QUEZON CITY HIGH SCHOOL

QUEZON CITY HIGH SCHOOL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

STANDARDS ON ELECTING SUPREME STUDENT GOVERNMENT
OFFICIALS ACADEMIC YEAR 2019-2020

Presented to
Mrs. DAISY L. QUIMPO
Of Senior High School Department of
QUEZON CITY HIGH SCHOOL
Sct. Ybardolaza St., Diliman Quezon City, Metro Manila

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

By

MARK JASON D. PINEDA

GRADE12 ARISTOTLE
HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCE
OCTOBER 2019
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Table of Contents

Page

CHAPTER 1

Introduction........................................................................................................1

Review of Related Literature.............................................................................2

Theoretical Framework of the Study.................................................................3

Conceptual Framework of the Study.................................................................4

Statement of the Problem...................................................................................5

Scope and Delimitations....................................................................................6

Significance of the Study...................................................................................7

Definition of Terms............................................................................................8
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

The Supreme Student Government is essential in students’ body this are the

highest governing club in schools, students have the right to vote and no one can deprive

it. Because of democracy but the question is what their standards on electing officials?

Many voters are irrational in their choice of electing officials, they have low standard in

election that leads huge impact on candidates. That possible those who won in the

election are low quality of candidates they won because mostly the voters they based on

appearance rather than intellectual or sometimes they elect because of being well known

of candidates.

This could be a problem in school, because the Student Government are the only

way for student body to attain a school development and leadership for officials. The

standard of student body in election are problem in this study that the researcher

investigates to find out those standards. Researcher experience the problem that happened

in year 2018 in election of Supreme Student Government on Quezon City High School

those candidates who won are because of irrational voters they based on appearance of

candidates, and few months some of officials filed a resignation letter for the reason of

they can’t fulfill their job as an official. The researcher become interested in this study for

the reason of those standards that observed by the researcher and that intend to find out

what are those standards of student body. According to (Tsipursky, 2016) “Voters are

inherently irrational. They are moved by emotions, not facts. Their biases cause them to
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make bad political decisions. We need to shape our political process around their

irrationality, and manipulate them to get them to make more rational choices”.

This problem are not only happening in politics in particular country also in the

school election of Supreme Student Government. Student they did not based their choice

in facts they based on what they see that are highly likely to be influenced by the appeals

of candidates. This problem cannot perfectly solved by the researcher, but this study it

can be the eye opener for those irrational voter and make them aware, on their decision in

terms of electing officials to avoid bad political decisions. The purpose of this study is to

make provide essential quality of information for Senior High School students about the

standards on electing Student Government officials that will help them to become rational

voters in terms of electing, and this study will have a contribute for those future

researchers that may serve as a basis for future researches that they will conduct.
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Review of Related Literature

The following are relevant literature and studies reviewed by the researcher with

the attempt to acquire insights that might help understand the study.

According to (Christopher Olivola, 2009) on their study that face of a person are

extremely effective social stimuli and for them there’s an area in human brain that

specialized in face processing. Although we would like to assume that voters are too

sophisticated and rational to be swayed by superficial cues, the research paints a much

less flattering picture. Even when it comes to electing their leaders, it seems, people are

heavily influenced by the images that these politicians project (even unwittingly). In

particular, politicians with facial features that make them look like they possess strong

leadership qualities seem to be at an advantage, at least among some voters. (Appearing

like a leader seems to be tied up with perceived competence, and is different from

appearing attractive.) Research by Gabriel Lenz and Chappell Lawson at MIT shows that

candidate appearances have the strongest impact on voters who possess little political

knowledge and spend a lot of time in front of their television screens.

According to (Azi Lev-On, 2016) In His study demonstrates that good looks matter

in politics. The global trend today is toward more visual ballots, which include

candidates’ photographs. Because voters are exposed to a candidate’s appearance right

before they vote, physical attractiveness may be a significant contributor to electoral

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success. But does appearance matter equally in high-information elections, where all

candidates are well known to voters, and low-information elections, where voters have

little or no knowledge of who the candidates are? How does enhancing the photos of

candidates through software programs affect their electability? To our knowledge, this

article is the first to examine the impact of candidates’ appearance in high- and low-

information elections in the field using two experiments involving the manipulation of

their appearance. Data for the first study were collected in a low-information election in

which a student population was asked to select from a list of fictitious candidates for city

council. In this study, we found that the candidates’ looks had an impact on the votes they

received. Data for the second study were collected right before a high-information

election: A straw poll that took place immediately before the primaries for a major

political party in Israel, involving party members selecting from a list of real candidates.

Here the candidates’ appearance had no impact on the votes they received, even for the

lesser known candidates on the list. The results indicate that the impact of visual

manipulation of candidate images does influence voters, but is limited by the

informational context of the elections.

According to (Tsipursky, 2016) research in psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and

behavioral economics shows that we have a lot of thinking errors that can lead us to make

irrational decisions. We have a habit of to think of ourselves as rational being who form
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our opinions based on logical facts. In reality, our emotions play a much larger role in

influencing our beliefs than we intuitively perceive.

Politicians skilled in the psychology of persuasion they can take advantage of our

thinking errors to manipulate the people. Unless the people are paying attention, they are

highly likely to be influenced by appeals of Politicians to these flawed patterns of feeling

and thinking, and make biased political decisions.

According to (Pierre, 2016) the presidential debates in a particular country are

may not actually have much of an impact on voter's decisions. At this late stage in the

race, and with the country’s present state of polarization, the debates are more likely to

“reinforce existing predispositions considerably” while “actually changing them very

little,” regardless of candidates' performances. This lack of impact seems to occur

because of our own confirmation biases, such that we typically go into the debates

supporting a candidate and then rating performances and judging a winner based on our

pre-existing support for a specific candidate or party and opposition to the other side.

Similarly, our biases are further reinforced by post-debate analysis from our favorite

partisan-affiliated media sources.

According to (Poutvaara, 2017) in his study that a good-looking political

candidates can win more votes. This holds for both male and female candidates.

Candidate appearance may be especially important for uninformed voters, as it is easy to

 QUEZON CITY HIGH SCHOOL

observe. Voters may favor good-looking candidates because they expect them to be more

competent or persuasive, but it can also be that voters simply enjoy laying their eyes on

beautiful politicians. And happened in particular country in Europe, the US, and

Australia, the importance of beauty in politics favors conservative parties. A related

finding is that voters use beauty as a cue for conservatism.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

As also an Official of Supreme Student Government the researcher observe that

appearance are strongly affect the electoral success for the reason that low informed

voters, they elect a candidates according to their will rather than intellect that leads to bad

decisions will are powerful than intellect because if the will decides the intellect become

powerless. Mostly happening in school election the voters they use their will they don’t

think about the consequences if they vote a candidates without thinking critically. The

researcher provides a study of scholars to support this statement

A neural basis for the effect of candidate appearance on election outcomes

(Michael L. Spezio, 2008) Election results show a relationship with decisions of a voters are

based on a candidate’s visual appearance, symptomatic of that the attributions voters

make based on appearance, so-called thin-slice judgments, influence voting. So far, it is

not known whether the effect of appearance on voting is more strongly influenced by

positive or negative attributions, nor which neural mechanisms sub serve this effect. The

researchers conducted two independent brain imaging studies to address this question. In
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Study 1, images of losing candidates elicited greater activation in the insula and ventral

anterior cingulate than images of winning candidates. Winning candidates elicited no

differential activation at all. This suggests that negative attributions from appearance

bring to bear greater influence on voting than do positive. They further tested this

hypothesis in Study 2 by asking a separate group of participants to judge which

unfamiliar candidate in a pair looked more attractive, competent, deceitful and

threatening. When negative attribution processing was enhanced (specifically, under

judgment of threat), images of losing candidates again elicited greater activation in the

insula and ventral anterior cingulate. Together, these findings support the view that

negative attributions play a critical role in mediating the effects of appearance on voter

decisions, an effect that may be of special importance when other information is absent.

Emotional Attention

(VUILLEUMIER, 2009) The emotional significance of sensory events may influence attention

in a reflexive manner, but these effects vary across paradigms and participants. Recent

research indicates that specific circuits in the brain may serve to amplify neural responses

to emotional stimuli, a modulation similar to attentional effects usually driven by

endogenous goals. However, this modulation involves distinct sources in emotional

systems such as the amygdala, and may thus operate partly independent of top-down

control by attentional systems in front parietal cortices. It remains to be clarified to what

degree these emotional effects are influenced by specific perceptual and emotional
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dimensions, automaticity and attentional resources, task goals or expectations, and

individual personality traits. This possibly can affect the decision of voters in electing an

officials some of them are they based on emotions or what they see rather than facts, their

biases cause them to make bad political decisions.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

This Input-Process-Output connection illustrates the flow of the study. The Input

this study will be conducted in Quezon City High School and the respondent are Senior

High School Students The process involves interviews, survey questionnaires from the

Students of Quezon City High School. Students will be given survey questions to

validate the standards of students in terms of electing Officials of Student Government.

The output will be the generation of theory.

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The study attempts to find out what are the Standards of Students in Quezon City

High School in Electing a Supreme Student Government Officials during the academic

year 2019-2020

Specifically, the study aims to answer the following questions:

1. Specifically it seeks to answer the following questions What is the profile of the

respondents in terms of:

1.1. Name (Optional);

1.2. Track/Strand

1.3. Grade level

1.4. Gender

2. What are the standards of the respondents in Electing a Supreme Student

Government Officials on the based on Standards:

2.1. Appearance

2.2. Intellectual

2.3. Fame
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Scope and Delimitations

The Scope- The main focus of this study was the Quezon City High School Senior High

School Students Standards on Electing a Supreme Student Government Official for

Academic Year 2019-2020.

Delimitations- The proposed study is limited only in Senior High School Students of

Quezon City High School. The project can be used in existing problem of Quezon City

High School. The proposed instrument to gather the standards of the students in terms on

Electing Supreme Student Government Official the researcher will conduct a Survey

Questionnaires and Interview to said respondent.

 QUEZON CITY HIGH SCHOOL

Significance of the Study

Research study will help the readers to understand about the standards of students

in terms of electing officials. Future researches may serve as a basis for future research

that they will conduct. The results of the study will be a great benefit to the following:

Students:

This study will help to provide information regarding which standards of students

on election. That will make an awareness to student body in terms of their choice

regarding the election of Student Government that leads to a rational choice for election.

School:

This study will improve the school in terms of development of Student

Government Officials. This study will enhance the quality of officials that have ability of

being a good leader that deserving for the position on the office.

Teachers:

This study will also can informed the teachers about the problem in election and

make an awareness not only in the students but also in the teachers. That they will have
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an idea in the problem, that make them interested to help those student in decision

making, or they can give an advice for voting an officials.

Definition of Terms

This definition of terms is intended to assist you in understanding commonly used terms

and concepts when reading. Also included are general words and phrases defined the

context of how they apply to research in the Standards on Electing Supreme Student

Government

Appearance- is the way that someone or something looks, a process of coming into

existence or use

Candidates- is the prospective recipient of honor, or a person seeking or being

considered for some king of position; for example, to be elected to an office in this case a

candidate selection procedure occurs.

Democracy- is a form of government in which the people have the authority to choose

their candidates to govern for them. And the government emanates to people

Officials- is someone who holds an office, function or mandate, regardless whether it

carries an actual working space with it.

Standards- a rule or principle that is used as basis for judgment or decisions of voters

Supreme Student Government- is the most powerful and governing body in the

institution. It composed of officers duly elected by the entire student body in the tertiary

level. It represents the voice of the studentry.

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Curriculum Vitae

MARK JASON D. PINEDA

Bldg. 3 C14 Bahay Caridad Bayani St Barangay Dona Imelda, Quezon City
09109692247
Pmarkjason2@gmail.com

PERSONAL DATA

Date of Birth : 06 November 2001

Place of Birth : Quezon City, Philippines
Marital Status : Single
Religion : Roman, Catholic
Height : 5’6
Weight : 41.
Mother’s Name : Maricel Del Valle
Father’s Name : : Romeo Pineda Jr.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Secondary: Carlos L. Albert High School 2014-2015

Isabela National High School 2015-2018
Quezon City High School 2018-2020

Primary Tomas Morato Elementary School 2008-2014

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References

Azi Lev-On, I. W.-M. (2016, December 19). Looks That Matter: The Effect of Physical
Attractiveness in Low- and High-Information Elections.

Christopher Olivola, A. T. (2009, May 5). The Look of a Winner. The emerging--and disturbing--
science of how candidates' physical appearances influence our choice in leaders.

Michael L. Spezio, 1. A. (2008). A neural basis for the effect of candidate appearance on election
outcomes. 344.

Pierre, J. (2016, September 26). Scoring the Presidential Debates: How Do We Decide Who
Wins? 3 questions to ponder as we tune into the debates.

Poutvaara, P. (2017). How do candidates’ looks affect their election chances? Looks matter and
can tip the scales between the right and left, 1.

Tsipursky, G. (2016, November 06). The Myth of the Irrational Voter. Research shows that we
can vote rationally by following the steps listed here.

VUILLEUMIER, P. H.-M. (2009). Emotional Attention: Uncovering the Mechanisms of Affective

Biases in Perception. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 151.