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CESC Module 3
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SHS
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT,
SOLIDARITY AND
CITIZENSHIP
First Quarter – Module
3:
FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNITY
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Community Engagement, Solidarity and Citizenship
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Functions of Community
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them.
Fatima D. Doma
Illustrator:
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TITLE/ INTRODUCTION
Hi there! Welcome to the third module!
My name is Alysha. Have you wondered what makes your community unique?
Are you familiar with the structures of your community? How about the people
who build your community? Have you had the chance to get to know the people
who are the keepers of our community? How about you as a Filipino youth, how
are you going to contribute to your community? To get to know our community
OBJECTIVES
1. explain the dynamics of your community by recognizing the people who build the
community;
2. assess the structures of your community, and
VOCABULARY LIST
Let us have first the vocabulary list and pre-test for this module. Make use of
Aspects of Community- these include the structure existing in your community which includes
Community- group of people in a particular area who are interacting to one another
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Community Power- the capacity of the community to exercise control over activities and seek
Influencer- the person with the most influence, who can lead others to achieve a goal or
Leader- the person who has the responsibility of controlling or taking charge of a particular
group
Leadership-the process and qualities of command and decisiveness with regard to the necessary
Social change- the changes that occur in the social order of a society. These are related
to nature, social institutions, social behavior or social relations, cultural, religious, economics,
PRE-TEST
Direction. Carefully read and analyze each question. Choose the correct answer from the given
area.
a. Demographics
2. The aspect of the community that looks at employment opportunities exiting in the area.
b. Income distribution
d. Housing
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3. A figure who is with direct relation with you through familial relations, affinities or feeling
a. Organization
b. Interrelationship
characteristics.
a. Influencer
b. Leader
c. Community Leader
d. Organization member
a. cultural change
b. social change
c. political change
d. technological change
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Before we start our activity, let me share to you my story. I am Alysha, and I’m seventeen years
old. Just like you, I am still a Senior High School student. I live in San Juan, Roro, Sorsogon
City. Lately, I have this goal of becoming a community leader so that I may contribute more to
Chairman. But to be honest, I am not familiar with my own community, its structure, dynamics,
and processes. There are a lots of things that I would like to know because I would love to
work with other community leaders and builders. How about you, do you like to be a
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Let’s Read!
Leaders are important figures that will guide the members to carry out the plans in pursuit
of the group’s objectives. The guidance of a good leader in a group ensures the coherence of plans
In the Philippines, the government provides several levels of leadership, from the
president and vice-president, including other government officials at the national and in the local
levels such as mayors, congressmen, and governors. They are appointed based on qualifications,
attitude and most often, through the votes of the residents. It is otherwise known as Formal
Power Structure because they are individuals from whose authority is based on formal rules
There are also people who are appointed because of their ability to lead, direct or achieve
without an official leadership title. They are known as Informal Power Structure. They are
popular to others as influencers who can lead others with the most influence. Informal power
comes, not from an official position, but from the respect and appreciation one has earned from the
members of a group. This respect and appreciation allow the individual to influence his or her
peers in a way that others within the group cannot. Examples are managers, supervisors,
philanthropists, businessmen, producers and even employees who lead their group as likable and
charismatic leaders.
whose authority is based on formal rules and institutions. They are appointed because of their
intelligence, reputations, decision-making, dictation from laws and policies and connections.
Examples are the appointments made by the president of the country through his/her Powers of
Appointment as stated in the constitution or with the consent of the Commission on Appointments
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members and its leaders from any national government-related institutions, ambassadors, other public
The aforementioned (3) power dynamics are part of individual dimensions of community which
could be:
1. Interrelationship- community leaders are with direct relation with you through
Hmmmmm….. I wonder if you really got the concepts! Let’s have our
Can you give me the power dynamics of the following community leaders as well as their
individual dimensions and a short description of the kind of work they do in your community?
Power Dynamics
Individual Dimension
Job Description
a. Barangay Captain
Source: Edoria, Alejandro. “Looking back: The first barangay polls in PH.” Rappler, May 17, 2015
https://rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/first-philippine-barangay-elections-may-1982
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Power Dynamics
Individual Dimension
Source: Norwayblue. “Geriatric care manager and social workers,”deposit photos, In white
background, Vector Clipart 69726167, April 7, 2015
https://depositphotos.com/69726167/stock-illustration-geriatric-care-manager-and-
social.html
Power Dynamics
Individual Dimension
Job Description
c. Local farmer
Source: Soto, Cynde. “Farmers market clipart.” Pinterest.com. Accessed on June 17, 2020.
https://www.pinterest.co.uk/amp/pin/176977460333223470/
Well done! You’ve identified the roles played by those community leaders
analyzing all of its aspects as part of the structure. Then, let us assess the
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Let’s Read!
Awareness of the essential aspects of the community is necessary in aiding the residents
to reflect on ways to be positively involved in its improvement. The poet John Donne famously
said, “No man is an island,” referring to humanity’s interconnectedness and the belief that humans
Being aware of the structure of the community and exploring its aspects will help you
understand the necessary measures that should be undertaken to serve as an active member of a
community and as future leaders of the community. The following are the aspects of community
1. Local Politics
• Structure of government
2. Demographics
• Ethnic groups
• Areas known for having their own characteristics (ex: industrial area, blue collar
families)
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3. Geography and environmental influence
• businesses, factories and other sources of employment that characterize the community
6. Income distribution
7. Housing
• housing conditions
• population density
• types of housing
• education system
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• attention to special population (e.g., children with special needs) and to cultural differences.
• extent to which education brings out the best in the children (participation in competitions,
• presence of TV and radio stations and newspapers which provide the people information and
• the capacity of the sources of information to enhance the residents’ skills to promote positive
change
• the presence of community leaders who speak for various marginalized subgroups.
• gaps in social, health care, and other community and educational services
Let us be specific in describing your community by writing a short information on the following
aspects of a community. Please choose one factor to explore and write your answer. The first
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Beliefs and
Attitudes
Local Politics
Local economy
and businesses
Income distribution
Housing
Educational
Facilities and
programs
Health and Welfare
Systems
Sources of
information and
public opinion
Summary Assessment
of Community Issues
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Great job! In your own simple way, you have just conducted an
environmental scanning.
Let us now discuss about the process of the community. Then, let us
answer task 3 that depicts about a social issue that post as a challenge
for all of us.
Let’s Read!
1. Effective Communication
-an open communication is highly recommended for leaders and their constituents. There
should be free access to important information concerning social issues and public matters.
community leadership.
3. Community Engagement
- it is important to encourage young leaders to participate so that they are ready to take
4. Collaboration
- leaders should learn to “build bridges” and develop networks among community
These major components of being a better leader will help improve communities by
effecting positive social change, improve the relationships of their residents as well as build
community power.
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Community Power is the capacity of the community to exercise control over activities and seek
ways to employ available resources to establish a stronger and successful community. The diagram
How to
build
Community
Power
Developing
structures or systems Shared leadership/
for shared power and leadership
decision- making development
planning
e.g. facebook, twitter or thru text on the status of your community in its fight against COVID
19. Identify at least two (2) aspects of community, the community leaders who are working in
line with the resources available from the said aspects and their initiatives in using the said aspect
Programs
Aspect of Community Community Leaders Implemented/
Initiatives of
Community Leaders
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Ponder on this:
2. What are the changes brought by them working hand in hand together?
3. How do you think their awareness of their community structure help them to
function as leaders?
Let's Write!
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like them.
POST-TEST
A. Below are statements with jumbled words based on the previous discussion. Try to
remember each concept by looking into the jumbled words. Have fun!
1. MMUNICOTY ROEWP
-capacity of the community to exercise control over activities and seek ways to employ available
2. CONMIMUTY CUSTRURET
- this encompasses the various aspects in the community which includes demographics,
geography and environmental influences, beliefs and attitudes and the likes.
3. ABCOLLARNIOTO
-one of the essential characteristics of leaders to be developed is that they build bridges and
- they are appointed based on qualifications, attitude and most often, through the votes of the
residents
5. GANITIONROAZ
- they could be part of an institution or an association that has a particular purpose in our
community.
B. Read and analyze the statements below. Write the word TRUE if statements are correct
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6. Teachers, soldiers, and other government employees are examples of Formal
Power Structure.
community leader.
ASSIGNMENT
effective community leader to effect positive social change and improve your community power?
Express your thoughts by making a poster. Please be guided with the rubric below and the
identified elements that should be present. This will serve as your performance task.
a. You as one of the community leaders that show your role/work in the community
b. The power dynamics that you possess as a leader as well as your individual
dimension
c. Choose at least one (1) structure you will use/improve in the future that will make a great
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KEY TO CORRECTIONS
Pre-Test
1. a
2. c
3. b
4. c
5. b
Task 1
a. Barangay Captain
Power Dynamics- Formal Power Structure
Individual Dimension- Interrelationship
Job Description - the highest elected official in a barangay, the smallest level of
administrative divisions of the Philippines. He performs many official government duties
and executes minor judicial powers as part of Barangay Justice System, such as settling
disputes between neighbors.
b. Social Workers
Power Dynamics- Informal Power Structure
Interrelationship- Organization
Job Description- A social worker helps people cope with the challenges they are
facing in their lives. Some, called clinical social workers, are therapists who diagnose
and then treat individuals who have mental, behavioral, and emotional disorders.
(answers of students may vary because of the many roles of Social Workers)
c. Local Farmers
Power Dynamics- Informal Power Structure
Individual Dimension- Interrelationship
Job Description- person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or
raw materials. They are usually the people who do some combination of raising field
crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock. A farmer might own the
farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced
economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known
as farm workers, or farmhands.
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Task 2
Answers may vary depending on the community they belong and chosen factors to explore
per aspect. An example is already written on the module.
Task 3
For task 3, answers may vary as well. It depends upon the most prominent projects/programs
they see in their barangay as to how community leaders work together to fight against the
COVID19 pandemic. An example is already written below
Programs Implemented/
Aspect of Community Community Leaders Initiatives of Community
Leaders
Local Politics Barangay Officials as part During the Covid19
Income Distributions of Local politics, Pandemic, community
Sources of information The Local Government as leaders such as the
and public opinion the local officials concern barangay officials, LGU
in Income Distributions, Sorsogon as well as PIA
and Sorsogon work
PIA Sorsogon as part of collaboratively to serve the
Sources of information and Sorsoganons. The LGU,
public opinion headed by the Provincial
Governor, City Mayor and
other local government
officials to make sure that
all Sorsoganons know
about Covid19 and follow
the orders given by
Rodrigo R. Duterte, the
President thru the
guidelines given by the
IATF. Some of the
initiatives of the local
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government are imposition
of curfew, relief goods,
giving SAF etc. The LGU
coordinated with the local
barangay officials to
distribute properly the
aforementioned. While, PIA
Sorsogon updated the
community on the status of
the community and related
information about the
distribution of the assistance
provided by the
government.
Post-Test
Task A
1. Community Power
2. Community Structure
3. Collaboration
4. Formal Power Structures
5. Organization
Task B
6. False
7. False
8. True
9. False
10. False
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REFERENCES:
1 Semorlan, A.A. and Semorlan, A. Community Engagement, Solidarity and Citizenship for Senior
High School. Quezon City: C&E Publishing, 2017.
3 Ezeanu, Eduard. “Formal vs. Informal Power: Two Paths to Social Success.” Published on August
9, 2018 at People Skills Decoded.
Accessed June 23, 2020, http://www.peopleskillsdecoded.com/formal-vs-informal-power/
5 Edoria, Alejandro. “Looking back: The first barangay polls in PH.” Rappler, May 17, 2015
Accessed June 25, 2020, https://rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/first-philippine-barangay- elections-
may-1982
Cover photo credit: Melody D. Legaspi (Rizal Integrated National School, Sorsogon City)
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