Name: 6 Result: /41

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0 2 A student shone a ray of light onto a plane mirror as shown in Figure 2. box

Figure 2

0 2 . 1 Choose an answer from the box to complete the sentence.

[1 mark]

equal to greater than less than

The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is

the angle of reflection.

0 2 . 2 What is the dotted line on Figure 2 called?

[1 mark]

0 2 . 3 Which angle shown on Figure 2 is the angle of incidence?

Tick one box.

[1 mark]

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0 2 . 4 What equipment should the student have used to measure the angle of incidence? box

Tick one box.

[1 mark]

Compass

Protractor

Ruler

Set-square

0 2 . 5 Table 1 shows the student’s results.

Table 1

Angle of Incidence Angle of Reflection

in degrees in degrees
10 10
20 19
30 31
40 39
50 51

Explain one thing that the student could do to improve the results.
[2 marks]

0 2 . 6 Complete the sentence. Choose answers from the box.

[2 marks]

inverted magnified real upright virtual

The image in a plane mirror is and

8
.

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0 5 Passengers and luggage must pass through airport security before they can get on an box

aeroplane.

0 5 . 1 The luggage goes through an X-ray scanner as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6

The luggage contains some metal objects.

What happens to X-rays when they reach metal objects?

[1 mark]

0 5 . 2 Workers using the X-ray scanner have to wear a radiation badge.

Explain why.

[2 marks]

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Figure 7 shows a passenger standing in a microwave scanner. box

Figure 7

0 5 . 3 Explain why passengers are scanned with microwaves rather than X-rays.
[2 marks]

0 5 . 4 The microwaves used in the scanner have a wavelength of 16 mm.

speed of electromagnetic radiation = 3.0 × 108 m/s

Calculate the frequency of the microwaves used in the scanner.

Give your answer to two significant figures.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

[5 marks]

10
Frequency = Hz

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0 2 Light and sound are examples of waves. box

0 2 . 1 Give two differences and two similarities between light waves and sound waves.
[4 marks]

Difference 1

Difference 2

Similarity 1

Similarity 2

0 2 . 2 Figure 2 shows a loudspeaker connected to a signal generator.

The loudspeaker emits sound waves that are detected by the microphone.
The oscilloscope produces a trace that represents the sound waves.

Figure 2

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IB/M/Jun19/9204/PE
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Figure 3 shows oscilloscope traces for two different sound waves, A and B. box

The oscilloscope settings remain constant.

Figure 3

Explain why the two different sound waves, A and B, sound different.
[4 marks]

0 2 . 3 Sound wave A has a frequency of 12 kHz and a wavelength of 2.8 cm.

Calculate the speed of sound wave A.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.
[4 marks]

Speed = m/s

Question 2 continues on the next page

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Figure 4 shows two students measuring the speed of sound in air. box

Figure 4

This is the method used.

• The students stood 50 m away from a wall.

• Student X produced a sound and at the same time student Y started a stopwatch.
• Student Y stopped the stopwatch when they heard the echo from the wall.

Measurements were taken three times. Table 2 shows the results.

Table 2

Measurement number 1 2 3

Time for echo to be heard

0.45 0.35 0.40
in seconds

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0 2 . 4 Explain why it was a good idea to take the measurements three times. box

[2 marks]

0 2 . 5 The results in Table 2 do not give an accurate value for the speed of sound in air.

Suggest one improvement to the method that would increase the accuracy of the
results.
Give a reason for your answer.
[2 marks]

16

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0 5 The data given in Table 3 was obtained from an investigation into the refraction of light
at an air to glass boundary.

Table 3

Angle of Angle of
incidence refraction
20° 13°

30° 19°

40° 25°

50° 30°

0 5 . 1 Describe an investigation a student could complete in order to obtain similar data to

that given in Table 3.

Your answer should consider any cause of inaccuracy in the data.

A labelled diagram may be drawn as part of your answer.

[6 marks]

SPECIMEN MATERIAL
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0 5 . 2 State the reason why light is refracted as it crosses from air into glass.
[1 mark]

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SPECIMEN MATERIAL