GENERAL PHYSICS 1: OFFICIAL LIST OF FORMULAS

Addition of Vectors: Component Torque

R = ∑𝑥 ^2 + ∑𝑦^ 2 t=F⟂l

𝑦
θ = tan^-1 (𝑥)
Static Equilibrium

Translational Rotational
∑Fnet = 0
τnet = 0
∑
∑Fx = 0
τcc - ∑τc =0
∑
∑Fy = 0
∑Fl cc - ∑ Fl c =0

Uniform Acceleration/Free fall Newton’s Law

v = 𝑑𝑡 a=g
1st Law 3rd Law
𝑣
a= 𝑡 f = μN
y = vot + ½ gt2 Fnet = 0 N = W = mg
2 2

a = 𝑣𝑓−𝑣𝑜 y = 𝑣𝑓 2𝑔
−𝑣𝑜
(constant motion)
𝑡
nd
2 Law Fx – f = 0
y = ½ gt2 Fy – W = 0
x = vot + ½ at2 Fnet = ma
𝑣𝑓+𝑣𝑜 2 2
Fx = ma (accelerated)
𝑥= ( )
2𝑎
t = 𝑣𝑓 −𝑣𝑜
𝑔
Fy = ma Fx – f = ma
Fy – W = ma ↑
𝑥= (
𝑣𝑓+𝑣𝑜
)𝑡 t=
2𝑦 (inclined plane) W – Fy = ma ↓
2 𝑔
if m1<m2, then * Fy = T

2ax = vf 2 - v02 vf = vo + gt m1: T- Wx -(µk)(mg)

cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ =ma
vf = vo + at 2gy = vf 2 - v02 m2: W-T=ma

if m1>m2, then

m1: Wx -T=ma
 m2: T-W=ma

if m1 only, then

(µk)(mg)cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ -
Wx =ma

(¬ diagram)
if m1<m2, then
m1: T-(µk)(mg)=ma
m2: W-T=ma

*(µk)(mg) is
friction (if
necessary)

W=mg
Wx=𝑚𝑔 sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ
Wy=𝑚𝑔 cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ

Type 1 Projectile Type 2 Projectile

VX is constant VoX = Vocosø
Vy = gt Voy = Vosinø

Components ymax = voy t + ½ gt2

Vo = VoX = Vx
2
ymax = −𝑣𝑜𝑦
2𝑔
Voy = 0
x = Voxt

y = voy + ½ gt2
−𝑣𝑜𝑦
x = Vxt t↑ = 𝑔

tf = t↑+t ↓
2𝑦
t= 𝑔

*Vo not equal to VoX , but

VoX = Vx
vR = 𝑣𝑥 ^2 + 𝑣𝑦^ 2
 Angle of Impact R = Voyt, wherein t is the total of time
𝑉𝑦 up and time down
θ= tan-1 ( 𝑉𝑥
)
Centripetal Force Optimum Banking Angle

ac =
𝑉^2 ∑Fx = mac
𝑅
∑Fy = 0
2
𝑚(𝑉 )
Fc = 𝑅 2
𝑚(𝑉 )
θ= 𝑅

Fc = 4π^2f^2mR, wherein T = 1/f θ =mg

v = wr, wherein w is in rad/sec 𝑉^2

θ= tan-1 ( 𝑔𝑅
)
(No Friction)
2π𝑅
v= 𝑇

v = 2π𝑅𝑓

Object negotiating a flat turn - (With

Friction)
Fc = Fs
Fs = µ𝑠mg

v = (µ𝑠)(𝑔)(𝑅)

*µ𝑠 = coefficient of static friction

Force Between Heavenly Bodies Work (in Joules)

𝐺(𝑚1)(𝑚2)
F= 𝑟^2
W=Fd(cos θ)

2
𝑔(𝑅 )
WNet = WN+WW+WF+Wf
m= 𝐺
 𝑚𝐺
g= 𝑅^2
* a = 𝑣𝑓^2−𝑣𝑖^2
2𝑑

R=
𝑚𝐺 * t = 𝑣𝑓−𝑣𝑖
𝑎
𝑔

2𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡
*v= 𝑚
*G=6.67 x 10^-11 Nm^2/kg^2
Satellites in Circular Orbits W = Fd
2
𝑚𝑣 𝐺𝑀𝑀𝑒
= F = ma
𝑟 𝑟^2

v= 𝐺𝑀𝑒 W = mad
𝑟

d = (Vf^2 - Vi^2) / 2a
𝐺𝑀𝑀𝑒
W= 𝑟^2 W = m( (Vf^2 - Vi^2) / 2)

W = mvf^2/2 - mvi^2/2
2π𝑟
v= 𝑇
W = Δxt
W = ΔKE
4π
2 W = KEf - KEi
T^2 = ( 𝐺𝑀𝑒 )r^3
Vf^2 = Vo^2 + 2ad

2
𝐺𝑀𝑒𝑇
r^3 = ( 2 )
4π

Energy (in Joules) Power (in Watts)

1
KE = 2
mv2
𝑤
P= 𝑡

PE - mgh
Work-Energy Theorem Waves
W = ½ mv22 – ½mv12 Wavelength (in meters)
λ = T(v)
W= Fcosd λ = v/f
F=ma
W=mad Period
T = λ /v
2
𝑣𝑓 −𝑣𝑖^2
W = m( 2𝑑
)d
Frequency (in Hertz)
1
W = 2 m (vf2-vi2)
f = v/ λ
 * a = 𝑣𝑓^2−𝑣𝑖^2 Velocity (Mechanical Wave Speed)
2𝑑
v=λf
v = λ /T

Velocity of Sound Waves at Diff. Temp.

v = 331 m/s + [(0.6 m/SC)(T)]
Momentum Law of Conservation of Momentum

p = mv Elastic
m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f
Elasticity
½(m1v1i 2) + ½(m2v2i 2) =
½(m1v1f 2)+ ½(m2v2f2)

Inelastic
m1v1i + m2v2i = (m1 + m2)vf

*If KEbefore ≠ KEafter, inelastic

If KEbefore = KEafter, elastic
Pressure Pascal’s Principle

P=
𝐹
=
𝑚𝑔 P1V1 = P2V2
𝐴 𝐴

Pressure at Depth Surface Area

P = (p)(g)(h) Cylinder
2π r h + 2π r²
*p is density
Cube
S6
Buoyancy Archimedes’ Principle
Fbuoyant = Fup - Fdown F = (pf-pg)Gv
 Fbuoyant = (p)(g)(Vf) *pf = density of fluid
*p is density *pg = density of object
Heat Transfer Thermal Equilibrium

Q = (m)(c)(deltaT) Q gained = - Q lost

Latent Heat of Fusion Latent Heat of Vaporization

Q = mLf Q = mLv

1st Law of Thermodynamics Simple Pendulum

𝐿
T = 2π 𝑔
delta U = Q ± W