HISTORICAL ATLAS

The Cold War

BLACK Jordan
 Contents
Contents Page… 1

Timeline… 2

End of World War II… 3

Events of 1945-1955… 4

Cuban Missile Crisis… 5

 Timeline 1945 – 1965
The Cold War
Berlin Blockade 1948
BayCuban Missile
of Pigs Crisis
Invasion 19611962

Warsaw Pact 1955

WWII Ends 1945
Detente 1960s

NATO 1949
End of World War II
Domino Theory suggests that if a nation turns to communism, all the
On the Second
surrounding of Maywould
countries 1945 the be at Soviet
risk of its expansion, and this would
Union hadout
snowball captured
of control. Berlin,Trumanthe capitol
Doctrine, named after the President of the
of Nazi Germany. Less than a week
United States of the time, stated that the US would do everything in its power
later
to the remnants
contain and stopofthis thespread
German of communism. This would severely worsen
relations between the superpowers,ofoffending the USSR, causing them to
government signed the Instrument
German suspicious
become Surrender, of which
the US. left the allies
Figure 1 – Soviet soldier raises the Soviet
at war with Imperial Japan in Asia. flag over the Reichstag
In 1948 Joseph Stalin, the Soviet General-
Secretary enforced a blocked upon Japan the was determined to fight on,

Events of 1945-1955
Western half of Berlin, which was within however
the on the 6th of August,
Soviet Occupation Zone. The West following had to the Manhattan Project, the
come up with a solution, otherwise they United States would drop an atomic
would
lose their territory in Berlin to the Soviets. bomb,As leveling
a Hiroshima, and another

The Cold War

result of this the West decided to airlift on Nagasaki, on August 9th, coinciding
supplies into Berlin, by aeroplane. After with nearly
a Soviet Invasion of Japanese
a year the Soviet lifted the blockadeChina. on West Japan officially surrendered on
Berlin.
Figure 2 –This
Generalevent
MacArthur caused
stands next September
a tomajor falling out 2nd.
Japanese Emperor Showa
between
President theKennedy
superpowers, chosewith to a high level of
distrust
After the
quarantine forcapitulation
each other.of Germany, the
the Island,
Allies
In 1949decided
the USA
intercepting the
every future
put together
ship of Europe
and the at The Warsaw Pact was a defensive pact

Cuban Missile Crisis

the
North Yalta
turning Conference,
Atlantic
back Treaty
those with in which the Big
Organisation that aimed to protect the USSR and its
Three
(NATO),
offensive decided
which
weapons to split
was onGermany
designedthem. to andsatellite,
its nations, (countries occupied by
capital,
help
ThisorganiseBerlin
really intodefence
the
destroyed 4 occupation of its zones,
relations the Soviets after WW2, that were run
between
betweenthe
members, theUSSR,
with UK,“An
the ideal
superpowers, USA and from Moscow)
attack
and from
Figure the Western
4 – Western Air Corridors NATO
to Berlin

The Cold War

France.
onit one,
almost isPoland
an attack
culminatedannexed
oninall,” parts
to help
nuclear of alliance, however it was more like a road
In 1959 aGermany.
eastern socialist rebel,
ThisItwouldFidel Castro
degrade took over
bump, betweenthe nation
the USSR of Cuba, and a the West,
stop
war. a Luckily
Soviet invasion.
Khruschev consisted
soon
tropical
relations, island
as nearby
itnegotiating
would lead to the United
to future States. Castro began instituting socialist
of primarily
came to European
the Nations,
table such to buy time to prepare for an invasion. It
policies
disputes. which resulted in an American embargo on trade. In Poland,
1961 the US
asandthesuggested
UK, France, thatBelgium,
the USSR Turkey consisted Figureof3 –the USSR,
Division of Germany
sent a group of Cuban Exiles to the Bay of Pigs, whichHungary,
Czechoslovakia, failed miserably.
Bulgaria,
and
would
The Greece,
endwithdraw alongtheir
of World withIRBMs
War Canada
Two, worsened US-USSR relations, as the two
and
andthe
superpowers USA. were
MRBMs in exchange
noFollowing
longer Romanian
forcollaborating
the Bay of Pigs and
to defeat East
Invasion Germany.
the Germans
and the Embargo,and
the USA withdrawing
Japanese, they became them
Castro from
suspicious
was uneasy of eachandother’s
called intentions,
upon Soviet and their
support.
Both of these
Turkey.
different alliances
Kennedy
systems ofagreed,drove
governments,
The andthe Premier
Soviet superpowers
with6the
Figure West
Khruschev
– Range
apart
having
of Nuclear
further,
agreed now
a stationed
Missiles democratic sticking
andinsent
Cuba
to
their
afterown
capitalistthespheres
crisis the”
system, of influence,
Red
while the Soviets
intermediate trying
and tomedium
had expand them to
an authoritarian
range up-stage
communist
ballistic each to
missiles
other.
Telephone,” was created,
system. Cuba.aThis frightened the United States, and crisis soon
direct line from Washington broke out, to with the US initiating DEFCON 2, meaning
Moscow, in case such they a crisis
were near to a nuclear war. President Kennedy