CARREON, MARKUS TOBIAS F

1BSN7
MICROPAR

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Activity Report

Observations and Results

1. Define a zone of inhibition.

- This is an area of media where bacteria are unable to grow, due to presence of a drug
that impedes their growth

2. Record the size of the zone of inhibition (if any) in the table below and indicate whether the
bacteria were susceptible, resistant or intermediate in the susceptibility column.

Antibiotic Name Zone Diameter Suceptibility

(mm)
E. coli AMOXICILLIN (AMC) <=13 RESISTANT
E. coli CEPHALOTHIN (CF) <=14 RESISTANT
E. coli CHLORAMPHENICOL (C) 13-17 INTERMEDIATE
E. coli CIPROFLOXACIN (CIP) <=17 SUSCEPTIBLE
E. coli CLINDAMYCIN (CC) <=14 RESISTANT
E. coli ERYTHROMYCIN (E) <=13 RESISTANT
E. coli OXACILLIN (OX) <=10 RESISTANT
E. coli PENICILLIN (P) <=13 RESISTANT
E. coli STREPTOMYCIN (S) <=11 RESISTANT
E. coli TETRACYCLINE (TE) <=14 RESISTANT

3. Based on your results, do all antibiotics work equally as well against your test bacteria?
Explain.
4. Why do we need to look up values in the charts for each antibiotic?
- Every antibiotic has its MIC [Minimal Inhibitory Concentration], which must be
considered while experimenting.

5. For each of the antibiotics, indicate the following:

a. The spectrum of its activity as broad or limited.
b. The type or types of organisms it is effective against as gram-positive, gram-negative, or
acid-fast.

Antibiotic Name Spectrum of Activity Type(s) of Microorganisms

AMOXICILLIN (AMC) BROAD + -
CEPHALOTHIN (CF) BROAD + -
CHLORAMPHENICOL (C) BROAD -
CLINDAMYCIN (CC) NARROW + -
ERYTHROMYCIN (E) BROAD + -
PENICILLIN (P) LIMITED + -
TETRACYCLINE (TE) BROAD + -

6. Give an example of when a health-care provider might choose a broad-spectrum antibiotic

over a narrow spectrum antibiotic.
- When the client has heart infections (endocarditis), bone infections (osteomyelitis),
brain (CNS) infections, skin infections, and soft tissue infections.
7. What are some of the ways that antibiotics are misused or overused?
- when antibiotics are used when they're not needed.

8. Explain the connection between the misuse/overuse of antibiotics and the evolution of
antibiotic resistant bacteria.
- Overuse of antibiotics is creating stronger germs. Some bacteria are already "resistant"
to common antibiotics. When bacteria become resistant to antibiotics, it is often
harder and more expensive to treat the infection.