1

00:00:03,419 --> 00:00:04,637

Um, tonight's talk.
嗯 今晚的演讲

2
00:00:04,637 --> 00:00:09,558
This is the most popular talk we've ever done in 15 years.
这是我们 15 年来做过的最受欢迎的演讲

3
00:00:17,820 --> 00:00:19,520
Tonight is the third.
今晚是第三次

4
00:00:19,520 --> 00:00:27,228
Um so it's been a weekend of Jordan Peterson, which was has been a huge pleasure
for anyone who doesn't know him.
嗯 这是乔丹·彼得森的一个周末 对任何不认识他的人来说 这都是一个巨大的快乐

5
00:00:27,240 --> 00:00:32,109
Um and last night I think it was one babe in arms, and tonight it's probably my
mother.
嗯 昨晚我想是一个怀抱中的婴儿 今晚可能是我妈妈

6
00:00:32,109 --> 00:00:33,837
He is a was a professor,
他是一名教授

7
00:00:33,837 --> 00:00:40,889
associate professor at Harvard University and is now the professor of Clinical
Psychology at Toronto.
哈佛大学副教授 现在是多伦多临床心理学教授

8
00:00:40,889 --> 00:00:44,108
His first book was a huge success.
他的第一本书取得了巨大的成功

9
00:00:44,120 --> 00:00:48,145
It revolutionized the psychology of religion,
它彻底改变了宗教心理学

10
00:00:48,145 --> 00:00:54,709
and his latest book of the 12 rules of life is set to do exactly the same.
他最新的 12 条生活规则的书也将做同样的事情

11
00:00:54,719 --> 00:00:56,354
Um, just a few housekeeping things.
嗯 只是一些家务

12
00:00:56,354 --> 00:00:59,335
At the end of the talk, we're going to have a q. a.
在演讲的最后 我们将有一个 q. a.

13
00:00:59,335 --> 00:01:01,438
Which I'm going to moderate.
我将对此进行调节

14
00:01:01,438 --> 00:01:03,484
So do prepare your questions.
所以请准备好你的问题

15
00:01:03,484 --> 00:01:05,434
Please make them questions.
请让他们提问

16
00:01:05,434 --> 00:01:08,323
And also for those people in the live stream.
也为直播间的那些人

17
00:01:08,323 --> 00:01:15,282
They'll be Post-it notes and you couldn't hand questions to the ushers, and we'll
be taking those as well.
它们将是便利贴 你不能把问题交给引座员 我们也会接受这些问题

18
00:01:15,299 --> 00:01:17,588
Um so I look forward to that.
嗯 所以我很期待

19
00:01:17,588 --> 00:01:25,561
And I the end of it, we're going to be doing not so much assigning, but here on
stage, a dedication everyone's book is.
在它的最后 我们将不做太多的分配 而是在舞台上 每个人的书都是奉献

20
00:01:25,561 --> 00:01:28,574
Or pretty well, everyone's book is already signed.
或者很好 每个人的书都已经签名了

21
00:01:28,574 --> 00:01:32,824
So if you want to, if you don't want a dedication, then just leave you.
所以如果你想 如果你不想要奉献 那就离开你

22
00:01:32,824 --> 00:01:36,580
On the third page, you'll find the signature in order to.
在第三页 你会找到签名 以便

23
00:01:36,580 --> 00:01:42,569
Last night there was a huge queue, as you can imagine, in order to make the queue
run smoothly.
昨晚有一个巨大的队列 你可以想象 为了让队列顺利运行

24
00:01:42,569 --> 00:01:48,769
And sorry to sound bossy, but he's not going to be doing selfies.
很抱歉听起来很专横 但他不会自拍

25
00:01:48,780 --> 00:01:56,680
Um um just because it means he's got to stand up the whole time and it'll slow down
the flow.
嗯 嗯 只是因为这意味着他必须一直站着 这会减缓流程

26
00:01:56,680 --> 00:02:03,258
But he's very happy to be photographed and you can photobomb him if you'd like.
但是他很高兴被拍照 如果你愿意 你可以给他拍照

27
00:02:04,500 --> 00:02:11,508
Um also because all of us, particularly me, um are really Keen for him to solve the
problems of Our Lives.
嗯 也因为我们所有人 尤其是我 嗯 真的很渴望他解决我们生活中的问题

28
00:02:11,520 --> 00:02:18,886
Um please resist doing that during the dedication because it'll really slow
everything down.
嗯 请不要在奉献期间这样做 因为这真的会减缓一切

29
00:02:18,886 --> 00:02:24,083
I think the three things that you can take away from this evening and you'll be the
judges.
我认为今晚你可以从这三件事中带走 你将成为评委

30
00:02:24,083 --> 00:02:31,426
First of all, be inspired by the talk, secondly, read the book, and thirdly, marry
a Canadian.
首先 从演讲中得到启发 其次 读这本书 第三 嫁给一个加拿大人

31
00:02:31,440 --> 00:02:37,279
I feel rather fortunate to have now done all three.
我很幸运现在已经完成了这三个

32
00:02:37,800 --> 00:02:44,745
Um also, if you would like to tweet, it's hashtag the rules, that 12 rules of life.
还有 如果你想发推特 主题标签是规则 生活的 12 条规则

33
00:02:44,760 --> 00:02:52,834
So without further Ado, please welcome one of the world's great public
intellectuals, Jordan Peterson.
所以没有更多的阿多 请欢迎世界上最伟大的公共知识分子之一 乔丹·彼得森
34
00:02:52,834 --> 00:02:54,017
Thank you.
谢谢

35
00:03:24,050 --> 00:03:29,588
[Applause].
[掌声]

36
00:03:29,599 --> 00:03:31,669
Well, that was nice.
嗯 那很好

37
00:03:31,680 --> 00:03:34,280
Hahaha.
哈哈哈

38
00:03:35,099 --> 00:03:42,110
Oh, so I thought I'd I'd talk about my book tonight.
哦 所以我想我今晚应该谈谈我的书

39
00:03:42,120 --> 00:03:47,089
Um, I've given two talks now, and I didn't actually talk directly about it.
嗯 我现在已经做了两次演讲 实际上我并没有直接谈论它

40
00:03:47,089 --> 00:03:52,545
I sort of talked around it, but so I thought I don't like to give the same talk
twice.
我差不多围绕着它谈了谈 但是我想我不喜欢把同一个演讲讲两次

41
00:03:52,560 --> 00:03:57,526
So I thought I'd actually walk through it and and and outline it a little bit.
所以我想我实际上应该走一遍 概述一下

42
00:03:57,540 --> 00:04:00,353
And so I hadn't spent most of the day memorizing the rules.
所以我没有花一天的大部分时间来记住规则

43
00:04:00,353 --> 00:04:04,194
You know, you'd think if you worked on something for three years or it's been five
years,
你知道 你会想如果你在某件事上工作了三年或者五年

44
00:04:04,194 --> 00:04:05,987
I guess you'd actually have it memorized.
我想你真的会记住它

45
00:04:06,000 --> 00:04:10,868
But memory is a very strange thing, and it's it's very particular and goal
oriented.
但是记忆是一个非常奇怪的东西 它是非常特殊和以目标为导向的

46
00:04:10,868 --> 00:04:14,674
And I actually didn't have the rules memorized and certainly not their numbers.
实际上我没有记住规则 当然也没有记住它们的数字

47
00:04:14,674 --> 00:04:16,406
So hopefully I Do by now.
所以希望我现在知道了

48
00:04:16,406 --> 00:04:17,849
So I guess we're going to find out.
所以我想我们会找到答案的

49
00:04:17,849 --> 00:04:21,393
But I have a copy of the book here in case I in case I forget.
但是我这里有一本书 以防我忘记

50
00:04:21,393 --> 00:04:24,770
So I think we'll go through them one by one and we'll see how.
所以我想我们会一个接一个地看 看看怎么做

51
00:04:24,780 --> 00:04:26,055
See how that goes.
看看进展如何

52
00:04:26,055 --> 00:04:27,161
Seven o'clock.
七点

53
00:04:27,161 --> 00:04:29,149
So all right, good.
所以好吧 很好

54
00:04:29,160 --> 00:04:37,219
Um, the first rule, which is kind of a comical rule, is stand up straight with your
shoulders back.
嗯 第一条规则 有点滑稽的规则 是双肩向后站直

55
00:04:37,219 --> 00:04:41,449
And it's a meditation, among other things, on the habits of lobsters.
这是一种冥想 除其他外 关于龙虾的习性

56
00:04:41,449 --> 00:04:48,646
I read some papers on lobsters about must be 10 years ago, I guess, and they just
absolutely blew me away.
我大概是 10 年前读过一些关于龙虾的论文 我想 他们绝对让我大吃一惊

57
00:04:48,646 --> 00:04:52,519
And one of the things I've really loved about being a psychologist and there's many
things.
作为一名心理学家 我非常喜欢的一点是 有很多事情

58
00:04:52,519 --> 00:04:58,272
But I've really loved psychoanalytic theory and and the great clinicians, the
behaviorists as well.
但是我真的很喜欢精神分析理论 以及伟大的临床医生 行为主义者

59
00:04:58,272 --> 00:05:02,469
I mean, Freud, Jung, Adler, Carl Rogers, Abraham, Maslow,
我是说 弗洛伊德 荣格 阿德勒 卡尔·罗杰斯 亚伯拉罕 马斯洛

60
00:05:02,469 --> 00:05:07,173
that behaviors like Skinner and and and the cognitive behaviors.
像斯金纳和和这样的行为和认知行为

61
00:05:07,173 --> 00:05:10,150
I mean, I've learned a tremendous amount from reading the clinicians.
我是说 我从阅读临床医生中学到了很多东西

62
00:05:10,150 --> 00:05:12,962
And so if any of you are interested in Psychology,
所以如果你们中有人对心理学感兴趣

63
00:05:12,962 --> 00:05:18,862
I would really recommend reading the great clinicians because they know they you
learn so much about life,
我真的建议阅读伟大的临床医生 因为他们知道他们可以学到很多关于生活的知识

64
00:05:18,862 --> 00:05:20,406
it's crazy by reading them.
阅读他们是疯狂的

65
00:05:20,406 --> 00:05:21,834
So that's been fun.
所以那很有趣

66
00:05:21,834 --> 00:05:28,310
But then on the entirely other end of the spectrum where I've learned most about
psychology is from the really low.
但是在另一个极端 我对心理学了解最多的地方是非常低的

67
00:05:28,310 --> 00:05:30,714
Or what would you call them?
或者你会怎么称呼他们？

68
00:05:30,714 --> 00:05:32,122
The really science?
真正的科学？

69
00:05:32,122 --> 00:05:33,891
Or into the animal behaviors.
或者动物行为

70
00:05:33,891 --> 00:05:36,287
That's where who they turned into the neuroscientists, right?
这就是他们变成神经科学家的地方 对吗？

71
00:05:36,300 --> 00:05:37,987
They were the animal behaviors first of all.
他们首先是动物行为

72
00:05:37,987 --> 00:05:39,679
And then they turned into the neuroscientists.
然后他们变成了神经科学家

73
00:05:39,679 --> 00:05:41,371
I've learned a tremendous amount from them.
我从他们那里学到了很多

74
00:05:41,371 --> 00:05:44,308
They're such clear thinkers, the best of the bunch.
他们是如此清晰的思想家 一群人中最好的

75
00:05:44,308 --> 00:05:48,943
I think there's two of them, one named Jeffrey gray, who wrote a book called The
neuropsychology of anxiety,
我想有两个人 一个叫杰弗里·格雷 他写了一本书 叫做《焦虑的神经心理学》

76
00:05:48,943 --> 00:05:50,177
which is just a deadly book.
这只是一本致命的书

77
00:05:50,177 --> 00:05:51,573
It's impossible to read.
这是不可能阅读的

78
00:05:51,573 --> 00:05:59,054
It takes like six months to read it, because I think he he read like 1800 papers to
write it or something like that.
阅读它需要六个月的时间 因为我认为他阅读了大约 1800 篇论文来写它或类似的东西
79
00:05:59,054 --> 00:06:00,208
And he actually read them.
他真的读了它们

80
00:06:00,208 --> 00:06:01,246
That's the cool thing.
这是很酷的事情

81
00:06:01,259 --> 00:06:03,780
And he understood them, which is really something.
他理解它们 这真的很了不起

82
00:06:03,780 --> 00:06:08,546
Then there's another guy named Jacques panksep who wrote a book called affective
Neuroscience,
还有一个叫雅克·潘克塞普的人写了一本书 叫做《情感神经科学》

83
00:06:08,546 --> 00:06:11,055
which outlines his studies, for example, of rats.
这本书概述了他对老鼠的研究 例如

84
00:06:11,055 --> 00:06:16,020
He was the guy who who learned that rats laugh if you tickle them with the end of a
pencil eraser,
他知道如果你用橡皮擦的末端挠老鼠的痒 老鼠会笑

85
00:06:16,020 --> 00:06:18,077
but they laugh ultrasonically like bats.
但是它们像蝙蝠一样发出超声波笑

86
00:06:18,077 --> 00:06:23,757
So you have to SL. You have to slow down the ultrasonic vocalization before you can
hear them Giggle.
所以你必须 SL 你必须放慢超声波发声的速度 才能听到它们咯咯笑

87
00:06:23,757 --> 00:06:28,509
And you'd think, why the hell would you spend your time tickling rats with a pencil
and making them laugh?
你会想 你为什么要花时间用铅笔挠老鼠 让它们发笑？

88
00:06:28,509 --> 00:06:34,456
But see? What he demonstrated there was that that there was a place it in mammals,
that there's an actual.
但是看到了吗？他在那里证明了它在哺乳动物中是有位置的 是有实际意义的

89
00:06:34,456 --> 00:06:38,192
There's a psychobiological basis for Rough and Tumble play, for example.
例如 粗糙和翻滚游戏有心理生物学基础
90
00:06:38,192 --> 00:06:41,992
It's a bloody big deal, you know, discovering a whole new circuit in the brain.
这是一件大事 你知道 发现大脑中一个全新的回路

91
00:06:41,992 --> 00:06:43,886
That's like discovering a continent.
这就像发现一个大陆

92
00:06:43,886 --> 00:06:45,531
It's Nobel prize-winning stuff.
这是诺贝尔奖得主的东西

93
00:06:45,531 --> 00:06:47,322
And panccept's affective Neuroscience.
和 panccept 的情感神经科学

94
00:06:47,322 --> 00:06:48,846
I would highly recommend that.
我强烈推荐

95
00:06:48,846 --> 00:06:54,890
So there's this other book I know about too, which is 12 rules for life, which you
could also look into if you want.
还有一本我知道的书 是生活的 12 条规则 如果你愿意 你也可以看看

96
00:06:54,900 --> 00:07:04,906
Anyways, I was reading these these articles on lobsters, and I I came across this,
this finding that lobsters,
不管怎样 我读了这些关于龙虾的文章 我偶然发现龙虾

97
00:07:04,906 --> 00:07:09,864
lobsters govern their postural flexion with serotonin.
龙虾用血清素控制它们的姿势屈曲

98
00:07:09,864 --> 00:07:12,283
And I thought, God, that's so interesting.
我想 上帝 这太有趣了

99
00:07:12,283 --> 00:07:13,186
It's so inflection.
这是如此的弯曲

100
00:07:13,199 --> 00:07:15,229
Is this? It's to stand up straight.
是吗？这是为了站直

101
00:07:15,229 --> 00:07:19,230
Hey, we thought, wow, that's so interesting, because, you know, depressed people
Crouch over.
嘿 我们想 哇 这太有趣了 因为 你知道 抑郁的人蹲下来

102
00:07:19,230 --> 00:07:22,072
I wonder if there's any link between those two things.
我想知道这两件事之间是否有任何联系

103
00:07:22,072 --> 00:07:27,288
And then I went and read a whole pile of papers on Lobster and lobster
neurochemistry.
然后我去读了一大堆关于龙虾和龙虾神经化学的论文

104
00:07:27,300 --> 00:07:31,900
Lobster neurochemistry is actually quite well understood because they have a fairly
simple nervous system.
龙虾神经化学实际上很好理解 因为它们有一个相当简单的神经系统

105
00:07:31,900 --> 00:07:35,447
Right? And and so if you want to understand a complex nervous system,
对吗？所以如果你想理解一个复杂的神经系统

106
00:07:35,447 --> 00:07:39,806
it's a good idea to understand a simple one first and then sort of elaborate
upwards.
首先理解一个简单的 然后再详细说明是个好主意

107
00:07:39,806 --> 00:07:44,328
And it turns out that, um, serotonin governs status.
事实证明 嗯 血清素控制地位

108
00:07:44,340 --> 00:07:51,483
Uh, it governs status, emotional regulation and posture in lobsters, just like it
does in human beings.
呃 它控制着龙虾的地位、情绪调节和姿势 就像它在人类身上一样

109
00:07:51,483 --> 00:07:53,760
And so that would just blew me away.
所以这会让我大吃一惊

110
00:07:53,760 --> 00:08:01,201
And so one one thing that the chapter one is about is the fact that if a lobster is
defeated in a dominance battle,
所以第一章提到的一件事是 如果龙虾在优势之战中被击败

111
00:08:01,201 --> 00:08:05,628
you can give it essentially antidepressants and it will fight again.
你可以给它抗抑郁药 它会再次战斗
112
00:08:05,639 --> 00:08:07,220
Oh, now that just blew me away.
哦 这让我大吃一惊

113
00:08:07,220 --> 00:08:12,529
You know, it's so it's so remarkable because one of the things it tells you is
that.
你知道 这太了不起了 因为它告诉你的一件事是

114
00:08:12,529 --> 00:08:17,581
So if you're imagine that you could be Lobster, top dog or bottom dog,
所以如果你想象你可能是龙虾 头号狗或底层狗

115
00:08:17,581 --> 00:08:25,552
imagine there's 10 strata in the lobster hierarchy, so you could be number one,
right, top Lobster, number ten,
想象龙虾等级中有 10 个阶层 所以你可能是第一名 对 顶级龙虾 第十名

116
00:08:25,552 --> 00:08:26,691
bottom Lobster.
底部龙虾

117
00:08:26,691 --> 00:08:30,553
If your bottom Lobster, you have low serotonin levels and high octopamine levels,
如果你的底层龙虾 你的血清素水平低 章鱼胺水平高

118
00:08:30,553 --> 00:08:33,286
that's the neurochemical that human beings don't produce.
这是人类不会产生的神经化学物质

119
00:08:33,286 --> 00:08:38,538
And if you're a top Lobster, you have high serotonin levels and low topamine
levels.
如果你是顶级龙虾 你的血清素水平高 多巴胺水平低

120
00:08:38,538 --> 00:08:44,753
And you can move a lobster in its dominance hierarchy by moderating its levels of
Serotonin.
你可以通过调节血清素水平来移动龙虾的优势等级

121
00:08:44,753 --> 00:08:46,607
And I thought that's so interesting,
我觉得这很有趣

122
00:08:46,607 --> 00:08:50,968
because what it means is that the counter that keeps track of our status and we
have a
因为这意味着记录我们地位的计数器 我们头脑

123
00:08:50,968 --> 00:08:55,982
counter in the sense in our minds that keeps track of our status is a third of a
billion years old.
中有一个记录我们地位的计数器 已经有三分之一亿年的历史了

124
00:08:55,982 --> 00:09:01,912
And what that also means is that the the idea of the hierarchy, let's call it a
dominance Harkey,
这也意味着等级制度的概念 让我们称之为优势哈基

125
00:09:01,912 --> 00:09:07,600
because within lobsters, it's kind of like a physical prowess hierarchy, something
like that.
因为在龙虾中 这有点像身体力量的等级制度 诸如此类

126
00:09:07,600 --> 00:09:11,449
The idea of the hierarchy is at least 350 million years old.
等级制度的想法至少有 3.50 亿年的历史了

127
00:09:11,459 --> 00:09:12,802
And so I read that.
所以我读了那个

128
00:09:12,802 --> 00:09:18,904
And I think, well, so much for the idea that human hierarchies are a socio-cultural
construct.
我认为 嗯 人类等级制度是一种社会文化结构的想法到此为止

129
00:09:18,904 --> 00:09:20,928
It's like, no, that's wrong.
就像 不 那是错的

130
00:09:20,940 --> 00:09:22,599
It's not just a little bit wrong.
这不仅仅是一点点错误

131
00:09:22,599 --> 00:09:24,430
It's unbelievably wrong.
这是难以置信的错误

132
00:09:24,430 --> 00:09:27,006
It's mind-bogglingly wrong.
这是令人难以置信的错误

133
00:09:27,006 --> 00:09:27,912
Right?
对吗？

134
00:09:27,912 --> 00:09:29,468
And it's right.
这是对的

135
00:09:29,468 --> 00:09:31,012
And so so hierarchies.
等级制度也是如此

136
00:09:31,012 --> 00:09:34,344
Hierarchies have been around for a third of a billion years.
等级制度已经存在了三分之一亿年

137
00:09:34,344 --> 00:09:40,488
And and we have a neurochemical system that modulates our our understanding of
those hierarchies.
我们有一个神经化学系统来调节我们对这些等级制度的理解

138
00:09:40,500 --> 00:09:42,429
And then also this is the interesting thing too.
这也是有趣的事情

139
00:09:42,429 --> 00:09:44,806
And this is why people's reputations are so important to them.
这就是为什么人们的声誉对他们如此重要

140
00:09:44,820 --> 00:09:48,464
Among. There's lots of reasons, but this is one of them.
其中 有很多原因 但这是其中之一

141
00:09:48,464 --> 00:09:54,100
Is that where this counter that you share with lobsters rates you in terms of your
你和龙虾共用的这个计数器根据你的等级地位

142
00:09:54,100 --> 00:10:00,755
hierarchical position determines the ratio of negative emotion to positive emotion
that you feel.
给你打分 决定了你感受到的消极情绪和积极情绪的比例

143
00:10:00,755 --> 00:10:05,262
And that's also an absolutely mind-boggling idea for two reasons.
这也是一个绝对令人难以置信的想法 原因有二

144
00:10:05,262 --> 00:10:11,266
One is it tells you why it's so hard on people to be put down because it doesn't
just upset them in the moment,
一个是它告诉你为什么人们很难被放下 因为这不仅仅是让他们在那一刻心烦意乱
145
00:10:11,266 --> 00:10:15,233
it changes the way their entire system responds to the world so that they
它改变了他们整个系统对世界的反应方式 所以他们

146
00:10:15,233 --> 00:10:19,201
now experience more positive emotion and less than less negative emotion.
现在体验到更多的积极情绪 而不是更少的消极情绪

147
00:10:19,201 --> 00:10:20,701
So that's really rough.
所以这真的很艰难

148
00:10:20,701 --> 00:10:23,129
And then there's a corollary to that too,
还有一个推论

149
00:10:23,129 --> 00:10:29,721
which is like there's a very tight relationship between your belief system and your
dominance hierarchy position.
这就像你的信仰体系和你的统治等级地位之间有非常紧密的关系

150
00:10:29,721 --> 00:10:31,367
It's complicated, but it's worth going through.
这很复杂 但值得一试

151
00:10:31,380 --> 00:10:33,229
Like let's say that.
就像这么说

152
00:10:33,240 --> 00:10:36,588
So I have a certain amount of status as a professor.
所以我有一定程度的教授地位

153
00:10:36,588 --> 00:10:41,264
And and and and I have the, let's call it the, uh, what would you say?
还有 让我们称之为 呃 你会怎么说？

154
00:10:41,279 --> 00:10:45,871
I've been granted the entitlement to a certain position in a in a social hierarchy.
我被授予了社会阶层中某个职位的权利

155
00:10:45,871 --> 00:10:50,032
Now the question is, why do I have a valid claim to that position?
现在的问题是 为什么我对那个职位有有效的要求？

156
00:10:50,032 --> 00:10:54,923
And the answer, hypothetically, is because I know enough so that my claim to the
position is valid.
假设的答案是 因为我知道的足够多 所以我对这个职位的要求是有效的

157
00:10:54,923 --> 00:11:00,551
So then if you stand up in the audience and challenge my beliefs and show that I'm
wrong, you might you might say,
所以如果你站在观众中挑战我的信仰 证明我错了 你可能会说

158
00:11:00,551 --> 00:11:02,362
well, I get upset because I'm wrong.
嗯 我生气是因为我错了

159
00:11:02,362 --> 00:11:06,835
But the more accurate reason that I get upset is because you're indicating
但我生气的更准确的原因是因为你向人群

160
00:11:06,835 --> 00:11:11,308
to the crowd that my my position in the hierarchy of authority is invalid.
表明我在权力等级制度中的地位是无效的

161
00:11:11,308 --> 00:11:12,202
And by doing that,
通过这样做

162
00:11:12,202 --> 00:11:17,566
you lower me in the hierarchy and you mess around with the neurochemical systems
that are regulating my emotions.
你在等级制度中降低了我的地位 你扰乱了调节我情绪的神经化学系统

163
00:11:17,579 --> 00:11:20,481
And so if you're interested, at least in part,
所以如果你感兴趣 至少部分感兴趣

164
00:11:20,481 --> 00:11:27,708
in why people are so prone to defend themselves and their beliefs in the service of
their position, then that's why.
为什么人们如此倾向于为自己的立场辩护自己和信仰 这就是原因

165
00:11:27,708 --> 00:11:30,749
And so that's a great example of how you can learn these
这是一个很好的例子 说明你如何通过偶然

166
00:11:30,749 --> 00:11:34,697
unbelievable things by stumbling across a rather obscure biological fact.
发现一个相当模糊的生物学事实来学习这些难以置信的东西

167
00:11:34,697 --> 00:11:37,280
It's just, it's just what would you say?
只是 只是你会怎么说？

168
00:11:37,280 --> 00:11:39,823
It's like it's like a series of dominoes.
就像一系列多米诺骨牌

169
00:11:39,823 --> 00:11:42,766
And and that's also why biological facts are so useful.
这也是为什么生物学事实如此有用

170
00:11:42,779 --> 00:11:49,781
It's like we don't have to argue about whether or not social hierarchy, says I
said, are are hierarchies,
就像我们不必争论社会阶层是否是等级制度

171
00:11:49,781 --> 00:11:51,301
are social constructs.
是社会结构

172
00:11:51,301 --> 00:11:56,406
A given hierarchy is influenced in its structure by socio-cultural conditioning.
给定的等级制度在结构上受到社会文化条件的影响

173
00:11:56,406 --> 00:11:58,959
Let's say. But the fact of the hierarchy.
比方说 但是等级制度的事实

174
00:11:58,959 --> 00:12:03,414
So like the part of your brain that detects and regulates your response to
就像你大脑中检测和调节你对等级制度

175
00:12:03,414 --> 00:12:08,523
hierarchies is older than the part of your brain that recognizes trees like it's
old.
反应的部分比你大脑中识别树木的部分要古老

176
00:12:08,523 --> 00:12:10,703
It's really, really fundamental.
这是非常非常基本的

177
00:12:10,703 --> 00:12:14,686
And so and almost all social animals organize themselves in Social in hierarchies.
因此 几乎所有的社会性动物都在社会等级制度中组织自己

178
00:12:14,700 --> 00:12:20,651
Because now the other thing that chapter one is is a bit of a meditation on what
might constitute a hierarchy.
因为现在 第一章的另一件事是对什么可能构成等级制度的一点思考

179
00:12:20,651 --> 00:12:23,789
One of my business colleagues, a former student of mine from Harvard.
我的一个商业同事 我以前在哈佛大学的学生

180
00:12:23,789 --> 00:12:24,765
Very, very smart guy.
非常非常聪明的人

181
00:12:24,779 --> 00:12:30,177
It's got a graduate degree in engineering from MIT and a PhD in Psychology from
Harvard.
它有麻省理工学院的工程研究生学位和哈佛大学的心理学博士学位

182
00:12:30,177 --> 00:12:32,282
So there's like one of him in the whole world.
所以世界上就有一个他

183
00:12:32,282 --> 00:12:33,814
And he's a very smart guy.
他是个非常聪明的人

184
00:12:33,814 --> 00:12:39,410
And he helped me design the self-authoring suite, by the way, and he's been working
for about 20 years on that.
顺便说一下 他帮我设计了自我创作套件 他已经为此工作了大约 20 年

185
00:12:39,420 --> 00:12:43,811
Um that's a suite of programs that helps people write about their lives, that
straighten them out.
嗯 这是一套程序 可以帮助人们写下他们的生活 让他们理顺

186
00:12:43,811 --> 00:12:46,866
He told me to stop using the word dominance hierarchy.
他告诉我停止使用统治等级这个词

187
00:12:46,866 --> 00:12:51,070
And he said the reason for that was that it was infested with Marxist
presuppositions.
他说原因是它充满了马克思主义的预设

188
00:12:51,070 --> 00:12:55,869
And it really bothered me when he first said that because I've been using the word
for years, dominance, hierarchy.
当他第一次这么说的时候 我真的很困扰 因为我多年来一直在使用这个词 统治 等级制度

189
00:12:55,869 --> 00:12:57,850
He said. We had a discussion about that.
他说 我们对此进行了讨论

190
00:12:57,850 --> 00:13:01,365
He said. Well, it's predicated on the idea that you climb up the hierarchy,
他说 嗯 这是基于你爬上等级制度的想法

191
00:13:01,365 --> 00:13:04,187
human hierarchy as a consequence of the expression of power.
人类等级制度是权力表达的结果

192
00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:05,492
It's like, that's wrong.
就像 这是错误的

193
00:13:05,492 --> 00:13:09,784
You climb up valid hierarchies as a consequence of the expression of competence.
你爬上有效的等级制度是能力表达的结果

194
00:13:09,784 --> 00:13:11,571
And that's actually technically right.
这实际上在技术上是正确的

195
00:13:11,571 --> 00:13:14,986
He was exactly the right person to tell me that because he had
他正是告诉我这一点的合适人选 因为他在攻读

196
00:13:14,986 --> 00:13:18,348
done his PhD on what predicts success in Western hierarchies.
博士学位时研究了什么可以预测西方等级制度的成功

197
00:13:18,360 --> 00:13:19,662
And the answer is quite clear.
答案很清楚

198
00:13:19,662 --> 00:13:25,393
General cognitive ability, some prefrontal ability as well, which was what he
specifically tested.
一般认知能力 还有一些前额叶能力 这是他专门测试的

199
00:13:25,393 --> 00:13:30,008
So intelligence, roughly speaking, although it's a little bit more elaborate than
intelligence,
所以智力 粗略地说 虽然它比智力更复杂一点

200
00:13:30,008 --> 00:13:31,210
but that's close enough.
但这已经足够接近了
201
00:13:31,210 --> 00:13:35,993
And trait conscientiousness accounts for about 50 percent of the variance in long-
term success.
特质责任心占长期成功方差的 50%

202
00:13:35,993 --> 00:13:39,407
And you think, well, hey, how do you want your Society to be structured?
你会想 好吧 嘿 你希望你的社会如何构建？

203
00:13:39,420 --> 00:13:45,199
It seems pretty good to me that smart, hard-working people are the ones most likely
to succeed.
对我来说 聪明、勤奋的人最有可能成功 这似乎很好

204
00:13:45,199 --> 00:13:48,597
That's not a bad empirical test of the validity of a structure.
这是对结构有效性的一个不错的实证测试

205
00:13:48,597 --> 00:13:51,589
You know, especially given how much vagary there is in life.
你知道 尤其是考虑到生活中有多少变幻莫测

206
00:13:51,589 --> 00:13:53,520
Lots of random things happen to people.
很多随机的事情发生在人们身上

207
00:13:53,520 --> 00:13:57,931
But it's better to be born three standard deviations above the mean in intelligence
但是在西方 出生时智力高于平均值三个

208
00:13:57,931 --> 00:14:02,448
in the west than it is to be born three standard deviations above the mean in
wealth.
标准差比出生时财富高于平均值三个标准差要好

209
00:14:02,459 --> 00:14:05,370
In relationship to where you'll end up when you're 40.
与你 40 岁时的结局有关

210
00:14:05,370 --> 00:14:10,530
So he said to use the word competence hierarchy, or we decided that I think that's
much better.
所以他说使用能力等级这个词 或者我们决定我认为这要好得多

211
00:14:10,530 --> 00:14:16,766
So chapter one is a bit of a meditation on the nature of hierarchies and the
biochemistry of hierarchy,
所以第一章是对等级制度的本质和等级制度生物化学的一点沉思

212
00:14:16,766 --> 00:14:21,444
but it's also an injunction about how to present yourself, because you don't.
但这也是关于如何展示自己的禁令 因为你没有

213
00:14:21,444 --> 00:14:27,548
You want to present yourself to the world in a manner that that doesn't disgrace
you in some sense,
你想以某种意义上不羞辱你的方式向世界展示自己

214
00:14:27,548 --> 00:14:30,540
that that might be a good way to think about it.
这可能是一个很好的思考方式

215
00:14:30,540 --> 00:14:37,072
And you don't want to disgrace yourself, because the consequence of disgrace is is
emotional dysregulation, more pain,
你不想羞辱自己 因为羞辱的后果是情绪失调 更多的痛苦

216
00:14:37,072 --> 00:14:43,166
less positive emotion, and so the best way to present yourself is to stand up
forthrightly and to stretch out,
不太积极的情绪 所以展示自己的最好方法是直截了当地站起来 伸展身体

217
00:14:43,166 --> 00:14:48,491
you know, and to occupy some space, and to to to make yourself sort of vulnerable
by doing that,
你知道 占据一些空间 这样做会让自己变得有点脆弱

218
00:14:48,491 --> 00:14:50,907
because you open up the front of your body.
因为你打开了身体的前部

219
00:14:50,907 --> 00:14:52,723
Right? But it's a sign of confidence.
对吗？但这是自信的标志

220
00:14:52,723 --> 00:14:57,289
And that way people are most likely to give you the benefit of the doubt.
这样人们最有可能给你怀疑的好处

221
00:14:57,300 --> 00:15:00,216
And that's a good way to start regulating your mood,
这是开始调节情绪的好方法

222
00:15:00,216 --> 00:15:05,554
but not only does it directly regulate your mood to stand up because it's so
tightly Associated,
但它不仅直接调节你站起来的情绪 因为它是如此紧密相关

223
00:15:05,554 --> 00:15:09,901
like posture reflection is associated with serotonin and emotional regulation,
就像姿势反射与血清素和情绪调节有关

224
00:15:09,901 --> 00:15:14,249
but also because if you straighten up and you present yourself in that manner,
还因为如果你挺直身子 以这种方式展示自己

225
00:15:14,249 --> 00:15:17,386
then other people are more likely to take you seriously.
那么其他人更有可能认真对待你

226
00:15:17,386 --> 00:15:22,247
And that means they'll start treating you as if you're a number one Lobster instead
of a number 10 Lobster.
这意味着他们会开始把你当成头号龙虾 而不是十号龙虾

227
00:15:22,260 --> 00:15:27,320
And that's another way that you can at least give yourself the bloody benefit of
the doubt.
这是另一种方式 你至少可以让自己从怀疑中获益

228
00:15:27,320 --> 00:15:32,478
Right? And and and and and and and and and confront the world in a courageous
Manner.
对吗？然后 然后 然后 然后 然后 以勇敢的方式面对这个世界

229
00:15:32,478 --> 00:15:39,887
And that's a really good way of also of of figuring out how to establish yourself
in multiple competence hierarchies.
这也是一个非常好的方法 来弄清楚如何在多重能力层次结构中建立自己

230
00:15:39,899 --> 00:15:44,041
Because one of the general rules of thumb about how to be successful
因为关于如何成功的一般经验法则

231
00:15:44,041 --> 00:15:48,305
is to confront things that frighten you forthrightly and with courage.
之一是直截了当地勇敢面对让你害怕的事情

232
00:15:48,305 --> 00:15:51,046
And that's kind of a universal strategy for success.
这是一种普遍的成功策略

233
00:15:51,060 --> 00:15:53,452
And so that's what the verse chapter is about.
这就是诗歌章节的内容

234
00:15:53,452 --> 00:15:54,619
So that's quite fun.
所以那很有趣

235
00:15:54,619 --> 00:15:55,785
My graduate students.
我的研究生们

236
00:15:55,785 --> 00:15:57,261
I told them these Lobster stories.
我给他们讲了这些龙虾的故事

237
00:15:57,261 --> 00:16:01,792
I have my graduate students when we used to vote for breakfast and they were a very
competitive Bunch,
我有我的研究生 当我们过去常常投票给早餐时 他们是一个非常有竞争力的一群人

238
00:16:01,792 --> 00:16:02,936
very fractious and witty.
非常暴躁和机智

239
00:16:02,936 --> 00:16:05,773
And they're always trying to get one over on each other, right?
他们总是试图让对方赢 对吗？

240
00:16:05,773 --> 00:16:08,569
And making some witty put down or something like that.
做一些机智的贬低之类的事情

241
00:16:08,569 --> 00:16:14,333
And it got to the point in the restaurants where they put their claws in the air
and clicked like this when they,
在餐馆里 他们把爪子举到空中 像这样咔哒作响 当他们

242
00:16:14,333 --> 00:16:19,946
you know, got one over on one of their colleagues, which was very peculiar and
strange and very funny as well.
你知道 比他们的一个同事赢了一个 这非常奇怪 也非常有趣

243
00:16:19,946 --> 00:16:22,788
So so that's rule number one.
所以这是第一条规则

244
00:16:22,800 --> 00:16:32,517
Um rule number two is, uh, treat yourself like you're someone that you care about
and that that's a deeper chapter.
嗯 第二条规则是 呃 像对待你关心的人一样对待自己 这是更深层次的一章

245
00:16:32,517 --> 00:16:37,813
I would say. Like chapter one is kind of comical, but it's also got this serious
scientific end, for example,
我会说 就像第一章有点滑稽 但它也有严肃的科学结局 例如

246
00:16:37,813 --> 00:16:40,124
and it's practical, like most of the rules are.
它是实用的 就像大多数规则一样

247
00:16:40,139 --> 00:16:43,850
Chapter two is a bit of a meditation on why?
第二章有点像是对为什么的沉思？

248
00:16:43,860 --> 00:16:45,353
See, I read this.
看 我读了这个

249
00:16:45,353 --> 00:16:48,889
I read this, this piece of work by Jung a long while back,
我很久以前读过荣格的这篇作品

250
00:16:48,889 --> 00:16:55,124
and it was a meditation on um the injunction to treat your neighbor as as you would
like to be treated.
这是对嗯 像你希望被对待一样对待你的邻居的禁令的沉思

251
00:16:55,139 --> 00:16:56,324
Something like that.
类似的东西

252
00:16:56,324 --> 00:17:01,915
And what Jung pointed out, which I really liked, was that that wasn't an injunction
to be nice to other people.
荣格指出 我非常喜欢的是 这不是对他人友好的禁令

253
00:17:01,915 --> 00:17:04,009
It was an invitation to reciprocity.
这是互惠的邀请

254
00:17:04,009 --> 00:17:05,485
It was something like this.
事情是这样的

255
00:17:05,485 --> 00:17:10,464
It's like you should figure out how you would like to be treated like you were
taking care of yourself,
就像你应该弄清楚你希望别人如何对待你 就像你照顾自己一样

256
00:17:10,464 --> 00:17:12,810
not how you would like people to respond to you.
而不是你希望别人如何回应你

257
00:17:12,810 --> 00:17:14,073
It's more important than that.
这比那更重要

258
00:17:14,073 --> 00:17:16,647
It's like, imagine you had a child that you really cared for.
就像 想象你有一个你真正关心的孩子

259
00:17:16,647 --> 00:17:21,920
And and someone said, well, people will treat this child exactly like you want them
to,
有人说 嗯 人们会像你希望的那样对待这个孩子

260
00:17:21,920 --> 00:17:24,377
but you have to figure out what that is.
但你必须弄清楚那是什么

261
00:17:24,377 --> 00:17:27,358
And so then you'd have to sit down for like a month and you'd think, okay, well,
然后你必须坐下来一个月 你会想 好吧 好吧

262
00:17:27,358 --> 00:17:28,905
how do you want your child to be treated?
你希望你的孩子受到怎样的对待？

263
00:17:28,905 --> 00:17:30,656
You don't want everyone just to be nice to him.
你不希望每个人都对他好

264
00:17:30,656 --> 00:17:33,855
You know, you want people to challenge them and you want people to discipline them.
你知道 你希望人们挑战他们 你希望人们约束他们

265
00:17:33,855 --> 00:17:35,829
And you want people to tell them when he's wrong.
你希望人们告诉他们他错了

266
00:17:35,829 --> 00:17:37,726
It's like you don't just want everyone to be nice.
就好像你不只是希望每个人都好
267
00:17:37,740 --> 00:17:39,090
That's, that's pathetic.
那 那太可悲了

268
00:17:39,090 --> 00:17:39,890
It's pathetic.
太可悲了

269
00:17:39,900 --> 00:17:42,197
There's, there's no challenge in that.
这没有挑战

270
00:17:42,197 --> 00:17:46,764
And so, well, you want to treat other people like you would like to be treated.
所以 好吧 你想像对待自己一样对待别人

271
00:17:46,764 --> 00:17:49,369
Well, then you have to figure out how would you like to be treated?
好吧 然后你必须弄清楚你想被如何对待？

272
00:17:49,380 --> 00:17:53,769
And while you'd like people to farm all over you and just lay everything at your
feet, it's like, no,
虽然你希望人们在你身上耕种 把一切都放在你的脚下 但就像 不

273
00:17:53,769 --> 00:17:57,427
that's that's not something you'd wish for for someone that you were taking care
of.
这不是你希望你照顾的人做的事情

274
00:17:57,427 --> 00:18:00,219
And then then there's an additional problem, which is,
然后还有一个额外的问题 那就是

275
00:18:00,219 --> 00:18:04,841
it's often the case that people will treat other people better than they treat
themselves.
通常情况下 人们对待别人比对待自己更好

276
00:18:04,841 --> 00:18:07,112
That happens extremely frequently.
这种情况非常常见

277
00:18:07,112 --> 00:18:09,608
So one of the things I pointed out chapter two,
所以我在第二章指出的一件事

278
00:18:09,608 --> 00:18:14,965
was that if you have a dog and you take him to a vet and the vet gives you your
prescription medicine,
如果你有一只狗 你带它去看兽医 兽医给你开处方药

279
00:18:14,965 --> 00:18:19,543
you'll go buy the medicine and you will give it to the dog and you will do it
properly.
你会去买药 你会把它给狗 你会正确地做这件事

280
00:18:19,543 --> 00:18:22,968
But if you go yourself to a doctor and you get a prescription,
但是如果你自己去看医生 拿到处方

281
00:18:22,968 --> 00:18:27,101
there's one that there's a 30 chance you won't even pick up the medication.
有 30%的可能性你甚至不会去拿药

282
00:18:27,101 --> 00:18:32,089
And if you do, there's a 50 chance that you won't administer it to yourself
properly.
如果你这样做了 有 50%的可能性你不会正确地给自己用药

283
00:18:32,100 --> 00:18:35,410
And so I really thought about that when I first came across that statistic.
所以当我第一次看到这个统计数据时 我真的想过这个问题

284
00:18:35,410 --> 00:18:37,071
It really, it was another one of those little facts.
真的 这是另一个小事实

285
00:18:37,071 --> 00:18:38,935
I thought, what the hell's up with that?
我想 这到底是怎么回事？

286
00:18:38,935 --> 00:18:40,976
It's like you'll do it for your dog.
就像你会为你的狗做这件事

287
00:18:40,976 --> 00:18:46,246
So obviously you'll do it for something you care about and your conscientious
enough.
所以很明显 你会为你关心的事情和你足够认真的事情做这件事

288
00:18:46,246 --> 00:18:47,289
So you'll actually do it.
所以你真的会这么做

289
00:18:47,289 --> 00:18:49,611
So like, why wouldn't you do it for you?
比如 你为什么不为你自己做呢？

290
00:18:49,611 --> 00:18:50,535
Your dog likes you.
你的狗喜欢你

291
00:18:50,535 --> 00:18:52,757
You know, even your dog would rather that you did.
你知道 即使是你的狗也宁愿你这样做

292
00:18:52,757 --> 00:18:53,857
But. But you don't.
但是 但是你没有

293
00:18:53,857 --> 00:18:58,971
You don't. And and it's actually one of the reasons that modern medicine doesn't
work nearly as well as it could,
你没有 这实际上是现代医学没有发挥应有作用的原因之一

294
00:18:58,971 --> 00:19:01,170
because people just don't take their medication.
因为人们就是不吃药

295
00:19:01,170 --> 00:19:03,849
And it's not only because they don't take care of themselves.
这不仅仅是因为他们不照顾自己

296
00:19:03,849 --> 00:19:08,919
There's some skepticism about doctors, but you could be just as skeptical about the
vet.
有人对医生持怀疑态度 但你也可以对兽医持怀疑态度

297
00:19:08,919 --> 00:19:11,428
So it's a deep meditation, I would say.
所以我认为这是一种深刻的冥想

298
00:19:11,428 --> 00:19:14,479
And it's what I've done with these rules is they're very simple rules,
这就是我对这些规则所做的 它们是非常简单的规则

299
00:19:14,479 --> 00:19:17,144
and they're kind of comical and tongue-in-cheek in some ways.
在某些方面 它们有点滑稽和开玩笑

300
00:19:17,160 --> 00:19:20,643
But what I've tried to do is like pull them apart and show
但我试图做的是把它们分开

301
00:19:20,643 --> 00:19:24,481
what's underneath them and to go down as deep as I possibly can.
展示它们下面的东西 并尽可能深入

302
00:19:24,481 --> 00:19:29,878
And in rule two, it's a bit of a meditation on why people don't like themselves
very much.
在第二条规则中 这是对为什么人们不太喜欢自己的一种沉思

303
00:19:29,878 --> 00:19:32,302
And I think there's two reasons really.
我认为有两个原因

304
00:19:32,302 --> 00:19:39,494
And one is that we're we're fragile and damageable and imperfect in multiple
Dimensions all the time.
一个是我们是脆弱的 我们一直在多个维度上都是不完美的

305
00:19:39,494 --> 00:19:41,756
And that often just gets worse.
这往往会变得更糟

306
00:19:41,756 --> 00:19:44,326
It gets lots of things get worse as you get old, for example.
例如 随着年龄的增长 很多事情会变得更糟

307
00:19:44,326 --> 00:19:52,381
So it's not necessarily that easy for a self-conscious being who's extraordinarily
aware of his or her own fragility.
所以对于一个有自我意识的人来说 不一定那么容易 他或她非常清楚自己的脆弱

308
00:19:52,381 --> 00:19:54,770
And but not just fragility.
但不仅仅是脆弱

309
00:19:54,780 --> 00:19:57,056
Um, foolishness and errors.
嗯 愚蠢和错误

310
00:19:57,056 --> 00:19:59,990
History. Like you know yourself better than anyone else knows you.
历史 就像你比任何人都更了解你自己

311
00:19:59,990 --> 00:20:05,512
And you know you you might have a certain amount of dislike for someone you know,
because of something they did,
你知道你可能对你认识的人有一定程度的厌恶 因为他们做了什么

312
00:20:05,512 --> 00:20:07,125
but you know everything you did.
但你知道你做的一切

313
00:20:07,140 --> 00:20:08,704
Jesus, that's a drag man.
上帝 那是个拖拉的人

314
00:20:08,704 --> 00:20:10,728
You know, you have to carry that along behind.
你知道 你必须把它带在后面

315
00:20:10,728 --> 00:20:14,098
It's like, really, I did that, you know, and then so there's that.
就像 真的 我做了 你知道 然后就这样了

316
00:20:14,098 --> 00:20:20,091
It's like you're you're weak and kind of useless and prone to Temptation, and you
know all those things you know,
就像你很虚弱 有点没用 容易受到诱惑 你知道你知道的所有事情

317
00:20:20,091 --> 00:20:21,826
that just shouldn't be that way.
不应该是这样的

318
00:20:21,840 --> 00:20:25,447
And then you're also capable of pretty vicious acts of malevolence.
然后你也有能力做出非常恶毒的恶毒行为

319
00:20:25,447 --> 00:20:27,430
And so you also know that about yourself.
所以你也知道你自己

320
00:20:27,430 --> 00:20:30,069
And so it's a real existential question for people.
所以这对人们来说是一个真正的存在主义问题

321
00:20:30,069 --> 00:20:34,288
It's like, why the hell should you take care of something as sorry and wretched as
you are?
就像 你为什么要处理像你这样可怜的事情？

322
00:20:34,288 --> 00:20:36,430
And that's really what the chapter is about.
这就是这一章的真正内容
323
00:20:36,430 --> 00:20:40,690
It's because the answer in the chapter is, yeah, yeah, yeah, you know, you're,
first of all, yes,
因为这一章的答案是 是的 是的 是的 你知道 首先 是的

324
00:20:40,690 --> 00:20:43,342
you're pretty useless and terrible, but so is everyone else.
你很没用 很糟糕 但其他人也是

325
00:20:43,342 --> 00:20:45,808
And that's actually an existential problem.
这实际上是一个存在主义问题

326
00:20:45,808 --> 00:20:47,492
Right? And what I mean by that?
对吗？我的意思是什么？

327
00:20:47,492 --> 00:20:51,224
It's a problem that every human being has always had and always will.
这是一个每个人都一直存在并将永远存在的问题

328
00:20:51,224 --> 00:20:54,581
So it's not just you, it's a universal problem.
所以不仅仅是你 这是一个普遍的问题

329
00:20:54,581 --> 00:20:55,727
And that there is.
确实有

330
00:20:55,740 --> 00:20:56,962
There's an answer to that.
这个问题有一个答案

331
00:20:56,962 --> 00:20:59,457
And one of them is to what is it to say?
其中一个是说什么？

332
00:20:59,457 --> 00:21:01,186
Love The Sinner, but hate the sin?
爱罪人 但恨罪恶？

333
00:21:01,186 --> 00:21:05,900
It's something like that, is that despite the fact that you're not all that you
could be,
这是类似的 尽管你不是你能成为的全部

334
00:21:05,900 --> 00:21:09,095
the proper attitude to have towards yourself is the attitude
对自己的正确态度是你

335
00:21:09,095 --> 00:21:12,552
that you would have towards someone that you genuinely cared for,
对你真正关心的人的态度

336
00:21:12,552 --> 00:21:16,586
and that it's incumbent on you to act as if you genuinely care for yourself,
你有责任表现得好像你真的关心自己

337
00:21:16,586 --> 00:21:21,248
just like you would act towards someone that you actually cared about some other
person.
就像你会对你真正关心的人采取行动一样

338
00:21:21,248 --> 00:21:23,850
And so it's a reversal in some sense of the golden rule.
所以这在某种意义上是黄金法则的逆转

339
00:21:23,850 --> 00:21:27,919
Right? And and it's a discussion of why that's necessary.
对吗？这是对为什么这是必要的讨论

340
00:21:27,919 --> 00:21:33,326
And also more than that, it's a discussion of why why you have a moral obligation
to do that.
更重要的是 这是一个关于为什么你有道德义务这样做的讨论

341
00:21:33,326 --> 00:21:35,815
It's not just that you should, because it would be better for you.
不仅仅是你应该这样做 因为这对你更好

342
00:21:35,815 --> 00:21:37,848
It's you actually have a moral obligation to do that.
你实际上有道德义务这样做

343
00:21:37,848 --> 00:21:43,610
I think, because you make the world a much better place, a much worse place if you
don't take care of yourself.
我认为 因为你让世界变得更好 如果你不照顾好自己 世界会变得更糟

344
00:21:43,620 --> 00:21:46,008
So you should bloody well take care of yourself.
所以你应该好好照顾自己

345
00:21:46,008 --> 00:21:49,066
You know, because, well, that's what the chapter is about.
你知道 因为 嗯 这就是这一章的内容

346
00:21:49,080 --> 00:21:53,026
It's partly because you have something valuable to bring into the world.
部分原因是你有一些有价值的东西要带到这个世界上

347
00:21:53,039 --> 00:21:54,942
That's the thing about being an individual.
这就是作为一个个体的问题

348
00:21:54,942 --> 00:21:59,007
It's the thing that Western Civilization has always recognized that as an
individual,
这是西方文明一直认识到的 作为一个个体

349
00:21:59,007 --> 00:22:03,829
you have a light that you have to bring into the world and that if you don't bring
it into the world,
你有一束光 你必须把它带到这个世界上 如果你不把它带到这个世界上

350
00:22:03,829 --> 00:22:05,201
the world is a dimmer place.
这个世界是一个更暗淡的地方

351
00:22:05,201 --> 00:22:10,317
And that's a bad thing, because when the world is a dim place, it can get very,
very, very dark.
这是一件坏事 因为当世界是一个暗淡的地方时 它会变得非常非常黑暗

352
00:22:10,317 --> 00:22:15,518
And so it's not just so that you feel better, not just so that you're a number one
Lobster.
所以这不仅仅是为了让你感觉更好 不仅仅是为了让你成为头号龙虾

353
00:22:15,518 --> 00:22:21,052
None of those things you need to take care of yourself because you're in the best
position to do that and it's
这些事情你都不需要照顾自己 因为你处于最好的

354
00:22:21,052 --> 00:22:24,292
necessary for you to take care of yourself despite the fact that
位置 你有必要照顾好自己 尽管我们是

355
00:22:24,292 --> 00:22:27,284
we're mortal and vulnerable and self-conscious and capable,
凡人 脆弱 自我意识和能力

356
00:22:27,284 --> 00:22:30,525
not only capable of doing terrible things, but actually do them.
不仅能够做可怕的事情 而且实际上做到了

357
00:22:30,539 --> 00:22:36,399
Despite all that, you, you're still, you still have that responsibility.
尽管如此 你 你仍然 你仍然有责任

358
00:22:36,399 --> 00:22:41,274
And so I wanted to, you know, hit the question as hard as I can to try to figure
out well,
所以我想 你知道 尽我所能回答这个问题 试着弄清楚

359
00:22:41,274 --> 00:22:44,060
why people are have are contemptuous of themselves.
为什么人们会蔑视自己

360
00:22:44,060 --> 00:22:46,498
And there's plenty of reason, that's for sure.
这是有很多理由的 这是肯定的

361
00:22:46,498 --> 00:22:50,748
But the reasons do not justify the mistreatment of yourself.
但是这些理由不能证明虐待自己是正当的

362
00:22:50,760 --> 00:22:51,928
It's as simple as that.
就这么简单

363
00:22:51,928 --> 00:22:53,476
It's not a good strategy.
这不是一个好策略

364
00:22:53,476 --> 00:22:57,648
And the next rule is make friends with people who want the best for you.
下一条规则是和那些想给你最好的人交朋友

365
00:22:57,659 --> 00:23:01,215
And that's a meditation on my own childhood and Adolescence.
这是对我自己童年和青春期的沉思

366
00:23:01,215 --> 00:23:05,520
To some degree, I had friends who wanted the best for me and friends who didn't.
在某种程度上 我有朋友想给我最好的 也有朋友不想

367
00:23:05,520 --> 00:23:12,257
And you know, they were friends who some of them were aiming up and some of them
were aiming down.
你知道 他们是一些瞄准目标的朋友 一些瞄准目标的朋友
368
00:23:12,257 --> 00:23:15,753
And if you have a friend that's aiming down and you do something that's aiming up,
如果你有一个瞄准目标的朋友 你做了一些瞄准目标的事情

369
00:23:15,753 --> 00:23:17,775
then they're generally not that happy about it.
他们通常不会对此感到高兴

370
00:23:17,775 --> 00:23:22,244
You know, they try to top your accomplishment with one of their own hypothetical or
real,
你知道 他们试图用他们自己的一个假设或真实的东西来超越你的成就

371
00:23:22,244 --> 00:23:23,784
or put down what you're doing,
或者放下你正在做的事情

372
00:23:23,784 --> 00:23:28,402
or offer you a cigarette if you're trying to quit and you've kind of done that
successfully,
或者如果你想戒烟 并且你已经成功了 给你一支烟

373
00:23:28,402 --> 00:23:33,220
or a drink if you've been drinking too much and are trying to stop being an
alcoholic, you know?
或者如果你喝得太多 试图停止酗酒 你知道吗？

374
00:23:33,220 --> 00:23:37,442
Or or yeah, they're cynical and bitter and and devoted towards no good.
或者是的 他们愤世嫉俗、痛苦 致力于做坏事

375
00:23:37,442 --> 00:23:42,525
And sometimes that's family members too, and sometimes it's even part of you, you
know?
有时这也是家庭成员 有时甚至是你的一部分 你知道吗？

376
00:23:42,525 --> 00:23:45,095
But this chapter is a injunction to people.
但这一章是对人们的禁令

377
00:23:45,095 --> 00:23:49,148
Is like like you have an ethical responsibility to take care of yourself.
就像你有照顾自己的道德责任

378
00:23:49,148 --> 00:23:56,663
You have an ethical responsibility to surround yourself with people who have the
courage and and faith and
你有道德责任和有勇气、信念和智慧的人在你做了

379
00:23:56,663 --> 00:24:04,600
wisdom to wish you well when you've done something good and to stop you when you're
doing something destructive.
好事时祝你一切顺利 当你做了破坏性的事情时阻止你

380
00:24:04,600 --> 00:24:07,937
And if your friends aren't like that, then they're not your friends,
如果你的朋友不是这样 那么他们就不是你的朋友

381
00:24:07,937 --> 00:24:11,807
and maintaining your friendships with them might not even be in their interest.
和他们保持友谊甚至可能不符合他们的利益

382
00:24:11,820 --> 00:24:17,042
And so it's a tricky argument to make because I'm not saying, you know, whenever
anyone's in trouble, you should,
所以这是一个棘手的论点 因为我不是说 你知道 每当有人有麻烦的时候 你应该

383
00:24:17,042 --> 00:24:20,295
you know, push them into a ditch and then give them a couple of kicks.
你知道 把他们推到沟里 然后踢他们几脚

384
00:24:20,295 --> 00:24:22,309
That's. That's not the idea.
那是 那不是我的想法

385
00:24:22,320 --> 00:24:23,518
The idea is that.
想法是这样的

386
00:24:23,518 --> 00:24:26,181
But I had a couple of rules I didn't write about.
但是我有几条规则我没有写

387
00:24:26,181 --> 00:24:30,115
One was be careful, uh, be careful about whom you share good news with,
一个是小心 呃 小心你和谁分享好消息

388
00:24:30,115 --> 00:24:33,559
and another was be careful about whom you share bad news with.
另一个是小心你和谁分享坏消息

389
00:24:33,559 --> 00:24:34,471
And everyone.
每个人
390
00:24:34,471 --> 00:24:37,250
Those rules ring in people's minds quite quickly.
这些规则很快就会在人们的脑海中回响

391
00:24:37,250 --> 00:24:39,319
A friend is someone you can share good news with.
朋友是你可以分享好消息的人

392
00:24:39,319 --> 00:24:42,353
You know, you go to them and you say, hey, look, this good thing happened to me.
你知道 你去找他们说 嘿 看 这件好事发生在我身上

393
00:24:42,353 --> 00:24:45,213
And they say, look, I'm so happy that that happened to you.
他们说 听着 我很高兴这发生在你身上

394
00:24:45,213 --> 00:24:47,265
Like way to be. And they don't think, God damn it.
就像这样 他们不会想 该死的

395
00:24:47,265 --> 00:24:48,408
Why didn't that happen to me?
为什么这没有发生在我身上？

396
00:24:48,408 --> 00:24:50,320
And like, you know, you didn't deserve it.
就像 你知道 你不值得

397
00:24:50,320 --> 00:24:52,769
Here's a bunch of reasons you're stupid and why it won't work.
这里有一堆你愚蠢的原因 以及为什么它不起作用

398
00:24:52,769 --> 00:24:54,572
It's like, that's not helpful.
就像 这没有帮助

399
00:24:54,572 --> 00:24:58,444
And so I would say, like if people are, you know what the other thing people are
doing,
所以我会说 就像如果人们是 你知道人们在做什么

400
00:24:58,444 --> 00:25:00,028
if they're trying to drag you down,
如果他们想拖累你

401
00:25:00,028 --> 00:25:03,240
let's say is they're trying to see if you'll put up with it because they
比方说 他们想看看你是否会忍受

402
00:25:03,240 --> 00:25:06,497
have this idea that maybe life isn't worth living and things aren't good.
因为他们认为生活不值得过 事情也不好

403
00:25:06,497 --> 00:25:11,797
And then if they can be smirched, let's say to use an archaic term, something
that's pristine and good.
然后如果他们可以被嘲笑 比方说用一个古老的术语 一些原始而美好的东西

404
00:25:11,797 --> 00:25:15,225
Then they demonstrate to themselves that there is no true ideal and
然后他们向自己证明没有真正

405
00:25:15,225 --> 00:25:18,957
that there's no necessary reason to be responsible and to strive forward.
的理想 没有必要负责和努力前进

406
00:25:18,957 --> 00:25:21,071
And so they use you, which is a test case.
所以他们利用你 这是一个测试案例

407
00:25:21,071 --> 00:25:25,512
You know, I'll just push you down into the low Lobster bin and see how you respond.
你知道 我会把你推到低矮的龙虾箱里 看看你会怎么回应

408
00:25:25,512 --> 00:25:29,031
And if you put up with it, then yeah, my cynicism is fully Justified.
如果你忍受了 那么是的 我的愤世嫉俗是完全有道理的

409
00:25:29,031 --> 00:25:36,023
And so well, that's chapter three, and it's a painful chapter because it also
details the suicide of one of my friends,
这是第三章 这是一个痛苦的章节 因为它也详细描述了我一个朋友的自杀

410
00:25:36,023 --> 00:25:41,851
which occurred over a very long period of time, not the actual suicide, but all the
prodroma to it.
这发生在很长一段时间里 不是真正的自杀 而是所有的前驱

411
00:25:41,851 --> 00:25:42,934
And so and it's.
所以 这是

412
00:25:42,934 --> 00:25:44,586
It's a. It's a contentious chapter.
这是一个有争议的章节
413
00:25:44,600 --> 00:25:53,785
Number four is uh, compare yourself to who you were yesterday, not to who someone
else is today.
第四个是 呃 把你自己和昨天的你比较 而不是和今天的别人比较

414
00:25:53,785 --> 00:25:57,510
And the reason I wrote that was because I had this client, 10.
我写这篇文章的原因是因为我有一个 10 岁的客户

415
00:25:57,510 --> 00:26:02,165
I'm a clinical psychologist and I've spent 20 hours a week for 25 years listening
to people,
我是一名临床心理学家 25 年来 我每周花 20 个小时倾听别人

416
00:26:02,165 --> 00:26:05,018
listening to people tell me about their lives, you know,
听人们告诉我他们的生活 你知道

417
00:26:05,018 --> 00:26:09,673
and and those people were people who were just barely hanging on to the bottom of
the world,
这些人只是勉强坚持到世界的底部

418
00:26:09,673 --> 00:26:11,526
up to people who were so successful.
取决于那些如此成功的人

419
00:26:11,526 --> 00:26:14,430
You can hardly believe it, like the entire gamut of people.
你几乎不敢相信 就像所有的人一样

420
00:26:14,430 --> 00:26:17,360
And and that's been absolutely fascinating.
这绝对令人着迷

421
00:26:17,360 --> 00:26:21,196
It's like it's like being a clinical psychologist, if you really listen,
就像成为一名临床心理学家 如果你真的听

422
00:26:21,196 --> 00:26:24,298
is like being immersed in a Dostoevsky novel all the time.
就像一直沉浸在陀思妥耶夫斯基的小说中

423
00:26:24,298 --> 00:26:28,581
You know, because it's amazing what people will tell you if you listen to them.
你知道 因为如果你听他们的话 人们会告诉你什么是令人惊讶的
424
00:26:28,581 --> 00:26:30,422
They are. People are so interesting.
他们是 人们太有趣了

425
00:26:30,422 --> 00:26:32,618
If you actually listen to them because they're so peculiar.
如果你真的听他们的话 因为他们太奇怪了

426
00:26:32,618 --> 00:26:38,496
Like they're like penguins or rhinoceroses and ostriches, they're unlikely
creatures.
就像企鹅、犀牛和鸵鸟一样 他们不太可能是生物

427
00:26:38,496 --> 00:26:42,378
And anyways, um with regards to to, uh,
不管怎样 嗯 关于 呃

428
00:26:42,378 --> 00:26:50,629
comparing yourself to who you were yesterday and not just who someone else is
today.
把你自己和昨天的你比较 而不仅仅是今天的别人

429
00:26:50,640 --> 00:26:52,261
Um, this old client of mine.
嗯 我的这个老客户

430
00:26:52,261 --> 00:26:54,420
He was about 85 when he came to see me.
他来找我的时候大约 85 岁

431
00:26:54,420 --> 00:26:57,477
And he was a financier and a kind of a mathematical genius.
他是个金融家 也是个数学天才

432
00:26:57,477 --> 00:27:01,082
He made these little pendants out of a a mathematical symbol for
他用数学符号做了这些小吊坠

433
00:27:01,082 --> 00:27:04,633
the most beautiful mathematical equation that was ever written.
代表有史以来最美丽的数学方程式

434
00:27:04,633 --> 00:27:07,245
He made them out of gold and he would hand those out.
他用金子做的 然后分发出去

435
00:27:07,245 --> 00:27:13,960
And and he he had studied psychology as a young man, and he introduced me to this
concept that I didn't know about,
他年轻时学过心理学 他向我介绍了一个我不知道的概念

436
00:27:13,960 --> 00:27:16,507
called the Pareto distribution, which, see,
叫做帕累托分布 你看

437
00:27:16,507 --> 00:27:21,891
I'd been taught as a psychologist that most human characteristics were normally
distributed.
作为一名心理学家 我被告知大多数人类特征都是正态分布的

438
00:27:21,891 --> 00:27:25,225
Right? So most people were average and some people were extreme.
对吗？所以大多数人是平均的 有些人是极端的

439
00:27:25,225 --> 00:27:27,269
That's a pre or a normal distribution.
这是一个前正态分布

440
00:27:27,269 --> 00:27:28,488
Intelligence is like that.
智力就是这样

441
00:27:28,500 --> 00:27:32,719
And height. There's more people of average height than than very tall or very
short.
还有身高 平均身高的人比非常高或非常矮的人多

442
00:27:32,719 --> 00:27:34,007
And and weight is like that.
体重就是这样

443
00:27:34,020 --> 00:27:36,130
And lots of things are normally distributed.
很多东西都是正态分布的

444
00:27:36,130 --> 00:27:39,947
And psychologists tend to assume that everything is, but it isn't.
心理学家倾向于假设一切都是正态分布的 但事实并非如此

445
00:27:39,960 --> 00:27:43,799
Creative products are distributed in a Pareto distribution.
创意产品以帕累托分布分布

446
00:27:43,799 --> 00:27:45,188
And that's a whole different thing.
这是完全不同的事情

447
00:27:45,188 --> 00:27:46,660
And it's really important to know this.
知道这一点非常重要

448
00:27:46,660 --> 00:27:53,205
It's another fundamental fact, the knowledge of which can sort of transform the way
you conceptualize, let's say,
这是另一个基本事实 对它的了解可以改变你概念化的方式 比方说

449
00:27:53,205 --> 00:27:54,641
the political landscape.
政治格局

450
00:27:54,641 --> 00:27:58,127
So here's an example of the Pareto distribution of, you know,
这里有一个帕累托分布的例子 你知道

451
00:27:58,127 --> 00:28:02,738
there's a rule of thumb that if you run a company that 20 of your employees do 80
有一个经验法则 如果你经营一家公司 你的 20 名员工

452
00:28:02,738 --> 00:28:07,575
percent of the work or the 20 of your customers are responsible for 80 of your
sales,
做了 80%的工作 或者你的 20 名客户负责你 80%的销售

453
00:28:07,575 --> 00:28:11,625
or the 20 of them are responsible for 80 of the customer service calls.
或者他们中的 20 人负责 80 个客户服务电话

454
00:28:11,640 --> 00:28:13,865
Same thing, but that's not exactly the rule.
同样的事情 但这并不完全是规则

455
00:28:13,865 --> 00:28:15,544
The rule is worse than that.
规则比这更糟糕

456
00:28:15,544 --> 00:28:22,780
The rule is in a given domain, the square root of the number of people operating in
that domain.
规则是在给定的域中 在该域中工作的人数的平方根

457
00:28:22,780 --> 00:28:24,766
Do half the productive work.
做一半的生产性工作
458
00:28:24,779 --> 00:28:27,329
So you think, well, you have 10 employees, three of them do half the work.
所以你想 好吧 你有 10 名员工 其中 3 人做一半的工作

459
00:28:27,329 --> 00:28:33,286
It's like, yeah, okay, what if you have 100 employees, then 10 of them do half the
work.
就像 是的 好吧 如果你有 100 名员工 那么其中 10 人做一半的工作

460
00:28:33,299 --> 00:28:34,966
What if you have a thousand employees?
如果你有 1000 名员工呢？

461
00:28:34,980 --> 00:28:36,619
Well, then it's 30.
那么是 30

462
00:28:36,619 --> 00:28:40,068
And if it's ten thousand employees, then it's a hundred.
如果是一万名员工 那么是一百名

463
00:28:40,080 --> 00:28:43,686
And this actually turns out to be a rather Ironclad rule.
这实际上是一个相当铁定的规则

464
00:28:43,686 --> 00:28:46,540
It it applies across very, very many situations.
它适用于非常非常多的情况

465
00:28:46,540 --> 00:28:53,783
It applies, for example, to the mass of stars and the size of cities, so you can
see how Universal it is as a law.
例如 它适用于恒星的质量和城市的大小 所以你可以看到它作为一个定律有多普遍

466
00:28:53,783 --> 00:28:58,606
That's it's something like those that have more get more, and those that have less
get less.
这就像那些拥有更多的人得到更多 那些拥有更少的人得到更少

467
00:28:58,620 --> 00:29:00,414
That's the Matthew principle, right?
这就是马太原则 对吧？

468
00:29:00,414 --> 00:29:03,407
To those who have everything, more will be given from those who have nothing.
对于那些拥有一切的人 那些一无所有的人会给予更多
469
00:29:03,419 --> 00:29:05,311
Everything will be taken away.
一切都会被夺走

470
00:29:05,311 --> 00:29:08,244
And the economists sometimes call that the Matthew principle.
经济学家有时称之为马太原则

471
00:29:08,244 --> 00:29:12,118
And so what? What that lays out is a world that's Rife with inequality.
那又怎样？它揭示了一个充满不平等的世界

472
00:29:12,118 --> 00:29:15,147
So you know you you hear this idea that I think it's the 85
所以你知道 你听到了这样的想法 我认为

473
00:29:15,147 --> 00:29:18,834
richest people in the world have more money than the bottom two billion.
世界上最富有的 85 个人比最底层的 20 亿人拥有更多的钱

474
00:29:18,834 --> 00:29:20,981
That's a Pareto distribution phenomena.
这是帕累托分布现象

475
00:29:20,981 --> 00:29:25,668
And you might say, uh, to hell with capitalism for producing that.
你可能会说 呃 让资本主义见鬼去吧

476
00:29:25,668 --> 00:29:28,375
It's like, sorry, you got your diagnosis wrong.
就像 对不起 你的诊断错了

477
00:29:28,375 --> 00:29:29,711
It's a natural law.
这是自然法则

478
00:29:29,711 --> 00:29:34,189
It's no matter what Society you study, you get a Pareto distribution of wealth.
不管你研究什么社会 你都会得到帕累托财富分布

479
00:29:34,189 --> 00:29:37,047
You get a predo distribution of number of Records recorded.
你会得到记录记录数量的 predo 分布

480
00:29:37,047 --> 00:29:40,547
You get a predo distribution of number of Songs written or goals scored.
你会得到写的歌或进球数量的 predo 分布
481
00:29:40,547 --> 00:29:43,515
Like any creative product has that characteristic.
就像任何创意产品都有这个特征一样

482
00:29:43,515 --> 00:29:49,642
And it's partly because as you start to become successful, let's say, people offer
you more and more opportunities,
这部分是因为当你开始成功时 比方说 人们会给你越来越多的机会

483
00:29:49,642 --> 00:29:53,287
and as you start to fail, people move away from you and you plummet.
当你开始失败时 人们会远离你 你一落千丈

484
00:29:53,287 --> 00:29:55,213
And so okay, so that's rough.
好吧 这很艰难

485
00:29:55,213 --> 00:29:55,909
So what it is.
所以它是什么

486
00:29:55,909 --> 00:29:58,369
What it means is that there is always a landscape of
这意味着总是有不平等的景

487
00:29:58,369 --> 00:30:01,619
inequality and I'm not saying that we shouldn't do anything about it,
观 我不是说我们不应该对此采取任何措施

488
00:30:01,619 --> 00:30:04,452
although I am saying that we don't know what to do about it.
尽管我是说我们不知道该怎么办

489
00:30:04,452 --> 00:30:09,828
That's the thing, you know, because you can modify the Pareto distribution of
wealth, let's say.
这就是问题所在 你知道 因为你可以修改财富的帕累托分布 比方说

490
00:30:09,828 --> 00:30:15,110
But if you but we don't know how to do it, without maybe disrupting the system so
completely that it collapses,
但是如果你 但我们不知道如何做到这一点 而不会彻底破坏系统 导致它崩溃

491
00:30:15,110 --> 00:30:18,789
which is what happened in the Soviet Union, for example, and in maoist China.
例如 这就是苏联和毛派中国发生的事情
492
00:30:18,789 --> 00:30:22,729
They were trying, at least in principle, to adjust inequality.
他们试图 至少在原则上 调整不平等

493
00:30:22,740 --> 00:30:25,048
But the Cure was far worse than the disease.
但是治疗比疾病更糟糕

494
00:30:25,048 --> 00:30:28,258
And the the truth of the matter is we actually don't know
事实是 我们实际上不知道

495
00:30:28,258 --> 00:30:32,023
technically how much inequality there has to be to generate wealth.
技术上有多少不平等才能产生财富

496
00:30:32,023 --> 00:30:35,927
We can guess. And you could say, well, there should be less, and you might say,
well, there should be more.
我们可以猜测 你可以说 嗯 应该少一点 你可能会说 嗯 应该多一点

497
00:30:35,940 --> 00:30:37,513
If you're left-wing, you'd say less.
如果你是左翼 你会说得更少

498
00:30:37,513 --> 00:30:41,167
And if they're, if you're right, when you'd say, well, we'll just let the
inequality flourish.
如果他们是 如果你是对的 当你说 好吧 我们会让不平等加剧

499
00:30:41,167 --> 00:30:47,391
But we do know that it's inevitable, and we also know that we don't know how to
regulate it.
但我们知道这是不可避免的 我们也知道我们不知道如何调节它

500
00:30:47,391 --> 00:30:48,670
So there is inequality.
所以存在不平等

501
00:30:48,670 --> 00:30:53,195
What that means is there's always going to be people around that are better at
something than you are.
这意味着周围总是有人比你更擅长某件事

502
00:30:53,195 --> 00:30:58,948
And the. And that's a, that's a problem because you can get jealous and you can get
bitter and you can get resentful.
还有 这是一个 这是一个问题 因为你会嫉妒 你会变得痛苦 你会变得怨恨
503
00:30:58,948 --> 00:31:00,409
And worse, you can get hopeless.
更糟糕的是 你可能会绝望

504
00:31:00,409 --> 00:31:03,884
You know, because you look like, look, I, I have this.
你知道 因为你看起来像 看 我 我有这个

505
00:31:03,899 --> 00:31:07,069
This friend of mine, he told me something so funny.
我的一个朋友 他告诉了我一些非常有趣的事情

506
00:31:07,080 --> 00:31:07,953
Um, he was.
嗯 他是

507
00:31:07,953 --> 00:31:11,573
He was decrying his his lack of success in the world.
他在谴责他在世界上缺乏成功

508
00:31:11,573 --> 00:31:14,416
And he compared himself to his roommate.
他把自己和室友相提并论

509
00:31:14,416 --> 00:31:19,153
And, uh, he said, you know, his roommate, his college roommate, was doing much
better than he was,
他说 你知道 他的室友 他的大学室友 比他做得好得多

510
00:31:19,153 --> 00:31:21,020
and his bloody roommate was Elon Musk.
他该死的室友是埃隆·马斯克

511
00:31:21,020 --> 00:31:25,964
It's like, really, like, it's like, oh, you're not doing as well as Elon Musk.
就像 真的 就像 就像 哦 你做得不如埃隆·马斯克

512
00:31:25,980 --> 00:31:30,611
Well, it's not. I mean, you could see it would take it rather personally, because
they were roommates and everything.
嗯 不是 我是说 你可以看到它会把它当成个人恩怨 因为他们是室友和一切

513
00:31:30,611 --> 00:31:32,318
It wasn't like he was doing badly.
他并不是做得很糟糕

514
00:31:32,318 --> 00:31:34,026
Like he wasn't doing pretty damn well.
好像他做得不太好

515
00:31:34,026 --> 00:31:35,998
It's like, I'm not as good as Elon Musk.
就像 我没有埃隆·马斯克好

516
00:31:35,998 --> 00:31:40,459
It's like, yeah, well, you and like seven billion other people, you know?
就像 是的 嗯 你和其他 70 亿人一样 你知道吗？

517
00:31:40,459 --> 00:31:47,720
But. But I thought it was instructive because, well, because you have to be careful
who you compare yourself to now.
但是 但我认为这很有启发性 因为 嗯 因为你必须小心你现在和谁比较

518
00:31:47,720 --> 00:31:51,411
You can't just not compare yourself to others, to successful people.
你不能只是不把自己和别人比较 和成功人士比较

519
00:31:51,411 --> 00:31:53,977
Right? Because then you don't have anything to aim at.
对吗？因为那样你就没有任何目标了

520
00:31:53,977 --> 00:31:56,797
And one of the things I learned from Jung, this was a cool thing.
我从荣格那里学到的一件事是 这是一件很酷的事情

521
00:31:56,797 --> 00:31:58,724
I'm going to make a real lateral move here.
我要在这里做一个真正的横向移动

522
00:31:58,724 --> 00:32:06,032
Jung thought the Book of Revelation was appended to the Bible because of the Christ
in the gospels was too merciful.
荣格认为《启示录》被附在圣经上是因为福音书中的基督太仁慈了

523
00:32:06,032 --> 00:32:07,267
He was too nice a guy.
他是个太好的人

524
00:32:07,267 --> 00:32:08,603
Now he's an ideal, right?
现在他是一个理想 对吗？

525
00:32:08,603 --> 00:32:10,209
And Jung said, wait a second.
荣格说 等一下

526
00:32:10,209 --> 00:32:11,935
An ideal is always a judge.
理想总是一个法官

527
00:32:11,935 --> 00:32:15,570
That's the thing about an ideal, because you're not as good as your ideal.
这就是理想的问题 因为你没有你的理想好

528
00:32:15,570 --> 00:32:16,859
So your ideal as a judge.
所以你作为法官的理想

529
00:32:16,859 --> 00:32:19,502
Revelation has Christ coming back as a judge.
启示录让基督回来当法官

530
00:32:19,502 --> 00:32:23,865
And that was Jung's explanation at the level of the collective unconscious for
这就是荣格在集体无意识的层面上解释的 把

531
00:32:23,865 --> 00:32:28,173
the pasting of that remarkably strange and terrible book onto the end of the,
那本非常奇怪和可怕的书贴在《圣经》的末尾

532
00:32:28,173 --> 00:32:29,720
of the of the of the Bible.

533
00:32:29,720 --> 00:32:33,113
So well. Anyways, my point is, it's an ideal, is it?
好吧 不管怎样 我的观点是 这是一个理想 是吗？

534
00:32:33,113 --> 00:32:35,198
You need an ideal because you have nothing to aim at?
你需要一个理想 因为你没有目标？

535
00:32:35,198 --> 00:32:38,789
But an ideal is a judge and you always fall short of the ideal.
但是理想是一个法官 你总是达不到理想

536
00:32:38,789 --> 00:32:43,477
So how the hell can you have the benefits of having an ideal without having the
那么 如果没有法官总是认为你不够

537
00:32:43,477 --> 00:32:48,927
crushing blow that goes along with having the judge that always regards you as
insufficient?
充分的毁灭性打击 你怎么能有理想的好处呢？

538
00:32:48,927 --> 00:32:53,145
So I was trying to work that out in the chapter, and this is something I've had to
work out a lot.
所以我试图在这一章中解决这个问题 这是我必须解决的问题

539
00:32:53,145 --> 00:32:55,170
As a clinical psychologist.
作为一名临床心理学家

540
00:32:55,170 --> 00:33:03,500
It's like, well, let's say you need a goal, but we don't want to let your distance
from the goal Crush you.
就像 嗯 假设你需要一个目标 但我们不想让你与目标的距离压垮你

541
00:33:03,500 --> 00:33:06,817
So you got to set up a goal and then you gotta make the goal.
所以你必须建立一个目标 然后你必须实现这个目标

542
00:33:06,817 --> 00:33:09,617
Break the goal down into parts so that you can move towards it.
把目标分解成几个部分 这样你就可以朝着它前进

543
00:33:09,617 --> 00:33:13,320
You have a fairly High likelihood of doing it, so that's a bit of practical.
你做这件事的可能性相当高 所以这有点实际

544
00:33:13,320 --> 00:33:14,650
I wouldn't say advice.
我不会说建议

545
00:33:14,650 --> 00:33:16,668
It's it's because it's better than advice.
这是因为它比建议更好

546
00:33:16,679 --> 00:33:20,540
It's it's some practical knowledge about how to go about achieving an aim.
这是一些关于如何实现目标的实用知识

547
00:33:20,540 --> 00:33:21,422
Set a high aim,
设定一个高目标

548
00:33:21,422 --> 00:33:27,270
but differentiate it down so you know what the next step is and then make the next
step difficult enough.
但是区分它 这样你就知道下一步是什么 然后让下一步变得足够困难

549
00:33:27,270 --> 00:33:29,872
So you have to push yourself past where you are,
所以你必须推动自己超越现状

550
00:33:29,872 --> 00:33:33,696
but but also provide yourself with a reasonable probability of success.
但也要为自己提供合理的成功概率

551
00:33:33,696 --> 00:33:35,867
It's also what you do with children, right?
这也是你对孩子做的 对吗？

552
00:33:35,867 --> 00:33:39,466
You you want to push them because they need to grow up and be more than they are.
你想推动他们 因为他们需要成长 超越他们

553
00:33:39,480 --> 00:33:42,292
Right? But you don't want to crush them with constant failure.
对吗？但是你不想用持续的失败压垮他们

554
00:33:42,292 --> 00:33:47,448
So what you do is aim high and make the goal approx. difficult, but proximal.
所以你要做的是把目标定得很高 让目标变得困难 但很近

555
00:33:47,460 --> 00:33:51,534
So anyways, so that's one, one, one, one way of looking at it.
不管怎样 这是一个 一个 一个 一种看待它的方式

556
00:33:51,534 --> 00:33:58,810
But then the next thing is, you know, uh, I've I've had clients, many clients in
their 30s who are trying to.
但接下来的事情是 你知道 呃 我有我的客户 很多 30 多岁的客户都在努力

557
00:33:58,810 --> 00:34:00,328
This is more true with women.
女性更是如此

558
00:34:00,328 --> 00:34:03,354
I would say a lot of women who are very high achieving,
我会说很多非常成功的女性

559
00:34:03,354 --> 00:34:08,922
who established their career goals at 30 and then want to differentiate,
differentiate out their life.
她们在 30 岁时确立了自己的职业目标 然后想与众不同 与众不同
560
00:34:08,922 --> 00:34:10,622
They want to have a husband. They want to have a family.
他们想有一个丈夫 他们想有一个家庭

561
00:34:10,622 --> 00:34:12,535
They're trying to figure out how to do that.
他们正在努力弄清楚如何做到这一点

562
00:34:12,535 --> 00:34:15,033
And one of the things I've noticed that around 30,
我注意到的一件事是 大约 30 岁左右

563
00:34:15,033 --> 00:34:18,610
you really have to stop comparing yourself in some ways to other people,
你真的必须停止在某些方面把自己和别人比较

564
00:34:18,610 --> 00:34:22,040
and the reason for that is that the peculiarities of your life are so
原因是你生活的特殊性如此

565
00:34:22,040 --> 00:34:25,421
idiosyncratic that there isn't anyone really all that much like you,
特殊 以至于没有人真正像你一样

566
00:34:25,421 --> 00:34:28,410
you know, because the details of your life happen to matter.
你知道 因为你生活的细节碰巧很重要

567
00:34:28,410 --> 00:34:31,901
And so maybe you compare yourself to some rock star or something like that.
所以也许你把自己比作摇滚明星之类的人

568
00:34:31,901 --> 00:34:35,204
And you know, the person's rich and famous and glamorous and all that.
你知道 这个人富有、出名、迷人等等

569
00:34:35,220 --> 00:34:38,728
But you know, they're alcoholic and they use too much cocaine and they've had three
divorces.
但是你知道 他们酗酒 吸食太多可卡因 他们已经离婚三次了

570
00:34:38,728 --> 00:34:41,895
And it's like, how the hell do you make sense out of that?
就像 你到底是怎么理解的？

571
00:34:41,895 --> 00:34:45,403
Is that someone that you should judge yourself harshly against or not?
这个人是你应该严厉评判自己的人吗？

572
00:34:45,403 --> 00:34:49,063
The answer is, you don't know because you don't know all the details of their
lives.
答案是 你不知道 因为你不知道他们生活的所有细节

573
00:34:49,063 --> 00:34:51,587
And who do you know that you can compare yourself to?
你知道你可以把自己和谁比较？

574
00:34:51,599 --> 00:34:55,849
That's easy, you yesterday.
这很简单 昨天的你

575
00:34:55,859 --> 00:34:56,790
So here's a good goal.
所以这是一个很好的目标

576
00:34:56,790 --> 00:34:58,855
It's something like, well, aim high.
这就像 嗯 志存高远

577
00:34:58,855 --> 00:35:02,562
And I really mean that it's like, and we'll talk about that a little bit too.
我的意思是 我们也会谈谈这个

578
00:35:02,562 --> 00:35:05,427
Aim high, but use as your control yourself.
目标远大 但用作你自己的控制

579
00:35:05,427 --> 00:35:11,478
It's like, so your goal is to make today some tiny increment better than yesterday.
就像 所以你的目标是让今天比昨天更好

580
00:35:11,478 --> 00:35:12,478
And you can use better.
你可以用更好的

581
00:35:12,478 --> 00:35:13,840
You can Define better yourself.
你可以定义更好的自己

582
00:35:13,840 --> 00:35:16,957
This doesn't have to be some imposition of external morality.
这不一定是强加外部道德
583
00:35:16,957 --> 00:35:20,312
You know, you know where you're weak and insufficient, where you could improve.
你知道 你知道你在哪里软弱和不足 你可以改进

584
00:35:20,312 --> 00:35:22,830
You think? Okay, well, this is what I'm like yesterday.
你觉得呢？好吧 这就是我昨天的样子

585
00:35:22,830 --> 00:35:28,306
If I did this little thing, things would be just an increment better.
如果我做了这件小事 事情会变得更好

586
00:35:28,320 --> 00:35:34,788
And well, that's a great thing, because you get the ball rolling and incremental
Improvement is Unstoppable.
嗯 这是一件好事 因为你开始滚动 增量改进势不可挡

587
00:35:34,800 --> 00:35:40,162
You can actually implement it and it starts to generate Pareto distribution like
consequences.
你可以实际实施它 它开始产生帕累托分布 就像后果一样

588
00:35:40,162 --> 00:35:41,326
It starts to compound.
它开始复合

589
00:35:41,339 --> 00:35:43,944
And I've seen that happen in people's lives over and on.
我已经看到这种情况在人们的生活中一次又一次地发生

590
00:35:43,944 --> 00:35:46,226
People write me all the time and tell me that they're doing that.
人们总是写信给我 告诉我他们正在这样做

591
00:35:46,226 --> 00:35:49,304
But I've seen that happen in people's lives continually.
但我看到这种情况不断发生在人们的生活中

592
00:35:49,304 --> 00:35:53,147
They make a goal, a goal that the goal should be.
他们设定了一个目标 一个目标应该是的目标

593
00:35:53,160 --> 00:35:58,282
How could I conceive of my life so that if I had that life, it would clearly be
worth living?
我怎么能想象我的生活 如果我有这样的生活 它显然值得活下去？

594
00:35:58,282 --> 00:36:02,863
So I wouldn't have to be bitter, resentful, deceitful, arrogant and vengeful.
这样我就不必痛苦、怨恨、欺骗、傲慢和报复

595
00:36:02,863 --> 00:36:05,253
Like, that's sort of the bottom line, right?
就像 这是底线 对吧？

596
00:36:05,253 --> 00:36:08,463
Because that's what endless failure does to you.
因为这就是无休止的失败对你的影响

597
00:36:08,463 --> 00:36:09,651
It's not good.
这不好

598
00:36:09,651 --> 00:36:14,798
And and and that's what life without purpose and a goal does to you as well,
because life is very hard.
这就是没有目标和目标的生活对你的影响 因为生活非常艰难

599
00:36:14,798 --> 00:36:20,396
So you think, okay, well, I need to adopt a mode of being that would justify my
suffering.
所以你想 好吧 好吧 我需要采取一种存在模式来证明我的痛苦是正当的

600
00:36:20,396 --> 00:36:24,979
And you can ask yourself that question, what would make this worthwhile?
你可以问自己这个问题 什么会让这变得有价值？

601
00:36:24,979 --> 00:36:26,361
I quote Nietzsche.
我引用尼采的话

602
00:36:26,361 --> 00:36:31,516
I think in that chapter, he said, he who has a why can bear almost any how.
我认为在那一章 他说 有为什么的人几乎可以忍受任何如何

603
00:36:31,516 --> 00:36:33,233
That's a lovely line, man.
这是一句可爱的台词 伙计

604
00:36:33,233 --> 00:36:36,718
I mean, it's a lovely line and it's really worth thinking about.
我是说 这是一句可爱的台词 真的值得思考

605
00:36:36,718 --> 00:36:41,471
So you think, well, how do I manage all this misery and suffering and futility?
所以你会想 嗯 我该如何管理所有这些痛苦、折磨和徒劳？

606
00:36:41,471 --> 00:36:47,076
It's like, well, I need to figure out what I would have to do in order to make that
clearly worthwhile.
就像 嗯 我需要弄清楚我必须做什么才能让这一切变得明显有价值

607
00:36:47,076 --> 00:36:49,829
And so then you have your goal, and then you think, well,
然后你有了你的目标 然后你想 嗯

608
00:36:49,829 --> 00:36:55,526
I need to move towards that incrementally because I'm kind of useless and can only
do so much, and maybe not even that.
我需要逐步朝着这个方向前进 因为我有点没用 只能做这么多 甚至可能做不到

609
00:36:55,526 --> 00:37:01,189
And but all I have to do is be a little bit better than my my miserable self
yesterday.
但我所要做的就是比昨天悲惨的自己好一点

610
00:37:01,200 --> 00:37:05,385
And that'll Propel you forward very rapidly and and you can succeed at it.
这会推动你快速前进 你可以成功

611
00:37:05,400 --> 00:37:06,619
Which is also really lovely.
这也很可爱

612
00:37:06,619 --> 00:37:08,472
Because why not set yourself up for Success?
因为为什么不为成功做好准备呢？

613
00:37:08,472 --> 00:37:11,753
You know, because otherwise you droop around like a number 10 Lobster.
你知道 因为否则你会像 10 号龙虾一样下垂

614
00:37:11,753 --> 00:37:13,389
And you know that's just not good.
你知道这不好

615
00:37:13,389 --> 00:37:17,148
You get all Pinchy when that happens, and it's not a good thing.
当这种情况发生时 你会变得很紧张 这不是一件好事

616
00:37:17,160 --> 00:37:17,982
So that was.
那就是
617
00:37:17,982 --> 00:37:19,546
That was chapter four.
那是第四章

618
00:37:19,560 --> 00:37:21,769
Chapter five.
第五章

619
00:37:21,780 --> 00:37:23,594
Geez, we're cruising along here.
天啊 我们在这里巡航

620
00:37:23,594 --> 00:37:27,074
Chapter five is the one that I thought I would get in the most trouble for writing.
第五章是我认为写作会遇到最大麻烦的一章

621
00:37:27,074 --> 00:37:32,777
You know, I figured people would be all over me for this, and so far they haven't
been, but they they still might be.
你知道 我以为人们会因此而责备我 到目前为止他们还没有 但他们仍然可能是

622
00:37:32,777 --> 00:37:38,388
So. And it's called do not let your children do anything that makes you dislike
them.
所以 这叫做不要让你的孩子做任何让你不喜欢他们的事情

623
00:37:38,400 --> 00:37:44,380
And I thought that would be contentious first of all, because people would think,
well, I never dislike my children.
首先 我认为这会引起争议 因为人们会认为 嗯 我从来没有不喜欢我的孩子

624
00:37:44,380 --> 00:37:52,494
It's like, really, really, you know, you're gonna really tell me that.
就像 真的 真的 你知道 你真的要告诉我

625
00:37:52,494 --> 00:37:55,128
God, you know, and there's a more.
上帝 你知道 还有更多

626
00:37:55,128 --> 00:37:59,348
There's a more horrifying element to that, too, because as a clinical psychologist,
还有一个更可怕的因素 因为作为一名临床心理学家

627
00:37:59,348 --> 00:38:01,308
I've seen the full Freudian nightmare.
我见过弗洛伊德式的噩梦
628
00:38:01,308 --> 00:38:02,656
I can tell you that.
我可以告诉你

629
00:38:02,656 --> 00:38:03,934
And you know the.
你知道的

630
00:38:03,934 --> 00:38:06,321
I've seen families where it's like this.
我见过这样的家庭

631
00:38:06,321 --> 00:38:09,910
It's like the family members are standing in a circle, I'd say,
我想说 这就像家庭成员站成一个圈

632
00:38:09,910 --> 00:38:13,220
and each of them has their hands around each other's neck.
他们每个人都把手放在对方的脖子上

633
00:38:13,220 --> 00:38:18,886
And they're squeezing hard enough to strangle the other person in 20 years.
他们用力挤压 足以在 20 年内掐死另一个人

634
00:38:18,900 --> 00:38:20,904
And that's the family.
这就是家庭

635
00:38:20,904 --> 00:38:27,763
It's like, I mean, you know, if you if you haven't met a family like that or well,
then you're not paying attention.
就像 我是说 你知道 如果你如果你没有遇到这样的家庭 那你就没有注意到

636
00:38:27,763 --> 00:38:33,606
And there's a there's some reasonable possibility that you're actually in a family
like that.
有一些合理的可能性 你真的在这样的家庭中

637
00:38:33,606 --> 00:38:37,716
So the idea that parents can't dislike their children.
所以父母不能不喜欢他们的孩子

638
00:38:37,716 --> 00:38:39,974
It's like, God, how naive can you get?
就像 上帝 你能有多天真？

639
00:38:39,974 --> 00:38:47,088
It's just, that's just if you think that, man, you, I don't even know where you'd
start to straighten yourself out.
只是 只是如果你这么想 伙计 你 我甚至不知道你会从哪里开始振作起来

640
00:38:47,088 --> 00:38:52,907
I could never dislike my children's like, yeah, well, those are the people who
produce the most monstrous children too.
我永远不会讨厌我的孩子 是的 他们也是产生最可怕孩子的人

641
00:38:52,920 --> 00:38:54,689
I can tell you that.
我可以告诉你

642
00:38:54,689 --> 00:39:00,316
So so and then there's this idea that young had, which I really love, which is the
idea of the Shadow.
所以 还有一个年轻人的想法 我非常喜欢 那就是影子的想法

643
00:39:00,316 --> 00:39:06,209
And you know, it kind of got pop psychology and trendy, uh, sort of among the new
age types too.
你知道 它有点流行心理学和时尚 呃 也有点像新时代的类型

644
00:39:06,209 --> 00:39:11,582
But one thing I can tell you about Carl Jung is no matter what else someone might
say about him,
但是关于卡尔·荣格 我可以告诉你的一件事是 不管别人怎么说他

645
00:39:11,582 --> 00:39:17,121
he is absolutely not new AG. If you read Carl Jung and you understand him and
you're not terrified,
他绝对不是新的总检察长 如果你读过卡尔·荣格 你理解他 你不会害怕

646
00:39:17,121 --> 00:39:21,719
right to the depths of your soul, you haven't understood a damn thing you've read.
就在你的灵魂深处 你还没有理解你读过的任何该死的东西

647
00:39:21,719 --> 00:39:26,100
And one of the things that Jung said about the shadow, which is the Dark Side of
humanity,
荣格关于影子说的一件事 这是人类的黑暗面

648
00:39:26,100 --> 00:39:30,048
the Dark Side of each individual, was that its roots reached all the way to hell.
每个人的黑暗面 是它的根源一直延伸到地狱

649
00:39:30,048 --> 00:39:31,216
And he meant something.
他的意思是什么
650
00:39:31,216 --> 00:39:34,787
He meant something very specific, both metaphysical and practical.
他的意思是非常具体的东西 既有形而上学的 也有实际的

651
00:39:34,800 --> 00:39:39,754
By that, the metaphysical element was, he meant hell literally and metaphysically,
这里的形而上学元素是 他指的是字面上和形而上学上的地狱

652
00:39:39,754 --> 00:39:42,799
but he also meant the more proximal kinds of hell.
但他也指更近的地狱

653
00:39:42,799 --> 00:39:46,949
And so what he meant was that if you were able to understand your dark side,
所以他的意思是 如果你能够理解你的黑暗面

654
00:39:46,949 --> 00:39:53,039
then you would see in yourself a reflection of the behavior that was that was
present at Auschwitz, for example,
然后你会在自己身上看到奥斯威辛存在的行为的反映 例如

655
00:39:53,039 --> 00:39:57,997
and that the reason that people don't take the Dark Side of themselves seriously at
all and
人们根本不认真对待自己的黑暗面 甚至面对它

656
00:39:57,997 --> 00:40:03,226
even confront the fact that it exists is because no one wants to see that reflected
within them.
存在的事实 是因为没有人想看到它反映在他们身上

657
00:40:03,240 --> 00:40:05,485
And no wonder like it's, it's out.
难怪它 它出来了

658
00:40:05,485 --> 00:40:06,849
It's absolutely no wonder.
这绝对难怪

659
00:40:06,849 --> 00:40:13,210
You also believe that that confrontation with the shadow was an inevitable barrier
to Enlightenment.
你也相信与阴影的对抗是启蒙运动不可避免的障碍

660
00:40:13,210 --> 00:40:14,055
That there was no.
没有
661
00:40:14,055 --> 00:40:18,457
You know, Joseph Campbell, who's a popularizer of young to some degree,
你知道 约瑟夫·坎贝尔 在某种程度上是年轻人的推广者

662
00:40:18,457 --> 00:40:21,637
has become well known for saying follow your bliss.
以追随你的幸福而闻名

663
00:40:21,637 --> 00:40:26,452
And and and you know, Campbell learned virtually everything he knew from Jung, but
young.
你知道 坎贝尔几乎从荣格那里学到了他所知道的一切 但是年轻

664
00:40:26,452 --> 00:40:28,484
That isn't what Jung said at all.
荣格根本不是这么说的

665
00:40:28,484 --> 00:40:34,187
He said, pursue what's meaningful and you'll encounter that which you least want to
encounter.
他说 追求有意义的东西 你会遇到你最不想遇到的东西

666
00:40:34,200 --> 00:40:36,105
And that's, well, that's the dragon, right?
那是 嗯 那是龙 对吗？

667
00:40:36,119 --> 00:40:38,402
That's the dragon that Hoards gold, for example.
例如 那是囤积黄金的龙

668
00:40:38,402 --> 00:40:41,561
And the dragon is also something that lives inside you,
龙也是生活在你体内的东西

669
00:40:41,561 --> 00:40:45,228
and it's not something that you take the encounter with lightly.
这不是你轻视的东西

670
00:40:45,228 --> 00:40:52,240
There are very old stories about this Egyptian story about the god Horus, who was
the Egyptian savior in some sense.
关于埃及的故事有很多古老的故事 关于神荷鲁斯 他在某种意义上是埃及的救世主

671
00:40:52,240 --> 00:40:54,290
And when he encountered evil.
当他遇到邪恶时
672
00:40:54,300 --> 00:40:57,075
Um, even though he was a God, he lost an eye in the battle.
嗯 即使他是上帝 他在战斗中失去了一只眼睛

673
00:40:57,075 --> 00:41:01,021
And so that's that's the famous Egyptian eye you know that everyone still knows
about.
这就是你知道的著名的埃及眼睛 每个人都知道

674
00:41:01,021 --> 00:41:05,921
That's the Eye of Horus that was torn out by Seth, who's the precursor to Satan.
这是被赛斯撕裂的荷鲁斯之眼 赛斯是撒旦的前身

675
00:41:05,921 --> 00:41:10,789
And so and so it's it's it's no joke that it's no joke.
所以这不是玩笑 这不是玩笑

676
00:41:10,800 --> 00:41:11,808
Um, back to Children.
嗯 回到孩子

677
00:41:11,808 --> 00:41:14,171
See, I kind of knew this when I had my kids.
看 当我有孩子的时候 我就知道了

678
00:41:14,171 --> 00:41:21,647
I I'd already undergone that to some degree and and understood what it meant to be
a bad person, a terrible person.
我在某种程度上已经经历过了 我明白了做一个坏人意味着什么 一个可怕的人

679
00:41:21,660 --> 00:41:25,923
Um and one of the things I knew that was that that manifested itself in families
all the time.
嗯 我知道的一件事是 这种情况一直在家庭中表现出来

680
00:41:25,923 --> 00:41:32,014
Tyrannical father, overprotective mother, more rarely overprotective mother,
tyrannical, overprotective father,
暴虐的父亲 过度保护的母亲 更少过度保护的母亲 暴虐的 过度保护的父亲

681
00:41:32,014 --> 00:41:33,048
tyrannical mother.
暴虐的母亲

682
00:41:33,060 --> 00:41:35,206
It's usually the other way around.
通常情况正好相反
683
00:41:35,220 --> 00:41:41,553
Um, and the terrible pathological, familial drama that Freud made much of in the
early 20th century.
嗯 还有弗洛伊德在 20 世纪初大肆渲染的可怕的病态家庭戏剧

684
00:41:41,553 --> 00:41:46,766
I'd seen that in many, many situations, dismal, brutal, awful.
我在很多很多情况下见过 令人沮丧 残酷 可怕

685
00:41:46,766 --> 00:41:50,112
And I've seen parents punish their children.
我见过父母惩罚他们的孩子

686
00:41:50,112 --> 00:41:54,313
And you can also take a page from nature if you really want to punish your children
or anyone else.
如果你真的想惩罚你的孩子或任何人 你也可以从大自然中吸取教训

687
00:41:54,313 --> 00:41:58,583
If you have someone you're interested in punishing, including yourself, you don't.
如果你有一个你想惩罚的人 包括你自己 你不会

688
00:41:58,583 --> 00:42:02,116
You don't ever punish someone you really want to punish for doing something wrong,
你永远不会因为做错事而惩罚你真正想惩罚的人

689
00:42:02,116 --> 00:42:04,288
because that's actually a bit of a relief to them.
因为这对他们来说实际上是一种解脱

690
00:42:04,288 --> 00:42:08,509
You know, that's the theme of dostoevsky's crime and punishment.
你知道 这就是陀思妥耶夫斯基犯罪和惩罚的主题

691
00:42:08,520 --> 00:42:10,069
The murderer gets away with it.
凶手逃脱了惩罚

692
00:42:10,069 --> 00:42:11,007
It's a relief to him.
这对他来说是一种解脱

693
00:42:11,007 --> 00:42:11,895
When he gets caught.
当他被抓住的时候

694
00:42:11,895 --> 00:42:14,958
It's like, no. If you really want to punish somebody, wait till they do something
good.
就像 不 如果你真的想惩罚某人 等到他们做了好事

695
00:42:14,958 --> 00:42:18,410
Then you punish them, because that'll teach them.
然后你惩罚他们 因为这会教会他们

696
00:42:18,410 --> 00:42:19,687
That's you maximize the hurt.
这是你最大限度地增加伤害

697
00:42:19,687 --> 00:42:22,869
That way you decrease the probability that they'll ever do anything good again.
这样你就降低了他们再次做好事的可能性

698
00:42:22,869 --> 00:42:26,157
And I'll tell you, man, if you want to have a good relationship with someone.
我会告诉你 伙计 如果你想和某人保持良好的关系

699
00:42:26,157 --> 00:42:27,680
That's one thing you don't do.
这是你不会做的一件事

700
00:42:27,680 --> 00:42:32,533
You open your bloody eyes, and if they do something that you would like them to do
again,
你睁开血淋淋的眼睛 如果他们做了你想让他们再做的事情

701
00:42:32,533 --> 00:42:38,195
then you tell them how much you appreciated the fact that that happened and you
hope that it replicates.
然后你告诉他们你有多感激这件事发生的事实 你希望它能复制

702
00:42:38,195 --> 00:42:40,747
You know, you see that.
你知道 你看到了

703
00:42:40,747 --> 00:42:43,823
That's if there's one thing you can take away from tonight's lecture.
如果你能从今晚的讲座中学到一件事

704
00:42:43,823 --> 00:42:46,151
That's that's an extraordinarily useful thing to know.
那是一件非常有用的事情

705
00:42:46,151 --> 00:42:51,707
Watch. And when people do something that they should do more of, say, look, I saw
that you did this specific thing.
看着 当人们做他们应该做更多的事情时 比如说 看 我看到你做了这件特定的事情

706
00:42:51,707 --> 00:42:53,250
I saw that it took some effort.
我看到这需要一些努力

707
00:42:53,250 --> 00:42:54,254
Here's what it meant.
这是它的意思

708
00:42:54,254 --> 00:42:55,873
Here's. Here's how I observed it.
这是 这是我观察到的

709
00:42:55,873 --> 00:42:57,131
It's like, keep that up.
就像 继续这样

710
00:42:57,131 --> 00:42:59,658
And man, if you love someone, you do that to them.
伙计 如果你爱一个人 你就会这样对他们

711
00:42:59,658 --> 00:43:00,889
That's that's encouragement.
这就是鼓励

712
00:43:00,889 --> 00:43:01,907
That's such a great thing.
这是一件很棒的事情

713
00:43:01,920 --> 00:43:04,809
So anyways, back to children.
不管怎样 回到孩子身上

714
00:43:04,809 --> 00:43:08,562
So I already knew that I was pretty decent Monster by the time I had kids.
所以当我有孩子的时候 我已经知道我是个相当不错的怪物

715
00:43:08,562 --> 00:43:13,722
And I thought, well, my kid, my kids, little, you know, like a baby or two-year-
olds.
我想 嗯 我的孩子 我的孩子 小 你知道 像个婴儿或两岁的孩子

716
00:43:13,722 --> 00:43:15,290
Like I'm a horrible monster.
好像我是个可怕的怪物
717
00:43:15,290 --> 00:43:21,463
And so that there's an uneven power problem here, I better not let that child do
anything that really makes me angry.
所以这里有一个不均衡的权力问题 我最好不要让那个孩子做任何真正让我生气的事情

718
00:43:21,463 --> 00:43:25,274
You know, now you hear now and then you hear about something horrible that happens.
你知道 现在你偶尔会听到一些可怕的事情发生

719
00:43:25,274 --> 00:43:27,058
I, when I was in Boston years ago,
我 当我几年前在波士顿的时候

720
00:43:27,058 --> 00:43:31,443
I read about a woman who plunged her two-year-old daughter's arms into boiling
water.
我读到一个女人把她两岁女儿的胳膊扔进沸水里

721
00:43:31,443 --> 00:43:34,105
You think, well, how in the world can that happen?
你会想 嗯 这怎么可能发生？

722
00:43:34,105 --> 00:43:37,968
It's like, well, you know, she's probably hungover.
就像 嗯 你知道 她可能宿醉了

723
00:43:37,980 --> 00:43:42,187
She probably just lost her job. she's probably desperate in six different ways.
她可能刚刚失业 她可能在六个不同的方面绝望了

724
00:43:42,187 --> 00:43:46,451
She probably didn't have any decent disciplinary disciplinary strategies for
children.
她可能没有任何像样的孩子纪律处分策略

725
00:43:46,451 --> 00:43:48,932
She probably didn't have anyone helping her.
她可能没有任何人帮助她

726
00:43:48,932 --> 00:43:51,184
She was bitter and resentful and angry.
她痛苦、怨恨和愤怒

727
00:43:51,184 --> 00:43:54,508
And the child misbehaved at exactly the wrong moment.
孩子在完全错误的时刻行为不端

728
00:43:54,508 --> 00:43:57,481
And like, you're going to be around your children a lot.
就像 你会经常和你的孩子在一起

729
00:43:57,481 --> 00:44:01,990
And so you might want to have it so that they don't misbehave at exactly the wrong
moment,
所以你可能想拥有它 这样他们就不会在完全错误的时刻行为不端

730
00:44:01,990 --> 00:44:04,469
because all all hell can break loose if they can.
因为如果可以的话 所有的地狱都可以爆发

731
00:44:04,469 --> 00:44:05,959
And I didn't want that to happen.
我不希望这种情况发生

732
00:44:05,959 --> 00:44:08,979
So. And I knew that it was easy for people to hate their children,
所以 我知道人们很容易憎恨他们的孩子

733
00:44:08,979 --> 00:44:11,999
even though they mouth the words that they love them all the time.
即使他们嘴里一直说着他们爱他们

734
00:44:11,999 --> 00:44:14,655
I saw very little evidence of that many situations.
我很少看到有证据证明这种情况

735
00:44:14,655 --> 00:44:18,938
And so one of the things, you know, you have a natural affinity for children.
所以有一件事 你知道 你对孩子有天生的亲和力

736
00:44:18,938 --> 00:44:22,046
And even more, maybe a more powerful natural affinity for your own children.
甚至 也许对你自己的孩子有更强大的天生亲和力

737
00:44:22,046 --> 00:44:23,606
So that's a good start.
所以这是一个好的开始

738
00:44:23,606 --> 00:44:27,341
But you don't want to set them up as an enemy against you.
但是你不想让他们成为你的敌人

739
00:44:27,341 --> 00:44:33,369
You don't want to allow them to engage in the kind of hierarchical challenge that
makes you irritable and resentful.
你不想让他们参与那种让你易怒和怨恨的等级挑战

740
00:44:33,369 --> 00:44:34,871
That's not a good idea.
这不是一个好主意

741
00:44:34,871 --> 00:44:37,671
And if the things they do make you dislike them,
如果他们做的事情让你不喜欢他们

742
00:44:37,671 --> 00:44:42,643
the probability that they will make other people dislike them is extraordinarily
high.
他们让别人不喜欢他们的可能性非常高

743
00:44:42,643 --> 00:44:45,540
And so you can consult your own irritability.
所以你可以咨询你自己的易怒

744
00:44:45,540 --> 00:44:48,784
And you can say, look, kid, I used to tell my kids this.
你可以说 看 孩子 我以前经常告诉我的孩子

745
00:44:48,784 --> 00:44:54,121
You know, when they were three or four, I'd say, look, I'm not in a very good mood
and I'm likely to be unreasonable.
你知道 当他们三四岁的时候 我会说 看 我心情不太好 我可能会无理取闹

746
00:44:54,121 --> 00:44:56,388
So it'd be best if you'd go in your room and play for a while.
所以你最好去你的房间玩一会儿

747
00:44:56,388 --> 00:44:58,304
It's like, I like you, man, you're a great kid.
就像 我喜欢你 伙计 你是个好孩子

748
00:44:58,319 --> 00:45:00,919
But, like, get the hell out of here for a while, you know?
但是 就像 离开这里一段时间 你知道吗？

749
00:45:00,919 --> 00:45:02,368
And they were fine with that.
他们对此没意见

750
00:45:02,368 --> 00:45:06,265
We'd train them already at that point to be able to go play by themselves in the
room, you know,
那时我们已经训练他们能够在房间里自己玩了 你知道
751
00:45:06,265 --> 00:45:08,476
which is something a kid should be able to do anyways.
这是一个孩子无论如何都应该能做的事情

752
00:45:08,476 --> 00:45:12,331
But but you need to know what sort of monster you are if you're going to be a good
parent.
但是如果你想成为一个好父母 你需要知道你是什么样的怪物

753
00:45:12,331 --> 00:45:15,178
And if you think, oh, I'm not a monster, it's like, oh yes, you are.
如果你认为 哦 我不是怪物 就像 哦 是的 你是

754
00:45:15,178 --> 00:45:17,690
You're just an unbelievably unconscious monster.
你只是一个难以置信的无意识怪物

755
00:45:17,690 --> 00:45:19,643
And that's actually the worst kind.
这实际上是最糟糕的一种

756
00:45:19,643 --> 00:45:23,306
So and then the other thing about that chapter is there's an idea in it.
所以这一章的另一件事是里面有一个想法

757
00:45:23,306 --> 00:45:27,787
And and it's an idea that I think is well supported by the relevant literature,
我认为这个想法得到了相关文献的很好支持

758
00:45:27,787 --> 00:45:32,773
which is that your fundamental job as a parent, especially of a child from zero to
four,
那就是你作为父母的基本工作 尤其是从零岁到四岁的孩子

759
00:45:32,773 --> 00:45:35,687
is to make that child eminently desirable socially.
是让那个孩子在社会上非常受欢迎

760
00:45:35,700 --> 00:45:38,910
So what you're, you're a successful parent.
所以你是什么 你是一个成功的父母

761
00:45:38,910 --> 00:45:45,477
If when your child is four, all sorts of other children want to play with him or
her, that's really the.
如果当你的孩子四岁的时候 各种各样的其他孩子都想和他或她一起玩 那真的是
762
00:45:45,477 --> 00:45:49,546
That's like if you want one marker of whether or not you've been successful, that's
it.
这就像如果你想要一个衡量你是否成功的标志 就是它

763
00:45:49,560 --> 00:45:54,505
Now, some children are a lot harder to get along with than others, and some
children have a harder time playing.
现在 有些孩子比其他孩子更难相处 有些孩子更难玩耍

764
00:45:54,505 --> 00:46:01,112
And so I'm not saying that every parent who has a child that isn't popular at four
is is at fault for that.
所以我不是说每个有四岁不受欢迎的孩子的父母都有错

765
00:46:01,112 --> 00:46:02,352
I'm not saying that.
我不是这么说的

766
00:46:02,352 --> 00:46:08,335
I'm saying that reverse, which is you can be sure that you've been successful if
your child is not popular exactly,
我是说反过来 如果你的孩子不太受欢迎 你可以确定你已经成功了

767
00:46:08,335 --> 00:46:09,831
but desirable as a playmate.
但作为玩伴是可取的

768
00:46:09,831 --> 00:46:12,262
And so then you think, well, what have you done for your child?
然后你想 好吧 你为你的孩子做了什么？

769
00:46:12,262 --> 00:46:14,926
Well, you've opened up the entire world of children to them.
你向他们打开了整个孩子的世界

770
00:46:14,940 --> 00:46:18,775
So because they know how to play, which is a very deep knowledge.
因为他们知道如何玩耍 这是一门很深的知识

771
00:46:18,775 --> 00:46:20,785
And and it starts to become inculcated,
它开始被灌输

772
00:46:20,785 --> 00:46:25,961
probably at the breast and certainly in the course of rough and tumble play at
about two years of age.
可能在乳房 当然在大约两岁的时候在粗糙和翻滚的玩耍过程中
773
00:46:25,961 --> 00:46:27,620
It's a deep embodied knowledge.
这是一种深刻的具体化知识

774
00:46:27,620 --> 00:46:28,628
They know how to play.
他们知道如何玩耍

775
00:46:28,628 --> 00:46:30,585
Like a good, well-trained dog knows how to play.
就像一只训练有素的好狗知道如何玩耍

776
00:46:30,599 --> 00:46:34,543
You know, you meet a new dog and you go like this and the dog goes like this.
你知道 你遇到一只新狗 你像这样走 狗像这样走

777
00:46:34,543 --> 00:46:38,413
You think, oh, that dog, I can go like this and it won't bite me, right?
你想 哦 那只狗 我可以像这样走 它不会咬我 对吗？

778
00:46:38,413 --> 00:46:39,501
It knows how to play.
它知道如何玩耍

779
00:46:39,501 --> 00:46:43,941
And a kid who's awake and alert is just like that, like a well-socialized kit.
一个清醒警觉的孩子就是这样 就像一个社会化良好的工具包

780
00:46:43,941 --> 00:46:48,280
If you know anything about kids is you can take a four-year-old and make a little
play gesture at them,
如果你对孩子有所了解 你可以带一个四岁的孩子 对他们做一个玩耍的手势

781
00:46:48,280 --> 00:46:50,909
and they'll smile right away and start playing just right now.
他们会马上微笑 现在就开始玩耍

782
00:46:50,909 --> 00:46:52,850
And that's what you want for your kids.
这就是你希望你的孩子

783
00:46:52,850 --> 00:46:57,535
And then everywhere they go, other kids like them and will include them in their
Play.
然后无论他们去哪里 其他孩子都喜欢他们 并将他们纳入他们的游戏

784
00:46:57,535 --> 00:46:59,780
And play is the way the children develop.
玩耍是孩子发展的方式

785
00:46:59,780 --> 00:47:03,695
And so if other children include them in their play, then the children develop.
所以如果其他孩子把他们纳入他们的游戏 那么孩子们就会发展

786
00:47:03,695 --> 00:47:07,568
And the poor kids that don't get befriended at the age of four.
可怜的孩子在四岁时没有朋友

787
00:47:07,568 --> 00:47:10,172
With the literature on this is Crystal Clear.
有关于这方面的文献是水晶透明的

788
00:47:10,172 --> 00:47:16,932
If your child is an outcast at the age of four, the probability that anything can
be done about that is almost zero,
如果你的孩子在四岁时被排斥 对此我们能做些什么的可能性几乎为零

789
00:47:16,932 --> 00:47:18,261
no matter what you do.
不管你做什么

790
00:47:18,261 --> 00:47:24,047
And I hate to be so blunt about that, but I know the literature and that's what the
literature suggests.
我不想直言不讳 但我知道文献 这就是文献所暗示的

791
00:47:24,060 --> 00:47:24,952
And so and then.
所以然后

792
00:47:24,952 --> 00:47:31,154
The other thing is, if if you don't allow your children to engage in dislikable
Behavior, then adults will like them,
另一件事是 如果你不允许你的孩子从事不讨人喜欢的行为 那么成年人会喜欢他们

793
00:47:31,154 --> 00:47:32,994
because adults actually like kids.
因为成年人实际上喜欢孩子

794
00:47:32,994 --> 00:47:36,227
You know, one of the things I loved about having little kids in Montreal.
你知道 我喜欢在蒙特利尔生小孩的原因之一

795
00:47:36,227 --> 00:47:37,480
I lived in a poor area in Montreal.
我住在蒙特利尔的一个贫困地区

796
00:47:37,480 --> 00:47:41,576
There's a lot of rough guys around there, and we used to roll our daughter around
in the stroller.
那里有很多粗鲁的家伙 我们过去常常用婴儿车把女儿推来推去

797
00:47:41,576 --> 00:47:45,364
These rough guys, you know, like God only knows what they were up to.
这些粗鲁的家伙 你知道 就像只有上帝知道他们在做什么

798
00:47:45,364 --> 00:47:46,737
They were rough looking guys.
他们看起来很粗鲁

799
00:47:46,737 --> 00:47:49,897
You know, we'd rolled our daughter by them and they'd they'd like,
你知道 我们把女儿推到他们身边 他们会喜欢的

800
00:47:49,897 --> 00:47:52,634
smile and they'd crouched down and make little goo faces.
微笑 他们蹲下来做小粘脸

801
00:47:52,634 --> 00:47:54,353
And you know, they were you.
你知道 他们就是你

802
00:47:54,353 --> 00:47:58,666
I tell you, one of the great things about having little kids is they bring out the
best in other people.
我告诉你 有小孩的好处之一是他们能激发出别人最好的一面

803
00:47:58,680 --> 00:48:02,410
You see a whole side of humanity, even among the darker parts of humanity,
你看到了人性的完整一面 即使是在人性的黑暗部分

804
00:48:02,410 --> 00:48:05,445
you see a whole side of them that you wouldn't normally see.
你会看到他们通常看不到的一面

805
00:48:05,445 --> 00:48:09,800
And it's lovely. And the thing is, if you're good to your kid in the real way,
这很可爱 问题是 如果你真的对你的孩子好

806
00:48:09,800 --> 00:48:13,273
you can help them maintain that tremendous attractiveness that
你可以帮助他们保持小时候的
807
00:48:13,273 --> 00:48:16,747
they have as young children and to respond to adults properly.
巨大吸引力 并正确地回应成年人

808
00:48:16,747 --> 00:48:20,894
Like a puppy that wags its tail instead of growls and, you know, goes for your
ankle.
就像一只摇尾巴而不是咆哮的小狗 你知道 去抓你的脚踝

809
00:48:20,894 --> 00:48:22,284
And then wherever they go,
然后无论他们去哪里

810
00:48:22,284 --> 00:48:27,229
adults welcome them and teach them things and Pat them on the head and smile at
them genuinely.
成年人欢迎他们 教他们一些东西 拍拍他们的头 真诚地对他们微笑

811
00:48:27,229 --> 00:48:33,649
Instead of saying, oh my God, here comes that couple with that goddamn brat again,
you know, which is the horrible.
而不是说 哦 我的上帝 那对夫妇又带着那个该死的孩子来了 你知道 这太可怕了

812
00:48:33,649 --> 00:48:40,669
That's a horrible thing to do to a child, because then everywhere they go, all the
good, all the good will is false.
这对一个孩子来说是一件可怕的事情 因为无论他们去哪里 所有的好 所有的善意都是错误的

813
00:48:40,680 --> 00:48:41,112
You know,
你知道

814
00:48:41,112 --> 00:48:44,223
there's nothing that you can do to someone that's more terrible than to
你对一个人做的最可怕的事情就是把他们

815
00:48:44,223 --> 00:48:47,507
put them in a world where all the good will directed towards them is false.
放在一个所有针对他们的善意都是错误的世界里

816
00:48:47,520 --> 00:48:49,096
That's a terrible thing.
这是一件可怕的事情

817
00:48:49,096 --> 00:48:55,548
So anyways, that's what chapter that's chapter five and and chapter six is about.
不管怎样 这就是第五章和第六章的内容
818
00:48:55,560 --> 00:48:58,008
It's a rough chapter.
这是一个粗略的章节

819
00:48:58,020 --> 00:49:04,295
Um, it's about I spend a lot of time reading about totalitarianism and about
atrocity.
嗯 这是关于我花了很多时间阅读极权主义和暴行

820
00:49:04,295 --> 00:49:10,482
Like some brutal, many, many brutal things, brutal beyond the capacity of
imagination.
就像一些残忍的 很多很多残忍的事情 残忍超出了想象的能力

821
00:49:10,482 --> 00:49:17,175
Even. Um and I read a lot about individual criminals and serial killers and those
sorts of people too.
甚至 嗯 我也读了很多关于个人罪犯和连环杀手之类的人的书

822
00:49:17,175 --> 00:49:18,372
Trying to get to the Baltimore.
试图去巴尔的摩

823
00:49:18,372 --> 00:49:23,401
One book I would really recommend is a book by Carl panzram, which is a an
autobiography.
我真正推荐的一本书是卡尔·潘兹拉姆的自传

824
00:49:23,401 --> 00:49:25,378
Panzram is the name of the book.
潘兹拉姆是这本书的名字

825
00:49:25,378 --> 00:49:27,576
And he was a. Here's a rough guy, man.
他是一个 这是一个粗鲁的家伙 伙计

826
00:49:27,576 --> 00:49:28,482
His whatever.
他的什么

827
00:49:28,482 --> 00:49:32,192
His dying words to his executioner, to his hangman.
他对刽子手 对刽子手的临终遗言

828
00:49:32,192 --> 00:49:33,121
He said, hurry up. You.
他说 快点 你
829
00:49:33,121 --> 00:49:36,974
Who's your bastard? I could kill 10 men in the time that it takes you to hang me.
谁是你的私生子？在你绞死我的时间里 我可以杀 10 个人

830
00:49:36,974 --> 00:49:39,079
That was his dying words, you know?
那是他临终前的遗言 你知道吗？

831
00:49:39,079 --> 00:49:44,599
He said. I wish the human race had one neck so that I could put my hands around it
and squeeze.
他说 我希望人类有一个脖子 这样我就可以用手抓住它并挤压它

832
00:49:44,599 --> 00:49:45,963
That was Carl panzram.
那是卡尔·潘兹拉姆

833
00:49:45,963 --> 00:49:49,066
And not many people like that write out of biographies, but he did.
像这样的人写传记的不多 但他做到了

834
00:49:49,079 --> 00:49:52,420
And he told you why he was like that and why he thought that way.
他告诉你他为什么那样 为什么那样想

835
00:49:52,420 --> 00:49:58,960
In case you want to find out, which I would recommend by the way, because it's very
useful to know such things.
如果你想知道 顺便说一句 我推荐你 因为知道这些事情非常有用

836
00:49:58,960 --> 00:50:00,258
But um,
但是嗯

837
00:50:04,560 --> 00:50:09,139
I have to remember why I told you that panzram story.
我必须记住我为什么告诉你潘兹拉姆的故事

838
00:50:11,400 --> 00:50:13,181
Oh yeah, chapter six is about that.
哦 是的 第六章是关于这个的

839
00:50:13,181 --> 00:50:14,329
It's about.
是关于

840
00:50:14,339 --> 00:50:15,639
It's about panzram.
是关于潘兹拉姆的

841
00:50:15,639 --> 00:50:21,227
And it's about the Columbine kids, the kids who shot up the high school because I
read their Dyers, you know,
是关于科伦拜恩的孩子们 那些在高中开枪的孩子们 因为我读了他们的《戴尔》 你知道

842
00:50:21,227 --> 00:50:25,089
and and I understood them too, which is even better than just reading them.
我也理解他们 这比仅仅阅读他们更好

843
00:50:25,089 --> 00:50:28,593
And you know, you see these mass shootings all the time and everyone does the same
thing.
你知道 你经常看到这些大规模枪击事件 每个人都做同样的事情

844
00:50:28,593 --> 00:50:29,567
Oh, how did that happen?
哦 那是怎么发生的？

845
00:50:29,579 --> 00:50:30,658
Why did that happen?
为什么会发生这种事？

846
00:50:30,658 --> 00:50:31,871
How can it be this way?
怎么会是这样？

847
00:50:31,871 --> 00:50:37,711
It's like, well, why don't you read what they said about why they did it and just
assume that that's the reason?
就像 嗯 你为什么不看看他们说他们为什么这么做 然后假设这就是原因？

848
00:50:37,711 --> 00:50:43,286
And if you go, if you go, oh, well, the call of mine kids.
如果你去了 如果你去了 哦 好吧 我孩子的召唤

849
00:50:43,300 --> 00:50:45,649
[Applause].
[掌声]

850
00:50:45,660 --> 00:50:48,415
Oh, yeah, I was like, oh, they must have been bullied.
哦 是的 我想 哦 他们一定被欺负了

851
00:50:48,415 --> 00:50:49,963
Oh, yes, because, you know,
哦 是的 因为 你知道

852
00:50:49,963 --> 00:50:53,503
the natural response of anyone who's being bullied is to go arm
任何被欺负的人的自然反应是把

853
00:50:53,503 --> 00:50:57,155
yourself to the teeth to plot the destruction of the entire city.
自己武装到牙齿 密谋摧毁整个城市

854
00:50:57,155 --> 00:51:03,315
I think it was of Detroit to line your entire High School Avenue with bombs and
then to go and shoot your classmates.
我想是底特律用炸弹把你的整个高中大道排成一行 然后去射杀你的同学

855
00:51:03,315 --> 00:51:05,131
That's what happens when you're bullied.
当你被欺负时就会这样

856
00:51:05,131 --> 00:51:07,547
It's like, no, that. That's not what happens when you're bullied.
就像 不 那个 当你被欺负时不会这样

857
00:51:07,559 --> 00:51:09,093
That's a stupid explanation.
这是一个愚蠢的解释

858
00:51:09,093 --> 00:51:10,581
It's shallow beyond belief.
它肤浅得难以置信

859
00:51:10,581 --> 00:51:14,987
And it. And it really emerges only because people don't want to contend with the
real issue.
它 它真正出现只是因为人们不想与真正的问题抗争

860
00:51:14,987 --> 00:51:17,951
And the Columbine kids, well, they were contending with the real issue.
科伦拜恩的孩子们 嗯 他们在与真正的问题抗争

861
00:51:17,951 --> 00:51:22,757
You know, they basically said quite forthrightly that in their own arrogant
estimation,
你知道 他们基本上非常直截了当地说 在他们自己傲慢的估计中

862
00:51:22,757 --> 00:51:25,051
being itself was corrupt and unnecessary,
存在本身是腐败和不必要的

863
00:51:25,051 --> 00:51:30,240
and it would be best if it was eradicated in the most brutal possible way as fast
as possible.
最好是以最残酷的方式尽快根除它

864
00:51:30,240 --> 00:51:32,146
And you get to places like that.
你会到达这样的地方

865
00:51:32,160 --> 00:51:38,647
If you dwell on Revenge for three or four years in your mom's basement, you know,
you can go to very dark places.
如果你在你妈妈的地下室里思考复仇三四年 你知道 你可以去非常黑暗的地方

866
00:51:38,647 --> 00:51:40,499
And so that's what chapter six is about.
这就是第六章的内容

867
00:51:40,499 --> 00:51:44,773
And you know panzram, who was very brutally treated when he was a kid.
你知道潘兹拉姆 他小时候受到非常残酷的对待

868
00:51:44,773 --> 00:51:49,495
And they call them buying guys who, you know, had their ups and downs,
他们称之为买主 你知道 他们有起有落

869
00:51:49,495 --> 00:51:54,218
but nothing compared to Carl panzram say were were judges of being and
但是没有什么比卡尔·潘兹拉姆说的更能评判

870
00:51:54,218 --> 00:51:59,008
decided that it was flawed and that they were the ones to set it right.
存在 并决定它是有缺陷的 他们是纠正它的人

871
00:51:59,008 --> 00:52:02,210
And so it's a rough chapter.
所以这是一个艰难的章节

872
00:52:02,220 --> 00:52:03,686
Um, but it's more than that.
嗯 但不止于此

873
00:52:03,686 --> 00:52:08,090
It's a meditation on resentment, because resentment is a key human motivation.
这是对怨恨的沉思 因为怨恨是人类的一个关键动机
874
00:52:08,090 --> 00:52:09,615
And I would say it's I'm.
我会说是我

875
00:52:09,615 --> 00:52:15,107
It's a great teacher to to listen to your resentment is one of the best things you
can possibly do.
倾听你的怨恨是你能做的最好的事情之一 这是一个很好的老师

876
00:52:15,107 --> 00:52:19,628
You have to admit that it exists first and then you have to admit to the fantasies
你必须首先承认它的存在 然后你必须承认它

877
00:52:19,628 --> 00:52:24,531
that it's generating and you have to admit to what you would regard as the way out
of it.
正在产生的幻想 你必须承认你认为摆脱它的方法

878
00:52:24,531 --> 00:52:31,707
So that's all very difficult because it means learning things about yourself that
you probably don't want to learn.
所以这非常困难 因为这意味着了解一些你可能不想了解的关于你自己的事情

879
00:52:31,707 --> 00:52:34,907
But resentment only means one of two things.
但是怨恨只意味着两件事中的一件

880
00:52:34,920 --> 00:52:38,565
It means either like shut the hell up, grow up, quit whining and get on with it.
它的意思是要么闭嘴 长大 停止抱怨 继续前进

881
00:52:38,579 --> 00:52:40,811
That's one thing it means.
这是它的一个意思

882
00:52:40,811 --> 00:52:43,491
Or someone is playing the Tyrant to you.
或者有人在你面前扮演暴君

883
00:52:43,491 --> 00:52:48,953
Might even be you and you have something to say and do that you should say and do
to put it to a stop.
甚至可能是你 你有什么要说的和做的 你应该说和做的来阻止它

884
00:52:48,953 --> 00:52:54,105
And so maybe and resentment can show you the pathway to doing that.
所以也许怨恨可以告诉你做到这一点的途径
885
00:52:54,119 --> 00:52:57,037
Um there's a meditation on resentment.
嗯 有一个关于怨恨的冥想

886
00:52:57,037 --> 00:53:00,757
And one of the one of the principles that I extracted from
我从中得出的一个原则

887
00:53:00,757 --> 00:53:04,667
that is like a resentful person wants other people to change.
是 一个怨恨的人希望别人改变

888
00:53:04,680 --> 00:53:07,847
And if you're resentful, then your motivations aren't trustworthy.
如果你怨恨 那么你的动机就不值得信任

889
00:53:07,847 --> 00:53:09,301
In fact, they're very, very dark.
事实上 它们非常非常黑暗

890
00:53:09,301 --> 00:53:13,909
And that's why I went to the extreme with people like panzram and the Columbine
killers.
这就是为什么我在潘兹拉姆和科伦拜恩杀手这样的人身上走到了极端

891
00:53:13,920 --> 00:53:19,967
Um, resentful people who want to change the world are not to be trusted.
嗯 想要改变世界的怨恨的人是不可信的

892
00:53:19,980 --> 00:53:21,140
What should you do? Instead?
你应该怎么做？相反？

893
00:53:21,140 --> 00:53:22,660
How do you treat your own resentment?
你如何对待自己的怨恨？

894
00:53:22,660 --> 00:53:25,247
I would say, well, there's a, there's a great.
我会说 嗯 有一个 有一个很棒的

895
00:53:25,260 --> 00:53:30,268
I read this great line in that T.S Eliot play called the cocktail party.
我在艾略特的戏剧《鸡尾酒会》中读到过这句伟大的台词

896
00:53:30,268 --> 00:53:32,637
And in it this woman comes up to a psychiatrist.
在书中 这个女人来到精神病医生面前

897
00:53:32,637 --> 00:53:34,189
I think this is in this chapter.
我想这是在这一章

898
00:53:34,189 --> 00:53:37,471
And she says, you know, I'm having a really rough time of it.
她说 你知道 我过得很艰难

899
00:53:37,471 --> 00:53:38,449
I'm suffering badly.
我很痛苦

900
00:53:38,449 --> 00:53:39,861
My life is not going well.
我的生活不太顺利

901
00:53:39,861 --> 00:53:43,670
And and then she says, uh, I hope that there's something wrong with me.
然后她说 呃 我希望我有问题

902
00:53:43,680 --> 00:53:46,523
And the psychiatrist says, what the hell do you mean by that?
精神病医生说 你到底是什么意思？

903
00:53:46,523 --> 00:53:48,232
And she says, well, here's how I look at it.
她说 好吧 我是这么看的

904
00:53:48,232 --> 00:53:53,812
There's either something wrong with the world and I'm just in it, and that's how it
is.
要么这个世界有问题 我就在里面 就是这样

905
00:53:53,812 --> 00:53:55,909
And then, like, what am I going to do about that?
然后 就像 我该怎么办？

906
00:53:55,920 --> 00:53:57,590
Because it's the whole world?
因为这是整个世界？

907
00:53:57,590 --> 00:53:58,701
Or maybe I could be fortunate.
或者我可能很幸运

908
00:53:58,701 --> 00:54:02,670
And there's something wrong with me that's causing all this unnecessary suffering.
我有问题 导致了所有这些不必要的痛苦

909
00:54:02,670 --> 00:54:04,555
And if I would, I could just set it right.
如果我愿意 我可以纠正它

910
00:54:04,555 --> 00:54:07,066
I could learn and I could set it right.
我可以学习 我可以纠正它

911
00:54:07,079 --> 00:54:11,423
And so well, I've been thinking about that for a very long time.
所以 我已经想了很长时间了

912
00:54:11,423 --> 00:54:16,508
And I think, well, if your life isn't going the way it is, you know, you can find
someone else to blame,
我想 嗯 如果你的生活不像现在这样 你知道 你可以找别人来责怪

913
00:54:16,508 --> 00:54:17,864
which is pretty convenient.
这很方便

914
00:54:17,864 --> 00:54:20,155
For you, and also relatively easy.
对你来说 也相对容易

915
00:54:20,155 --> 00:54:23,676
Or you could think, okay, I don't like life.
或者你可以想 好吧 我不喜欢生活

916
00:54:23,676 --> 00:54:26,861
I don't like the way my life is unfolding.
我不喜欢我的生活展开的方式

917
00:54:26,861 --> 00:54:34,280
Maybe I don't like life in general because it's tragic and and tainted with evil.
也许我不喜欢一般的生活 因为它是悲惨的 被邪恶玷污了

918
00:54:36,300 --> 00:54:40,286
How do I know if my judgment is accurate and the question is, well,
我怎么知道我的判断是否准确 问题是 嗯

919
00:54:40,286 --> 00:54:44,508
have I really done everything I possibly could to set my life straight?
我真的尽我所能让我的生活变得更好了吗？
920
00:54:44,520 --> 00:54:46,730
Because maybe I shouldn't be judging it.
因为也许我不应该评判它

921
00:54:46,740 --> 00:54:50,627
It's quality or the quality of life itself or being itself, for that matter.
这是生活本身的质量或质量 或者就此而言 是本身

922
00:54:50,640 --> 00:54:56,564
If I haven't done everything I possibly could to set my life straight?
如果我没有尽我所能让我的生活变得更好？

923
00:54:56,579 --> 00:54:58,841
Well, so there's a, there's a task.
嗯 所以有一个 有一个任务

924
00:54:58,841 --> 00:55:02,222
Soldier knitson, who I'm a great, I'm a great admirer of social Nets,
士兵尼特森 我是一个伟大的人 我是社交网络的超级崇拜者

925
00:55:02,222 --> 00:55:06,714
and his book the gulag archipelago was one of the things that brought down the
Soviet Union.
他的书古拉格群岛是推翻苏联的原因之一

926
00:55:06,714 --> 00:55:10,195
And he said that one man who stopped lying could bring down a tyranny.
他说一个停止撒谎的人可以推翻暴政

927
00:55:10,195 --> 00:55:12,604
And you know, he said that with some Authority,
你知道 他说有了一些权威

928
00:55:12,604 --> 00:55:18,027
I think you could easily make the case that the gulag archipelago is the greatest
book of the 20th century.
我认为你可以很容易地证明古拉格群岛是 20 世纪最伟大的书

929
00:55:18,027 --> 00:55:20,614
I mean, there's other contenders, obviously.
我是说 显然还有其他竞争者

930
00:55:20,614 --> 00:55:25,363
But he said when he was in the gulag camps, you know, meditating on how the hell he
got there.
但是他说当他在古拉格集中营的时候 你知道 思考他是怎么到那里的
931
00:55:25,380 --> 00:55:26,277
And he had a rough life.
他的生活很艰难

932
00:55:26,277 --> 00:55:30,011
Man, I mean, first of all, he was on the Russian front at the beginning of World
War II,
伙计 我是说 首先 二战开始时 他在俄罗斯前线

933
00:55:30,011 --> 00:55:33,956
and then he was thrown in the gulag camps, and that was just the beginning of his
adventures.
然后他被扔进古拉格集中营 那只是他冒险的开始

934
00:55:33,956 --> 00:55:36,379
Man, he had a rough life, and he was in the camps.
伙计 他的生活很艰难 他在集中营里

935
00:55:36,379 --> 00:55:38,079
He was thinking, what the hell?
他在想 这到底是什么？

936
00:55:38,079 --> 00:55:38,924
Like, how that?
比如 怎么回事？

937
00:55:38,924 --> 00:55:40,276
What? How did I get here?
什么？我怎么会在这里？

938
00:55:40,276 --> 00:55:41,249
What's going on?
这是怎么回事？

939
00:55:41,249 --> 00:55:43,524
And he had Hitler and Stalin to blame.
他责怪希特勒和斯大林

940
00:55:43,524 --> 00:55:48,224
Right? So if you have, if you need someone to blame, man, Hitler and stellen, that
that's great.
对吗？所以如果你有 如果你需要责怪某人 伙计 希特勒和斯泰伦 那很好

941
00:55:48,240 --> 00:55:50,676
But he, he, that isn't what he did.
但是他 他 那不是他所做的

942
00:55:50,676 --> 00:55:56,124
He said. He meditated for a while once he realized that he might have something to
do with in some strange way,
他说 当他意识到他可能以某种奇怪的方式与一些事情有关时 他冥想了一会儿

943
00:55:56,124 --> 00:55:58,071
with the way things turned out for him.
事情对他来说是这样的

944
00:55:58,071 --> 00:56:00,859
And he said he went over his life with a fine-tooth comb.
他说他用一把细齿梳子回顾了他的一生

945
00:56:00,859 --> 00:56:01,911
In his memory.
在他的记忆中

946
00:56:01,911 --> 00:56:04,780
He thought, okay, where did I go wrong?
他想 好吧 我哪里错了？

947
00:56:04,780 --> 00:56:08,821
But by my own judgment, when, when I, when there was a path in front of me,
但是根据我自己的判断 当 当我 当我面前有一条路

948
00:56:08,821 --> 00:56:11,747
when did I take the path that I knew I shouldn't take?
我什么时候走上了我知道我不应该走的路？

949
00:56:11,760 --> 00:56:13,804
Because you all know that, right?
因为你们都知道 对吧？

950
00:56:13,804 --> 00:56:17,988
You know, sometimes you don't know if what you're doing is good or if it's bad.
你知道 有时候你不知道你所做的是好是坏

951
00:56:18,000 --> 00:56:18,825
It's just ignorance.
这只是无知

952
00:56:18,825 --> 00:56:23,107
You just don't know. But sometimes you bloody well know and you do the thing you
know you shouldn't do.
你只是不知道 但有时你非常清楚 你会做你知道不应该做的事

953
00:56:23,107 --> 00:56:25,567
Anyways, that happens a lot.
不管怎样 这种情况经常发生

954
00:56:25,567 --> 00:56:27,202
And why do you do that?
你为什么要这么做？

955
00:56:27,202 --> 00:56:28,485
Spike is part of it.
斯派克是其中的一部分

956
00:56:28,500 --> 00:56:31,910
Stupidity. There's all sorts of reasons, but you certainly know you do it.
愚蠢 有各种各样的原因 但你肯定知道你这样做了

957
00:56:31,910 --> 00:56:37,786
So, as Nixon thought, okay, well, what would happen if I took responsibility for
where I am in this concentration camp?
所以 正如尼克松所想 好吧 好吧 如果我对自己在集中营的位置负责会发生什么？

958
00:56:37,800 --> 00:56:43,607
And then I went over my whole life and tried to figure out all the things I did
that were wrong by my own estimation,
然后我回顾了我的一生 试图找出我做的所有我自己认为是错误的事情

959
00:56:43,607 --> 00:56:46,265
that increased the probability that I would get here?
这增加了我到达这里的可能性？

960
00:56:46,265 --> 00:56:50,509
And then what would happen if I tried to set them all right now in the present?
然后如果我试图把它们放在现在会发生什么？

961
00:56:50,520 --> 00:56:52,692
And that's why he wrote the gulag archipelago.
这就是他写古拉格群岛的原因

962
00:56:52,692 --> 00:56:57,924
And one of the consequences of that, as I said, was It sped, the dissolution of the
Soviet Empire.
正如我所说 其后果之一是它加速了苏联帝国的解体

963
00:56:57,924 --> 00:56:59,392
So, hey, that's not bad, eh?
所以 嘿 这还不错 嗯？

964
00:56:59,392 --> 00:57:05,633
Like you make a real confession, you really repent you, you do your Penance, which
is writing this book,
就像你做了一个真正的忏悔 你真的忏悔了你 你做了你的忏悔 这就是写这本书

965
00:57:05,633 --> 00:57:09,616
and you completely change the geopolitical landscape of the world.
你彻底改变了世界的地缘政治格局

966
00:57:09,616 --> 00:57:14,050
It's like, and that that's worth thinking about, because it's not only
soldiernitzen who did that,
这就像 这值得思考 因为不仅仅是士兵尼岑这样做了

967
00:57:14,050 --> 00:57:16,022
Nelson Mandela did something quite similar.
纳尔逊·曼德拉做了非常相似的事情

968
00:57:16,022 --> 00:57:18,032
It's not so impossible.
这不是不可能的

969
00:57:18,032 --> 00:57:21,850
And so the idea that what you should do if you're feeling resentful
所以如果你对自己的生活感到

970
00:57:21,850 --> 00:57:25,613
about the nature of being or suffering too much for your own life,
不满或遭受太多痛苦 你应该做什么

971
00:57:25,613 --> 00:57:28,140
let's say, is straighten the damn thing out.
比方说 把这该死的事情弄清楚

972
00:57:28,140 --> 00:57:31,857
Like, seriously, try it for a year, even try it for a week.
比如 说真的 尝试一年 甚至尝试一周

973
00:57:31,857 --> 00:57:36,290
Try not doing the things you know you shouldn't do.
试着不做你知道不应该做的事情

974
00:57:36,290 --> 00:57:41,414
Try not saying the things you know to be false, and just watch what happens.
试着不说你知道是假的事情 看看会发生什么

975
00:57:41,414 --> 00:57:42,917
You might as well give it a shot.
你不妨试一试

976
00:57:42,917 --> 00:57:47,807
Right? Because you say, well, I'm all in for a year, you know, I'm gonna do things
right,
对吗？因为你说 好吧 我全力以赴一年 你知道 我会把事情做好

977
00:57:47,807 --> 00:57:51,449
and then I'll just stand back and kind of watch how things unfold.
然后我会退后一步 看着事情如何发展

978
00:57:51,449 --> 00:57:55,445
And maybe I'll reconsider at the end of that year.
也许我会在那一年结束时重新考虑

979
00:57:55,445 --> 00:57:58,548
It's like, try it, try it.
就像 试试看 试试看

980
00:57:58,559 --> 00:58:06,331
I mean, I would say I've had thousands of letters now from people who are saying,
hey, I tried that, you know, and hey,
我是说 我会说我现在收到了成千上万封信 他们说 嘿 我试过了 你知道 嘿

981
00:58:06,331 --> 00:58:07,497
you know, worked.
你知道 奏效了

982
00:58:07,497 --> 00:58:11,235
You know, I quit lying and everything.
你知道 我不再撒谎了

983
00:58:11,235 --> 00:58:16,843
Quit. Do you ever see that Simpsons episode where Sideshow Bob keeps stepping on
the rake over and over?
退出 你看过《辛普森一家》那集吗 杂耍鲍勃一遍又一遍地踩耙？

984
00:58:16,843 --> 00:58:21,453
That's like his whole yard is littered with rakes and all he does is walk around
and step on.
就像他的整个院子里到处都是耙 他所做的就是四处走走 踩踩

985
00:58:21,453 --> 00:58:24,046
Then curse steps on a rake and hits him in the face.
然后诅咒踩在耙上 打他的脸

986
00:58:24,046 --> 00:58:26,451
And he curses. And then he steps on another rake and it hit.
他诅咒 然后他踩在另一个耙上 它击中了

987
00:58:26,451 --> 00:58:28,308
You know what I mean?
你明白我的意思吗？

988
00:58:28,319 --> 00:58:31,067
Um, stop doing that.
嗯 别这样

989
00:58:31,079 --> 00:58:35,526
You know, exactly.
你知道 没错

990
00:58:35,526 --> 00:58:36,979
Yeah,
是的

991
00:58:40,859 --> 00:58:42,575
I don't know if we'll get through all 12 rules.
我不知道我们是否能通过所有 12 条规则

992
00:58:42,575 --> 00:58:47,029
I guess you'll have to read the damn book anyways.
我想你无论如何都要读这该死的书

993
00:58:47,040 --> 00:58:50,112
Rule seven, rule of seven just about killed me.
规则七 七次印象理论几乎要了我的命

994
00:58:50,112 --> 00:58:53,587
Like I. I've had a lot of bad Health in the last year,
像我一样 去年我的健康状况很差

995
00:58:53,587 --> 00:58:59,654
and having to rewrite rule seven coincided with one of those periods that lasted
about a month.
不得不重写规则七恰逢其中一个持续了大约一个月的时期

996
00:58:59,654 --> 00:59:04,247
And it was. It was the hardest chapter by far, and it went down the Deepest by far,
是的 这是迄今为止最难的一章 也是迄今为止最深的一章

997
00:59:04,247 --> 00:59:06,271
and it was really hard to get right.
这真的很难弄对

998
00:59:06,271 --> 00:59:09,952
It's called do what is Meaningful, not what is expedient.
这叫做做有意义的事情 而不是权宜之计
999
00:59:09,952 --> 00:59:15,685
And I'll just tell you a little bit about the chapter because I figured something
out in it that and then explained it,
我会告诉你一些关于这一章的事情 因为我在里面发现了一些东西 然后解释了它

1000
00:59:15,685 --> 00:59:17,884
something that took me decades to figure out.
我花了几十年才弄清楚的事情

1001
00:59:17,884 --> 00:59:19,110
So there's this idea.
所以有了这个想法

1002
00:59:19,110 --> 00:59:25,847
It's a. It's a very deep Christian idea that the Messiah is the person who takes
the world's sins upon himself.
这是一个 这是一个非常深刻的基督教观念 弥赛亚是把世界上的罪归咎于自己的人

1003
00:59:25,847 --> 00:59:27,537
Right? That's a characteristic of Christ.
对吗？这是基督的一个特征

1004
00:59:27,537 --> 00:59:28,731
Right? It's something.
对吗？这很重要

1005
00:59:28,731 --> 00:59:31,127
The idea is something like Christ died for your sins.
这个想法就像基督为你的罪而死

1006
00:59:31,140 --> 00:59:32,058
It's like, what the.
就像 什么

1007
00:59:32,058 --> 00:59:33,591
What the hell does that mean?
这到底是什么意思？

1008
00:59:33,591 --> 00:59:36,317
Exactly? You know, and partly what it means.
没错？你知道 部分是它的意思

1009
00:59:36,317 --> 00:59:39,281
And I would say a slightly corrupted form of Christianity is that
我会说基督教的一种稍微腐败的形式是 你

1010
00:59:39,281 --> 00:59:42,515
you just have to believe that that happened in the and you're redeemed.
只需要相信那发生在 20 世纪 90 年代 你就被救赎了

1011
00:59:42,515 --> 00:59:44,304
It's like, well, that's.
就像 嗯 那是

1012
00:59:44,304 --> 00:59:46,540
We'll leave that aside for a second.
我们暂时把它放在一边

1013
00:59:46,540 --> 00:59:48,646
But there's an idea there, a psychological idea.
但是这里有一个想法 一个心理学的想法

1014
00:59:48,646 --> 00:59:53,062
And you know that because the idea doesn't go away, it's lasted for thousands of
years.
你知道 因为这个想法不会消失 它已经持续了几千年

1015
00:59:53,062 --> 00:59:56,226
It's like, well, so the idea signifies something.
就像 嗯 所以这个想法意味着什么

1016
00:59:56,226 --> 01:00:00,895
It has a psychological reality, independent of its metaphysical reality, whatever
that might be.
它有一个心理现实 独立于形而上学的现实 不管那是什么

1017
01:00:00,895 --> 01:00:02,992
And so I thought about that for a long time.
所以我想了很长时间

1018
01:00:02,992 --> 01:00:05,575
It's like, what in the world does that possibly mean?
就像 这到底意味着什么？

1019
01:00:05,575 --> 01:00:07,239
And then I realized, and Jung knew this.
然后我意识到 荣格知道这一点

1020
01:00:07,239 --> 01:00:11,404
Carl, Jung knew this, that it was associated with this idea of the Shadow.
卡尔 荣格知道这一点 它与影子的想法有关

1021
01:00:11,404 --> 01:00:13,476
I had this client once.
我曾经有过一个客户

1022
01:00:13,476 --> 01:00:17,175
Who? Oh, her parents, man, they were pieces of work.
谁？哦 她的父母 伙计 他们是作品的一部分

1023
01:00:17,175 --> 01:00:21,747
She, her parents taught her, I swear to you that this is the truth.
她 她的父母教她 我向你发誓这是事实

1024
01:00:21,747 --> 01:00:25,392
Her parents taught her that adults were Angels.
她的父母教她成年人是天使

1025
01:00:25,392 --> 01:00:26,869
Literally.
字面意思

1026
01:00:26,880 --> 01:00:31,940
And when I saw her, she was about 30 and she had a lot of strange symptoms,
symptoms of sorts.
当我见到她时 她大约 30 岁 她有很多奇怪的症状 各种各样的症状

1027
01:00:31,940 --> 01:00:35,048
I'd never seen psychosomatic symptoms.
我从未见过心身症状

1028
01:00:35,059 --> 01:00:36,448
She.
她

1029
01:00:36,448 --> 01:00:40,756
She had kind of like quasi-epileptic seizures at night.
她晚上有点像癫痫发作

1030
01:00:40,756 --> 01:00:42,736
And no. But she stayed conscious during them.
没有 但是她在过程中保持清醒

1031
01:00:42,736 --> 01:00:44,292
It was very difficult to understand it.
很难理解

1032
01:00:44,292 --> 01:00:45,545
And I won't walk through it.
我不会走过去

1033
01:00:45,545 --> 01:00:48,875
But her parents told her that adults were angels.
但是她的父母告诉她成年人是天使

1034
01:00:48,875 --> 01:00:51,095
And, uh, and she was, like, 28.
她大概 28 岁

1035
01:00:51,095 --> 01:00:53,319
She had a University degree.
她有大学学位

1036
01:00:53,319 --> 01:00:58,517
And and I said, well, did he ever wonder about that?
我说 嗯 他有没有想过这个？

1037
01:00:58,517 --> 01:01:00,575
I said, didn't you read any history?
我说 你没读过历史吗？

1038
01:01:00,575 --> 01:01:02,132
And she said, yeah, what?
她说 是的 什么？

1039
01:01:02,132 --> 01:01:07,178
I read something about the terrible things that people did to each other and I
would just compartmentalize it.
我读到一些关于人们对彼此所做的可怕的事情 我会把它分开

1040
01:01:07,178 --> 01:01:12,798
And that was actually the key that I used to unlock what was wrong with her, which
was eventually fixed.
这实际上是我用来解开她问题的钥匙 最终被修复了

1041
01:01:12,798 --> 01:01:14,603
And I won't go into that.
我不会详述这一点

1042
01:01:14,603 --> 01:01:18,091
But but I said, I gave her this book, gave her two books.
但是我说 我给了她这本书 给了她两本书

1043
01:01:18,091 --> 01:01:22,653
I gave her a book called, uh, the terror that comes in the night, which is a book
about,
我给了她一本书 叫做 呃 夜晚降临的恐怖 这是一本关于

1044
01:01:22,653 --> 01:01:24,754
um about sleep paralysis and Nightmares,
嗯 关于睡眠瘫痪和噩梦的书

1045
01:01:24,754 --> 01:01:29,266
because I thought that was what might have been bothering or turned out that wasn't
it.
因为我认为这可能是困扰她的事情 或者事实并非如此

1046
01:01:29,280 --> 01:01:33,588
Then I gave her this other book called Ordinary ordinary men.
然后我给了她另一本书 叫做《普通的普通人》

1047
01:01:33,599 --> 01:01:34,916
And it's a great book.
这是一本很棒的书

1048
01:01:34,916 --> 01:01:36,889
It's a terrible book, Terrible,
这是一本可怕的书 可怕

1049
01:01:36,889 --> 01:01:40,836
dark book about about this police Battalion that was moved into
关于二战期间纳粹进军波兰后

1050
01:01:40,836 --> 01:01:44,784
Poland during World War II after the Nazis had marched through.
被转移到波兰的警察营的黑暗书

1051
01:01:44,784 --> 01:01:50,706
And it was all made of middle-aged guys who weren't, like victims of Nazi
totalitarian propaganda when they were kids.
这些都是由中年男子组成的 他们不是 像纳粹极权主义宣传的受害者 当他们还是孩子的时候

1052
01:01:50,706 --> 01:01:54,886
They were just, you know, Bourgeois, middle class guys, kind of like all of us,
let's say.
他们只是 你知道 资产阶级 中产阶级 有点像我们所有人 比方说

1053
01:01:54,900 --> 01:02:04,311
And they went to to police Poland and um they were going to have to do some
Terrible Things essentially.
他们去了波兰警察局 嗯 他们将不得不做一些可怕的事情

1054
01:02:04,311 --> 01:02:10,742
But their Commander told them quite forthrightly that if being involved in Wartime
policing was too hard on them,
但是他们的指挥官非常直截了当地告诉他们 如果参与战时警务对他们来说太难了

1055
01:02:10,742 --> 01:02:15,030
if they felt that it ethically violated, the more psychologically violated,
如果他们觉得这在道德上被侵犯了 在心理上被侵犯得越多

1056
01:02:15,030 --> 01:02:18,021
that they could just go back to policing in Germany.
他们可以回到德国维持治安

1057
01:02:18,021 --> 01:02:22,488
And very few of them did, partly because they didn't want to abandon their
comrades.
他们中很少有人这样做 部分原因是他们不想抛弃他们的同志

1058
01:02:22,500 --> 01:02:25,573
Let's say they didn't want them to have to do the Dirty Work, you know?
假设他们不想让他们做肮脏的工作 你知道吗？

1059
01:02:25,573 --> 01:02:26,430
And they ended up.
他们最终

1060
01:02:26,430 --> 01:02:27,781
They were normal policemen.
他们是普通的警察

1061
01:02:27,781 --> 01:02:30,625
They ended up the sorts of people who could take naked pregnant women
他们最终成为那种可以把裸体孕妇

1062
01:02:30,625 --> 01:02:33,592
out into the middle of the field and shoot them in the back of the head.
带到田野中央 朝她们后脑勺开枪的人

1063
01:02:33,592 --> 01:02:36,527
That's how the book. That's the culmination of their training.
这就是这本书 这是他们训练的高潮

1064
01:02:36,540 --> 01:02:42,991
It's very interesting to read about their training because they were absolutely
sickened by what they learned to do,
阅读他们的训练非常有趣 因为他们对自己所学的东西感到非常恶心

1065
01:02:42,991 --> 01:02:46,134
like physically sick and vomiting, shaking, traumatized.
比如身体不适、呕吐、颤抖、精神创伤

1066
01:02:46,134 --> 01:02:47,748
But they didn't stop.
但他们没有停止

1067
01:02:47,760 --> 01:02:50,676
And and if you want to know why, then you can read the book.
如果你想知道为什么 你可以读这本书

1068
01:02:50,676 --> 01:02:56,606
And I said, look, read this book, but don't bloody well compartmentalize it enough
of that.
我说 看 读这本书 但不要把它划分得足够好

1069
01:02:56,606 --> 01:03:02,506
It's like read it like you're one of the damn policemen, which is how you should
read history, right?
这就像你是一个该死的警察 这就是你应该读历史的方式 对吗？

1070
01:03:02,506 --> 01:03:06,146
You read about Nazi Germany and you think, well, I'm Oscar Schindler.
你读到纳粹德国 你会想 嗯 我是奥斯卡·辛德勒

1071
01:03:06,146 --> 01:03:07,575
I'd save the Jews.
我会拯救犹太人

1072
01:03:07,575 --> 01:03:10,586
It's like, no, you wouldn't, right?
就像 不 你不会 对吗？

1073
01:03:10,586 --> 01:03:13,607
You wouldn't, because people didn't.
你不会 因为人们没有

1074
01:03:13,619 --> 01:03:16,268
And the probability is very high that you wouldn't.
你不会的可能性非常高

1075
01:03:16,268 --> 01:03:18,204
And all you have to do is think it through.
你所要做的就是想清楚

1076
01:03:18,204 --> 01:03:19,399
You know what, Anne Frank?
你知道吗 安妮·弗兰克？

1077
01:03:19,399 --> 01:03:25,034
It's like you're really going to put your family at risk to hide a group of another
family in your attic for,
就像你真的要冒着风险把另一个家庭的一群人藏在你的阁楼里
1078
01:03:25,034 --> 01:03:28,160
like multiple years while there's Nazis parading the street.
就像很多年纳粹在街上游行

1079
01:03:28,160 --> 01:03:30,144
And where, if you get exposed, you all die.
如果你暴露了 你们都会死在哪里

1080
01:03:30,144 --> 01:03:32,567
You're going to do that, are you?
你会这么做的 是吗？

1081
01:03:32,579 --> 01:03:34,330
It's, like very unlikely.
这是不太可能的

1082
01:03:34,330 --> 01:03:39,174
And and no wonder it's not surprising that it's unlikely, but you don't want to be
inflating yourself with self,
难怪这不太可能并不奇怪 但你不想用自我膨胀自己

1083
01:03:39,174 --> 01:03:42,947
you know, with with fictional heroism without actually knowing the facts on the
ground.
你知道 在不了解实际情况的情况下 用虚构的英雄主义

1084
01:03:42,960 --> 01:03:50,869
So I told her to read, read it, and to understand that the policemen were her.
所以我告诉她读 读 并理解警察就是她

1085
01:03:50,880 --> 01:03:54,378
And and that's the thing to understand.
这就是要理解的事情

1086
01:03:54,720 --> 01:03:57,200
Well,
嗯

1087
01:03:59,700 --> 01:04:05,705
the idea that the savior is the person who takes the world sins upon himself is
exactly that.
救世主是把世界的罪恶归咎于自己的人的想法正是如此

1088
01:04:05,705 --> 01:04:07,786
It's exactly the same idea.
这是完全相同的想法
1089
01:04:07,799 --> 01:04:13,230
It's like the way that their stops being Nazis is for you to know
就像他们不再是纳粹的方式让你

1090
01:04:13,230 --> 01:04:18,827
that the Nazis were you and for you to decide not to do that again.
知道纳粹就是你 让你决定不再这样做

1091
01:04:18,839 --> 01:04:20,006
But you have to know.
但你必须知道

1092
01:04:20,006 --> 01:04:22,576
You see, this is the thing that people won't do.
你看 这是人们不会做的事情

1093
01:04:22,576 --> 01:04:28,298
You have to understand that you could not only do what the Nazi count guards did in
Auschwitz,
你必须明白 你不仅可以做纳粹伯爵警卫在奥斯威辛做的事情

1094
01:04:28,298 --> 01:04:30,588
but that you could actually enjoy it.
而且你可以真正享受它

1095
01:04:30,599 --> 01:04:33,768
And then you have to decide that you're not going to do that anymore.
然后你必须决定不再那样做了

1096
01:04:33,780 --> 01:04:36,170
And that's not an easy thing to figure out.
这不是一件容易弄清楚的事情

1097
01:04:36,180 --> 01:04:38,390
Well, and that's what that chapter is about.
嗯 这就是那一章的内容

1098
01:04:38,400 --> 01:04:39,906
So that's a rough chapter.
所以这是一个粗略的章节

1099
01:04:39,906 --> 01:04:41,369
Matt, that's a rough chapter.
马特 这是一个粗略的章节

1100
01:04:41,369 --> 01:04:43,006
And that's only a bit of what it's about.
这只是它的一部分

1101
01:04:43,006 --> 01:04:46,781
You know, there's a lot of, there's a lot in there.
你知道 有很多 里面有很多

1102
01:04:46,781 --> 01:04:48,437
And and that's.
那是

1103
01:04:49,440 --> 01:04:51,889
Anyways, that's what that's about.
不管怎样 这就是它的内容

1104
01:04:51,900 --> 01:04:58,729
Um, chapter 10, chapter nine.
嗯 第 10 章 第 9 章

1105
01:04:58,740 --> 01:04:59,577
Let's see.
让我们看看

1106
01:04:59,577 --> 01:05:01,283
I better a little tired here.
我最好有点累

1107
01:05:01,283 --> 01:05:06,890
Oh yes. Chapter nine is assume that the person you are listening to might know
something you don't.
哦 是的 第九章是假设你正在听的人可能知道一些你不知道的事情

1108
01:05:06,900 --> 01:05:12,049
This is a chapter about conversation and about the different forms conversation
takes.
这一章是关于对话和对话的不同形式

1109
01:05:12,059 --> 01:05:16,140
It's a chapter about humility, and it's a chapter about listening.
这一章是关于谦逊的 这一章是关于倾听的

1110
01:05:16,140 --> 01:05:17,907
And the humility element is.
谦逊的元素是

1111
01:05:17,907 --> 01:05:22,054
It took me a long time to understand why there's religious injunctions supporting
我花了很长时间才理解为什么有支持谦逊的宗教
1112
01:05:22,054 --> 01:05:26,506
humility to even understand what the word really meant in that sort of technical
sense.
禁令 甚至理解谦逊这个词在那种技术意义上的真正含义

1113
01:05:26,520 --> 01:05:27,963
And it means something like this.
它的意思是这样的

1114
01:05:27,963 --> 01:05:31,367
It means what you don't know is more important than what you know.
这意味着你不知道的比你知道的更重要

1115
01:05:31,380 --> 01:05:35,999
And that's a lovely thing to then then what you don't know can start to be your
friend.
这是一件可爱的事情 这样你不知道的就可以开始成为你的朋友

1116
01:05:35,999 --> 01:05:41,136
You see, people are very defensive about what they know and for the reasons we've
already discussed.
你看 人们对他们所知道的非常保守 原因我们已经讨论过了

1117
01:05:41,136 --> 01:05:43,787
But the thing is, you don't know enough.
但问题是 你知道的不够多

1118
01:05:43,787 --> 01:05:45,974
And the re you can tell you don't know enough,
你可以告诉你你知道的不够多

1119
01:05:45,974 --> 01:05:50,257
because your life is not what it could be and neither is the life of the people
around you.
因为你的生活不是它可能的样子 你周围人的生活也不是

1120
01:05:50,257 --> 01:05:52,380
You just don't know enough.
你只是知道的不够多

1121
01:05:52,380 --> 01:05:58,798
And so what that means is that every time you encounter some evidence that you're
ignorant, someone points it out.
这意味着每次你遇到一些你无知的证据 就会有人指出它

1122
01:05:58,798 --> 01:06:02,676
You should be happy about that because you think, oh, you just told me how I'm
wrong.
你应该为此感到高兴 因为你想 哦 你刚刚告诉我我怎么错了

1123
01:06:02,676 --> 01:06:03,800
It's like great.
感觉很棒

1124
01:06:03,800 --> 01:06:09,598
Like maybe I had to sift through a lot of nonsense to get through the real message
that you're telling me.
就像也许我不得不筛选很多废话来理解你告诉我的真实信息

1125
01:06:09,598 --> 01:06:12,157
But if you could actually tell me some way that I'm wrong and
但是如果你能以某种方式告诉我我错了

1126
01:06:12,157 --> 01:06:14,759
then maybe give me a hint about how to not be wrong like that,
然后也许能给我一个提示 告诉我如何不这样错

1127
01:06:14,759 --> 01:06:17,155
well, then I wouldn't have to be wrong like that anymore.
好吧 那我就不用再犯那样的错误了

1128
01:06:17,155 --> 01:06:18,902
That that would be a good thing.
那将是一件好事

1129
01:06:18,902 --> 01:06:23,627
And you can, you can, you can embark on that Adventure by listening to people.
你可以 你可以 你可以通过倾听别人的意见来开始冒险

1130
01:06:23,640 --> 01:06:26,509
And if you listen to people, they will tell you.
如果你倾听别人 他们会告诉你

1131
01:06:26,520 --> 01:06:29,039
They'll tell you amazing things if you listen to them.
如果你倾听他们 他们会告诉你惊人的事情

1132
01:06:29,039 --> 01:06:32,621
And many of those things are little tools that you can put in your toolkit, like
Batman.
其中许多都是小工具 你可以把它们放在你的工具包里 比如蝙蝠侠

1133
01:06:32,621 --> 01:06:35,415
And then you can go out into the world and use those tools.
然后你可以去外面的世界并使用这些工具
1134
01:06:35,415 --> 01:06:38,931
And you don't have to fall blindly into a pit quite as often.
你不必经常盲目地掉进坑里

1135
01:06:38,931 --> 01:06:43,427
And so the humility element is, well, do you want to be right?
所以谦逊的元素是 你想是对的吗？

1136
01:06:43,440 --> 01:06:45,587
Or do you want to be learning?
还是你想学习？

1137
01:06:45,599 --> 01:06:47,101
And then it's deeper than that?
然后比这更深刻？

1138
01:06:47,101 --> 01:06:51,767
It's. Do you want to be the the tyrannical King who's already got everything
figured out?
是的 你想成为一个已经想通一切的暴虐国王吗？

1139
01:06:51,780 --> 01:06:58,487
Or do you want to be the continually transforming hero or fool, for that matter,
who's getting better all the time?
或者你想成为一个不断改变的英雄或傻瓜 就此而言 谁一直在变得更好？

1140
01:06:58,500 --> 01:07:00,687
And that's actually a choice.
这实际上是一个选择

1141
01:07:00,687 --> 01:07:02,721
You know, it's a deep choice,
你知道 这是一个深刻的选择

1142
01:07:02,721 --> 01:07:10,793
and it's better to be the self-transforming fool who's humble enough to make
friends with what he or she doesn't know.
最好是一个自我转变的傻瓜 谦虚到可以和他或她不知道的事情交朋友

1143
01:07:10,793 --> 01:07:12,719
And to listen when people talk.
当人们说话时倾听

1144
01:07:12,719 --> 01:07:15,411
And listening is a transformative exercise.
倾听是一种变革性的练习

1145
01:07:15,411 --> 01:07:19,188
Like if if you listen to the people in your life, for example, if you actually
listen to them.
例如 如果你倾听生活中的人 如果你真的倾听他们的话

1146
01:07:19,200 --> 01:07:22,726
They'll tell you what's wrong with them and how to fix it and what they want.
他们会告诉你他们有什么问题 如何解决 他们想要什么

1147
01:07:22,740 --> 01:07:26,807
They can't even help it if you start listening because people are so shocked.
如果你开始倾听 他们甚至情不自禁 因为人们太震惊了

1148
01:07:26,819 --> 01:07:29,355
If you actually listen to them that they they tell you all
如果你真的听他们说 他们会

1149
01:07:29,355 --> 01:07:32,149
those sorts of things that they might not have even intended to,
告诉你各种各样他们甚至可能无意的事情

1150
01:07:32,149 --> 01:07:33,396
things they don't even know.
他们甚至不知道的事情

1151
01:07:33,396 --> 01:07:34,541
And then you can.
然后你可以

1152
01:07:34,541 --> 01:07:36,446
You can work with that.
你可以用它来工作

1153
01:07:36,446 --> 01:07:41,542
And so and the other thing that's so interesting, you know, now and then you have a
meaningful conversation, right?
还有一件非常有趣的事情 你知道 偶尔你会有一个有意义的对话 对吗？

1154
01:07:41,542 --> 01:07:43,295
You don't have a good conversation with someone.
你和某人没有很好的对话

1155
01:07:43,295 --> 01:07:45,161
You walk with, you think, geez, you know what?
你走路时 你会想 天哪 你知道吗？

1156
01:07:45,161 --> 01:07:46,442
We really connect it.
我们真的把它联系起来了

1157
01:07:46,442 --> 01:07:49,416
And I know more than I did when I came away from that conversation.
我知道的比我离开那次谈话时更多

1158
01:07:49,416 --> 01:07:50,907
And during the conversation,
在谈话过程中

1159
01:07:50,907 --> 01:07:56,100
you're really engrossed in it and that that that feeling of being engrossed is a
feeling of meaning,
你真的全神贯注于它 那种全神贯注的感觉是一种有意义的感觉

1160
01:07:56,100 --> 01:08:00,934
and the feeling of meaning is engendered because you're having a transformative
conversation.
意义的感觉是产生的 因为你正在进行一次变革性的对话

1161
01:08:00,934 --> 01:08:06,352
So your brain produces that feeling of meaning for it says, oh yeah, this is
exactly where you should be right here.
所以你的大脑产生了意义的感觉 因为它说 哦 是的 这正是你应该在这里的地方

1162
01:08:06,352 --> 01:08:09,284
And now it's it's the right place and time for you.
现在对你来说 这是正确的地点和时间

1163
01:08:09,284 --> 01:08:11,682
And that's a great place to occupy.
这是一个很好的地方

1164
01:08:11,682 --> 01:08:15,810
And so a good conversation where people are listening has exactly that nature.
所以一个人们倾听的好对话就具有这种性质

1165
01:08:15,810 --> 01:08:19,359
And the reason it has that nature is because it is in fact transformative.
它具有这种性质的原因是因为它实际上是变革性的

1166
01:08:19,359 --> 01:08:22,040
It's one of the truisms of of Clinical Psychology.
这是临床心理学的真理之一

1167
01:08:22,040 --> 01:08:27,050
Like if you're a clinical psychologist, a huge part of what you do is just listen
to people.
就像如果你是临床心理学家 你所做的很大一部分就是倾听人们

1168
01:08:27,060 --> 01:08:33,090
It's like, you know, they come in, they're unhappy, and they'd rather not be
something like that.
就像 你知道 他们进来 他们不开心 他们不想成为那样的人

1169
01:08:33,090 --> 01:08:36,024
You say, well, why do you think you might be unhappy?
你说 嗯 你认为你为什么会不快乐？

1170
01:08:36,024 --> 01:08:36,988
And they don't know?
他们不知道吗？

1171
01:08:36,988 --> 01:08:42,134
They have some ideas and they may have to ramble around for like a year before they
figure out why they're unhappy.
他们有一些想法 他们可能需要漫谈一年才能弄清楚他们不快乐的原因

1172
01:08:42,134 --> 01:08:46,660
They get rid of a bunch of reasons why they thought they were unhappy that are
untrue.
他们摆脱了一堆他们认为自己不快乐的不真实的原因

1173
01:08:46,660 --> 01:08:48,853
And then you kind of get to the heart of the problem.
然后你就进入了问题的核心

1174
01:08:48,853 --> 01:08:54,213
Then you might ask them, well, if you could have what you wanted so that your life
would be okay,
然后你可能会问他们 如果你能得到你想要的 这样你的生活就会好起来

1175
01:08:54,213 --> 01:08:55,691
what would that look like?
那会是什么样子？

1176
01:08:55,691 --> 01:08:59,973
Then they have to ramble around a bunch about that because they don't really know.
然后他们不得不漫谈一堆 因为他们真的不知道

1177
01:08:59,973 --> 01:09:04,089
But the listening will straighten them out because people think by talking.
但是倾听会让他们明白 因为人们通过说话来思考

1178
01:09:04,089 --> 01:09:08,270
And in order to think, you have to have someone to listen because it's very hard to
think.
为了思考 你必须有人倾听 因为很难思考

1179
01:09:08,270 --> 01:09:13,716
Hardly anyone can think, and even the people who can think can only think about a
limited number of things.
几乎没有人会思考 即使是会思考的人也只能思考有限的事情

1180
01:09:13,716 --> 01:09:17,080
But almost everybody can talk and you can listen to yourself talk.
但是几乎每个人都可以说话 你可以听自己说话

1181
01:09:17,080 --> 01:09:22,246
And if someone listens to you, then well, then you also have a foil for your
thoughts, right?
如果有人听你说话 那么你也有一个陪衬你的想法 对吗？

1182
01:09:22,259 --> 01:09:26,081
Because you can watch the person when you're talking and see if you're boring,
因为你可以在说话的时候观察对方 看看你是否无聊

1183
01:09:26,081 --> 01:09:29,469
or see if you're amusing or if you're engrossing all of those things.
或者看看你是否有趣 或者你是否全神贯注于所有这些事情

1184
01:09:29,469 --> 01:09:32,193
And so listening, that's a very good thing.
所以倾听是一件非常好的事情

1185
01:09:32,193 --> 01:09:34,204
I outline a Carl Rogers victim.
我概述了卡尔·罗杰斯的受害者

1186
01:09:34,204 --> 01:09:35,945
He was a famous clinical psychologist.
他是一位著名的临床心理学家

1187
01:09:35,945 --> 01:09:39,047
This is another great little tip, Rogers said.
这是另一个很好的小提示 罗杰斯说

1188
01:09:39,060 --> 01:09:41,424
Here's a trick to tell if you're listening.
这里有一个技巧来判断你是否在听

1189
01:09:41,424 --> 01:09:46,256
So let's say someone lays out their perspective for you, and then what you do is
say, look,
假设有人为你展示了他们的观点 然后你要做的是说 看

1190
01:09:46,256 --> 01:09:47,832
here's what I think you said.
我想你是这么说的

1191
01:09:47,832 --> 01:09:53,008
I think you said this and this and this and this, and then this is that, right?
我想你说了这个和这个 这个和这个 然后是这个 对吗？

1192
01:09:53,008 --> 01:09:54,489
Have I got what you're saying?
我明白你的意思了吗？

1193
01:09:54,489 --> 01:09:58,736
Right? And maybe the person says, God, you haven't been listening at all. and you
know,
对吗？也许那个人说 上帝 你根本没在听 你知道

1194
01:09:58,736 --> 01:10:00,570
then they have to straighten you out.
然后他们必须纠正你

1195
01:10:00,570 --> 01:10:03,239
Or maybe they say, yeah, yeah, you got it.
或者他们说 是的 是的 你明白了

1196
01:10:03,239 --> 01:10:07,969
And then the nice thing about that is that you summarize their argument for them,
然后你总结他们的论点

1197
01:10:07,969 --> 01:10:10,219
which can be very helpful and for you.
这对你很有帮助

1198
01:10:10,219 --> 01:10:13,537
But also you don't get to make the person into a straw man.
但你也不能把这个人变成稻草人

1199
01:10:13,537 --> 01:10:18,852
So like if you're arguing with your wife, let's say, or your husband, big party is
going to want to win.
所以如果你和你的妻子争论 比方说 或者你的丈夫 大派对会想赢

1200
01:10:18,852 --> 01:10:24,501
That's stupid, because if you win, you get to be top Lobster, but they get to be
bottom Lobster.
这很愚蠢 因为如果你赢了 你会成为顶级龙虾 但他们会成为底层龙虾
1201
01:10:24,501 --> 01:10:28,544
And if you want to live with bottom Lobster, then, like, more power to you.
如果你想和底层龙虾一起生活 那么 就像 给你更多的权力

1202
01:10:28,544 --> 01:10:29,890
But I wouldn't recommend it.
但我不推荐它

1203
01:10:29,890 --> 01:10:31,458
Right? Because you don't want that.
对吗？因为你不想那样

1204
01:10:31,458 --> 01:10:34,425
You want to. you want to defeat your wife in an argument.
你想 你想在争论中打败你的妻子

1205
01:10:34,425 --> 01:10:35,270
Oh well, great.
哦 好吧 太好了

1206
01:10:35,270 --> 01:10:38,147
Like if she was going to disappear tomorrow, no problem.
就像如果她明天会消失 没问题

1207
01:10:38,159 --> 01:10:43,427
But like, you're gonna, like, live with defeated, miserable her for the next week.
但是 你会 就像 在接下来的一周里和被打败的她一起生活

1208
01:10:43,440 --> 01:10:44,553
That's no good.
这不好

1209
01:10:44,553 --> 01:10:48,627
So you listen and you think, okay, well, here's here's what you, what I think you
said.
所以你听着 你想 好吧 好吧 这就是你 我想你说的话

1210
01:10:48,627 --> 01:10:54,212
And maybe even make it a little stronger and more elaborated than was the case with
the original utterance,
甚至可能让它比最初的话语更强有力 更详细

1211
01:10:54,212 --> 01:10:56,333
so that you get the damn argument right.
这样你就把该死的论点弄对了

1212
01:10:56,333 --> 01:10:59,267
Because you don't want to win, you want to fix the problem.
因为你不想赢 你想解决问题

1213
01:10:59,280 --> 01:11:01,122
That's the winning.
这就是胜利

1214
01:11:01,122 --> 01:11:04,487
And so the summary with listening is so useful for that.
所以听力的总结非常有用

1215
01:11:04,500 --> 01:11:07,947
Because the person can say, well, yeah, that's what I meant.
因为这个人可以说 嗯 是的 这就是我的意思

1216
01:11:07,947 --> 01:11:10,058
It's like then. Well, then you have to Grapple without.
就像那样 好吧 那你必须抓住没有

1217
01:11:10,058 --> 01:11:13,194
And Roger said, well, people usually won't because you know,
罗杰说 嗯 人们通常不会 因为你知道

1218
01:11:13,194 --> 01:11:16,998
if you live with someone and they tell you the truth about the situation,
如果你和某人住在一起 他们告诉你情况的真相

1219
01:11:16,998 --> 01:11:20,752
it usually means that there's something really stupid that you're doing.
这通常意味着你正在做一些非常愚蠢的事情

1220
01:11:20,752 --> 01:11:21,546
Well, them too,
嗯 他们也是

1221
01:11:21,546 --> 01:11:26,813
but there's something stupid that you're doing that you know you're doing that you
actually have to stop,
但是有些你正在做的愚蠢的事情 你知道你正在做 你实际上必须停止

1222
01:11:26,813 --> 01:11:29,000
and you know that's difficult and unlikely.
你知道这很难 也不太可能

1223
01:11:29,000 --> 01:11:30,412
But well, if you don't stop,
但是 如果你不停下来
1224
01:11:30,412 --> 01:11:34,992
then you get to have the same damn problem every day or every week for the rest of
your life,
然后你会在余生的每一天或每周都有同样该死的问题

1225
01:11:34,992 --> 01:11:39,621
so it's probably better to undergo the misery of stopping it than the misery of
continuing it.
所以经历阻止它的痛苦可能比继续它的痛苦要好

1226
01:11:39,621 --> 01:11:43,400
But that's the injunction to listen.
但这是倾听的禁令

1227
01:11:43,980 --> 01:11:49,261
Rule 11 is don't bother children when they're skateboarding.
规则 11 是孩子们玩滑板时不要打扰他们

1228
01:11:49,261 --> 01:11:55,250
And that's a meditation on the difference between weakness and goodness.
这是对弱点和善良之间区别的沉思

1229
01:11:55,260 --> 01:12:01,938
You see, one of the things that's happened in our society, and especially with
regards to our attitude towards men,
你看 我们社会中发生的一件事 尤其是关于我们对男人的态度

1230
01:12:01,938 --> 01:12:05,163
but also our attitude towards the masculinity in women.
还有我们对女人阳刚之气的态度

1231
01:12:05,163 --> 01:12:10,543
So it's just as toxic for women is that we seem to have concluded that strong men
are dangerous,
所以对女人来说同样有害的是 我们似乎已经得出结论 强壮的男人是危险的

1232
01:12:10,543 --> 01:12:14,925
and that's partly because we think Western culture is a tyrannical patriarchy,
这部分是因为我们认为西方文化是专制的父权制

1233
01:12:14,925 --> 01:12:18,697
and the only reason you get to the top is because you misuse power,
你到达顶端的唯一原因是因为你滥用权力

1234
01:12:18,697 --> 01:12:24,744
and so all the men who are at the top of the heart are all misusing their power,
and they're all tyrannical,
所以所有处于内心顶端的人都在滥用他们的权力 他们都是暴君

1235
01:12:24,744 --> 01:12:29,903
and all the guys who have the AIM and ambition to achieve that are just tyrants in
training.
所有有目标和野心去实现的人都只是训练中的暴君

1236
01:12:29,903 --> 01:12:35,452
And that's sort of the basic attitude that we have towards our own culture and
towards young men now.
这就是我们现在对自己文化和年轻人的基本态度

1237
01:12:35,452 --> 01:12:43,311
And that's just there's everything about that is pathological and inexcusable and
shameful.
这一切都是病态的、不可原谅的和可耻的

1238
01:12:43,311 --> 01:12:50,437
I mean, first, the claim that Western culture [Applause],
我是说 首先 声称西方文化[掌声]

1239
01:12:50,437 --> 01:13:01,986
the idea that Western culture is primarily a patriarchal tyranny is like, well,
first of all,
西方文化主要是父权制暴政的想法就像 嗯 首先

1240
01:13:01,986 --> 01:13:07,761
it's it's historically ignorant beyond belief.
这是历史上难以置信的无知

1241
01:13:07,761 --> 01:13:10,002
Because what do you compared to what?
因为你把什么比作什么？

1242
01:13:10,002 --> 01:13:10,900
Exactly? Like?
确切地？比如？

1243
01:13:10,900 --> 01:13:13,908
How many civilized countries are there in the world?
世界上有多少文明国家？

1244
01:13:13,920 --> 01:13:19,420
You know, three dozen, the rest of them are run by brutal thugs, right?
你知道 三十多个 其余的都是由残忍的暴徒管理的 对吗？

1245
01:13:19,420 --> 01:13:25,342
And it isn't just thugs at the top, man, because that isn't how it works in a
country that's corrupt.
不仅仅是高层暴徒 伙计 因为在一个腐败的国家里 这不是它的运作方式

1246
01:13:25,342 --> 01:13:27,830
The corruption is spread through the entire country.
腐败在整个国家蔓延

1247
01:13:27,840 --> 01:13:29,917
So and we're not like that.
所以我们不是那样的

1248
01:13:29,917 --> 01:13:31,267
And that's that.
就是这样

1249
01:13:31,267 --> 01:13:34,227
I mean, Western culture is fundamentally honest,
我是说 西方文化基本上是诚实的

1250
01:13:34,227 --> 01:13:38,758
and I can give you an example of that because people don't like that idea.
我可以给你举个例子 因为人们不喜欢这个想法

1251
01:13:38,758 --> 01:13:42,229
EBay proved that because here, here, it did it did.
易趣证明了这一点 因为在这里 在这里 它做到了

1252
01:13:42,229 --> 01:13:46,979
It was a very interesting thing, because when eBay first popped up, like the cynic
would say,
这是一件非常有趣的事情 因为当易趣第一次出现时 就像愤世嫉俗者会说的

1253
01:13:46,979 --> 01:13:49,607
eBay is not going to work because I don't know you.
易趣不会工作 因为我不认识你

1254
01:13:49,607 --> 01:13:51,533
You live in the other side of the country.
你住在这个国家的另一边

1255
01:13:51,533 --> 01:13:57,997
You're going to send me junk and I'm going to send you a check that bounces and
that'll be the end of eBay.
你要给我寄垃圾 我要给你寄一张跳票支票 这将是易趣的末日

1256
01:13:57,997 --> 01:13:58,848
Right?
对吗？
1257
01:13:58,860 --> 01:14:01,036
Right. That's what a cynic would say.
对 愤世嫉俗的人会这么说

1258
01:14:01,036 --> 01:14:04,625
And then what happened was that Brokers popped up and they said, well, look,
然后经纪人突然出现 他们说 好吧 看

1259
01:14:04,625 --> 01:14:06,816
we'll guarantee The Exchange rights for a fee.
我们将保证交易所的权利 但要收费

1260
01:14:06,816 --> 01:14:11,012
10 will make sure that you don't send junk and we'll make sure your check doesn't
bounce.
10 英镑将确保你不会发送垃圾邮件 我们将确保你的支票不会被退回

1261
01:14:11,012 --> 01:14:14,697
And what happened was the Brokers couldn't find enough
发生的事情是经纪人找不到

1262
01:14:14,697 --> 01:14:19,456
business and the reason for that was all the transactions were honest,
足够的生意 原因是所有的交易都是诚实的

1263
01:14:19,456 --> 01:14:20,328
all of them.
所有人

1264
01:14:20,340 --> 01:14:21,472
You know, it's like 19.
你知道 大概是 19 英镑

1265
01:14:21,472 --> 01:14:26,516
If you were on eBay and you have a reputation of less than 99, there's actually
something wrong with you.
如果你在易趣上 你的声誉不到 99 英镑 你实际上有问题

1266
01:14:26,516 --> 01:14:27,950
You know? Okay, 98.
你知道吗？好吧 98 英镑

1267
01:14:27,950 --> 01:14:29,605
But really, it's that.
但实际上 就是这样

1268
01:14:29,605 --> 01:14:30,764
It's that tight.
有那么紧

1269
01:14:30,764 --> 01:14:35,276
And so the default position was, you're offering this, I'll buy it.
所以默认的立场是 你提供这个 我就买

1270
01:14:35,276 --> 01:14:36,890
We'll make the exchange fairly.
我们会公平地交换

1271
01:14:36,890 --> 01:14:40,137
And what happened was a bunch of capital that was frozen.
发生的是一堆被冻结的资本

1272
01:14:40,137 --> 01:14:44,278
Technically speaking, junk that people had that other people could need got freed
up.
从技术上讲 人们拥有的其他人可能需要的垃圾被释放了

1273
01:14:44,278 --> 01:14:47,327
And eBay freed up a tremendous amount of money for people.
易趣为人们释放了大量的钱

1274
01:14:47,340 --> 01:14:50,193
And it was all a consequence of default honesty.
这都是默认诚实的结果

1275
01:14:50,193 --> 01:14:54,852
We also know that one of the best predictors of success in Western world is
conscientiousness,
我们也知道 在西方世界 成功的最佳预测因素之一是责任心

1276
01:14:54,852 --> 01:14:59,954
and conscientious people are honest and have integrity and are dutiful and do what
they say they'll do.
责任心强的人诚实正直 尽职尽责 说到做到

1277
01:14:59,954 --> 01:15:03,702
And that's a really good predictor of long-term life success,
这是长期生活成功的一个非常好的预测因素

1278
01:15:03,702 --> 01:15:07,693
especially as a manager and administrator or something like that.
尤其是作为经理和管理者之类的人

1279
01:15:07,693 --> 01:15:13,333
So also chapter 11 is a discussion about the assault on the on the positive
masculine,
所以第 11 章也是关于攻击积极男性的讨论

1280
01:15:13,333 --> 01:15:20,531
and I read it partly as a continuation of what Nietzsche announced back in the late
1800s as the death of God.
我读它的部分原因是尼采在 19 世纪末宣布的上帝之死的延续

1281
01:15:20,531 --> 01:15:24,127
Right? Because in Western culture, God was a masculine figure,
对吗？因为在西方文化中 上帝是一个男性形象

1282
01:15:24,127 --> 01:15:30,178
and the idea that the Divine masculine had been decimated, which was basically
Nietzsche's pronouncement,
神圣的男性形象已经被摧毁的想法 基本上是尼采的宣言

1283
01:15:30,178 --> 01:15:36,287
has filtered all the way down to masculinity itself, and I think that's an
absolutely a appalling outcome.
一直渗透到男性气质本身 我认为这绝对是一个骇人听闻的结果

1284
01:15:36,300 --> 01:15:41,856
It's. It's it's something that could only be desired by someone who is a true enemy
of humanity.
这是 这是只有人类真正的敌人才会想要的东西

1285
01:15:41,856 --> 01:15:45,566
And so partly chapter 11 is a call to encouragement.
所以第 11 章部分是对鼓励的呼吁

1286
01:15:45,566 --> 01:15:52,036
It's like you want and I've been telling young men in particular, but young women
as well, though,
就像你想要的 我一直特别告诉年轻人 但年轻女性也是如此

1287
01:15:52,036 --> 01:15:58,375
they don't seem to be quite as in need of the message um to adopt responsibility
for their life,
他们似乎不太需要信息 嗯 对他们的生活承担责任

1288
01:15:58,375 --> 01:16:03,538
to tell the truth and to understand that their failure to participate fully in
说实话 并理解他们未能充分参与存在会

1289
01:16:03,538 --> 01:16:09,224
being leaves a hole that's precisely the size of their soul in the cultural
landscape.
在文化景观中留下一个正好是他们灵魂大小的洞

1290
01:16:09,224 --> 01:16:10,459
It's no joke.
这不是开玩笑

1291
01:16:10,459 --> 01:16:16,265
We need all the light we can possibly bring to bear on the situation.
我们需要所有我们能带来的光来影响这种情况

1292
01:16:16,265 --> 01:16:20,932
And well, and I firmly believe that, and I believe that for all sorts of reasons,
嗯 我坚信这一点 出于各种原因

1293
01:16:20,932 --> 01:16:23,266
and I think there are very deep reasons.
我认为有非常深刻的原因

1294
01:16:23,280 --> 01:16:26,325
Um and that's partly why I would say rules to life also has.
嗯 这就是为什么我要说生活的规则也有

1295
01:16:26,325 --> 01:16:33,137
It's a funny book because it has a very religious core, but it's also very heavily
grounded in evolutionary biology.
这是一本有趣的书 因为它有一个非常宗教的核心 但它也非常基于进化生物学

1296
01:16:33,137 --> 01:16:39,167
So um but that's what chapter 11 is about, and it's about people who are the enemy
of the human Spirit,
所以嗯 但这就是第 11 章的内容 它是关于人类精神的敌人

1297
01:16:39,167 --> 01:16:45,197
the people who restrict children's play, for example, which is a particularly
pathological thing to do.
例如 限制儿童玩耍的人 这是一件特别病态的事情

1298
01:16:45,197 --> 01:16:48,220
There's a movement now to not let children have best friends.
现在有一场运动不让孩子有最好的朋友

1299
01:16:48,220 --> 01:16:51,103
It's like, really, what the hell, man?
就像 真的 搞什么鬼 伙计？

1300
01:16:51,103 --> 01:16:51,946
That's so.
就是这样
1301
01:16:51,960 --> 01:16:52,306
Yeah,
是的

1302
01:16:52,306 --> 01:16:59,001
there are so many things wrong with that idea that would take an entire another
lecture just to scrape the surface.
这个想法有很多错误 需要再上一堂课才能触及表面

1303
01:16:59,001 --> 01:17:05,328
But mostly it's just I. I would not even start on that.
但主要是我 我甚至不会开始

1304
01:17:05,340 --> 01:17:09,410
Um final rule.
嗯 最后一条规则

1305
01:17:09,420 --> 01:17:12,169
It's called pet a cat when you encounter one on the street.
当你在街上遇到一只猫时 它被称为抚摸一只猫

1306
01:17:12,169 --> 01:17:13,245
And it's it's a very.
这是一个非常

1307
01:17:13,260 --> 01:17:16,260
It's the most personal chapter in the book.
这是书中最个人化的章节

1308
01:17:16,260 --> 01:17:21,664
It's a lot about my daughter, and my daughter was very ill when she was well, when
she was a kid.
很多都是关于我女儿的 我女儿健康的时候病得很重 当她还是个孩子的时候

1309
01:17:21,664 --> 01:17:26,301
But well, particularly when she was a teenager, she had a very terrible time of it.
但是 尤其是当她十几岁的时候 她度过了一段非常糟糕的时光

1310
01:17:26,301 --> 01:17:32,698
She had juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and when she was between the ages of 14 and
16, it first destroyed her hip,
她患有幼年型类风湿性关节炎 当她 14 到 16 岁的时候 它首先摧毁了她的臀部

1311
01:17:32,698 --> 01:17:38,373
which had to be replaced, and then it destroyed the ankle on her other leg, which
had to be replaced.
必须更换 然后它摧毁了她另一条腿的脚踝 必须更换
1312
01:17:38,373 --> 01:17:41,550
And she walked around for two years on broken legs.
她断腿走了两年

1313
01:17:41,550 --> 01:17:45,885
And she was taking massive doses of opiates and could hardly stay awake.
她服用了大量鸦片制剂 几乎无法保持清醒

1314
01:17:45,885 --> 01:17:48,595
And like. And she had this Advanced autoimmune disease,
就像 她患有晚期自身免疫性疾病

1315
01:17:48,595 --> 01:17:53,047
which produced all sorts of other symptoms that were just as bad as the joint
degeneration,
它产生了各种其他症状 和关节退化一样严重

1316
01:17:53,047 --> 01:17:54,693
but which are harder to describe.
但更难描述

1317
01:17:54,693 --> 01:17:57,437
And so it's just bloody brutal, you know?
所以这太残忍了 你知道吗？

1318
01:17:57,437 --> 01:17:59,354
And as a test of your faith,
作为对你信仰的考验

1319
01:17:59,354 --> 01:18:05,900
there's almost nothing that's more direct than a serious illness inflicted upon an
innocent child.
几乎没有什么比一个无辜的孩子遭受重病更直接的了

1320
01:18:05,900 --> 01:18:12,525
Right? And so the chapters of meditation on that and also on well, what to do in a
situation like that?
对吗？所以冥想的章节是关于这个的 还有在这种情况下该怎么做？

1321
01:18:12,540 --> 01:18:16,285
Because everyone is going to have a situation like that in some sense, you know,
因为在某种意义上 每个人都会有这样的情况 你知道

1322
01:18:16,285 --> 01:18:20,124
because you're being faced with illness in the people that you love and in crisis.
因为你正面临着你爱的人的疾病和危机
1323
01:18:20,124 --> 01:18:24,035
And so it's a just it's a practical guide to coping with those sorts of things.
所以这是一个应对这些事情的实用指南

1324
01:18:24,035 --> 01:18:29,327
Like and one of the things you do when you're overwhelmed by crisis is you shorten
your time frame.
当你被危机淹没时 你会做的一件事就是缩短你的时间框架

1325
01:18:29,340 --> 01:18:32,101
You know, it's like you can't think about next month.
你知道 就像你不能考虑下个月

1326
01:18:32,101 --> 01:18:35,979
Maybe you can't even bloody well think about next week, or maybe not even tomorrow.
也许你甚至不能很好地考虑下周 或者甚至不能考虑明天

1327
01:18:35,979 --> 01:18:40,316
You know, because now is just so overwhelming that that's all there is.
你知道 因为现在太压倒性了 这就是全部

1328
01:18:40,316 --> 01:18:41,793
It's like and that's what you do.
就像 这就是你所做的

1329
01:18:41,793 --> 01:18:45,065
You cut your time frame back until you can cope with it.
你削减你的时间框架 直到你能应付它

1330
01:18:45,065 --> 01:18:49,104
And if it's not the next week that you see how to get through, then it's the next
day.
如果不是下周 你就知道如何度过 那就是第二天

1331
01:18:49,104 --> 01:18:51,550
And if it's not the next day, then it's the next hour.
如果不是第二天 那就是下一个小时

1332
01:18:51,550 --> 01:18:55,608
And if it's not the next hour, then it's the next minute.
如果不是下一个小时 那就是下一分钟

1333
01:18:55,620 --> 01:18:59,780
And you know, people are very, very, very, very, very, very tough.
你知道 人们非常 非常 非常 非常 非常 非常 非常坚强

1334
01:18:59,780 --> 01:19:02,405
And it turns out that if you face things,
事实证明 如果你面对一些事情

1335
01:19:02,405 --> 01:19:09,220
it turns out that if you face things that you can put up with a lot more than you
think you can put up with,
事实证明 如果你面对一些事情 你可以忍受的比你想象的要多得多

1336
01:19:09,220 --> 01:19:12,097
and you can do it without becoming corrupted.
你可以在不腐败的情况下做到这一点

1337
01:19:12,097 --> 01:19:17,085
And she did recover quite, quite fully and much as a consequence of our own
machinations,
她确实完全康复了 这在很大程度上是我们自己阴谋的结果

1338
01:19:17,085 --> 01:19:22,240
because she figured out what was wrong with her and then took the necessary steps
to fix it,
因为她发现了自己的问题所在 然后采取了必要的措施来解决它

1339
01:19:22,240 --> 01:19:26,010
which is nothing short of a bloody Miracle as far as I'm concerned.
就我而言 这简直就是一个血腥的奇迹

1340
01:19:26,010 --> 01:19:27,192
And, uh, anyways,
嗯 不管怎样

1341
01:19:27,192 --> 01:19:34,354
part of the the the cat bit is I actually start by talking about our dog who
actually died about a year ago,
猫咬的一部分是我实际上从谈论我们的狗开始 它实际上大约一年前就死了

1342
01:19:34,354 --> 01:19:36,588
but he's still alive in the book.
但它在书中还活着

1343
01:19:36,600 --> 01:19:40,760
Um, I, you know, I let people know, because dog lovers love dogs, and if you love
cats,
嗯 我 你知道 我让人们知道 因为爱狗人士喜欢狗 如果你喜欢猫

1344
01:19:40,760 --> 01:19:44,685
then they think you don't like dogs, and then they, you know, they don't like you.
然后他们认为你不喜欢狗 然后他们 你知道 他们不喜欢你

1345
01:19:44,699 --> 01:19:49,674
So I also pointed out at the beginning of the chapter that you know, if you want to
pet a dog on the street,
所以我在这一章的开头也指出 如果你想在街上抚摸一只狗

1346
01:19:49,674 --> 01:19:50,450
that's okay too.
那也没关系

1347
01:19:50,450 --> 01:19:52,729
So you don't have to get up in arms about it.
所以你不必为此大动干戈

1348
01:19:52,729 --> 01:19:57,492
But but the idea is that, you know, you have to be alert when you're suffering.
但是我们的想法是 你知道 当你受苦的时候 你必须保持警惕

1349
01:19:57,492 --> 01:20:02,076
You have to be alert to the beauty in life, the unexpected Beauty in life.
你必须对生活中的美保持警惕 生活中意想不到的美

1350
01:20:02,076 --> 01:20:04,953
And that's kind of what I was trying to get across with the idea of the cat.
这就是我试图用猫的想法来传达的

1351
01:20:04,953 --> 01:20:07,545
There's this cat that lives across the street from us called ginger.
有一只猫住在我们街对面 叫做金吉尔

1352
01:20:07,560 --> 01:20:09,204
And Ginger is a Siamese cat.
金吉尔是一只暹罗猫

1353
01:20:09,204 --> 01:20:10,761
And cats really aren't domesticated.
猫真的没有被驯化

1354
01:20:10,761 --> 01:20:15,052
They, technically speaking, they're still wild animals, but they kind of like
people.
从技术上讲 它们仍然是野生动物 但它们有点像人

1355
01:20:15,052 --> 01:20:17,475
God only knows why, but they do, you know?
上帝只知道为什么 但它们确实喜欢 你知道吗？

1356
01:20:17,475 --> 01:20:23,692
And so Ginger will come wandering over and our dog looks at her, but they're
friends and she rolls over on his back.
所以金吉尔会走过来 我们的狗看着她 但他们是朋友 她会在他背上打滚

1357
01:20:23,692 --> 01:20:25,664
And Seco used to, you know, nose her a bit,
塞科过去常常 你知道 用鼻子嗅她

1358
01:20:25,664 --> 01:20:29,967
and and then she kind of mows you over and let you pet her if she was feeling like
it that day.
然后她会把你割掉 让你抚摸她 如果她那天喜欢的话

1359
01:20:29,967 --> 01:20:37,415
And, you know, you have to look for those little bit of that little bit of
sparkling crystal in the darkness.
你知道 你必须在黑暗中寻找那一点点闪闪发光的水晶

1360
01:20:37,415 --> 01:20:38,493
When things are bad,
当事情糟糕的时候

1361
01:20:38,493 --> 01:20:44,194
you have to look and see where things are still beautiful and where there's still
something that's sustaining.
你必须看看哪里仍然美丽 哪里仍然有东西在支撑

1362
01:20:44,194 --> 01:20:48,774
And you know, you narrow your time frame and you'd be grateful for what you have.
你知道 你缩小了你的时间框架 你会感激你所拥有的

1363
01:20:48,774 --> 01:20:55,123
And that can get you through some very dark times, and maybe even successfully, if
you're lucky.
这可以让你度过一些非常黑暗的时期 如果你幸运的话 甚至可能成功

1364
01:20:55,123 --> 01:21:00,709
But even if unsuccessfully, then maybe it's only tragic and not absolute hell.
但即使不成功 那也可能只是悲剧 而不是绝对的地狱

1365
01:21:00,719 --> 01:21:01,903
And you can do that.
你可以做到这一点

1366
01:21:01,903 --> 01:21:06,498
You know, in the worst situation, you can make it only tragic and not hell.
你知道 在最坏的情况下 你可以让它只是悲剧 而不是地狱

1367
01:21:06,498 --> 01:21:09,442
And there's a big gap between tragedy and hell.
悲剧和地狱之间有很大的差距

1368
01:21:09,442 --> 01:21:15,048
You know, there's nothing worse at a deathbed than to see the people there
fighting.
你知道 临终前没有什么比看到那里的人打架更糟糕的了

1369
01:21:15,060 --> 01:21:16,449
The death is bad enough,
死亡已经够糟糕的了

1370
01:21:16,449 --> 01:21:22,006
but you can take that as terrible as it is and make it into something that's
absolutely unbearable.
但是你可以把它看得很糟糕 让它变得绝对无法忍受

1371
01:21:22,006 --> 01:21:23,120
And maybe, I think.
也许 我想

1372
01:21:23,120 --> 01:21:26,942
And this is sort of what I close the book with is this idea is that if
这就是我在结束这本书时所说的

1373
01:21:26,942 --> 01:21:30,818
we didn't all attempt to make Terrible Things even worse than they are,
如果我们不都试图让可怕的事情变得更糟

1374
01:21:30,818 --> 01:21:35,987
then maybe we could tolerate the terrible things that we have to put up with in
order to exist.
那么也许我们可以容忍我们为了生存而必须忍受的可怕事情

1375
01:21:36,000 --> 01:21:38,706
And maybe we could make the world into a better place.
也许我们可以让世界变得更美好

1376
01:21:38,706 --> 01:21:43,075
You know, and it's what we should be doing and what we could be doing, because we
don't have anything better to do.
你知道 这是我们应该做的 也是我们可以做的 因为我们没有更好的事情可做

1377
01:21:43,075 --> 01:21:46,273
And that's what the book is about.
这就是这本书的内容

1378
01:21:46,273 --> 01:21:50,927
And that's the end of 12 rules for life.
这就是生活 12 条规则的结尾

1379
01:21:50,940 --> 01:21:53,579
Thank you.
谢谢你

1380
01:21:53,590 --> 01:22:14,020
[Applause] [Music] [Applause]
[掌声][音乐][掌声]

1381
01:22:30,900 --> 01:22:33,168
well, we've overrun joyously.
嗯 我们快乐地超越了

1382
01:22:33,168 --> 01:22:39,577
And normally I would have, uh, sort of cut the talk or done something so we can
have questions,
通常我会 呃 中断演讲或者做些什么 这样我们就可以提问了

1383
01:22:39,577 --> 01:22:42,649
but I really didn't think it was appropriate.
但是我真的不认为这是合适的

1384
01:22:42,659 --> 01:22:45,945
Um, this evening's talk was absolutely luminous and inspiring.
嗯 今晚的演讲绝对是明亮和鼓舞人心的

1385
01:22:45,945 --> 01:22:49,885
But so I'm going to do one question, one question only.
但是我要做一个问题 只有一个问题

1386
01:22:49,885 --> 01:22:55,435
And um and I'm going to leave Jordan to actually decide what's the question he's
going to ask.
嗯 我要离开乔丹去决定他要问什么问题

1387
01:22:55,435 --> 01:22:57,944
So I'm going to take three from the audience.
所以我要从观众中拿三个

1388
01:22:57,944 --> 01:23:02,810
I'm going to read out three of that have come from the live stream.
我要读出其中三个来自直播间

1389
01:23:02,820 --> 01:23:10,548
Um one from the live stream is how do you challenge the identity politics of today?
嗯 直播间的一个是你如何挑战今天的身份政治？
1390
01:23:10,560 --> 01:23:16,556
The second is a more personal one, is where do you fall short yourself in these 12
rules?
第二个是更私人的问题 你在这 12 条规则中有什么不足？

1391
01:23:16,556 --> 01:23:18,689
And is it a constant adjustment?
这是一个持续的调整吗？

1392
01:23:18,689 --> 01:23:23,517
And now let me take three questions from the audience and I'll leave
现在让我回答观众的三个问题 然后

1393
01:23:23,517 --> 01:23:28,486
Jordan to then decide which is the last question that he wants to ask.
我会让乔丹决定他想问的最后一个问题

1394
01:23:28,500 --> 01:23:33,367
So first hand there.
所以第一手资料

1395
01:23:33,380 --> 01:23:36,820
First of all, it's an honor to be at your lecturer.
首先 很荣幸能来到你的讲师身边

1396
01:23:36,820 --> 01:23:43,175
And the question is, I wanted to ask, like, for example, some people, like, for
example,
问题是 我想问 比如 有些人 比如

1397
01:23:43,175 --> 01:23:47,174
Stefan molyneux who interviewed you, uh, puts, I think,
采访你的斯特凡·莫利纽克斯 呃 我想

1398
01:23:47,174 --> 01:23:52,886
tremendous um attention to admitting thoughts of parents and admitting the harm
非常注意承认父母的想法 承认在

1399
01:23:52,886 --> 01:23:59,028
that was done when getting better and working through adversive childhood
experience.
变得更好和经历广告童年经历时造成的伤害

1400
01:23:59,040 --> 01:24:03,529
And I wanted to ask you about about that and what you think about that.
我想问你对此有什么看法 你对此有什么看法
1401
01:24:03,540 --> 01:24:09,589
And then if you take the young lady just here, we need, uh, sorry.
如果你带这位年轻女士去 我们需要 呃 抱歉

1402
01:24:09,600 --> 01:24:12,077
My question is about chapter nine,
我的问题是关于第九章

1403
01:24:12,077 --> 01:24:18,165
about being humble and listening to what your enemies are saying and criticizing
you.
关于谦虚 倾听你的敌人在说什么和批评你

1404
01:24:18,179 --> 01:24:23,780
Um, I'm a kind of person who kind of speak, speak my thoughts.
嗯 我是那种会说话的人 说出我的想法

1405
01:24:23,780 --> 01:24:30,609
So I I speak them to my friends and see how they bounce at them.
所以我和我的朋友说 看看他们是如何对他们反弹的

1406
01:24:30,620 --> 01:24:35,788
So I noticed that there's always a group of of my friends who
所以我注意到总有一群朋友总是

1407
01:24:35,788 --> 01:24:41,957
always criticize what I'm saying and not even try to understand what I'm,
批评我说的话 甚至没有试图理解我是什么

1408
01:24:41,957 --> 01:24:43,875
where I'm coming from.
我来自哪里

1409
01:24:43,875 --> 01:24:47,875
And um I've I've always wondered how to deal with that.
嗯 我一直想知道如何处理这个问题

1410
01:24:47,875 --> 01:24:53,327
I mean, I want to listen to what they're saying, but um they're not understanding
what I'm.
我是说 我想听听他们在说什么 但是嗯 他们不明白我在说什么

1411
01:24:53,340 --> 01:24:55,710
They're not trying to listen to what I'm saying.
他们没有试图听我在说什么

1412
01:24:55,710 --> 01:24:57,356
So what would you do in that situation?
在这种情况下你会怎么做？

1413
01:24:57,356 --> 01:24:59,329
Can you answer that very briefly?
你能简单地回答一下吗？

1414
01:24:59,329 --> 01:25:03,528
Okay, there's a line in the New Testament that's relevant to that.
好吧 新约中有一句话与此相关

1415
01:25:03,540 --> 01:25:07,247
Do not cast Pearls Before Swine.
不要在猪面前扔珍珠

1416
01:25:07,260 --> 01:25:13,068
And what that means is that if people are not listening to you, stop talking to
them.
这意味着如果人们不听你的 停止和他们说话

1417
01:25:13,080 --> 01:25:14,005
And that's really.
这真的

1418
01:25:14,005 --> 01:25:16,164
That is the best piece of advice that I can give you.
这是我能给你的最好的建议

1419
01:25:16,164 --> 01:25:22,803
And what happens is that if you stop talking to people who aren't listening to you
and start watching them instead,
如果你不再和不听你说话的人说话 而是开始观察他们

1420
01:25:22,803 --> 01:25:27,782
they will tell you what they're up to. but so if you have things to say, you say
them,
他们会告诉你他们在做什么 但是如果你有话要说 你就说出来

1421
01:25:27,782 --> 01:25:30,759
but you find people that will listen, talk to them.
但是你会找到愿意倾听的人 和他们交谈

1422
01:25:30,759 --> 01:25:32,732
The ones who aren't listening.
那些没在听的人

1423
01:25:32,732 --> 01:25:33,294
Pull back.
退后

1424
01:25:33,294 --> 01:25:39,226
Because you're you're devaluing what you have to say by offering it to an audience
that does nothing but reject it.
因为你把你要说的话提供给一个除了拒绝什么都不做的观众 这是在贬低你要说的话

1425
01:25:39,239 --> 01:25:42,343
And that's a good guideline to life in general.
这是一个很好的生活指南

1426
01:25:42,343 --> 01:25:43,638
So pull back.
所以退后

1427
01:25:43,638 --> 01:25:51,590
Yeah, and our last question, um is, gentlemen, over there with the in blue.
是的 我们的最后一个问题 嗯 先生们 在那边穿蓝色的

1428
01:25:51,600 --> 01:25:53,157
Thank you, Dr. Peterson.
谢谢你 彼得森博士

1429
01:25:53,157 --> 01:25:58,957
Uh, it brought small to my face when you mentioned the work of John Taylor Gatto,
and I just wanted to know, uh,
呃 当你提到约翰·泰勒·加托的作品时 我很惊讶 我只是想知道 呃

1430
01:25:58,957 --> 01:26:03,320
what you think the relationship is between the classic Trivium and the Holy
Trinity.
你认为经典的三位一体和神圣的三位一体之间的关系是什么

1431
01:26:03,320 --> 01:26:07,336
And if there is, how has that changed over time?
如果有 随着时间的推移 这是如何改变的？

1432
01:26:09,380 --> 01:26:11,449
And then?
然后呢？

1433
01:26:11,460 --> 01:26:15,722
Okay, okay, and then you're going to be back on stage.
好吧 好吧 然后你会回到舞台上

1434
01:26:15,722 --> 01:26:17,125
Uh, dedicating.
呃 奉献
1435
01:26:17,125 --> 01:26:22,219
Yes, yes, I think I'm going to answer, where do you fall?
是的 是的 我想我会回答 你在哪里跌倒？

1436
01:26:23,340 --> 01:26:24,654
Adjustment.
调整

1437
01:26:24,654 --> 01:26:29,268
You know, um, like I wrote these rules.
你知道 嗯 就像我写了这些规则

1438
01:26:29,280 --> 01:26:31,931
Why did I write these rules?
我为什么要写这些规则？

1439
01:26:31,931 --> 01:26:34,362
Well, you know, and especially when I said, well,
嗯 你知道 尤其是当我说 嗯

1440
01:26:34,362 --> 01:26:37,766
you should try to improve yourself instead of trying to set the world
你应该努力提高自己 而不是试图

1441
01:26:37,766 --> 01:26:41,316
straight or instead of worrying about what other people are doing wrong.
纠正世界 或者担心别人做错了什么

1442
01:26:41,316 --> 01:26:45,255
You may say, well, that's a hell of a thing for someone to say who just wrote a
book called 12 rules for life.
你可能会说 嗯 对于一个刚刚写了一本名为《生活 12 条规则》的书的人来说 这是一件可怕的事情

1443
01:26:45,255 --> 01:26:51,287
It's like, you know, but the thing is, is that I wasn't just writing that.
就像 你知道 但问题是 我不仅仅是在写这些

1444
01:26:51,300 --> 01:26:54,211
I was writing that for me as much as for anyone else.
我写这篇文章是为了我也是为了其他人

1445
01:26:54,211 --> 01:26:57,027
And I mean, that's, I really mean that sincerely.
我是说 那是 我真的是真心的

1446
01:26:57,027 --> 01:26:57,613
You know,
你知道

1447
01:26:57,613 --> 01:27:01,837
I had an opportunity to spend somewhere around five years meditating on
我有一个机会花了大约五年的时间思考你

1448
01:27:01,837 --> 01:27:06,004
how you should conduct yourself so that your life is what it could be.
应该如何表现自己 这样你的生活才会成为可能

1449
01:27:06,004 --> 01:27:08,887
And like, I'm in the group of people that I'm advising.
就像 我是我建议的那群人之一

1450
01:27:08,887 --> 01:27:09,968
And you know what I mean?
你明白我的意思吗？

1451
01:27:09,968 --> 01:27:14,241
It's like all of these things are very difficult to stand up straight, to remember
that,
好像所有这些事情都很难站直 记住这一点

1452
01:27:14,241 --> 01:27:19,428
and to treat yourself like you're someone worthwhile, and to make friends with
people who are good for you.
把自己当成一个有价值的人 和对你有好处的人交朋友

1453
01:27:19,440 --> 01:27:22,391
And and and to tell the truth, or at least not to lie.
说实话 或者至少不撒谎

1454
01:27:22,391 --> 01:27:24,146
I mean, these are all ideals, right?
我是说 这些都是理想 对吧？

1455
01:27:24,146 --> 01:27:27,526
That, especially taken as a whole, they constitute a kind of Ideal.
尤其是作为一个整体 它们构成了一种理想

1456
01:27:27,540 --> 01:27:31,191
And you never, you never, you never attain the ideal.
你从来没有 你从来没有 你从来没有达到理想

1457
01:27:31,191 --> 01:27:34,219
The. And not only that, it recedes as you approach it.
不仅如此 当你接近它时 它会消退
1458
01:27:34,219 --> 01:27:36,189
Right? Because you straighten yourself out.
对吗？因为你让自己变得更直

1459
01:27:36,189 --> 01:27:37,253
You think, well, I've got it now.
你想 嗯 我现在明白了

1460
01:27:37,253 --> 01:27:40,146
And you're thinking, oh, wait a minute, there's more to go, there's still more to
go.
你在想 哦 等一下 还有更多 还有更多

1461
01:27:40,146 --> 01:27:42,194
And then you get that much farther along the line.
然后你沿着这条线走得更远

1462
01:27:42,194 --> 01:27:45,312
You think, oh yeah, I thought this was the end of the road.
你想 哦 是的 我以为这是路的尽头

1463
01:27:45,312 --> 01:27:49,868
It's like, no, there's plenty of imperfections left to iron out.
就像 不 还有很多不完美需要消除

1464
01:27:49,868 --> 01:27:52,166
And so it is a constant adjustment.
所以这是一个不断的调整

1465
01:27:52,166 --> 01:27:55,620
And but there's something about that that's also positive,
但这也有积极的一面

1466
01:27:55,620 --> 01:28:01,008
because you might say that it's not so much that there isn't such a thing as a good
person.
因为你可能会说 与其说没有好人 不如说没有好人

1467
01:28:01,020 --> 01:28:08,971
It's that our idea of what constitutes good isn't right, because a good person is
someone who's trying to get better,
我们认为什么是好是不对的 因为一个好人是努力变得更好的人

1468
01:28:08,971 --> 01:28:13,351
and no matter how good you are, there's better that you can get.
不管你有多好 你都能得到更好的
1469
01:28:13,351 --> 01:28:16,249
But the real goodness is in the attempt, right?
但真正的善良在于尝试 对吗？

1470
01:28:16,249 --> 01:28:19,797
It's in the. It's in the process to to use somewhat of a cliche.
它在 它在使用陈词滥调的过程中

1471
01:28:19,797 --> 01:28:22,523
You know, there's this and I'll close with this.
你知道 有这个 我将以这个结束

1472
01:28:22,523 --> 01:28:24,292
And it's a good wait, wait, close.
这是一个很好的等待 等待 关闭

1473
01:28:24,292 --> 01:28:27,627
You know? And this is a psychological observation.
你知道吗？这是一个心理学观察

1474
01:28:27,627 --> 01:28:32,609
The the central figure of Western culture is Christ, and we can look at that
psychologically,
西方文化的中心人物是基督 我们可以从心理学上来看

1475
01:28:32,609 --> 01:28:35,313
because Christ is the dying and resurrecting hero.
因为基督是垂死和复活的英雄

1476
01:28:35,313 --> 01:28:37,850
And what does that mean psychologically?
这在心理学上意味着什么？

1477
01:28:37,860 --> 01:28:50,877
Well, it means that you learn things painfully, and when you learn something
painfully, a part of you has to die.
嗯 这意味着你痛苦地学习东西 当你痛苦地学习东西时 你的一部分必须死去

1478
01:28:50,877 --> 01:28:52,184
That's the pain.
这就是痛苦

1479
01:28:52,199 --> 01:28:53,986
You know, when a dream is shattered.
你知道 当梦想破灭时

1480
01:28:53,986 --> 01:28:57,401
For example, a huge part of you that that constituted that dream.
例如 构成那个梦想的你的很大一部分

1481
01:28:57,401 --> 01:29:05,148
Maybe even the biological substrate of that Gene has to be Stripped Away and and
burned.
也许甚至那个基因的生物基质也必须被剥离和燃烧

1482
01:29:05,159 --> 01:29:11,149
And so life is a constant process of death and rebirth.
所以生命是一个不断死亡和重生的过程

1483
01:29:11,159 --> 01:29:17,327
And to participate in that fully is to allow yourself to be Redeemed by it.
完全参与其中就是让你自己被它救赎

1484
01:29:17,340 --> 01:29:23,709
And so the good is that process of death and rebirth voluntarily undertaken.
所以好的是自愿进行的死亡和重生过程

1485
01:29:23,709 --> 01:29:25,486
It's like you're not as good as you could be.
就像你没有达到你能达到的水平

1486
01:29:25,500 --> 01:29:27,139
So you let that part of you die.
所以你让你的那部分死去了

1487
01:29:27,139 --> 01:29:33,582
And if someone comes along and says, you know, there's some dead wood here, man, it
needs to be burned off.
如果有人走过来说 你知道 这里有一些枯木 伙计 它需要烧掉

1488
01:29:33,582 --> 01:29:35,765
You think? Well, that stuff's still a bit alive.
你觉得呢？嗯 那东西还活着

1489
01:29:35,765 --> 01:29:37,478
When that burns, it's going to hurt.
当它燃烧时 会很疼

1490
01:29:37,478 --> 01:29:39,586
It's like, yeah, well, no kidding.
就像 是的 好吧 不开玩笑

1491
01:29:39,586 --> 01:29:43,185
But maybe the thing that emerges in its place is something better.
但也许出现在它的位置上的东西是更好的东西
1492
01:29:43,199 --> 01:29:46,114
And I think this is the secret of human beings.
我认为这就是人类的秘密

1493
01:29:46,114 --> 01:29:50,207
This is what we're like, you know, unlike any other creature,
这就是我们喜欢的 你知道 不像任何其他生物

1494
01:29:50,207 --> 01:29:54,829
is that we can let our old selves die and let our new selves be born.
我们可以让旧的自我死去 让新的自我诞生

1495
01:29:54,840 --> 01:29:57,227
And that's what we should do.
这就是我们应该做的

1496
01:29:57,227 --> 01:30:02,206
And so where do I fall short in these 12 rules?
那么我在这 12 条规则中哪里不足呢？

1497
01:30:02,219 --> 01:30:03,731
Well, endlessly.
嗯 没完没了

1498
01:30:03,731 --> 01:30:04,537
Because.
因为

1499
01:30:04,537 --> 01:30:07,233
Well, here's a way of thinking about it.
嗯 这是一种思考的方式

1500
01:30:07,233 --> 01:30:11,926
Until the entire world is redeemed, we all fall short.
在整个世界被救赎之前 我们都没有成功

1501
01:30:11,940 --> 01:30:17,719
And that's probably a good place to stop.
这可能是一个停下来的好地方

1502
01:30:17,730 --> 01:30:25,449
[Applause] [Music].
[掌声][音乐]