AM-4101 Online Class-7

Prepared by
Abir Khan
Garments dyeing machine

Garments dyeing machines can be classified into following two groups:

i) Pedal Dyeing Machine
ii) Rotary dyeing machine

i)Pedal dyeing machine:

This is the oldest type of machine and still used today in the european
countries. There are two types of pedal type dyeing machine: i)Overhead
pedal type and ii)Side pedal type.
This type of machine is used for woolen knit garments. Due to manual
operation the operating cost is higher. Loading and unloading of garments,
feeding of chemicals etc are time consuming in this machine. That’s why these
are not used in Bangladesh.
Rotary dyeing machine:
These are the modified version of pedal type machines. These are of two types: i)
Normal atmospheric pressure type (less than 100c) and ii)High temperature type (more
than 100c).
The high temperature type machines are microprocessor controlled which is not still
used in Bangladesh.
i) Atmospheric pressure type rotary machine:
 This machine is made of stainless steel. In this machine, there are two big stainless
steel cylinders one inside the other.
 The outer stainless steel cylinder is solid and has two sliding doors like microbus at the
upper middle half position of the cylinder.
 The outer cylinder is fixed on the machine frame and the machine frame is tightly
fixed on the floor with heavy foundation to avoid any jerking during operation of the
machine.
 There are also two chemical dosing doors on the sliding doors to facilitate chemical
addition during machine running.
 The inner stainless steel cylinder is perforated having two stainless steel side
shafts.
 The side shafts are fixed with the machine frame through ball bearing.
 Two machine pulleys are fixed on the two sides of the side shafts. With the
help of two big high power motor & motor pulley, the machine pulley is
rotated.
 As a result, the inner perforated cylinder can rotate freely inside the outer
cylinder.
 The perforated inner cylinder has also two spring loaded doors. The doors of
the inner cylinder and outer cylinder are aligned to the same position by the
use of a inching motion Switch to load & unload the garments to be dyed.
 The inner cylinder can be rotated at 5 to 35 rpm through control panel of
the machine.
 The rotation of the inner cylinder is automatically controlled for clockwise
direction and anticlockwise direction by reversal diving unit which is simple
electronic circuit. The dual directional movement of the inner cylinder is
used to avoid roping effect of the garments during dyeing.
 The inner cylinder is about 4 feet diameter and 6 feet wide. The exact size of
the inner cylinder depends on machine capacity. There are three to four
inches gap between the inner and outer cylinder. A solid steam pipe is situated
between the gaps. Hence, liquor is indirectly heated by the steam pipe to use
desired dyeing temperature of the dye liquor. Dyeing temperature is controlled
by a dial & indicator situated in the panel board of machine. Pre-set
temperature of the dial & indicator automatically controls the liquor
temperature by controlling the steam supply on-off through the steam pipe.
 The inner cylinder has three triangular shape bars at equal distance that is 120°
apart. The three triangular bars are about 6 inch high, which confirms the
rotation of garments present inside the perforated cylinder during rotation of
the perforated inner cylinder, Garments movement during garments dyeing is
performed by those three bars which are also made of stainless steel
 The outer solid stainless steel cylinder has a connection through tube to a glass
tube at the side of the cylinder at lower position, As a result height of the liquor
in the machine can be observed during machine running. This tube helps to
maintain liquor ratio before and during garments dyeing.
 From the over head water tank a water pipe connection is given to the
outer cylinder with gate valve arrangement. Water can be loaded in
the rotary garments dyeing machine, simply by operating the gate valve. At
the end of processing liquor could be drained-out through two water out-let
pipe.
 There is another dial & pointer in the panel board which facilitates pre-
setting of processing time with alarm system, when the pre-set processing
time of the dial reached; the machine automatically stops rotation with
alarm sound to attract the attention of the operator for next operation.
 The biggest advantage of this rotary garments dyeing machine is that it can
be used for desizing, scouring and bleaching. Dyeing and washing
treatment of the garments capacity of rotary garments dyeing
machine may vary from 50 to 500 kg but the 300 kg capacity dyeing
machine is mostly used in the garments dyeing industry.
High temperature rotary garments dyeing machine:
This is the modified and latest version of the atmospheric pressure type
rotary garments dyeing machine. It is a micro processor controlled high
temperature garments dyeing machine which is not presently used in
Bangladesh but it is used in the developed countries. Garments dyeing
could be carried out up to 140°C in this machine, its main features are
mentioned below:
 Very big central door facilitates material loading & unloading
mechanically
 Light machine structure facilitates high speed machine running with safe
balance.
 Simple A/c drives and A/c converter facilitates 5 to 35 rpm of main
cylinder.
 Additional two chemicals tank facilitates auto-dozing of dyes and
chemicals during operation without any manual effort.
 Separate chemical dosing tanks may be attached besides
those two chemicals dosing tanks for auto dozing of more
number of items to the dye solution during operation or
processing in that machine.
 Separate liquor circulating pump, heater, and filter
facilitates additional liquor circulation, additional liquor
heating & liquor filtration, hence better dyeing quality.
 The machine is available only built-in form hence less risk of
installation & running problem.