MODULE NO.

4 IN ENGLISH 4
1st Quarter Week 4
BENITO R. VILLAR MEMORIAL SCHOOL

I. Competency:

Identify the structure, purpose and language features of different types of text
- narrative, information report, procedure, argument
Source: MELC, Essential English 4, English LM
II. Do It by Yourself

A. Know It First

To the Learner
learner

Did you have fun learning the lesson in Module 3? In the previous module, you learned about
noting significant details of various text types. In this lesson, you will learn more about different text types
particularly narrative, informational report, procedure and argument..

Let’s Recall
Hello there! Let me assess what you already know about the different text types particularly narrative,
informational report, procedure, and argument. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the purpose of an informative text?
a. To persuade you to buy something
b. To tell you how to do something
c. To provide clear facts about something
2. What type of text will you use to tell someone how to cook pinakbet?
a. narrative
b. procedure
c. informational
3. What is the purpose of a procedure text type?
a. To persuade you to buy something
b. To tell you how to do something
c. To provide clear facts about something
4. What is the purpose of a narrative text type?
a. To entertain and provide moral lesson
b. To tell you how to do something
c. To provide clear facts about something
5. What is the purpose of an argument text type?
a. To tell you how to do something
b. To discuss a subject and give opinion about it
c. To provide clear facts about something
Le
Let’s Learn Something New

Reading more means power. The more you read the more you become acquainted with different ideas
and it gives you the power to express yourself.
In this chapter you will get to know more about the types of text structure: narrative, informational,
procedural and argument. Now, I want you to do the following task before we proceed further.

Read the short selections. Then, answer the questions that follow:
Exercise A: Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:
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 The Ant and the Grasshopper
Adapted from Aesop’s Fables
In a field, one summer day, a grasshopper hopped about, chirped and sang to his heart’s content. An ant
passed by. On his back, he carried a grain of corn he harvested. He walked with great effort. He needed to take
the grain of corn to his home.
“Why not come and have a chat with me,” said the grasshopper, “instead of working and carrying that
food on your back?”
“There must be food for rainy days,” said the ant, “and you can do the same.”
“Why bother about the rainy days?” said the grasshopper; “We have plenty of food at present.” The
grasshopper sang all day. He played his guitar all day long.
The ant went on his way and continued to work and work.
When the rainy days came, the grasshopper had no food. He found himself cold and hungry.
The ant saw him. He pitied the grasshopper and offered him some food to eat. The grasshopper knew
what he needed to do next
time. Source: Let’s Get Better in English 3 Learner’s Material, page 58 Fill in the box with the
correct answer:

NARRATIVE TEXT ELEMENTS

Title:
Setting: Characters:
BEGINNING

MIDDLE

END

MORAL OF THE STORY

 What is a narrative text?

A narrative is a story text. The stories are fiction, that is, they are not true. There are many kinds of
narratives. Some of them are: fables, legend and myth.

The purpose of narrative text type is to inform, entertain and provide moral lesson to the readers.
All narrative texts have the same structure. It has three parts, namely: beginning, middle and ending. Each part
is a separate paragraph.
The purpose of narrative text type is to inform, entertain and provide moral lesson to the readers.
What is its structure?

All narrative texts have the same structure. It has three parts, namely: beginning, middle and ending.
Each part is a separate paragraph.
NARRATIVE TEXT TYPE STRUCTURE
Beginning -introduces the characters (who) and setting
(where and when) of the story
Middle
 Complication -the problem that occurs
 Resolution-the solution to the problem
Ending -tells what the characters learned from the experience, moral of
the story

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 Let us take a closer look at the structure of the selection The Ant and the Grasshopper that you have read
in above using narrative text elements graphic organizer.

Graphic organizers are charts or visuals which are used to represent what we think of. They can help us
understand what we read.
Take a look at the example below.

NARRATIVE
Title:The Ant and the Grasshopper
Setting: -in a field Characters:-an ant and a grasshopper
BEGINNING
The grasshopper was singing and an ant passed by carrying a grain on his back.
MIDDLE
The grasshopper invited the ant to have a chat with him but the ant refused because he was busy with his
work. Then the rainy days came and the grasshopper had no food to eat.
END
The ant pitied the grasshopper and offered him food. The grasshopper now learned the importance of
storing food.
MORAL OF THE STORY
The virtues of hard work and preparing for the future.

Exercise B: Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:
Anahaw is the national tree of the Philippines. It is native to Southeast Asian countries like Philippines.
It is a round-leaf fountain palm that has a slender solitary trunk bearing prominent leaf scars, and
clothed with beautiful grayish woven fibers in the upper part below the crown. Panicles of cream flowers in the
summer are followed by spherical red drupes that ripen to black.
It is a popular landscaping plant and cultivated as an ornamental all over the world. Its leaves are used
for thatching and wrapping foods.
Unlike other trees, Anahaw is truly a useful tree.
Source: Adapted from http://stuartxchange.ph/Anahaw

Answer the following questions:

What is being talked about in the

selection?
How did the author describe the
Anahaw?
State the closing sentence.

 What is information text report?

The text about Anahaw is an informational report text type. Texts that give information about a topic is
are called informational texts. Examples are news articles, travelogues, feature article, content area like
Mathematics, Science and others.
Source: English Learner’s Materials, page 268.
The purpose of informational report text is to present information about an object animal, person or
place.

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 An informational report text is divided into three parts, namely: classification, description and
conclusion.
Classification -tells what the object, animal, tree or person is.
Description -presents clear information or facts about the topic in paragraphs.

Conclusion -expresses a personal view of the author about the topic.

Source: Adapted from https://www.mydigitalchalkboard.org

Let us organize the information that you have learned about Anahaw using a graphic organizer.

ALL ABOUT ANAHAW

Classification Anahaw is the national tree of the Philippines. Anahaw is native to Southeast Asian
(Opening countries like Philippines.
Sentence)
Description (Facts) It is a round-leaf fountain palm. It has a slender solitary trunk bearing prominent leaf
scars, and clothed with beautiful grayish woven fibers in the upper part below the
crown. Panicles of cream flowers in the summer are followed by spherical red drupes
that ripen to black.

Conclusion Unlike other trees, Anahaw is truly a useful tree.

(Closing
Sentence

Exercise C: Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:
One day, a mother and her five-year-old son, Mac-mac went to their backyard. They were planning of
cleaning the yard to keep mosquitoes and flies away. As Mac-mac started sweeping the ground, he saw a
picture of food laying on the ground. The caption was “Pastil”. He asked, “mother do you know what is this”?
She looked at the picture and said, “yes son it is a Maguindanaon delicacy known as pastil.
“It looks yummy and healthy mom” said Mac-mac. Do you know how to cook pastil?” Mother replied,
“of course, son!”.
Mac-mac asked his mother, “Will you teach me how to prepare it? I want to learn how to cook.”
“Sure son, but first let us finish cleaning, and we will cook pastil together” the mother said.
They enjoyed cleaning the yard together. After which, they prepared the ingredients for the pastil. The
ingredients are as follows: ½ kilo of chicken,2 pcs onion, thinly sliced, ¼ cup cooking oil,1 tbsp of soy sauce,
¼ cup vinegar, ½ tbsp. black pepper, salt to taste, 2 cups of white rice and banana leaves for wrapping. When
all the ingredients are ready the mother started to guide Mac-mac on how to cook pastil.
First, they cooked rice then set aside. Then, they sliced chicken and boiled until the meat was tender.
Let the meat cool before making it into flakes. Afterwards, they put oil in a pan then sauté the sliced onions in
low fire. When the onions turned transparent, they added the flaked chicken meat, salt, and black pepper. They
let it cook for 10 minutes before adding the vinegar and soy sauce. They continued to cook until the oil came
out. Lastly, put rice in banana leaves and top it with the chicken adobo flakes then wrap.
Ola! The pastil is now ready to eat. Mac-mac and his mom enjoyed eating pastil that afternoon. Mac-
mac is very happy because he already knew how to make pastil.

1. Who are the characters in the story?_________________________

2. Where do you think the story took place? ____________________

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3. What are the procedure or the steps in preparing pastil?
_________________________________________________________
4. What are the words used to show order on how to make pastil?
________________________________________
4. Mother taught his son about cleanliness, is it important? How do you keep yourself clean? Demonstrate
the steps.
First ____________________
Next ____________________
Then ___________________
Finally, _________________

 What is procedural or sequence text structure?

When doing or making something, you need to follow directions for your guide and it will help you do
things right. This text will tell the reader how something is done. It is known as Procedural Text. This text
is also known as the Step–in–a process or Sequence of events text structure.
You may use special words or signal words in writing procedural text. This will help the readers follow
the steps. Words like first, next, now, then and finally or u may also use numbers such as 1,2,3 etc. to
show order.
The structure, purpose and language feature of the passage above is procedural.

Exercise D: Read the passage below and answer the following questions:

Roachy
By: Estela B. Omandam
Roachy is a little cockroach. He lives in the darkest corner of the house. He is sad there. He wants to
play outside.
Rouchy is trying to convince his mother if he could go outside to play with Grumpy the house cat. But
Mother tells him to stay in the dark place.
Rouchy: I want to go out and play, mother.
Mother: No son. Staying in the dark is safe for us.
Rouchy: How come they dont like me mother? I have beautiful shiny wings and long antenna?
Mother: Just listen. I don’t want you to get harm.
Rouchy is a little bit hard headed. One morning, he went out of his room. He would like to prove to his
mother that it is so wrong to stay in the dark and that it is enjoyable to play outside with Grumpy the cat.
Rouchy thought the cat will love him for he has long eyelashes and clean fingernails”.
Just then, Grumpy saw him. He jumped unto him showing his strong claws and white sharp teeth. Rouchy
ran as fast as he could. Good thing, Grumpy did not catch him. He was panting as creep beneath the dark wall.
From then on, Rouchy has learned his lesson. He always listens to his mother and never disagree with her.

Question: Answer:
1. What is the claim of Rouchy?
2. What does the mother’s respond to his son?

3. What is the reason of Rouchy for going out?

4. State the evidence of mother why not

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 allowing his son to go out.

The structure and language features of the above passage is argumentative.

 What is argument text structure?

Argumentative text attempts to convince or persuade readers to adopt a certain point of view. The
writer investigates a topic, collects and evaluates evidence and takes a position.
The purpose of argument text is the reason a writer writes, to express emotion or record memories and
to convince the reader to join a certain side.
Main parts of argument text:

1. Claim- stating the main point.

2. Counterclaim- opposite of claim.
3. Reason-tells the importance of the argument. It must be provable
4. Evidence-support the reason with facts, research and experience.

Main parts: Example:

1. Claim I want to go out and play, mother
2. counterclaim No son. Staying in the dark is safe for us.
3. reason How come they won’t like me mother? I have beautiful shiny wings
and long antenna?
4. Evidence Just then, Grumpy saw him. He jumped unto him showing his strong
claws and white sharp teeth. Rouchy ran as fast as he could. Good
thing, Grumpy did not catch him. He was panting as creep beneath
the dark wall

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 Let’s Do This

B. Test Yourself
You are doing great in this module! Can you do it by yourself? I know you can! Come on! Let’s
try!
Activity 1:
Direction: Study the narrative below and identify its narrative elements. Use a graphic
organizer.
The Tortoise and the Hare
Adapted from Aesop’s Fables
In the forest, there was once a speedy hare who bragged about how fast he could run. He
always made fun of the other animals.
One day, the tortoise was tired of hearing him boast so he challenged him to a race. The
hare laughed and he agreed. All the animals in the forest gathered to watch.
They started the running race. The hare ran very fast. But the tortoise walked very
slowly. The proud hare rested under a tree and soon slept off. The determined tortoise walked
slowly and steadily until he reached the goal.
Hearing the cheer of the other animals, the hare woke up from his nap at last. He then
began to run so fast but the he was too late. The tortoise was on the finish line. The fast hare
accepted defeat and made friends with the tortoise.
After that, the hare was always reminded not to brag about himself.
Source: Adapted from http://www.storyarts.org/library/aesops/stories/tortoise.html
ANARRATIVE TEXT ELEMENTS
Title:

Setting: Characters:
BEGINNING

MIDDLE

END

MORAL OF THE STORY

Activity 2:
Directions: Identify the structure of the text below and organize the information
about it using the graphic organizer below.
Tarsiers
Tarsiers can be found in Southeast Asia. In the Philippines, they are in the islands of Samar,
Leyte, and Bohol. They live in trees and in the roots of plants like bamboo.
The tarsier is one of the smallest primates; it is no longer than an adult man’s hand. It has
brown and grey fur covering its body. Its hind legs and feet are elongated. It has a big round
eyes.
The tarsier is nocturnal. It sleeps during the day and finds food at night. It mainly eats
insects.

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 ALL ABOUT _______________
OPENING SENTENCE

FACT 1 FACT 2

FACT 3 FACT 4

CLOSING SENTENCE

Let us learn some more for you to increase the level of your understanding in this module!

Activity 3:
Direction: Identify the procedural text from the sentences below. Put a √ if it is a
procedural text and X if not.
_______ 1. Mother taught us how to reach Southseas mall. She instructed us to ride a motorcycle
going to Almonte St. Then, on the left side, we can find the mall.
_______2. Emily became sad after losing her purse. Luckily, a man brought it to a radio station.
The DJ called her attention and claimed her purse.
_______3. In order to remove the stain in your shirt, you need to put bleach first on the stained
part, then washed it well. Finally, let it dry.
_______4. The first step to claim your ID is to present your cedula, affix your signature then get
your new ID.
_______5. The proper way of eating mango is first you need to wash it well, get a knife to peel it
and slice the mango into pieces. Finally, you may serve and eat it.

Activity 4

Directions: Identify the structure and language features of the text and answer the
statement below:

Ethan and his sister were walking in a Mall. Then, they saw a stall of pizza.
Ethan: I want to eat pizza sister. Shall we buy one?
Sister: No Ethan. Mom said pizza is not so healthy.
Ethan: Your wrong sister. It’s packed with nutrients and minerals needed by the body. It has
tomato that has lycopene content which is good to fight cancer.
Sister: But lately, pizza makers has doubled the amount of salt, fat and calories which is not
good for our health.
Ethan: (thinking for a while) Ok sister, let’s have rice and chicken instead.
The siblings happily ate chicken and rice as their meal. They enjoyed the rest of the afternoon
strolling.
Fill the blanks with the correct answer:
Main Parts Answer:

1. Claim

2.
Counterclaim

3. reason

4. evidence

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 What Have You Learned?

Let me know your progress. Supply the blanks with the correct data.
I have learned that a narrative text type is
_________________________________________________
I also have learned that informational text type is
____________________________________________
While procedural text type is ________________________________ and it has signal words
which are ________________________________.
Lastly, argument text structure is ___________________________ and it has four main parts
which are _____________________________.
Good job! You are a good reader. I hope your comprehension is more improved! Now, let’s try
another one.

III. Assessment
Activity 1
Directions: Read and study the narrative below and identify the narrative text elements
using the graphic organizer that follows.
The Goose and the Golden Eggs
Adapted from Aesop’s Fables
In the countryside, there was once a man who possessed the most wonderful goose you
can imagine. Every day when he visited the nest, the goose had laid a beautiful, glittering, golden
egg.
The countryman took the eggs to the market and soon he began to get rich. But it was not long
before he grew impatient with the goose because she gave him only a single golden egg each
day. He was not getting rich fast enough.
Then one day, after he had finished counting his money, an idea came to him that he
could get all the golden eggs at once by killing the goose and cutting it open. However, when he
had done killing the goose, not a single golden egg did he find. His precious was dead.
Source: Adapted from http://www.read.gov/aesop/091.html
NARRATIVE TEXT ELEMENTS

Title:

Setting: Characters:

BEGINNING

MIDDLE

END

MORAL OF THE STORY

Activity 2

Directions: Identify the structure of the text below and organize the information about it using the
graphic organizer below.
Carabao Buffalo
The Carabao buffalo is a swamp-type breed of domestic water buffalo which is native to the
Philippines. It is considered the national animal of the country. The carabao buffalo has a low, wide and
heavy build body. Their body coloration varies from light grey to slate grey. They have common
chevrons, and their horns are sickle-shaped or curve backward toward the neck.
The Carabao buffaloes are multi-purpose animals and they are used for many different purposes.
Source: Adapted fromhttps://www.roysfarm.com/carabao-buffalo/

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 ALL ABOUT _______________

OPENING SENTENCE

FACT 1 FACT 2

FACT 3 FACT 4

CLOSING SENTENCE

Activity 3

Directions: Read the selection below. Rewrite the events inside the box in proper sequence. Write
it on a separate sheet of paper.

1. 2.
Then, father prepared Finally, on the day of our
our food to be journey, we all woke up
brought. He made very early so we won’t be late
sure that the food will for our flight. We
be enough for all of us on went to the airport two hours
our journey. before our trip.

3 4 5

My family felt very excited. Mother First, mother packed the We all had a
bought plane tickets for all of us. We were things great time.
having a grand vacation at Baguio City. It we need. She chose few We all
was only a short break but I knew it would things which went home with
be full of fun. We all look forward to are only important. much happiness and
visiting the beautiful tourist destinations She put them all in one contentment in our
there. We searched on the internet the luggage bag. hearts
possible fun things to do during our stay
there. I felt very happy. I knew my siblings
felt the same.

Activity 4
Direction: Choose one topic presented below. Make a telephone conversation on argument text
structure.

Poverty and education Technology in education

Bullying

Keep up the good work!

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