Describe the nature, functions, and origins of

1 political self.

Discuss the role of family, school, church, peer

2 groups, and media in the development of
political self.

Determine the importance of social

3
interaction in political self.

Identify and describe the theoretical

4
perspectives in the development of political self.
❑ Is the set of activities associated with the
governance of a country or other area

❑ A social institution through which power is

acquired and exercised by some people
and groups (Kendall, 1998).

❑ It can be inferred from a person’s ability to

influence others by making a decision for
them which is an essential quality that can
influence one’s political self.
❑ In Aristotle’s work Politics, he describes the
role that politics and the political
community must play in bringing about
the virtuous life in the citizenry. He
observes that “man is by nature a
political animal”.
❑ Politics exists in all human societies.
 ❑ Citizenship becomes a salient
basis for political self.
❑ From the social and
is the most basic identification psychological perspectives, the
with the nation as such, is oriented individual’s claim to citizenship
towards the state and its means that the person relates
expressions in law and policy herself or himself to a group of
(Diokno, 1997). others who also see
themselves as citizens of a
larger polity.
• Our different ethnolinguistic groups –

each with a distinct heritage of

traditions, dance, art, music, folklore,

beliefs, value system-make up the

identity of the Filipino people.

Our National identity and
Citizenship are important
indicators that influence our…
 The Political self organizes one’s
beliefs, attitudes and affiliations that
aids in the processing of politically
relevant information which can lead to
a decision of one’s political views
❑ It constitutes the knowledge about the
Constitution, government, and governance.
❑ Helps in defining the structure and
functions of the government in telling the
relationship between the State and the
citizens; and in describing their rights,
freedom, and obligations as citizens.
❑ Exemplifies the ideals and aspirations of
the people; embodies the rules and
principles of the State; and determines the
status and power of the people.
❑ The political self and identity is developed
through socialization.

❑ The value component of identity

construction is shaped by societal agencies
that enter the life of the individual from
childhood all the way through the rest of the
person’s life (Diokno, 1997).

❑ Over time, individuals internalize the political

attitudes, values, and views of others, and
incorporating them into their political self.
 “ ”

Stevens, Anglin, and Jussim (2015)

 ❑ The family has a hierarchical
structure, which requires that each
member performs their roles.

❑ Each position carries a set of rights,

responsibilities, and expectations. Status
and power are ascribed. The family
consists of members who differ in status,
obligations, influence, or power.

❑ The first and foremost duty of the parents is to educate the children about basic
values and beliefs. The process of learning these values and beliefs through
identification.
❑ Morality underlie political values and beliefs.
❑ The Philippine Constitution thus recognizes
the duty and responsibility of the parents
to educate and train their children to
become good, useful, and worthy citizens
of the country and to prepare them for
future positions, responsibility, and
leadership.
❑ One of the responsibilities of the
school is to teach the moral, spiritual,
and political values that will develop
students to become patriotic and
morally upright citizens.

❑ Equally, the Philippine constitution

recognizes the vital role of schools in
inculcating among youth the value of
patriotism and nationalism and
encouraging their involvement in public
and civic affairs of the country.
The church also helps shape the ideals
of citizenship and democracy through
their teachings, homily, and pastoral
letters.
People with similar preferences
naturally associate with each
 The internet has created channels of
communication that play a key role in
circulating news, and social media has
the power to change not just the
message but the dynamics of political
corruption, values and dynamics and
conflict in politics.

❑ The media have a powerful role as people have come to treat television, radio,
newspapers, magazines and internet as the basis on which to think and act in the
world.
❑ Thus media have a potential power to influence peoples’ attitude, opinion and
behaviour around many sensitive issues, such as gender, ethnicity, age and
political issues
 1. Normative Influence – a type of social
influence that is based on conforming to the
positive expectations of others; helps avoid
punishment and we want others to like and
accept us

2. Informational Influence- a type of influence

based on accepting the information obtained
from other as evidence of reality; we believe
that they have an accurate information
According to Myers, leadership is
the process by which certain
group members motivate and
guide the group.
An important aspect of politics is
the capacity to influence and
lead a group of people.
 Affective Identity motivation – The
1 motivation to lead as a result of desire to be
in charge and lead others.

Noncalculative motivation- Those who seek

2 leadership positions because they will result in
personal gain.

Social-normative motivation – The desire

3 to lead out of a sense of duty or
responsibility.
 “ ”

David McClelland believed that

we have three psychological
needs:
1. Need for power
2. Need for affiliation
3. Need for achievement
 Instrumental- leaders who plan
1 and organizes for their
subordinates.

Supportive – leaders who show

2 concern to their subordinates.

Participative – leaders who allow

3 subordinates to participate in
Achievement-oriented – sets
decision making. 4 challenges and rewards
achievement.
1 Autocratic Leadership - Also known
as Authoritarian Leadership, “Do as
you’re told.”

2 Democratic Leadership - Also known as

Participative Leadership involves
gathering input from other members for
decision-making process.

Laissez-faire Leadership - leave 4 Transformational Leadership - allows

3
decisions to their employees, while employees to see clearly the vision and
staying available to provide feedback goals; loyal and productive while working
when necessary. to accomplish their mission.
Pakikipagkapwa or Kapwa
- the core value of the Filipino.
- A person who treats another as
a kapwa has shared a sense of
identity and consciousness with
that other person.
Pakikisama is the Leading Motivator
1. FAMILY- The family is at the
center of the Filipino community.
Children are not expected to leave
their parents’ house until they,
themselves get married; they’re
expected to care for their ageing
parents.
2. HUMOR AND POSITIVITY
- Optimism, humor, and positivity
are valued traits in the
Philippines.
- In the face of difficult or
challenging situations, members
of the community are
encouraged to look at the
brighter side of things.
- Humor and positivity work as a
coping mechanism.
3. Flexibility and Adaptability
-The term bahala na, which can be
translated to whatever happens ,
happens, is one of the more familiar
phrases used in the country and is
perhaps the most representative of
how Filipinos value adaptability and
quick thinking.
4. Faith and Religion
❑ Spirituality is deeply ingrained in
Filipinos.
❑ Religion helps shape their values
and principles.
❑ Animism was already practiced
in many pre-colonial societies.
❑ Islam has been firmly established
in the southern islands even
before the Spanish brought
Catholicism.
5. Filipino Hospitality
- Filipinos in the country and around
the globe can be expected to
extend a warm welcome to their
guests regardless of where they
come from, how well they know
their host and why they’re visiting
someone's home.
Other characteristics:
A person with a crab mentality
has the habit of feeling
threatened by the growth of
others and deliberately
stunts the growth of others.
- There is also this pagtatakpan
attitude, where other members of a
group cover up the shortcomings or
the wrongdoings of some of the
members.
Other characteristics:
❑ Hiya is not the same with “shame” or
“guilt” but rather it is a sense of
propriety.
❑ Bahala na is not fatalism but it is risk-
taking and determination.
❑ Utang na loob is not a debt or a burden;
it is gratitude and solidarity.
Be an active Filipino
citizen.

Study the Philippine

history.

Support local products.

Speak the Filipino

language.

Do not speak fake news

and be democratic in
engaging with conflict.