads scheduled to launch in 2023 on a Space Norway mission.
The Space Systems Command’s satellite communications office broke ground earlier this week to prepare the site to serve as a gateway for the Enhanced Polar
Systems-Recapitalization (EPS-R) payloads, the command said in a news release.
Satcom terminals at Clear will be the main connection to the new EPS-R payloads that will launch next year on Space Norway’s Arctic Satellite Broadband
Mission known as ASBM.
The EPS-R payloads, developed by Northrop Grumman, will fly to highly elliptical orbits on two ASBM satellites projected to launch on a SpaceX Falcon 9
rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base, California.
The EPS-R gateway segment is estimated to cost about $4 million. It also includes facilities at Naval Base Point Loma, and the Army’s Camp Roberts, in
California. It’s a joint project led by the Space Force, the Naval Information Warfare Center and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
The EPS-R are Extremely High Frequency Extended Data Rate payloads that will provide secure communications services for U.S. forces operating in the
north polar region. The ASBM mission includes communications payloads for the Norwegian Ministry of Defense and for British satellite operator Inmarsat.
The two EPS-R payloads will augment two existing Enhanced Polar Systems satellites also made by Northrop Grumman.
The project has been praised by U.S. defense officials as an example of international cooperation on space programs.
“The EPS-R system is crucial to multiple military services for warfighters in the polar region,” said 1st Lt. Timothy Phelps, EPS-R gateway and terminals team
lead.
Startups Scout and Privateer to collaborate on space-tracking technologies

Rendering of Earth's
orbit. Credit: Scout Space
Privateer and Scout are "looking into how we can best combine our capabilities"
WASHINGTON — Space-tracking startup Scout Space announced Sept. 1 it is partnering with Privateer Space, a new venture also focused on space situational
awareness services for satellite operators.
Scout is based in Alexandria, Virginia; Privateer is located in Maui, Hawaii.
“The collaboration is focused on integrating Scout’s systems architecture and data collection capabilities with Privateer’s data solutions,” the companies said in
a statement.
Privateer developed Wayfinder, a visualization tool to track satellites and debris in space that ingests data from commercial and government sources. “The two
companies plan to explore building out joint offerings that further enhance their respective datasets on space objects and events,” said the statement.
Eric Ingram, co-founder and CEO of Scout, said the collaboration is “in the initial stages and we’re looking into how we can best combine our capabilities.
There could very well be joint products in the future, but we are at the early stages of that process.”
Scout developed a sensing payload that uses machine vision technology for in-space navigation and surveillance. The first one launched in June 2021 on an
Orbit Fab’s on-orbit refueling spacecraft and is currently in operation.
“We are working towards our own satellites for space situational awareness,” said Ingram. The company designed a space-sensing cubesat known as OVER-Sat
expected to launch before the end of 2023.
“We are excited to collaborate with Scout to advance our product capabilities to better track debris and enable sustainable growth for the new space economy,”
said Travis Blake, chief commercial officer of Privateer, a venture founded by Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, Ripcord CEO Alex Fielding, and University
of Texas-Austin professor Moriba Jah.
Startup OQ Technology raises $13 million to expand satellite IoT network

by Jason Rainbow — September 1, 2022
OQ Technology is
developing a business that would connect 5G devices in remote and rural areas to satellites. Credit: OQ Technology
TAMPA, Fla. — Luxembourg startup OQ Technology said Sept. 1 it has raised about $13 million for its planned satellite constellation to connect internet of
things (IoT) devices.
The Series A funding round was co-led by Saudi oil and gas company Aramco’s venture capital arm and a fund managed by Greek early-stage investor 5G
Ventures.
OQ and CEO Omar Qaise said proceeds would fund future satellites and help the company expand internationally, particularly across Luxembourg, Saudi
Arabia, and Greece.
The startup has two demonstration satellites in orbit, which Qaise said have been showing potential customers how its technology is compatible with devices
operating under 5G protocols.
“We have some MoUs with these customers,” Qaise said, and “are in a stage right now to … clear the formalities for commercial contracts and procurement.”
He said Arianespace is set to launch OQ’s first fully commercial satellite as part of its next Vega C mission, which was slated for November but is now
targeting December through January.
All three of OQ’s initial satellites were built by Lithuania-based NanoAvionics.
They are part of slightly more than seven “Batch one” satellites, each the size of six cubesats, that OQ expects to have deployed by the end of 2023 to improve
revisit rates.
The startup’s fundraising fully covers Batch one deployment, Qaise said, which would enable its constellation to visit the same area more than twice a day to
relay data — depending on the region.
OQ has already reserved slots for launches next year, he added, and has plans for more than 60 spacecraft in total.
OQ also announced plans Sept. 1 for a subsidiary in Athens, Greece, and another in Al Khobar in Saudi Arabia as part of its expansion plans.
The startup said its Saudi unit would host one of the Middle East’s largest 5G data and network operations centers. It will focus on engaging with large oil and
gas companies in the region, which could use OQ’s network to monitor facilities without terrestrial connectivity.
The Greek subsidiary would be located within incubator facilities under the Athena Research Centre, which also hosts the Hellenic Space Technologies and
Applications Cluster.
Firefly hires new CEO ahead of second launch

by Jeff Foust — September 1, 2022
Firefly is gearing up
for a second launch of its Alpha rocket on Sept. 11 after conducting a static-fire test of the vehicle in August. Credit: Firefly Aerospace
TITUSVILLE, Fla. — Firefly Aerospace has hired an executive with extensive experience in aerospace and defense as its next CEO as the company gears up
for its second orbital launch attempt.
Firefly announced Sept. 1 that it hired Bill Weber as its new chief executive, effective immediately. Weber takes over from Peter Schumacher, a partner at
majority owner AE Industrial Partners (AEI) who had served as interim chief executive since mid-June, when co-founder Tom Markusic stepped down as chief
executive.
Weber was previously president and chief executive of KeyW Corporation, a cyberspace operations and geospatial intelligence company serving the national
security community. Jacobs acquired KeyW in 2019 for $815 million.
Before KeyW, he was an executive at several other companies supporting the federal government in national security and diplomacy, including XLA, Kaseman
and GTSI Corporation. He also was a founding partner of First Light Acquisition Corporation, a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) seeking to merge
with a company in the aerospace and defense markets.
“Bill is a proven leader with an impressive record of helping companies successfully navigate change, making him the clear choice to lead Firefly during this
transitional growth period,” Schumacher said in a statement. “His deep experience and strong relationships across many areas of the aerospace and defense
landscape will be invaluable as Firefly transitions to full-rate production across its portfolio of products.”
Bill Weber, CEO of Firefly Aerospace. Credit: Buchanan-Edwards
“This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to lead a company on the forefront of critical, leading-edge space transportation solutions,” Weber said in the
statement. “I look forward to collaborating with the Firefly and AEI teams at this critical juncture in the company’s development.”
The hiring of Weber comes as Firefly gears up for its second attempt to launch its Alpha rocket. The company announced Aug. 17 that, after completing a
static-fire test of the rocket’s first stage, it was planning a launch for Sept. 11 from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. The “To the Black” mission,
scheduled for liftoff at 6 p.m. Eastern, will carry several cubesats to deploy into low Earth orbit.
The launch will come a little more than a year after the failed inaugural Alpha launch, also from Vandenberg. In that launch, one of four engines in the rocket’s
first stage shut down 15 seconds into flight because of a faulty electrical connection. Range safety terminated the flight about two and a half minutes after
liftoff.
In addition to its Alpha launch vehicle, Firefly announced Aug. 8 an agreement with Northrop Grumman to partner on a new version of the Antares rocket. The
Antares 330 will use a new first stage provided by Firefly, replacing the existing Antares first stage built in Ukraine and using Russian engines. The first
Antares 330 launch is scheduled for as soon as 2024.
Firefly is also continuing development of its Blue Ghost lunar lander, part of NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program. Will Coogan,
chief engineer for the lander at Firefly, said at an Aug. 24 meeting the Lunar Exploration Analysis Group that the company has 50 people working fulltime on
Blue Ghost for a 2024 mission to Mare Crisium.
NASA and SpaceX finalize extension of commercial crew contract

by Jeff Foust — September 1, 2022
NASA will add $1.44

billion to an existing SpaceX commercial crew contract for five more Crew Dragon missions to the ISS. Credit: NASA
TITUSVILLE, Fla. — NASA announced Aug. 31 that it has extended its commercial crew contract with SpaceX, adding five missions for more than $1.4
billion.
The award of the five missions, designated Crew-10 through Crew-14, came after NASA announced its plans in a procurement notice June 1 to add the
missions to SpaceX’s existing Commercial Crew Transportation Capabilities (CCtCap) contract.
The extension has a value of $1.44 billion, or $288 million per mission to the International Space Station. It comes after an extension in February that added
three flights to the contract, Crew-7 through Crew-9, for $776 million or $258.7 million per flight. The total value of SpaceX’s CCtCap contract, awarded in
2014 to complete development and testing of Crew Dragon followed by six operational missions, is now $4.93 billion.
NASA said in a statement that the contract extension “allows NASA to maintain an uninterrupted U.S. capability for human access to the space station until
2030.” That comes from the combination of SpaceX’s extended CCtCap contract along with Boeing’s own CCtCap contract for six flights of its CST-100
Starliner commercial crew vehicle.
NASA officials have previously stated that, once Starliner is certified to carry NASA astronauts, they will alternate between Starliner and Crew Dragon
missions to the ISS. That would start with the first operational Starliner mission in the fall of 2023, assuming a successful crewed test flight of Starliner now
scheduled for no earlier than February.
The next SpaceX commercial crew mission, Crew-5, had been scheduled for early September but was delayed in July when the Falcon 9 booster that will
launch the mission was damaged during transport from California to Texas for testing. That mission, carrying NASA astronauts Nicole Mann and Josh Cassada,
JAXA astronaut Koichi Wakata and Roscosmos cosmonaut Anna Kikina, is now scheduled for launch Oct. 3.
Intelsat’s Galaxy 15 mutes payload as it drifts into other satellite paths

by Jason Rainbow — August 31, 2022
Intelsat says high
space weather activity likely knocked out onboard electronics needed to communicate with Galaxy 15 and keep it locked in its GEO orbital position. Image
credit: NASA
TAMPA, Fla. — Intelsat said the Galaxy 15 broadcast satellite that stopped responding to commands earlier this month shut down its payload Aug. 31,
reducing the risk of interfering with signals from other spacecraft.
However, Galaxy 15 continues to drift out of its geostationary orbit slot at 133 degrees West, and “will soon begin transiting through orbital locations licensed
for other satellites,” an Intelsat spokesperson said.
“Intelsat is working closely with impacted operators to minimize the impact of these transients,” the spokesperson said via email.
“With the payload muted, the focus of this coordination ensures ‘fly-by’ procedures are coordinated so that the spacecraft avoid a physical collision. This is a
normal part of spacecraft operations that is regularly executed and poses minimal risk.”
Intelsat said it has successfully moved all customers from Galaxy 15 to its Galaxy 23 satellite as part of the company’s in-orbit protection program.
SpaceX is slated to launch Galaxy 33, Galaxy 15’s replacement, “on or about Oct. 8, 2022,” the spokesperson added.
The operator expects to move customers from Galaxy 23 to Galaxy 33 once that satellite enters service in November.
Galaxy 33 is one of two satellites Intelsat ordered in 2020 from Northrop Grumman as part of efforts to vacate C-band spectrum in the United States.
Intelsat said the anomaly on Galaxy 15, which carries 24 C-band transponders serving media customers in North America, will have no impact on the overall
timeline for meeting regulatory deadlines for clearing C-band.
The company is in line for nearly $5 billion in total from the Federal Communications Commission if it meets the regulator’s final December 2023 spectrum
clearing deadline.
Galaxy 15 also has an L-band payload that is no longer in use. Launched in 2005, the satellite was built by Orbital Sciences Corp., now part of Northrop
Grumman.
Intelsat said Aug. 19 that it had lost the ability to command Galaxy 15 after the satellite was likely hit by a geomagnetic storm that knocked out onboard
electronics.
AIR & COSMOS
Espace
© NASA
01/09/2022 12:16 | Pierre-François Mouriaux 293 mots
La Nasa commande à SpaceX cinq nouveaux vaisseaux Crew Dragon

L’agence spatiale américaine vient de passer commande de cinq nouvelles missions d’envoi d’astronautes vers la Station spatiale internationale.
Le Commercial Crew Program
Après avoir décidé en 2004 qu’elle allait stopper son programme de navette spatiale (qui a tiré sa révérence en juillet 2011), la Nasa s’est tournée vers
l’industrie américaine pour lui déléguer une partie de ses activités habitées sur orbite basse.
En particulier, dans le cadre de ce qui est devenu le Commercial Crew Program (Programme d'équipage commercial), elle a confié à deux sociétés privées,
Boeing et SpaceX, l’envoi d’équipages vers la Station spatiale internationale à l’aide de nouvelles capsules.
Boeing a de son côté développé le vaisseau Starliner CST-100, dont le premier vol habité se fait toujours attendre.
SpaceX pour sa part a développé le Crew Dragon, qui effectue actuellement son quatrième vol habité opérationnel pour le compte de la Nasa (mission Crew
4 / Minerva), après un vol habité de qualification en mai-août 2020 (mission Demo 2).
Sachant que SpaceX a également mené la mission privée Inspiration4 en septembre 2020, en dehors du programme ISS, puis le vol privé Axiom 1 en avril
dernier, en dehors du Commercial Crew Program.
Et de cinq qui font quatorze
Jusqu’à présent, la Nasa avait passé commande de neuf missions Crew Dragon à SpaceX (Crew 1 à 9), soit l’envoi de 36 astronautes vers l’ISS.
Le 31 août, l’agence spatiale américaine a annoncé qu’elle achetait cinq nouvelles missions Crew Dragon (Crew 10 à 14), soit 20 sièges supplémentaires, qui
permettront d’assurer des rotations d’équipages jusqu’à l’horizon 2030.
Le nouveau contrat s’élève à un peu plus de 1,436 milliard de dollars, soit environ 287,3 millions le vol ou 71,8 millions le siège (on se rappelle que les derniers
vols d’astronautes américains sur des vaisseaux Soyouz russes étaient facturés plus de 90 millions de dollars par Roscosmos).
Le coût total des quatorze missions Crew Dragon atteint ainsi un peu plus de 4,927 milliards de dollars.
Espace
© KARI
01/09/2022 09:00 | Philippe Varnoteaux 1045 mots
Il y a 30 ans, les Sud-Coréens faisaient leur premier pas dans l’espace (1/2)
A l’été 1992, une Ariane lançait Kitsat 1, surnommé Uribyol (« Notre étoile »), le premier satellite artificiel de la Corée du sud.
Partie 1 – Des origines aux premiers acteurs
Traumatisées par la guerre d’invasion nord-coréenne communiste (1950-53), les autorités sud-coréennes n’ont eu de cesse de vouloir acquérir et maîtriser tout
système d’arme leur permettant d’assurer la sécurité du territoire, à commencer par les engins-fusées.

Les premières études de fusée
Dans un premier temps, malgré la protection américaine, le premier président Syngman Rhee (1948-1960) souhaite que son pays acquiert les éléments de base
scientifique et technologique nécessaire à la réalisation de missiles guidés. Pour cela, il met en place en 1956 le National Defense Scientific Research Institute
(NDSRI) et dont les spécialistes, motivés par les premiers Spoutnik soviétiques, mettent au point en 1958 les premières fusées sud-coréennes (à propergol
solide) à un (005-ho), deux (67-ho) et même trois étages (556-ho). Cette dernière, d’une longueur de 3,1 m, vole jusqu’à une distance de 81 km à l’altitude
maximale de 42 km (avec une charge utile de 1,2 kg). Fort de ce succès, le NDSRI envisage construire des fusées à propergols liquides. Cependant, à partir
d’avril 1960, le pays s’enfonce dans une crise politique aboutissant au coup d’état du 16 mai 1961 de Park Chung-he. Le nouvel homme fort donne alors la
priorité au développement industriel de son pays afin de rattraper le retard par rapport au Nord. Les Américains soutiennent l’initiative mais à la condition que
la Corée reste dépendante des Etats-Unis au niveau militaire. Le NDSRI est sacrifié…
A la fin des années 60, Park Chung-he se met à douter de la fiabilité de l’allié américain en cas d’un nouveau conflit, d’autant plus que l’aide militaire risque de
diminuer. Cela l’amène à mettre notamment en place le 6 août 1970 l’Agence de développement de la Défense (ADD), pour engager des recherches devant
aboutir à de nouveaux systèmes d’arme, équipements et matériels. Un programme de missile sol-sol est lancé en utilisant des technologies américaines
(propulseurs, systèmes de guidage, etc.). Si les travaux aboutissent en 1978 au missile NHK-1 / Paekkom, ceux-ci jettent également les bases industrielles et
technologiques fort utiles lors du développement des fusées-sondes et même du premier lanceur national une vingtaine d’années plus tard…
Priorité au développement économique
L’action de Park Chung-hee ne se cantonne pas seulement à la modernisation des armées. Tout au long de sa présidence autoritaire (1962-79), il contribue à
transformer la Corée du sud en un nouveau pays industrialisé. Il soutient l’essor de chaebols et de pôles de haute technologie, comme la Daedeok Science Town
(aujourd’hui Daedeok Innopolis). Situé à 150 km au sud de Séoul, ce pôle regroupe de nombreux laboratoires privés et instituts de recherche d’Etat, comme
celui du Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (Kaist) – l’une des plus importantes universités sud-coréennes.
Après l’assassinat de Park Chung-he en 1979, Chun Doohwan prend le pouvoir par un coup d’état. Le nouvel homme fort décide la suspension des programmes
de missile de l’ADD pour ne pas nuire aux relations américano-sud-coréennes, paralysant momentanément les études de fusée. Toutefois, à la fin des années
80, face à l’évolution de la politique américaine - qui envisage de se désengager de la Corée - et à la menace terroriste nord-coréenne, l’ADD est remise en
place (1988).
1987, un tournant dans le spatial sud-coréen
Jusqu’alors ne prime que la sécurité nationale avec l’éventuel développement de missiles. Mais, lors de l’attribution en 1981 des Jeux olympiques à Séoul (pour
1988), l’idée d’avoir des satellites de communication pour la diffusion des jeux apparaît indispensable. N’ayant cependant ni les moyens technologiques, ni le
budget, la Corée du sud est contrainte de louer des satellites au consortium Intelsat… Cette frustration fait bouger les lignes et le spatial devient un enjeu. Ainsi,
en décembre 1987, le gouvernement fait passer une loi pour favoriser les initiatives en faveur du développement des technologies spatiales. Trois acteurs
émergent et vont jouer un rôle clé dans l’essor du spatial sud-coréen : l’institut de recherche Kari, l’entreprise industrielle Korean Telecom (KT), et l’université
du Kaist.
Premiers acteurs, premiers programmes
En novembre 1988, le ministre de la Science et de la Technologie propose la création d’une agence aérospatiale : le Korean Aerospace Research Institute
(Kari). Si les études militaires restent à l'ADD, les activités aérospatiales civiles sont confiées au Kari, fondé le 10 octobre 1989. Le président Roh Tae-woo,
partisan d’un spatial national, déclare : « J'espère que nous pourrons fabriquer un satellite de nos mains et le lancer entre nos mains au cours de ce siècle. »
L’objectif premier du Kari est ainsi de créer un environnement favorable au développement d’industries aérospatiales nationales. Concernant le spatial, il s’agit
de faire émerger des applications, notamment dans le domaine de l’observation de la Terre, de réaliser les premiers satellites scientifiques et technologiques,
mais aussi des fusées-sondes pour acquérir un savoir-faire permettant ensuite de construire un lanceur afin d’assurer à la Corée du sud son indépendance en
matière de libre accès à l’espace. Quant à l’entreprise KT, elle est chargée du développement du premier satellite de télécommunication (Koreasat), en
coopération avec les Américains qui fournissent le bus (par Martin Marietta / Lockheed Martin) et le lancement (par un Delta 7925 le 5 août 1995).
Toutefois, les débuts du Kari sont difficiles. Au niveau du satellite scientifique, celui-ci doit faire face à une autre proposition qui obtient l’approbation du
gouvernement : créé quelques mois avant le Kari à l’initiative des scientifiques du Kaist, le Satellite Technology Research Center (SaTRreC) formule l’idée de
commencer par envoyer à l’étranger des ingénieurs en sciences spatiales et ingénierie pour parfaire leur formation, afin de réaliser à moindre coût des petits
satellites scientifiques et technologiques devant utiliser des composants miniaturisés (projet Kitsat). Quant au Kari, en lieu et place des satellites scientifiques, il
devra se concentrer sur la réalisation du premier satellite d’observation de la Terre (Kompsat).
(A suivre)
Quelques références
- Un ouvrage général : Emerging space powers : The New Space programs of Asia, the Middle East and South America, Brian Harvey, Henk H. F. Smid,
Theo Pirard, Springer Paxis, 2010.
- Une étude : National Aspirations, Imagined Futures, and Space Exploration: the Origin and Development of Korean Space Program 1958-2013, de Hyoung
Joon An, Georgia Institute of Technology, décembre 2015.

Philippe Varnoteaux est docteur en histoire, spécialiste des débuts de l’exploration spatiale en France et auteur de plusieurs ouvrages de référence
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After 45 years in space, the Voyager probes are just starting out
Tom Metcalfe
Tue, August 30, 2022 at 10:11 PM
As much of the space community’s attention remains focused on the delayed Artemis rocket launch and the return to the moon, two relics of the Space Age
continue to make their way across the void between the stars, sending back valuable information to scientists on Earth.
The Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 space probes launched 45 years ago, the first on Aug. 20, 1977 and the second on Sept. 5, and they are now the farthest human-
made objects from Earth, at about three times the distance of Pluto from the Sun.
Measurements indicate both probes left the interstellar bubble of our solar system a few years ago. But they’re getting old, and so engineers have been
progressively shutting down their systems in the hope that their fading batteries can provide enough power for just a few more years. After that, the probes will
shut down completely, and could coast through space forever.
“The two Voyagers have become our first interstellar travelers, sending back information about a place that we’ve never visited before,” said Linda Spilker,
NASA’s deputy project scientist on the Voyager missions at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.
Image: Sounds of Earth record (NASA / AP)
It now takes about 22 hours for radio signals from Earth to cover the more than 15 billion miles to Voyager 1, the farthest probe, and another 22 hours to
receive its reply. Spilker, who’s worked on the probes since the first launch in 1977, said that keeping contact with them has been a monumental effort using the
largest radio telescopes of the Deep Space Network, which NASA uses to relay commands to its spacecraft.
The Voyagers were a big deal when they launched at the height of the Space Age. Their main purpose was to make the first explorations of the solar system’s
gas giants and their moons — Jupiter and Saturn by both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 in 1979 and 1981, and Uranus and Neptune by Voyager 2 in 1986 and 1989,
respectively.
The high-resolution color photographs they took and the data they recorded are still crucial to scientific studies today. Their final photo was the Pale Blue Dot,
a portrait of the solar system taken by Voyager 1 in 1990, at about 6 billion miles away from Earth.
After their dramatic planetary fly-bys, however, the Voyager probes began a quieter phase of their journey, heading for the very edges of our solar system and
beyond. Onboard instruments that measure charged particles in space indicate Voyager 1 left the protective bubble of particles emitted by the sun in 2012,
while Voyager 2 left it in 2018. That means that both probes are now technically in interstellar space — between stars — and yet they are still sending back
vital data from their onboard instruments, Spilker said.
Image: Voyager (NASA/JPL-Caltech)

Where the Voyager probes have led, others will follow. A panel to set the nation’s scientific priorities for the next 10 years is considering a proposal for a $3.1
billion Interstellar Probe (IP) that could reach the Voyagers’ current location in as little as 15 years. If it’s approved in 2024, the probe could be launched by
2036.
Ralph McNutt, who heads space science at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Maryland, has worked on the Voyager missions for his
entire career. He witnessed the Voyager 1 launch in September 1977, and he’s now a leader of the IP project.
“We can get to a speed of about twice that of Voyager 1, and get about twice as far before the Interstellar Probe runs out of power,” he said.
The newer probe would be much more capable than the Voyagers, which were built with 45-year-old technology, and the project’s planners now have a much
better idea of what’s possible and what to expect on the journey.
The key transmitter on the new probe and its instruments, including magnetometers and spectrometers, would be many times more powerful than their 1977
equivalents. And the IP could also visit some of the mysterious Kuiper Belt objects in the outer reaches of the solar system, which are thought to be the origins
of some comets, McNutt said.
Image: Jupiter's Great Red Spot (NASA/JPL)
Image: Voyager 2 (NASA / JPL)
Until the Interstellar Probe gets the green light, however, the Voyagers will be humanity’s foremost representatives in interstellar space. In about 40,000 years,
Voyager 1 will get relatively close to another star in the constellation Camelopardalis, while Voyager 2 will near a star in the constellation of Andromeda on its
way to the giant star Sirius, which it will reach in roughly 300,000 years.
Long before then, however — in as little as 10 years — both Voyager probes will completely run out of power, Spilker said. Each probe is powered by
plutonium batteries, but they’ve already started to weaken, and every few months NASA engineers order the probes to shut down a few more of their onboard
systems. Their hope is that they can eke enough power out of the batteries so some of the instruments can keep working, at least until the 50th anniversary of
the twin launches in 2027.
After that, who knows?
“Fingers crossed, if everything goes as planned, we could get to the 2030s,” she said.
Whenever their power does finally run out, the Voyager probes will serve as “silent ambassadors” to the stars, Spilker said. Each probe is carrying a record,
imprinted on gold, of sounds on Earth, including a baby’s cry, a whale’s song, music by Mozart and Chuck Berry, and greetings in 55 different languages.
“Maybe some other civilization will find them, and will want to know more about the Earth,” Spilker said.
This article was originally published on NBCNews.com
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The Artemis Interviews: Former NASA astronaut Doug Hurley
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Former NASA astronaut Doug Hurley speaks to Spaceflight Now's Stephen Clark ahead of the inaugural flight of the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and
the Orion deep-space capsule on the Artemis 1 mission. Hurley is a veteran of two space shuttle missions and commanded the first piloted flight of SpaceX's
Crew Dragon capsule to the International Space Station. Hurley is now senior director of business development for Northrop Grumman, which built the solid
rocket boosters for the SLS rocket. The interview was recorded on Aug. 27, 2022 when the Artemis 1 mission was scheduled for launch on Monday, Aug. 29.
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Excellent interview Stephen, Doug is such a great guy
Voyager at 45: NASA’s Longest and Farthest Explorers (Live Q&A)
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NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

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Launched in 1977, the twin Voyager probes are NASA’s longest-operating mission and the only spacecraft ever to explore interstellar space. For two decades
after launch, the spacecraft were planetary explorers, giving us up-close views of the gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Now, as they reach
distances far beyond the hopes of their original designers, the aging spacecraft challenge their team in new ways, requiring creative solutions to keep them
operating and sending back science data from the space between the stars. As we celebrate the 45th anniversary of these epic explorers, join Voyager deputy
project scientist Linda Spilker and propulsion engineer Todd Barber for a live Q&A.
SpaceX Booster 7 Conducts Multi-Engine Static Fire
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NASASpaceflight
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SpaceX is testing the Raptor engines on Ship 24 and Booster 7. The objectives of the test have not been officially confirmed. If you are interested in using
footage captured by this stream, please review our content use policy: https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/conte...
Booster 7 Multi Engine Static Fire | SpaceX Boca Chica
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31 août 2022
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NASASpaceflight
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Booster 7 conducted the first multi-engine static fire on the Orbital Launch Mount. It appeared to be a 5 or 6 second firing. Video from Starbase Live. Edited by
Jack (@theJackBeyer). All content copyright to NSF. Not to be used elsewhere without explicit permission from NSF. Click "Join" for access to early fast
turnaround clips, exclusive discord access with the NSF team, etc - to support the channel. Rolling Updates and Discussion:
https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/ind... Articles: https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/?s=St... NSF Store: https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/shop/ L2 Boca Chica
(more clips and photos) from BC's very early days to today. https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/ind... (Join L2 and support NSF here:
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Booster 7 Multi Raptor Static Fire - Four Camera View
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1 sept. 2022
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LabPadre
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A four camera view as SpaceX appears to attempt a three engine static fire on Booster 7 today. It looks as if only two raptors lit up for a six second burn.
Predator cam blanks out for a few seconds as it is overwhelmed with heat. Minutes after the static fire Zeus walks the perimeter scanning for danger. Special
thanks to our Patreon Royalty Members: Tim Dodd, Robert Castle, Marcus House, Matt Lowne, Eric Beavers, and Ureal Patch. All images are explicitly owned
by LabPadre Media and may not be used without written consent.
Replay: lancement SLS/Orion Artemis 1 vers la Lune (REPORT)
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Techniques Spatiales
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Vous aussi devenez membre de la chaine avec un abonnement de soutien: https://www.youtube.com/c/TechniquesS... Décollage prévu le 29 août à 14h33
(heure de Paris) pour la majestueuse fusée SLS pour son vol inaugural vers la Lune. Vous vous doutez qu'il y aura beaucoup, beaucoup de choses à discuter
pour ce lancement. Vous pouvez aussi me joindre sur Twitter: https://twitter.com/TechSpatiales Liens utiles: https://metiers-du-spatial.com et www.formations-
spatiales.fr
EXPEDITION 68 SPACE STATION CREW UNDERGOES FINAL
TRAINING
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NASA Video
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Soyuz Commander Sergey Prokopyev and Flight Engineer Dmitri Petelin of Roscosmos and NASA Flight Engineer Frank Rubio, along with Crew-5 crew
member Anna Kikina of Roscosmos, conducted final qualification training Aug. 30 and 31 at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia, for
their upcoming International Space Station mission. Their backups, cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko and Nikolai Chub of Roscosmos and astronaut Loral O’Hara
of NASA, joined them for the training sessions. Prokopyev, Petelin, and Rubio are scheduled to launch Wednesday, Sept. 21, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome
in Kazakhstan in the Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft for a six-month mission on the International Space Station. Join NASA as we go forward to the Moon and on to
Mars -- discover the latest on Earth, the Solar System and beyond with a weekly update in your inbox. Subscribe at: www.nasa.gov/subscribe
EN COURS 24h18 :
#Artemis
Artemis I Prelaunch Briefing with Mission Managers

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NASA Video
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At 6 p.m. EDT (22:00 UTC), Thursday., Sept. 1, #Artemis mission managers from around the agency provide a prelaunch briefing about the flight test to the
Moon, currently targeted for Saturday, Sept. 3. Participants are: Mike Sarafin, Artemis mission manager, NASA Headquarters Charlie Blackwell-Thompson,
Artemis launch director, Exploration Ground Systems Program, Kennedy John Honeycutt, SLS program manager, NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center
Melody Lovin, weather officer, Space Launch Delta 45 During the Artemis I flight test, an uncrewed Orion spacecraft will lift off aboard the Space Launch
System (SLS) rocket, and travel 280,000 miles (450,000 km) from Earth and 40,000 miles (64,000 km) beyond the far side of the Moon, carrying science and
technology payloads to expand our understanding of lunar science, technology developments, and deep space radiation. This mission will pave the way for a
crewed flight test and future human lunar exploration as part of Artemis.
A VOIR ok lendemain
Shenzhou-14 astronauts begin first spacewalk
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SciNews
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According to the China National Space Administration (CNSA), the first extravehicular activity of the Shenzhou-14 mission began on 1 September 2022. At
10:26 UTC (18:26 China Standard Time), astronaut Chen Dong (陈冬, commander) successfully opened the airlock of the Wentian Laboratory Module (问天
实验舱). By 11:09 UTC (19:09 China Standard Time), astronaut Chen Dong and astronaut Liu Yang (刘洋) successfully exited the Wentian Laboratory
Module and began the planned activities. Credit: China National Space Administration (CNSA)/China Central Television (CCTV)
Rice grows in the Wentian Laboratory Module
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SciNews
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According to the China National Space Administration (CNSA) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the experimental samples of Arabidopsis
(rockcress) and Oryza (rice) seeds have grown well in the Wentian Laboratory Module of the China Space Station (CSS). The Shenzhou-14 (神舟十四号)
crew, astronauts Chen Dong (陈冬, commander), Liu Yang (刘洋) and Cai Xuzhe (蔡旭哲), are on a six-month mission on the China Space Station (中国空间
站), currently including the Wentian Laboratory Module (问天实验舱) and the Tianhe Core Module (天和核心舱). Credit: China National Space
Administration (CNSA)/China Central Television (CCTV) Plant Growth Experiments in the Wentian Laboratory Module
Artemis I launch explained
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NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) will launch the Orion capsule on the Artemis I mission to the Moon. Judd Frieling, Artemis I ascent and entry flight
director, explains the launch events. Credit: NASA
Artemis I mission overview
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27 août 2022
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SciNews
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The Artemis I mission to the Moon presented by Mike Sarafin, Artemis I mission manager. Artemis I is currently scheduled for launch on 29 August 2022, at
12:33 UTC (08:33 EDT). Credit: NASA
13 commentaires
Ajouter un commentaire public en tant que Michel Ries
Utku Erkan
il y a 5 jours
All the best to NASA/ESA with the Artemis 1 test launch, I hope it would be successful mission to the lunar orbit & back to earth. I ambition/support future
missions to be successful with eventually humans permenantly residing on lunar/mars+ surface. :o))
#china #space #astronaut
Taikonauts carry out extravehicular missions in space

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CGTN
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For more: https://news.cgtn.com/news/2022-09-01... Taikonauts Chen Dong and Liu Yang are carrying out extravehicular missions after successfully exiting
the Wentian lab module in space. At present, the two taikonauts have completed the installation of foot limiters and extravehicular worktables. They will later
conduct other extravehicular missions with the support of the Wentian robotic arm. The panoramic camera caught a beautiful picture of China's space station,
taikonauts, Wentian robotic arm, and Earth together. #china #space #astronaut #technology
OLD
Inside China Space Station: High-level microgravity cabinet
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23 mars 2022
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CGTN
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Audiences worldwide enjoyed a livestream lecture given from the China Space Station on Wednesday. Taikonaut Ye Guangfu introduced several equipment
installed in the Tianhe core module, including a high-level microgravity cabinet with a magnetic levitation table inside. For more:
https://news.cgtn.com/news/2022-03-23...
Shenzhou-14 Astronauts Conduct Various Scientific Experiments in Space
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28 août 2022
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CCTV+ China Space Station

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China's Shenzhou-14 astronauts are smoothly pushing forward their work in space with various scientific experiments underway, showed a video footage
recently released by the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA).
CGTN est financé entièrement ou partiellement par le gouvernement chinois.
Wikipedia (anglais)
InFocus: How to guarantee the safety of taikonauts during spacewalk?

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CGTN
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Extravehicular activities, known as spacewalks, are an important part of China's Shenzhou-14 manned mission on the country's space station, and ensuring
safety is a priority. CGTN reporter Zheng Yibing explains why. For more: https://news.cgtn.com/news/2022-09-01...
#china #spacestation #shenzhou14
Shenzhou-14 taikonauts conduct their first extravehicular activities

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CGTN
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For more: https://news.cgtn.com/news/2022-09-01... The Shenzhou-14 taikonauts conducted their first extravehicular activities on September 1. Chen Dong
opened the gate of the airlock cabin of the Wentian lab module and took the lead in going out of the cabin. Later, he and his teammate Liu Yang outside the
cabin will work with Cai Xuzhe inside the lab module to install an expansion pump group for the Wentian lab module and lift the panoramic camera.
Extravehicular activities are expected to last about 7 hours.
China's 1st solar exploration satellite achieves massive breakthroughs
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31 août 2022
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CGTN
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For more: https://news.cgtn.com/news/2022-08-31... China on Tuesday released the results of its first solar observation satellite named "Xihe" with
breakthroughs in technology verification and data shared with the international community. The satellite has, for the first time globally, obtained the fine
structure of solar Hɑ, SiΙ and FeΙ spectral lines in orbit, which can directly reflect the characteristics of solar eruptions. Solar spectral lines, or the Frauenhofer
lines, are any of the dark absorption lines in the spectrum of the Sun or other star caused by selective absorption of the Sun's or star's radiation at specific
wavelengths by the various elements existing as gases in its atmosphere.
PAS DE LIVE COVERAGE
#CNBC #SpaceX
What The Next Space Station May Look Like

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CNBC
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The International Space Station will likely be retired within the decade. NASA hopes to save money by having commercial companies build the next space
outpost. Some companies including Sierra Space and Axiom Space are already working on a commercial space station. But the question is, will these stations
be ready in time? » Subscribe to CNBC: http://cnb.cx/SubscribeCNBC About CNBC: From 'Wall Street' to 'Main Street' to award winning original
documentaries and Reality TV series, CNBC has you covered. Experience special sneak peeks of your favorite shows, exclusive video and more
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WWW NASA /HSF/ISS

Roscosmos cosmonauts (from

Get weekly video highlights at: http://jscfeatures.jsc.nasa.gov/videoupdate/

NASA Sets TV Coverage for Russian Spacewalk

Last Updated: Sep 1, 2022

NASA Awards SpaceX More Crew Flights to Space Station

For information about NASA’s Commercial Crew Program, visit:

Last Updated: Sep 1, 2022

International Space Station

International Space Station

International Space Station Retweeted

NASA Commercial Crew

International Space Station Retweeted

2023. Read more https://axiomspace.com/news/ax2-mso

International Space Station

August 31, 2022

Image courtesy of NASA

Learn more about how NASA is fos

Artemis I TV Schedule (Rev. E) (PDF)

Completed Task List Activities:

Today’s Ground Activities:

 Mobile Servicing System (MSS) EP FRAM Swap

Look Ahead Plan

Thursday, September 1 (GMT 244)

Friday, September 2 (GMT 245)

 LSR/OGA Rack Swap Pre-gather

Saturday, September 3 (GMT 246)

 Crew Off-Duty Day

Today’s Planned Activities:

NASA Astronauts Retweeted

NASA's Johnson Space Center

NASA Artemis and 7 others

NASA Astronauts Retweeted

NASA's Johnson Space Center

NASA Astronauts Retweeted

International Space Station

NASA Astronauts Retweeted

 Mike Sarafin, Artemis mission manager, NASA Headquarters

 Jeremy Parsons, deputy manager, Exploration Ground Systems, NASA Kennedy

 Bill Nelson, NASA administrator

NASA Launch Coverage in English

Follow countdown coverage on NASA’s Artemis blog at:

NASA Launch Coverage in Spanish

Attend Launch Virtually

Watch, Engage on Social Media

For more information about the Artemis I mission, visit:

Last Updated: Sep 1, 2022

Creating a Path to the Moon and Beyond

Fundamentals of Thriving in Deep Space

1.How does deep-space radiation affect DNA?

About NASA’s Biological and Physical Sciences

Track NASA’s Artemis I Mission in Real Time

Track Orion during Artemis I at:

NASA’s Johnson Space Center

New class of European astronauts report for training

The new astronauts are:

 Samantha Cristoforetti, from Milan, Italy.