Final Document Deje

ADAMA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF G+4 BUILDING
SUBMITTED TO FACULITY OF CIVIL DEPARTMENT
DATE 14, JUNE 2019

FINAL YEAR PROJECT 2020
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that the report entitled structural analysis and design of G+4 building of a gen-
uine work done and submitted by the students of fifth year Civil Engineering, at RIFT VALLEY
UNIVERSITY.
NAME ID
ELIYAS MESGANU RAMIT/512/07
ESTIFANOS ERSIDO RAMIT/T/002/07
ELENI BELAY RAMIT/500/07
MARTA RAMET RAMIT/947/07
HENOK TILAHUN RAMIT/790/07
TSION GEZAHEGN RAMIT/1462/07
AYELECH MOGES RAMIT/239/06
Under guidance and supervision in academic year 2020
Project advisor name _____________________________ Sign_______________ Date

________________
Rift Valley University Institute of Technology Department of Civil Engineering
Date_________________
Page | iii
Acknowledgment
We have to thank the almighty God for the endless blessings and being with us in every step we
made to complete this project.
Next we would like to express our deepest gratitude to AMIT department of civil engineering for
arranging this academic program. And we owe a great debt to our advisor Mr. AZMACH
LOLE for his valuable guidance and appreciation.
Finally we would like to acknowledge all individuals who invested their time, their effort and
continuous encouragement throughout the time.
Group members
Page | iv
Executive summary
In any aspect, knowledge of construction engineering should be supported with practical experi-
ence. This course strengthens student’s knowledge regarding structural design and analysis of
buildings.
The content of the report is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is introduction part. It
gives introduction to construction, design data and materials and loadings. The second chapter
focuses on analysis and design of roof. The project holds both truss type and slab type roof. De-
termination of EGA sheet, analysis and design of purlin, truss design are included.
On the third chapter of the project report, it explains about slab design and analysis. This in-
cludes moment distribution and adjustment for each panel. Next, the fourth chapter describes
frame analysis. On this topic, weight of each load, center of mass, base shear forces are calcu-
lated and distributed on each floor.
The fifth chapter describes beam and column design. This design is held by using ETABS out-
put. And finally on chapter six foundation designs takes place. In each parts of the chapter, we
tried our best to make every single point clear. And finally, general conclusions and recommen-
dation are described. This report includes some figures and tables from EBCS.
Page | v
Table of Contents
Acknowledgment........................................................................................................................................iii
Executive summary.....................................................................................................................................iv
Table of Figures.........................................................................................................................................viii
List of Tables...............................................................................................................................................ix
CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................................1
1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................2
1.1 Design data and material properties.................................................................................................2
1.2 Design method and Design aids.........................................................................................................4
1.3 Loading..............................................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER TWO.............................................................................................................................................6
2. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF ROOF.........................................................................................................7
2.1 Truss type Roof..................................................................................................................................7
2.1.1 Wind Load...................................................................................................................................7
2.1.2 Design of EGA sheet..................................................................................................................14
2.1.3 Analysis and design of purlin....................................................................................................19
2.1.4 Analysis and design of truss......................................................................................................27
2.2 Slab type roof..................................................................................................................................32
CHAPTER THREE........................................................................................................................................38
3. SLAB ANALYSIS AND DESIGN.................................................................................................................39
3.1 Requirements for effective depth....................................................................................................39
3.2 First floor Slab Design......................................................................................................................39
3.2.1 Load determination..................................................................................................................42
3.2.2 Moment Calculation.................................................................................................................47
3.2.3 Determination of moment distribution....................................................................................50
3.2.4 Moment adjustment for support and field using moment distribution method......................63
3.2.5 Field moment adjustment........................................................................................................67
3.2.6 Reinforcement work.................................................................................................................74
3.2.7 Load transfer to beam..............................................................................................................81
3.3 Second floor slab design..................................................................................................................86
Page | vi
3.3.1 Effective depth of the panels for 2nd floor...............................................................................86
3.3.2 Load determination of second floor.........................................................................................87
3.3.3 Determination of moment for 2nd Floor Slab...........................................................................88
3.3.4 Moment adjustment for 2nd floor slab....................................................................................92
3.3.5 Adjustment of field moment for 2nd floor...............................................................................95
3.3.6 Reinforcement work.................................................................................................................96
3.3.7 Load transfer to beam for 2nd floor.........................................................................................98
3.4 Third floor slab design...................................................................................................................102
3.4.1 Effective depth of the panels for 3rd floor..............................................................................102
3.4.2 Design load of the panels for 3rd floor...................................................................................103
3.4.3 Determination of moment for 3rd floor.................................................................................104
3.4.4 Moment adjustment for 3rd floor..........................................................................................107
3.4.5 Reinforcement work...............................................................................................................111
3.4.6 Load transfer to beam............................................................................................................113
3.5 Fourth floor slab design.................................................................................................................115
3.5.1 Effective depth of the panels..................................................................................................115
3.5.2 Design load of the panels........................................................................................................116
3.5.3 Determination of Moment......................................................................................................117
3.5.4 Moment adjustment for 4th floor..........................................................................................121
3.5.5 Adjustment of field moment for 4thfloor...............................................................................124
3.6 Roof slab........................................................................................................................................131
3.6.1 Determination of moment for Roof Slab................................................................................131
3.6.2 Moment adjustment for Roof slab..........................................................................................132
3.6.3 Adjustment of field moment for roof slab..............................................................................132
3.6 Stair Analysis and Design...............................................................................................................135
3.6.1 Loading...................................................................................................................................137
3.6.2 Design Loads...........................................................................................................................139
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3.6.4 Loading For sec B-B.................................................................................................................146
3.6.5 Design Loads for sec B-B.........................................................................................................148
CHAPTER FOUR........................................................................................................................................160
4. FRAME ANALYSIS.................................................................................................................................161
4.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................161
4.2 Mass center calculation.................................................................................................................162
4.2.1 Weight of ground floor...........................................................................................................163
4.2.2 Weight of first floor................................................................................................................174
4.3.3 Weight second floor...............................................................................................................184
4.3.4 Weight of 3rd floor.................................................................................................................194
4.3.6 Weight of roof........................................................................................................................213
CHAPTER FIVE..........................................................................................................................................220
5.1 BEAM DESIGN................................................................................................................................221
5.2 COLUMN DESIGN...........................................................................................................................237
5.2.1 Check for Sway Mode.................................................................................................................237
CHAPTER SIX............................................................................................................................................264
6.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................265
6.2 Structural Design of Isolated Footing.............................................................................................265
6.2.1 Design of Group 1 Footing......................................................................................................267
6.2.2 Design of Group 5 footings.....................................................................................................274
6.2.3 REINFORCEMENT....................................................................................................................280
Conclusion...............................................................................................................................................282
Recommendation....................................................................................................................................283
REFERENCE..............................................................................................................................................283
Appendix.................................................................................................................................................284
Page | viii
Table of Figures
Figure 2. 1Elevation of Mono pitch roof at 180o...........................................................................11
Figure 2. 2 Dead load on truss.......................................................................................................30
Figure 2. 3Live load on truss.........................................................................................................31
Figure 2. 4 Horizontal component Wind load...............................................................................31
Figure 2. 5 Vertical component wind load....................................................................................32
Figure 2. 6Roof zone.....................................................................................................................35
Figure 2. 7Roof slab Detail............................................................................................................37
Figure 3 1 Moment Determination for one way slab.....................................................................51

Figure 3 2 Slab zonation for strip analysis....................................................................................53
Figure 3 3 first floor moments.......................................................................................................62
Figure 3 4first floor moment after adjustment...............................................................................74
Figure 3 5Second floor moments...................................................................................................92
Figure 3 6 Third floor moments...................................................................................................107
Figure 3 7 fourth floor moment...................................................................................................121
Figure 3 8 Top view of stair case.................................................................................................135
Figure 3 9 Section view of stair case...........................................................................................135
Figure 3 10 Inclined slab of stair.................................................................................................136
Figure 3 11dead load on flight.....................................................................................................137
Figure 3 12 Steps and landing total factored load......................................................................138
Figure 3 13 Reaction at suupport / transfer from stair to beam/..................................................139
Figure 3 14 Shear force and bending moment diagram...............................................................139
Figure 3 16 Shear force and bending moment diagram...............................................................148
Figure 3 17 Section view of stair case.........................................................................................153
Figure 3 19Shear force and bending moment diagram................................................................154
Figure 6. 1punching shear diagram.............................................................................................270

Figure 6. 2 design for flexure......................................................................................................272
Figure 6. 3 punching shear...........................................................................................................277
Figure 6. 4 flexural design...........................................................................................................279
List of Tables
Page | ix
Table 1. 1 load combinations...........................................................................................................5
Table 2. 1 Cpe, 1 and Cpe, 10 values for 180o............................................................................12

Table 2. 2 We values for 180o........................................................................................................12
Table 2. 3 Cpe, 1 and Cpe, 10 values for 0o.................................................................................12
Table 2. 4 We values for 0o............................................................................................................13
Table 2. 5 Cpe, 1 and Cpe, 10 values for 90o...............................................................................13
Table 2. 6We values for 90o...........................................................................................................13
Table 2. 7 qk and Qk values of roof..............................................................................................32
Table 2. 8 Cpe Cpi values of different zones.................................................................................36
Table 3.1 Slabs with intermediate span ratio.................................................................................39

Table 3.2Effective Depth Determination of First Floor Slab........................................................41
Table 3.3dead load calculation......................................................................................................45
Table 3.4 Design load of the panels for First Floor Slab...............................................................46
Table 3.5Determination of moment for First Floor Slab...............................................................58
Table 3.6 Balancing at Support moments......................................................................................65
Table 3.7 Cx and Cy values of Ly/Lx ratio.......................................................................................67
Table 3.8Adjustment of field moment for First Floor Slab...........................................................73
Table 3.9Table of support moment reinforcement........................................................................79
Table 3.10 Table of span moment reinforcement..........................................................................80
Table 3.11 live load transfer to beam............................................................................................82
Table 3.12 dead load transfer to beam...........................................................................................84
Table 4.1Weight of slab for ground floor....................................................................................163

Table 4.2 Weight of column for ground floor.............................................................................164
Table 4.3Weight of partition wall on ground floor......................................................................166
Table 4.4 Weight of beam on ground floor.................................................................................167
Table 4.5 Weight of wall on beam of ground floor.....................................................................169
Table 4.6Weight of shear wall on ground floor...........................................................................172
Table 4.7 Weight of stair on ground floor...................................................................................172
Table 4.8center of mass for ground floor....................................................................................173
Table 5. 1 TTB Floor beam Reinforcement design.....................................................................226

Table 5. 2 4th Floor beam Reinforcement design.........................................................................227
Table5. 3 3rd Floor beam Reinforcement design..........................................................................228
Table5. 4 2nd Floor beam Reinforcement design.........................................................................229
Table 5. 5 1st Floor beam Reinforcement design.........................................................................231
Page | x
Table 5. 6 Grade beam Reinforcement design.............................................................................232
Table 5. 7 Check for Sway Mode in the X-Z Plane.....................................................................238
Table 5. 8Check for Sway Mode in the Y-Z Plane......................................................................238
Table 6. 1maximum load of each group......................................................................................267
Page | xi
Page | xii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1. INTRODUCTION
Construction of a reliable building requires numerous techniques and in depth knowhow of Civil
Engineering. The objective of this project is to be able to make the structural design of a building
based on what we have studied in the past academic years. This paper consists of structural anal-
ysis and design of building of hospital which is G +4 reinforced concrete building located in
ADAMA with site altitude of 1712m.
The structural design of this building involves design of slab type and truss type roof, stairs and
landings, beams, columns, floor slabs, foundation, and analysis of frames.
1.1 Design data and material properties

The assumption here is considered in order to provide appropriate safety and acceptable degree
of reliability as well as economy of building.
Concrete
Class I workmanship and ordinary loading condition is used.
 Sub structure
Concrete grade C-25 Class I
Partial safety factor, γC
γC = 1.5 (Ordinary loading) [EBCS – 2, 1995 table 3.1]
Characteristic strength [compression], fck
fck = 0.8*25 = 20Mpa
0.8∗f ck
fcd = γC
= 11.33Mpa
Characteristic [Tension]
fctk = 0.21* fck2/3
=0.21*202/3
=1.55MPa
fctd = 0.21* fck2/3/1.5
= (0.21*202/3)/1.5
= 1.0315MPa
Page | 2
From EBCS – 2, 1995 table 2.4 & 2.5 Ecm = 29Gpa
 Super structure
Concrete grade C-25
Partial safety factor, (γC)γC = 1.5
fck = 0.8*25 = 20Mpa

0.8∗f ck
fcd = γC
= 11.33 Mpa
fctk = 1.55Mpa
Ecm = 29Gpa
f ctk 1.55
fctd = γ C = 1.5 =1.03 Mpa
Reinforcement steel
fyk =300Mpa
γs = 1.15Mpa
f yk 300
fctd = γ s = 1.15 =260.87Mpa
 Design load
fD = γf fK Where: - fK = characteristic load
γf = partial safety factor for loads
 1.6 for live loads

 1.3 for dead loads [EBCS – 2, 1995 table 3.3]
Design load
Fd=ᵧ*fk
Where: - Fk= Characteristic load
ᵧ= Partial safety factor for loads
1.6 For live load …………. EBCS – 2, 1995 Table 3.3
Page | 3
1.3 For dead load
1.2 Design method and Design aids

Limit state & serviceability limit design method is adopted in this project. The reference
(codes and aids) used are:-
1. Ethiopian building Code standard 1(EBCS – 1, 1995), Bases of Design
2. Ethiopian building Code standard 2(EBCS – 2, 1995), Concrete use of structure
3. Ethiopian building Code standard 7(EBCS – 7, 1995), Foundation Design
4. Ethiopian building Code standard 8(EBCS – 8, 1995), Design of structures for
Earthquake Resistance
5. Ethiopian building code standard (EBCS - , 1995), Limit state Design Aids for
Reinforced Concrete
6. Lecture notes and other relevant book
7. Software, ETABS version 18 Advanced is used for analysis, designing and modeling
the whole building as a 3D space frame.
Finally, we would like to take this opportunity to convey that we have tried to the best of our
knowledge to make the building safe and economical.
1.3 Loading
Since the sit e is located in ADAMA, according to EBCS-8/95, in addition to vertical loading
earth quake loading was considered. The major loading considered are:
 Vertical loading: Dead load (DL) – (self - weight, wall load and finishing load roof load-
ing)
 Live load:
 Lateral loading: Earth quake load in X &Y direction
 Wind load
In general the total loadings make up different combinations which are listed below.
Page | 4
Table 1. 1 load combinations

COMBO Type Case Factor type
COMBO 1 Add DEAD 1.3 STATIC DEAD
LIVE 1.6 STATIC LIVE
COMBO 2 Add COMBO 1 0.75 COMPO
EQPOSLY 1 STATIC QUAKE
EQNEGLY 1 STATIC QUAKE
EQPOSRY 1 STATIC QUAKE
EQNEGRY 1 STATIC QUAKE
EQPOSTX 1 STATIC QUAKE
EQNEGTX 1 STATIC QUAKE
EQPOSBX 1 STATIC QUAKE
EQNEGBX 1 STATIC QUAKE
ENVE X ENVE COMPO 6 1 COMPO
COMPO 7 1 COMPO
COMPO 8 1 COMPO
COMPO 9 1 COMPO
ENVE Y ENVE COMPO 2 1 COMPO
COMPO 3 1 COMPO
COMPO 4 1 COMPO
COMPO 5 1 COMPO
Page | 5
CHAPTER TWO
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF ROOF
Page | 6
2. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF ROOF
2.1 Truss type Roof

2.1.1 Wind Load
Wind as a moving air has an effect on building structure. Wind action fluctuate with time, hence
its effect on different situation and structure should be carefully analyzed.
Wind act directly on the external surfaces of enclosed structures, through porosity of the external
surface, internal surface through opening. Wind pressure act on areas of the surfaces producing
forces perpendicular to the surface of the structure or on individual cladding or covering compo-
nents.
The effect of wind on structures is significant on light and dynamic structures. It does have con-
siderable effect on vertically standing walls, columns and beams etc. Therefore; its effect can be
easily studied on roof structures such as truss structures and flat slabs. Therefore, our analysis on
wind load actions and its design will focus on roofs analysis and design and calculation of wind
forces on flat roofs.
2.1.1.1 Wind load determination
The building is located in ADAMA city where there are some buildings around and it’s
categorized to suburban city.
According to EBCS-1, 1995, it is belongs to terrain category Iv.
The variables for terrain category III are:
 Terrain factor, KT = 0.22
 Minimum height, Zmin = 8m
 Roughness length, Zo = 0.3m
Structural design of a G+6 building at ADAMA the area where the building is going to be placed
has an altitude of 1284.5m, for which its air Density is,
ρ =1.026 Kg/m3 by interpolation ……………. from (table 3.1, EBCS-1, 1995)
Page | 7
i. External wind pressure
External pressure is the wind pressure acting on the external surface of a structure.
According to EBCS-1, Art 3.5.2, the wind pressure acting on the external surface of a structure
shall be:
We = qref*Ce(ze)*Cpe
And the internal pressure acting on the internal surfaces becomes
Wi = qref*Ce(zi)*Cpi
Where: qref = reference mean wind velocity
Ce(ze)= exposure coefficients for external pressure
Ce(zi) = exposure coefficients for internal pressure
Ze & Zi = reference heights defined in Appendix A of EBCS-1
7∗Kt
Ce(ze) = Cr2(z) Ct2(z) [1+ Cr∗Ct ]
 Reference wind pressure
The reference wind pressure (qref) given by
ρ ρ
∗¿ q ref = V 2
qref = 2 vref2 2 ref
Where:- ρ = air density in KN/m3
=density of air for altitude of 1284.5 is 1.026kg/m3
Vref = reference velocity for Ethiopia, Vref,0 = 22 m/s
= Ctem*Calt*Cdir* vref,
= 22 m/s
Page | 8
Since the building is going to be build in ADAMA therefore ρ =1.026kg/m3
ρ
qref = 2 ∗¿ (Vref)2
= 1/2*1.026*(22)2
= 248.292 N/m2
 Exposure coefficient
Ce(z) is calculated as follows:
7 Kt
C e=Cr 2 C t ( z) [1+ ]
C r Ct
Where: Cr(z) is the roughness coefficient as defined in section 3.8.3 of EBCS-1
Ct(z) is the topographic coefficient as defined in section 3.8.4 of EBCS-1
-for the building no escarpments or hills are located around and therefore Ct(Z) =1.00
- The roughness coefficient at a height Z is defined by
For terrain categories 3
 KT = 0.22
 Zmin = 8
 Zo = 0.3
 h=17.5
Cr(Z)=KTln ¿ ¿) , for Zmin ≤ Z ≥ 200
lnZ
Cr(Z)=KT Zo , for 8 ≤ 17.5 ≥ 200
ln 17.5
=0.22*
0.3
= 0.89
Page | 9
Since the topographic of our site is flat,
¿H
, Ct = 1
Lu≈ 0
7∗0.22
Ce(ze) = 0.892 12*[1+ 0.89∗1 ]
= 2.2163
 Pressure coefficients
External (cpe) and internal (cpi) wind pressure coefficients
To calculate the external and internal pressure coefficients, Cpe and Cpei, we divide the roof into
the following zones. The magnitude of the coefficient s depends on the loaded area of the roof.
Different zones of the loaded area are subjected to different magnitude.
 External wind pressure coefficients
The Cpe values are denoted below
Cpe = Cpe1 A < 1m2
Cpe = Cpe1 + (Cpe10 - Cpe1)*log 10 A 1 m2 < A < 10m2
Cpe = Cpe10 A > 10 m2
The roof has two mono pitch with in deferent dimension (in three wind direction 0 o, 90o, and
180o) but we do for smaller one for considering more wind pressure effect which is governing
one because in large cover area expected pressure is lower than to that of smaller one.
Case 1: wind direction ϴ=180⁰
Pitch angle: (α) =tan-1(h/L) = tan-1(1.65/9.4) = 9.96owq
Reference height (Ze=h) = 16.65m
b = 20m
Page | 10
e = min (b, 2h)
= min (20m, 2*16.65m)
= 20m
mi
Figure 2. 1Elevation of Monopitch roof

at 180o
Dividing the roof into zones according to EBCS 1 / 1995 A.2.3
e
=20/4 =5m
4
e
= 20/10 =2m
10
e
= 20/2 = 10m
2
Page | 11
For 180o, α =9.96o
Table 2. 1 Cpe, 1 and Cpe, 10 values for 180o

Pitch angle Zone For Wind direction ø = 180o
(α)
F G H
Cpe10 Cpe1 Cpe10 Cpe1 Cpe10 Cpe1
5o -2.3 -2.5 -1.3 -2.0 -0.8 -1.2
9.96o -2.4 -2.65 -1.3 -2.0 -0.85 -1.2
15o -2.5 -2.8 -1.3 -2.0 -0.9 -1.2
Table 2. 2We values for 180o

Zones Areas(m2) Cpe N
We= qref*Ce(ze)*Cpe
m2
F 17.99 -2.4 248.292*2.2163*-2.4 = -1320.695
G 20 -1.3 248.292*2.2163*-1.3 = -715.376
H 105.60 -0.85 248.292*2.2163*-0.85= -467.746
For 0o , α = 9.96o
Table 2. 3Cpe, 1 and Cpe, 10 values for 0o

Pitch angle Zone For Wind direction ø = 0o
α
F G H
Cpe10 Cpe1 Cpe10 Cpe1 Cpe10 Cpe1
5o -1.7 -2.5 -1.2 -2.0 -0.6 -1.2
9.96o -1.3 -2.25 -1.0 -1.75 -0.45 -0.75
Page | 12
15o -0.9 -2.0 -0.8 -1.5 -0.3 -0.3
Table 2. 4 We values for 0o

W=qref*Ce(ze)*Cpe 2
m
F 17.99 -1.3 248.292*2.2163*-1.3= -715.376
G 20 -1.0 248.292*2.2163*-1.0= -550.289
H 105.598 -0.45 248.292*2.2163*-0.45= -247.630
For 90o, α = 9.96o
Table 2. 5 Cpe, 1 and Cpe, 10 values for 90o

Pitch an- Zone For Wind direction ø = 90o
gle
F G H I
α
Cpe10 Cpe1 Cpe10 Cpe1 Cpe10 Cpe1 Cpe10 Cpe1
50 -1.6 -2.2 -1.8 -2.0 -0.6 -1.2 0.5 0.5
9.960 -2.046 -2.50 -1.552 -2.0 -0.75 -1.2 -0.095 -0.343
150 -2.5 -2.8 -1.3 -2.0 -0.9 -1.2 -0.7 -1.2
Table 2. 6We values for 90o

W=qref*Ce(ze)*Cpe 2
m
F 4.418 -2.207 248.292*2.2163*-2.207= -1214.489
G 4.418 -1.71 248.292*2.2163*-1.71= -940.995

H 35.344 -0.75 248.292*2.2163*-0.75= -412.717
I 99.405 -0.095 248.292*2.2163*-0.095= -52.278
Page | 13
From the above three cases the maximum We value is -1320.695N/m2 = -1.3207KN/m2
 Internal pressure coefficients, Cpi
For closed buildings with internal partitions and openings windows, the extreme values of inter-
nal pressure coefficients are
Cpi = 0.8 for internal pressure
Cpi = -0.5 for internal suction
Win= qref *Ce *cpi
Wi1= qref*Ce (Z)*Cpi1
= 248.292*2.163*0.8= 429.6445N/m2 (pressure)
Wi2 = qref*Ce (Z)*Cpi2
= 248.292*2.163*-0.5 = -268.53KN/m2 (suction)
The net pressure for the roof is therefore is given by
Wnet1 = We - Win
= -1320.695-429.6445 = 1750.34N/m2
=-1.75034 KN/m2 (suction)
Wnet2 = We - Win
= -1320.695 - (-218.53) = -1102.165 N/m2
= -1.102165 KN/m2 (suction)
From the above three cases the maximum Wnet = -1.75034 KN/m2
2.1.2 Design of EGA sheet

Use EGA sheet-400 so the relevant data from Kaliti steel manual
Page | 14
 Thickness=0.5mm
 Width=782mm
 Effective width=712mm
 Weight=3.92Kg/m(for uncoated sheet)
 Moment of inertia=74452mm4
 Section modulus=2720mm3
 Ixx=101295
 Sx=3701
 Purlin =0.9m
L L
 Truss spacing can be taken to where L is the shorter side of the
5 3
roof
9.4 9.4
= 1.88m or = 3.13m
5 3
 Take c/c spacing of truss member as 2.5m
2.1.2.1 Components of load on EGA sheet
Dead load on EGA sheet
Note: Weight of each coated sheet (galvanized sheet) is at least 0.38Kg/m2 (max 0.76Kg/m2)
heavier than the weight of uncoated sheet. Load on EGA-sheet per meter.
3.92 kg
Gk =
m
s2
∗9.81 m
+ (
m2 m2 )
0.38 kg 0.76 kg 9.81 m
+ ∗
s2
0.712 2
=54.01 N/mm2+5.59 N/mm2
=59.6 N/mm2= 0.0596KN/m2
Live load on EGA sheet
Page | 15
As per EBCS-11995 roofs not accessible except for normal repair, maintenance painting and mi-
nor repairs. Therefore, roof category is H. (Table 2.13, EBCS-1, 1995) and for this roof category
the live loads on the sloping roofs are (from Table 2.14, EBCS-1, 1995):
Qk = 0.25KN/m2 (UDL)
0.25 KN
Over a meter length of the purlin: Qk = ∗0.9m = 0.225KN/m
m2
QK= 1KN (concentrated load)
Determining the governing live load:
Effective length of the truss is taken to be the spacing of the truss, i.e. 2.5 m. purlin spacing 0.9m
 For distributed live load
WL2 0.225∗( 0.9 ) 2

M= = = 0.023KN.m
8 8
 For Concentrated live load

PL KN∗0.9
M= =1 =0.225KN.m
4 4
The governing Load is concentration load Qk=1KN
1 KN
Therefore Qk = = 1.279KN/m
0.782m
Case-1, Load perpendicular to EGA-sheet
Pitch angle (α = 9.960)
Gk = 0.0596KN/m2*cos9.960 = 0.0587KN/m2
Qk= 1.279KN/m*cos9.960 = 1.26KN/m
Case-2, Load parallel to EGA-sheet
Gk = 0.0596KN/m2*sin9.960 = 0.0103KN/m2
Qk= 1.279KN/m*cos9.960 = 0.22KN/m

Page | 16
Take maximum load from above two cases for design,
Gk = 0.0587KN/m2
Qk = 1.26KN/m
 Load Combination
Case-1, Under Dead load and Live Load
Pd= 1.3Gk + 1.6Qk
( 1.3∗0.0587 ) KN ( 1.6∗1.26 ) KN
Pd = +
m2 m
= 0.0763KN/m2 + 2.016KN/m
KN KN
= 0.0763 *(0.782m) + 2.016 *(0.782m)
m2 m
Pd = 0.059KN/m + 1.576 KN
We have c/c Purlin spacing which is 900mm = 0.90m
KN
wl 2 Pl ∗( 0.9 m ) 2 0.9 m
M = 8 + 4 = 0.074 m + 1.576KN¿ 4
8
=0.0075KN.m +0.3546KN.m
= 0.362KN.m
Case-2, Under Dead load and Wind Load
Pd = Gk +1.6Wk
Where, Wk = -0.75034KN/m2which is critical Net wind pressure
Pd = 0.0587KN/m2 +1.6*(-1.75034KN/m2)
= (0.0587KN/m2 -2.8KN/m2)*0.782m
= -2.14KN/m
Page | 17
Wl2
M= =−2.152 KN /m∗(0.9 m)2/8
8
= -0.218KN.m
Case-3, Under Dead load, Live Load and Wind Load
Pd = 1.3 Gk + 1.35 (Qk + Wk)
= 1.3*0.0587 KN/m2 + 1.35*1.26 KN /m + 1.35*(-1.75034 KN/m2)
= 0.0763KN/m2 + 1.701 KN /m + -2.363 KN/m2
= -0.0763 KN/m2 * 0.782m + 1.701 KN / m * 0.782m
= 0.059 KN /m + 1.33 KN
wl 2 Pl
M= 8 + 4 =
−1.7986(KN
m
∗( 0.9 m ) 2
+ )
1.33 KN ∗0.9 m
4
8
= -0.182 KN.m + 0.2993 KN.m
= 0.1173 KN.m
= 0.12 KN.m
Take maximum governing moment from three cases, then it become
Mmax = 0.362 KN.m
2.1.2.2 Capacity of EGA sheet
Capacity of EGA sheet – 500 from kality steel manual can be
 Section modulus Sm = 2720mm3

 Allowable stress δall = 160 Mpa
 Moment of inertia = 74452 mm4
Page | 18
Check capacity of EGA sheet
Actual stress, δ = Mmax / Sm
= (0.362 * 106 N.mm) / (2720mm3)
= 133.09 Mpa
133.09Mpa < δall = 160Mpa……………..ok!
Check for deflection
Actual deflection, ∆ all =L / 200
= 900mm / 200
= 4.5 mm
∆ actual = ((5WL4 ) / (384EI) ) + ((PL3) / (48EI))
Where W = 0.0481 KN/m2 * 0.782m= 0.038 KN /m
P = 1.26 KN/m2 * 0.782m = 0.985 KN /m
∆ actual =((5*0.038*9004 ) / (384*210000*79972 )) + ((0.985*103 * 9003) / (48*210000*79972))
= 0.0193mm + 0.891mm
= 0.91mm
0.91mm < 4.5mm………………….ok!
2.1.3 Analysis and design of purlin

 Purlin c/c spacing =0.9m
 Truss c/c spacing =3m
 Height of truss=1.65m
 Pitch angle α = 9.96°
There are three loads to be considered for design of a purlin:
Page | 19
A. Wind load
WL (-ve)=0.9m*-1.75034KN/m2 = -1.575 KN/m
B. Live load
Roof is not accessible for serviceability except for normal maintenance, repair, and painting
& minor repair. Therefore, roof category is H. (Table 2.13, EBCS-1, 1995).
And for this roof category the live loads (Imposed load) on the sloping roofs are (from
Table 2.14, EBCS-1, 1995)
 LL (distributed) = 0.25 KN/m2
Over a meter length of the purlin:
 LL (distributed)=0.25*0.9 =0.225KN/m
 LL (Concentrated)=1 KN
Determining the governing live load:
Effective length of the purlin is taken to be the spacing of the truss, i.e. =3m.
 For distributed live load
wl 2
M=
8
= (0.225 KN / m2 * (3m)2) /8
= 0.253KN.m
 For Concentrated live load
pl
M=
4
= 1KN*3 / 4
= 0.75KN.m
The governing live load is the concentrated live load. Thus, LL= 1 KN
C. Dead Load
Page | 20
Dead load of the purlin: From the Kaliti Steel manual take ST-60 (Square Tube: 60 mm*60
mm*3.5mm) as the first design trial section.
For this section we have:
 weight per meter=5.96Kg/m
 Area of the section=7.59 cm4
 I=39.56 cm4
 S=13.18 cm3
 R= 2.28 cm
DL (purlin)=5.96 Kg/m *9.81 m/ sec2 * 1KN /1000 N
=0.0585 KN/m
 Dead load of the EGA Roofing:
Type: EGA-500 with thickness of 0.4mm with a mass of 3.14Kg/m
DL (EGA roof) = (3.14 Kg / m * 9.81 m/ sec2 * 1 KN/1000 N) * 0.9m
= 0.0277KN
To determine per meter load the weight is divided by width of the sheet
DL(EGA roof): DL= 0.0277KN/0.782m
=0.0354 KN/m
Total DL = 0.0354 KN / m + 0.0585 KN / m
=0.0939KN/m
 NB: The wind pressure acts perpendicular to the surface while the DL and LL are acting
vertically downward.
The above loads (DL & LL) shall be resolved parallel (x direction) and perpendicular to the
rafter so as to check the purlin capacity in the two directions.
Page | 21
I. Load parallel to the rafter (i.e. x direction)
DLx = 0.0939KN/m*sin9.96°
=0.016KN/m
LLx = 1KN*sin9.96°
=0.173KN
II. Load perpendicular to rafter (i.e y direction)
DLy = 0.0939KN/m*cos9.96°
=0.0925KN/m
LLy = 1KN*cos9.96°
=0.985KN
Safety factors for favorable and unfavorable load conditions indicated below are adopted from
section 1.9.4.3, table 1.2 of EBCS, 1/95.
γ DL= 0.9 for favorable condition (permanent)
γDL = 1.30 for unfavorable condition (permanent)
γ LL = γDL= 1.60 for live and wind loads
X- Direction
Wx= 1.3 DL + 1.6 LL
= 1.3*0.016KN/m + 1.6*0.173 KN
=0.021KN/m + 0.2768 KN
Bending moment and shear force
wl 2 Pl
Mx = 8 + 4
W= 0.021 KN /m
P= 0.2768 KN
Page | 22
L=3m
Mx= ((0.021 KN / m * (3m)2) / 8 ) + (0.2768 KN * 3m) / 4
= 0.024 + 0.2076
= 0.232 KN.m
wl 2 P
Vx = 2
+ 2
= ((0.021 KN / m * 3) /2) + 0.2768 / 2
= 0.0315 + 0.1384
= 0.1699 KN
Y- Direction
Case I: Under Dead and Live loadings
Governing live load: Concentrated live loading (determined earlier) Therefore, unfavorable con-
dition is adopted for analysis. (γDL= 1.3 & γ LL = 1.60)
Wy= 1.3*DL + 1.6*LL
=1.3*0.0925KN/m + 1.6* 0.985 KN
= 0.1203KN/m + 1.576KN
The respective bending moment and shear are:
wl 2 Pl
My = 8 + 4
= ((0.1203 KN / m * (3m)2) / 8 ) + (1.576 KN * 3m) / 4
= 0.135 + 1.182
= 1.317 KN.m
wl P
Vy = 2 + 2
Page | 23
= ((0.1203 KN / m * 3m) / 2 ) + 1.576 KN / 2
= 0.18 KN + 0.788 KN
= 0.968 KN
Case II: Under Dead and Wind loadings
 For negative wind load
Wy = 0.9*DL + 1.6 WL (-ve)
= 0.9*0.0925 KN/m + 1.6*-1.7503 KN/m2 * 0.9 m
= 0.0833 + 2.52
= -2.437KN/m
The respective bending moment and shear are:
wl 2
Mx= 8
= (-2.437 KN/m * (3m)2) / 8
= -2.742KNm
wl
Vy = 2
= -2.437 KN * 3m / 2
= -3.656 KN
The maximum values are:
M max= -2.742KNm and
V max=-3.656KN
Class of Cross-section (EBCS-3, 1995 Table 4.1)
 Flange section
C = B- 3tw
Page | 24
= 60-3(3.5)
= 49.5 mm
Tf = 3.5 mm
ε = √ 235 / fy
Use steel grade Fe430 and for t<40mm, yield stress fy = 275 N/mm2 …EBCS3, 1995 Table 3.1
ε= √ 235 /275
= 0.9244
C / tf = 49.5/3.5
= 14.14 < 26ε = 26*0.9244=24.03
= 14.14 < 24.03
Therefore, the element is class- I
 Web with neutral axis at mid depth
d / tw = H-3tf / tw
= 60 – 3(3.5) / 3.5
=14.14 < 79ƹ = 73.03
= 14.14 < 73.03
Therefore, the element is Class-I (plastic).
Checking the section:
1. Check for flexure
Flexural resistance of the section:
Mpl,Rd = Wpl * fy / γmo
= 13.18 * 10000mm * 275 N / m2 / * 1.1
= 3.295 KN.m
Page | 25
Mmax= (-2.742KNm) < Mpl,Rd (3.92)…………OK
2. Check for shear
Plastic shear resistance of the section (vpl,Rd)
fy / √ 3
Vpl.Rd = (A( )
γm
=7.59 cm 2∗100 ¿ cm 2 ¿ ¿
=109.55KN
Vd −3.656
Vpl . Rd
= 109.55
= 0.0334 since , 0.0334 ¿ 0.5 ok! ! !
3. Check for deflection
 Deflection due to uniform load (δ )
δ = 5/384 * WL2/EI
 Deflection due to concentrated Load at mid span
δ = p.l2/48EI
 Deflection in the X direction
Wx = 0.021KN/m + 0.2768KN
3
0.2768∗3
5
δx = ∗0.021∗¿ ¿ + 48∗210 KN −8
384 2
∗39.56∗10
mm
δ x = 2.66 * 10-4 + 6.2473 * 10-4
= 8.91 * 10-4 m
= 0.891mm
 Deflection in the Y direction
Page | 26
Case -1. Wy = 0.1203KN/m + 1.576 KN
5
∗0.1203∗34 1.576∗3
2
384
δ y 1= + 210 KN ∗48∗39.56∗10−8 mm4
210 KN −8 4
∗39.56∗10 mm mm2
mm2
= 5.1mm
Case-2 , Wy = -2.437 KN/m
5
∗2.437∗34
384
δ y2 =
210 KN
2
∗39.56∗10−8 mm4
mm
= -0.0131m
= 13.1mm
The governing deflection in the Y direction which is δ y 2= 13.1mm
√
δ total = ( δ x2 ¿ + √ δ y2 )¿
= √¿¿
δ total = 13.13mm
The recommended limiting value for deflection as per EBCS-3195 for roofs generally
δ max = L/200 = 3000/200
= 15mm
Since 13.13mm(total) < 15(max) ….ok! ! ! ∴ the trial section is safe
Page | 27
2.1.4 Analysis and design of truss
 Load: Load the purlin are
 Wind load: WL = -1.75034 KN/m2 * 0.9m
= -1.575 KN/m
 Dead load: DL= 0.0939 KN/m

 Live load: 1KN
 Load coming from purlin is transferred to tress in the form of reaction.
 Length of purlin = truss spacing (l) = 3.0m
1. Wind load coming from the purlin
Rwl = WL / 2
= (-1.575 KN/m * 3m) / 2
= -2.363 KN (-ve sign shows out ward direction)
This load will be resolved into components in horizontal and vertical plane to make easier com-
putation by SAP 2014. The sign are provided in accordance with global co-ordinate.
Pitch angle, α= 9.96°
Rwlx = -2.363KN * sin 9.96°
= -0.409KN
Rwly = -2.363KN * cos 9.96°
= -2.327KN
2. Live load transfer to intermediate truss from purlin
Governing live load on the purlin LL = 1KN acting at the mid span.
RLL = 1KN / 2
= 0.5KN
Page | 28
3. Dead load transferred to intermediate truss from purlin
RDL = (0.0939 KN/m *3m) / 2
= 0.141 KN
There are other load that act on the truss
 Self - weight of the truss members

 Wight of the chip wood ceiling & ceiling batten
i. Dead load of chip wood ceiling (chip board) properties
 Unit weight, γ = 8KN/m2

 thickness, t = 8mm = 0.008m
 truss spacing = 3.0m
 length of truss = 9.0m
Wt = γ * t* (length of truss) *( truss spacing)
= 8KN/m2 * 0.008m * 3.0
= 0.192KN
ii. Dead load of the ceiling battens
 cross section, 40mm * 50mm

 spacing c/c = 60cm
Number of ceiling battens:
 In the truss direction = 3 / 0.6 + 1
= 6 battens
 In the other direction = 9.0 / 0.6 + 1
Page | 29
= 16 battens
Length of ceiling battens = 6 * 9.0 + 16 * 3
= 102m
Material used: zigba, unit weight = 6KN/m3
Weight of batten = 6 * 0.04 * 0.05 * 102
= 1.224KN
Total load at the bottom of the truss joints
= DL of chip wood ceiling + DL of ceiling battens
= 0.192 KN + 1.224 KN
= 1.42 KN
 No of Joints at the bottom along truss direction= 9 (2 exterior + 7 interior). Therefore:-
Joint load (interior) = 1.42 / 7
= 0.203KN
Joint load (exterior) = 1.42 / 2
= 0.71KN
Page | 30
Figure 2. 2Dead load on truss
Figure 2. 3Live load on truss
Page | 31
Figure 2. 4Horizontal component Wind load
Figure 2. 5Vertical component wind load
2.2 Slab type roof

 Live load on roof
As per EBCS-1 1995
Table 2. 7 qk and Qk values of roof
Page | 32
Roof qk(KN/m2) Qk(KN)
Flat roof 0.5 1.0
Sloping roof 0.25 1.0
qk = 0.5KN/m= uniformly distributed load
Qk = 1.0KN = concentrated load
 Wind load analysis
External pressure (Wext)
Acting on external surface of structure given by:
Wext=qref*Ce (ze)*Cpe Where, Cpe= external pressure coefficient
Ce(ze) = exposure coefficient
qref= reference wind pressure
qref =1/2ῥ*Vref2
Where ῥ is the air density and for an altitude of 1284m (our building is found at ADAMA)
=1.026Kg/m3
Vref=Cdir*Ctemp*Calt* Vref, 0
Taking the three factor which is the directional, temperature and altitude factors unity and given
as Vref, 0=22m/s.
Vref= Cdir*Ctemp*Calt* Vref, 0
= 1*1*1*22m/s
= 22m/s
Page | 33
Reference wind pressure
The Reference wind pressure is determined from
qref =1/2ῥ*Vref2
qref =1/2*1.026Kg/m3 (22m/s) 2
=248.292Kg/m2s2
Exposure coefficient
Ce(ze) =Cr2 (z)*CT (z)*[1+7KT/Cr (z)*CT (z)]
Where,KT = the terrain factor
Cr (z) = roughness coefficient
CT (z) = topography coefficient
Determine the roughness coefficient first:
Cr (z) = KT*… (z/zo) for zmin ≤ z ≤ 200m
Cr (z) = KT*… (Zmin/zo) for zmin >z
Since ADAMA is suburban area with regular cover of vegetation, building or with isolatedob-
stacles:-
KT =0.22
Zmin=8m
Zo =0.3m
Page | 34
Reference height (Ze) = h + hp = 16.65
= 15.00 + 1.65
= 16.65m
Cr (z) = KT*ln (z/zo)
zmin ≤ z ≤ 200m = 0.22*ln (16.65/0.3)
= 0.884
Since topography of our site is that, Ø = H/Lu≈0. This is less than 0.05 so, Ct = 1.0
Ce (ze) =Cr2 (z)*CT (z)*[1+7KT/Cr (z)*CT (z)]
= 0.8842*1.02*[1+7*0.22/0.713*1]
=0.5084*3.356
=1.706
Ce (16.65) = 2.143
 Since our roof is flat (slab) type roof load exerted in wind direction 0o, 90o, 180o
G H I
Figure 2. 6Roof zone
Page | 35
Area calculation
For zone F, A = 2.45*0.98 = 9.401m2
For zone G, A = 4.9*0.98 = 4.8m2
For zone H, A = (4.9-0.98)*9.8= 38.42m2
For zone I, A = (12.05-4.9)*9.8= 70.1m2
External pressure coefficient Cpe
When A≤1m2, Cpe = Cpe, 1
When A≥10m2, Cpe = Cpe, 10
When 1m2<A<10m2, Cpe = Cpe, 1 – (Cpe, 1 - Cpe, 10)logAF
Table 2. 8Cpe Cpi values of different zones

Zones Cpe,10 Cpe ,1 Cpe Cpe - cpi
F -1.2 -1.8 -0.97 -1.77
-0.47
G -0.8 -1.4 -0.39 -1.19
+0.11
H -0.7 -1.2 -0.7 -1.5
-0.2
I -1.2 -1.02 -1.2 -2.0
-0.7
Cpe, F = Cpe, 1 + (Cpe, 1 - Cpe, 10)logAF
= -1.2 + (-1.2-(-1.8)) log2.401
Page | 36
= -0.97
The critical (Cpe, 1 - Cpe, 10) = -2.0
Wnet=qref*Ce (ze)*(Cpe –Cpe)
= 248.29N/m2*2.143 (-2.0)
= -1064.17
 Dead load
Figure 2. 7Roof slab Detail
All unit weights are taken from EBCS-1, 1995, Art 2.4.2
 150mm RC slab roof = 0.15*25=3.75KN/m2

 30mm thick cement screed = 0.3*23 = 0.69KN/m2
 2mm water proof bitumen = 0.002*14 = 0.028KN/m2
 20mm plastered $ painted ceiling = 0.02*13 = 0.26KN/m2
Total dead load on slab = 4.73KN/m2
Page | 37
CHAPTER THREE
SLAB ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Page | 38
3. SLAB ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3.1 Requirements for effective depth
Effective slab depth for deflection requirement can be;
Where fyk - is the characteristic strength of the reinforcement (MPa)
le- is the effective span, for two-way slabs, the shorter span
βa- is the appropriate constant for slabs.
Table 3. 1slabs with intermediate span ratio
Page | 39
3.2First floor Slab Design

Solid slab is one of the edges supported slab type. Edge supported slabs may be one-way or two-
way slabs based on the load transfer direction and span ratio.
Ly
≥ 2One-way Slab
Lx
Ly
<2Two-way Slab
Lx
[
d= 0 . 4+0 . 6 ]
f yk L e
400 β a
f yk =300 Mpa
[
d= 0 . 4+0 . 6 ]
300 L e
400 β a
Le
d=0 . 85
βa

Sample calculation
Panel 1
Page | 40
LX =6m
Ly =6m
Le=6m
Ly 6m
= =1< 2, two way slab
Lx 6m
βa
For span ration of 1 (end span)
βa
=40
[
d= 0 . 4+0 . 6 ]
300 L e
400 β a
Le
d=0 . 85
βa
6000
d=0 . 85 =127 .5 mm
40
Panel 19
For cantilever slab
Page | 41
βa
=10
Le=1.76
[
d= 0 . 4+0 . 6 ]
300 L e
400 β a
Le
d=0 . 85
βa
1760
d=0 . 85 =149. 6 mm
10
The effective depth determination for the rest of the panels are tabulated below
2Effective Depth Determination of First Floor Slab

Table 3.
Panel
number Ly Lx Ly/Lx Ba dmin
1 6 6 1 40 127.5
2 6 3 2 30 85
3 6 4.5 1.33 36.67 104.32
4 6 4.5 1.33 36.67 104.32
5 6 3 2 30 85
6 6 3 2 30 85
7 3 3 1 45 56.67
8 4.5 3 1.5 40 63.75
9 4.5 3 1.5 40 63.75
10 3 3 1 40 63.75
11 6 3 2 30 85
Page | 42
12 6 3 2 30 85
13 6 3 2 30 85
14 9 3 3 25 102
15 4 4 1 45 75.56
16 4.5 4.5 1 45 85
17 4.5 4.5 1 45 85
18 5.8 1.76 3.3 10 149.6
19 14 1.76 7.95 10 149.6
20 3.4 1 3.4 10 85
Take maximum dmin
dmax = 149.6mm, using Ø10 bar and 15mm concrete cover so the overall depth D=149.6+15+5
=169.6mm so we use D=170mm
3.2.1 Load determination

 Dead load and partition wall
Design load of the panel
Pd=1.3DL + 1.6 LL
Dead load of the panel include
 Self weight
 Finishing material
 Partition wall
For Panel 1
Self - weight = thickness * unit weight
Page | 43
=0.170m * 25 kN/m3
= 4.25 kN/m2
Finishing material
 Cement screed =0.05*23 =1.10kN/m2

 Ceiling plaster =0.02*23 =0.46kN/m2
 Floor finish =0.03*16 =0.48kN/m2 ……..terazo tile unit weight=16KN/m3
Total =2.04 KN/m2
Partition wall
Type 1
Length of the partition wall (l)=5.8mPwall= (l*w*h)*γ/(l*w)
Width of partition wall (w)=0.15m
5.8∗0.15∗3∗14
Height of the building (h)=3m =
(6∗6)
Unit weight of the wall=14 KN/m3 = 1.015
Length of the panel (L)=6m
Width of the panel (W)=6m
Partition wall
Type 2
Length of the partition wall (l)=3.31m
3.31∗0.1∗3∗14
Height of the building (h)=3m p.wall = (6∗6)
Page | 44
Unit weight of the wall=14 KN/m3
Length of the panel (L)=6m = 0.386
Total partition load=1.015+0.386
1.401
Total dead load=4.25+2.04+1.401=7.75KN/m2
Live load on the slab= 2KN/m2
Therefore the total design load on panel
Pd=1.3DL + 1.6 LL
Pd = (1.3*7.75) + 1.6(2)
Pd =13.275 KN/m2
For Panel 2
Self - weight = thickness * unit weight
=0.170m * 25 kN/m3
=4.25 kN/m2
Finishing material
 Cement screed =0.05*23 =1.10kN/m2

 Ceiling plaster =0.02*23 =0.46kN/m2
 Floor finish =0.03*27 =0.81kN/m2 ……..marble tile unit weight=27KN/m3
Total =2.04 KN/m2
Page | 45
Partition wall
Type 1
Length of the partition wall (l)=5.8m Pwall= l *w * h * unit weight/L*W
5.8∗0.15∗3∗14
Height of the building (h)=3m =
(3∗6)
Unit weight of the wall=14 KN/m3
Length of the panel (L)=6m =1.404
Total DL = 4.25 + 2.37+1.404
= 8.024
Therefore the total design load on panel
Pd=1.3DL + 1.6 LL
=1.6(2) + 1.3(8.024)
= 13.63
Table 3. 3dead load calculation

Panel no. Self - weight finishing partition total
1 4.25 2.04 1.401 7.75
2 4.25 2.04 1.404 8.024
3 4.25 2.04 1.54 6.84
4 4.25 2.04 1.606 7.897
5 4.25 2.04 0.22 6.01
6 4.25 2.04 0.147 6.44
7 4.25 2.37 0.97 7.59
Page | 46
8
9 4.25 2.04 0.852 7.142
10 4.25 2.04 2.5 8.79
11 4.25 2.04 0 5.79
12 4.25 2.04 0 5.79
13 4.25 2.04 0 5.79
14 4.25 2.37 0.89 6.12
15 4.25 2.37 0 6.12
16 4.25 2.04 2.583 8.87
17 4.25 2.04 3.3 9.6
18 4.25 2.04 0.303 6.59
19 4.25 2.04 1.107 7.4
20 4.25 2.04 0 5.79
Table 3. 4 Design load of the panels for First Floor Slab

Panel Dead Load Live Load PD=1.3 DL + 1.6 LL
1 7.75 2 13.275
2 8.024 2 13.63
3 6.84 2 12.092
4 7.894 2 13.46
5 6.01 2 11.01
6 6.44 2 11.57
7 7.59 2 13.06
8
9 7.14 2 12.48
10 8.79 2 14.63
11 5.79 2 10.727
12 5.79 3 12.33
13 5.79 3 12.33
Page | 47
14 6.12 3 12.76
15 6.12 3 12.76
16 8.87 2 14.74
17 9.6 2 15.68
18 6.59 4 13.36
19 7.4 4 14.42
20 5.79 4 12.33
3.2.2Moment Calculation
Coefficient Method
Maximum moments for individual slab panels with edges either simply supported or fully fixed
are calculated as
Mi=αi*Pd* lx2…………..................... [EBCS-2, 1995, Art 3.2]; where

Mi - is the design moment per unit width at the point of reference
αi - is the coefficient given in table-A-1 of EBCS-2 as function of aspect ratio ly/lxn & support
conditions.
Pd - service or factored uniform design load
Lx - is the shortest span of the panel
The procedure to calculate the moment is shown as followed:
1. The ratio of the actual support moment to the bending moment of fully fixed slab, or the
ratio of the width of fixed to the width of the simply supported part of the edge is
evaluated.
2. The bending moments of the slab are then computed by interpolating between different
conditions……………………. [EBCS-2, 1995, Art 3.3.1]
Table 3.4 coefficient values of different support conditions
Page | 48
Page | 49
Figure 3.1 moment of different support condition
Therefore Mxs= αxsPdlx2
Mys= αysPdlx2
Mxf= αxfPdlx2
Myf= αyfPdlx2
Strip Method
Advantages:
The strip method gives results on the safe side, which is certainly preferable in practice.
The strip method is a design method by which the needed reinforcement can be calcu-
lated.
In this project, we have used strip method for panels with irregular shapes but approximately
changed to rectangle.
Page | 50
3.2.3Determination of moment distribution
Sample calculations
Panel 1
LX =6m
Ly =6m
Le=6m
Ly 6m
= =1:1
Lx 6m
From EBCS 2 -1995……table A -1…..
αxs= 0.047
αxf=0.036
αys=0.047
αyf=0.036
 Mxs = αxs * Pd * Lx2 =0.047*13.275*62 =22.46

 Mys = αys * Pd * Lx2=0.047*13.27*62 =22.46
 Mxf = αxf * Pd * Lx2 =0.036*13.27*62 =17.19
 Myf = αyf * Pd * Lx2 =0.036*13.27*62 =17.19
Panel 14….one way
For one way slab the structural element is designed by assuming the section as a seriously con-
nected rectangular beam.
Page | 51
Figure 3 1 Moment Determination for one way slab
Pd∗l s2
max=
8
2
12.76∗3
Max=
8
Mmax=14.35
MmM cap ≥ M ext
M resistance=0.8fcd*B*d2*ρmax*m (1-0.4ρmax*m)
de=ts-(cover+ Dmin/2 )
de=170 - (15 +10 /2 )
de= 150 mm ………… effective depth
ρmax= 0.75 ρb
ρ b=¿εcu/ εcufyd/εs*1/m ]
m=fyd/0.8fed =34.54
Mcap = 0.8*11.33 N/mm2 *1000mm*150mm2*0.015*34.54*[1-0.4(0.015) (34.54)]
Mcap= 61951901.21 Nmm
Page | 52
Mcap= 61.952 KNm> 14.35 KNm ……… OK
Using the cantilever moment
Negative, Mxs=2/3 Mx =2/3(14.35) = 9.58KN m/m
Positive, Mxy =1/3 Mx =1/3 (14.35)= 4.79KN m/m
 Changing the irregular shape to approximate rectangle
Panel 15
Quadrant area
A=πr2/4= π*4.52/4 = 15.9m2
Approximate rectangle
A=4*4 = 16m2
Panel 16 and 17
Take average = (6+12) / 2 = 9 m
Page | 53
Panel 19 (Cantilever panel)
Take average =(12.73+15.22) / 2 = 14 m
Panel 15…..using strip method
Figure 3 2 Slab zonation for strip analysis
At X-dxn and Y-d
Page | 54
For middle strip
Mxy=
4 8( )
wa 3 a wa a
+ ( )
8 8
2 2
3 wa wa
Mxy= +
32 64
2
7 wa 7 ( 12.76 )∗4
2
Mxy= =
64 64
Mxy =22.33 KN m/m
Based on hillerberg rules
Negative, Mxs=2/3(22.33)= 14.88 KN m/m
Positive, Mxf=1/3(22.33) = 7.44 KN m/m
Page | 55
At side strip
Cantilever
( )( )
2
w a
2
∗
wl 2 4
Mx= =
2 2
wa2 12.76∗4 2
Mx= =
64 64
Mx=3.19 KN m/m
Negative, Mxs=2/3 Mx =2/3(3.19) = 2.126KN m/m
Positive ,Mxy =1/3 Mx =1/3 (3.19)= 1.06 KN m/m
For square panels ( Mxs = Mys and Mxf= Myf )
Page | 56
Panel 16& Panel 17….using strip method
At middle strip
2
7 wa 7 ( 15.68 )∗4.5
2
Mxy= = =34.75KN m/m
64 64
Negative, Mxs=2/3(34.73) = 23.154KN m/m
Positive ,Mxy =1/3 (34.73)= 11.576KN m/m
Page | 57
At side strip
2
wa2 ( 15.68 )∗4.5
Mx= = =4.96 KN m /m
64 64
Negative, Mxs=2/3(4.96 ) = 3.306KN m/m
Positive, Mxy =1/3 (4.96 )= 1.653KN m/m
Panel 18 ……. Cantilever panel
M=wl2/2 = (13.36*1.762)/2 =20.69 KN m/m
Page | 58
Panel 19
M=wl2/2 = (14.42*1.762)/2 =22.33 KN m/m
Panel 20
M=wl2/2 =( 12.33* 12 ) /2 = 6.165
Determination of moment for the rest of the panels are tabulated below
Table 3. 5Determination of moment for First Floor Slab

Panel No Lx Pd Coefficient Moment
6 13.275 αxs= 0.048 Mxs= 22.46
αys= 0.045 Mys= 22.46
panel-1 αxf= 0.036 Mxf= 17.19
αyf= 0.034 Myf= 17.19
3 13.63 αxs= 0.067 Mxs= 8.22
Page | 59
α ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.54
panel-2 α xf= 0.05 Mxf= 6.13
α yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.43
4.5 αxs= 0.052 Mxs= 12.73
12.092 α ys= 0.037 Mys= 9.06
panel-3 α xf= 0.039 Mxf= 9.55
α yf= 0.028 Myf= 6.86
4.5 13.46 αxs= 0.052 Mxs= 14.17
α ys= 0.037 Mys= 10.08
panel-4 α xf= 0.039 Mxf= 10.63
α yf= 0.028 Myf= 7.63
3 11.01 αxs= 0.093 Mxs= 9.22
α ys= 0.045 Mys= 4.46
panel-5 α xf= 0.07 Mxf= 6.94
α yf= 0.034 Myf= 3.37
3 11.57 αxs= 0.067 Mxs= 6.98
α ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.85
panel-6 α xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.21
α yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.92
3 13.06 αxs= 0.032 Mxs= 21.19
Page | 60
α ys= 0.032 Mys= 17.42
panel-7 α xf= 0.024 Mxf= 16.01
α yf= 0.024 Myf= 13.18
αxs=
α ys=
Lift α xf=
α yf=
12.48
3 αxs= 0.053 Mxs= 5.95
α ys= 0.032 Mys= 3.59
panel-9 α xf= 0.04 Mxf= 4.49
α yf= 0.024 Myf= 2.7
14.63
3 αxs= 0.039 Mxs= 5.14
α ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.87
panel-10 α xf= 0.029 Mxf= 3.82
α yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.69
10.727
3 αxs= 0.067 Mxs= 6.47
α ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.57
Page | 61
panel-11 α xf= 0.05 Mxf= 4.83
α yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.7
3 12.33 αxs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.43
α ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.11
panel-12 α xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.55
α yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.11
3 12.33 αxs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.43
α ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.11
panel-13 α xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.55
α yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.11
Mxs=9.58
Panel-14 One way slab
Mys=4.79
Middle stripSide strip
Panel-15 Using strip method
Mxs=14.88 Mxs=2.126
Mys=14.88 Mys=2.126
Mxf=7.44 Mxf=1.06
Myf=7.44 Myf=1.06
Middle strip Side strip
Panel-16&17 Using strip method
Mxs=23.159 Mxs=3.306
Mys=23.159 Mys=3.306
Mxf=11.57 Mxf=1.653
Myf=11.57 Myf=1.653
M =20.69
Panel-18 Cantilever slab
M =22.33
M =6.165 Page | 62
Figure 3 3first floor moments

3.2.4 Moment adjustment for support and field using moment distribution method
For supports in which the slab is continuous there will be two different support moments. The
difference may be distributed between the panels on either side of support to equalize their mo-
ments.
Two methods of different accuracy are given for treating the effect of this redistribution on mo-
ments away from the support. EBCS 2, 1995 article A.3.3.1 No.3 and 4
Page | 63
If the difference between initial support moments are less than 20%of the larger moment only
EBCS 2, 1995 article A.3.3.2 No.1
Sample calculation
Panel S1&S2
Calculated support moments
Mys=22.46kNm Mys=8.22kNm respectively
Difference between support moments
22.46−8.22
= *100 = 63.4% >20% use moment distribution
22.46
Relative stiffness Ks=3I/4Lx =3I/4*6=0.125
Ks2 = I/Lx =I/3=0.334
I /8
Distribution factor Df1 = I = 0.27
+ I /3
8
I /3
Df2 = I =0.73
+ I /3
8
Assuming CCW as positive
S1 Df S2
0.27 0.73
Page | 64
-10.66 7.17
(22.46-8.22)*0.27 (22.46-8.22)*0.73
=-3.845 = -10.395
Balanced moment = S1 = (22.46-3.845) = 18.615kNm
S2 = (-8.22-10.395) =-18.615kNm
Panel S3 &S4
Calculated support moment
Mxs = 12.73kNm Mxs =14.17kNm respectively
Difference between support moments
14.17−12.73
= ∗¿1009.79% < 20% take averaging
14.17
Therefore the balanced moment will be
Mxs=12.73+14.17=26.9/2=13.45kNm for both panels
The support moment adjustments for the rest of the panel are tabulated below
Table 3. 6Balancing at Support moments

Panel Lengt Unbalanced Balanced
No h K DF Moment Moment
S1&S2 S1 6 0.1667 0.667 8.22 Use Distribution 17.713
Page | 65
S2 3 0.3333 0.333 22.46 17.713
S6 6 0.1667 0.667 6.98 17.300
S2 3 0.3333 0.4 8.22 10.024
S2&S3 S3 4.5 0.2222 0.6 12.73 Use Distribution 10.024
S7 3 0.3333 0.5 3.76 4.150
S3 4.5 0.2222 0.5 12.73 13.450
S3&S4 S4 4.5 0.2222 0.5 14.17 Take Average 13.450
S5 4.5 0.2222 0.6 9.22 12.190
S9 4.5 0.2222 0.6 5.95 8.650
S5 3 0.3333 0.5 4.46 4.800
S5&S10 S10 3 0.3333 0.5 5.14 Take Average 4.800
S11 3 0.3333 0.5 6.47 6.725
S6&S11 S6 3 0.3333 0.5 6.98 Take Average 6.725
S7 3 0.3333 0.5 3.76 3.805
S6&S7 S6 3 0.3333 0.5 3.85 Take Average 3.805
Page | 66
S10 3 0.3333 0.5 4.57 4.080
S9 3 0.3333 0.4 5.95 12.830
S11 3 0.3333 0.5 6.47 6.950

S11&S1
2 S12 3 0.3333 0.5 7.43 Take Average 6.950
S13 3 0.3333 0.5 7.43 7.430

S12&S1
3 S12 3 0.3333 0.5 7.43 Take Average 7.430
S20 3 0.3333 0.75 6.165 7.114

S13&S2
0 S13 1 1.0000 0.25 7.43 Use Distribution 7.114
S13 3 0.3333 0.63 7.43 15.787

S13&S1
8 S18 1.76 0.5682 0.37 20.69 Use Distribution 15.787
S15 4 0.2500 0.471 14.88 18.772

S15&S1
S15 4 0.2500 0.471 14.88 18.772

S15&S1
S19 4.5 0.2222 0.719 22.33 22.740

S16&S1
9 S16 1.76 0.5682 0.281 23.15 Take Average 22.740
S17 4.5 0.2222 0.5 23.15 23.150

S16&S1
7 S16 4.5 0.2222 0.5 23.15 Take Average 23.150
S17&S1 S19 4.5 0.2222 0.719 22.33 Take Average 22.740
Page | 67
9 S17 1.76 0.5682 0.281 23.15 22.740
3.2.5Field moment adjustment

Based on span ratio, Ly/Lx; we will find the factors used for adjusting span moments.
Table 3. 7 Cx and Cy values of Ly/Lx ratio
Panel 1
Since the support moment Mxs = 22.46 and Mys = 22.46 then the adjusted moment it needs
adjustment in the larger and the shorter side respectively.
Page | 68
Larger side (Mxs)
Ly/Lx=6/6=1
Cx=0.280
Cy=0.380
ΔM=22.46-18.615=3.845
ΔMxf=3.845 (0.28) =1.0766
ΔMyf=3.845 (0.38) =1.4611
Shorter side (Mys)
Cx=0.380
Cy=0.280
ΔM=22.46-17.3=5.16
Page | 69
ΔMxf=5.16 (0.38) = 1.9608
ΔMyf=5.16 (0.28) = 1.45
Mxf=17.19 + 1.0766 + 1.9608=20.22
Myf=17.19 + 1.4611 + 1.45 = 20.10
Panel 2
Mys changes from 4.54 to 4.15, it needs adjustment
Lx/Ly=2
Cx=0.238
Cy=0.055
ΔM=4.54-4.15=0.39
ΔMxf=0.39 (0.238) = 0.092
ΔMyf=0.39 (0.055) =0.021
Mxf=6.13+0.092=6.22
Myf=3.43+0.021=3.45
Panel 3
Mxs changes from 12.73 to 10.02, it needs adjustment
Ly/Lx=1.33
Using interpolation Cx=0.381 Cy=0.344
ΔM=12.73-10.024=2.706
ΔMxy=2.706 (0.381) =1.03
Page | 70
ΔMyf=2.706(0.344) =0.93
Mxf=9.55+1.03=10.58
Myf=6.86+0.93=7.79
Panel 4
Mxs1 changes from 14.17 to 13.45
Mxs2 changes from 14.17 to 12.19
Mys changes from 10.48 to 8.16
Therefore, adjustment needed
Along Mxs1
Ly/Lx=1.33 Cx=0.381, Cy=0.344
ΔM=0.72, ΔMxf=0.274, ΔMyf=0.681
Along Mxs2
ΔM=1.98, ΔMxf=0.754, ΔMyf=0.681
Along Mys
Ly/Lx=1.33 Cx=0.322, Cy=0.128
ΔM=1.83,ΔMxf=0.59,ΔMyf=0.23, Mxf=12.25,Myf=8.8
Panel 6
Mxs 6.98 to 6.725
Mys 3.85 to 3.085
Along Mxs
Page | 71
Ly/Lx=2, Cx=0.484, Cy=0.248
ΔM=0.255, ΔMxy=0.123, ΔMyy=0.0632
Along Mys
Cx=0.238, Cy=0.055
ΔM=0.005,ΔMxf=0.00119,ΔMyf=0.000275
Mxf=5.337, Myf=2.96
Panel 10
Mxs 5.14 to 4.8
Mys 4.57 to 4.08
Along Mxs
Ly/Lx=1, Cx=0.28, Cy=0.38
ΔM=0.34,ΔMxf=0.095,ΔMyf=0.13
Along Mys
Cx=0.380, Cy=0.280,ΔM=0.49,ΔMxf=0.1862,ΔMyf=0.1372
Mxf=4.101, Myf=3.96
Panel 12 & 13
Mxs 7.43 to 6.95
Ly/Lx=2, Cx=0.489, Cy=0.248
ΔM=0.48,ΔMxf=0.234,ΔMyf=0.12
Mxf=5.784, Myf=3.23
Page | 72
Panel 16
Mxs1 23.15 to 18.77
Mxs223.15 to 22.74
Ly/Lx=1, Cx=0.28, Cy=0.38
ΔM=4.38,ΔMxf=1.22,ΔMyf=1.66
ΔM=0.41,ΔMxf=0.11,ΔMyf=0.16
Mxf=12.9, Myf=13.4
Panel 17
Mxs1 23.15 to 12.83
Mys123.15 to 18.77
Mys223.15 to 22.79
Along Mxs
Lx/Ly=1, Cx=0.28, Cy=0.38
ΔM=10.32,ΔMxf=2.89,ΔMyf=3.92
Along Mys
Cx=0.38, Cy=0.28
ΔM=4.38,ΔMxf=1.66,ΔMyf=1.23
ΔM=0.41,ΔMxf=0.16,ΔMyf=0.12
Mxf=16.28, Myf=16.89
 No need of adjustment for panel 5,7,8,9,11,14 and 15.
Page | 73
8Adjustment of field moment for First Floor Slab
Table 3.
Panel no. Mxf Myf Panel no. Mxf Myf
1 20.22 20.22 10 4.101 3.96
2 6.22 3.45 11 4.83 2.7
3 10.58 7.79 12 5.78 3.23
4 12.25 8.8 13 5.784 3.23
5 3.37 6.94 14 4.79 -
6 5.34 2.96 15 7.44 7.44
7 2.82 2.82 16 12.9 13.4
9 4.49 2.7 17 16.28 16.84
Page | 74
Fi
gure 3 4first floor moment after adjustment
3.2.6Reinforcement work
 Design of Ground Floor Slab
Since there is no loading to applied other than live load (0.5kn/m 2) and dead load compensated
by, excavated soil, the floor designed for minimum reinforcement. The minimum reinforcement
provided for shrinkage and temperature requirement i.e.
ρmin=0.5/fy = 0.5/300 = 0.0016667
Use D= 100mm
Page | 75
Ø 8 mm reinforcement bar
15mm clear cover
d= D- cover – Ø/2 = 100 – 15 – 8/2 = 81 mm
Use d= 80mm
As min = ρmindb = 0.0017*103*80= 136 mm2
as∗b π 8 2 /4∗1000
Spacing, S = = =369.60 mm
As 136
Check Smax ≤ {2D=2*100= 200 mm
350mm Smax= 200mm
Therefore, provide Ø 8 mm bar @ c/c 200 spacing in both directions.
 Design of 1st floor slab
Check for the depth adequacy
Mmax =22.74 kNm /m
µsd =0.295 assuming no of reinforcement
fcd =11.33 N /m
b =1000 mm
√ √
6
d= msd 22.74∗10
=
µsd∗fcd∗b 0.295∗11.33∗1000
d =82.49<150 mm … … … … … … … ok !!!
Slab reinforcement
Minimum reinforcement
Page | 76
0.5
ρ min = =0.00167
300
ASmin= ρ min *b *d =0.00167∗1000∗150 =250.5 mm 2
2
π∗10 ∗1000
as∗b
S= = 4
As
250.5
S calculated =313.53
Spacing max ≤ {2t slab=2∗150=300

350=350
Smax=300
{
∅ main ¯¿ 10
Smin> ∅+ 5 mm=20
20 mm=20
Smin=20 mm
20< S<300 should be
Sample calculation of Reinforcement for first floor
One way slab (panel 14)
Between panel 14 and (11, 12&13)
Mmax =9.58 kNm /m(negative reinforcement )
d=170−15−5=150 mm
Msd 9.58∗10
6
µsd = 2= =0.03758
fcd∗b∗d 11.33∗1000∗1502
d
Zs=
2
(1+√ 1−2 µsd
Page | 77
150
Z=
2
(1+√ 1−2(0.03758)
Z =147.126
6
Msd 9.58∗10
As= =
Zfyd 147.126∗260.87
As=249.604 mm 2< Asmin
2
π∗10 ∗1000
αs∗b 78539.81
Spacing S= As = 4 = 250.5 = 313.53
250.5
Use ∅ ,10 c /c 300 mm
From EBCS-2, 1995
In one way slab bar ratio of the secondary reinforcement to the main reinforcement shall be at
least equal to 0.2
Aρ=20 % (250.5)
Aρ=50.1 ¿ Asmin=250.5
π∗82∗1000
as∗b
S= = 4 50265.48 =200.66
As
250.5 250.5
Use ∅ , 8 c / c200mm
From EBCS-2-1995
The spacing between secondary reinforcement shall not exceed 400mm
Use ∅ , 8 c /c 200 mm
For positive reinforcement
Msd =4.79 kNm/m
Page | 78
d = 150 mm
Msd 4.79∗106
µsd= 2 = =0.0188
fcd∗b∗d 11.33∗1000∗1502
d
Z=
2
(1+√ 1−2 µsd
150
Z=
2
(1+√ 1−2(0.018)
Z =148.57
Msd 4.79∗106
As= = =
Zfyd 148.57∗260.87
As= 123.59< Asmin
Use = Asmin=250.5 mm 2
π∗82∗1000
as∗b
S= = 4 = 200.66
As
250.5
Use ∅ 8c/c200 mm
The Reinforcement work for the rest of the panel are tabulated below
Page | 79
Table 3. 9Table of support moment reinforcement
Page | 80
Support reinforcement
panel between ρ ρmin Ac [sq.mm]S.calc[mm] S.final [mm]
S1 & S2 M= 17.713 0.0031 0.0017 469.607 107.037 Ø 8c/c 100
S1 & S6 M= 17.300 0.0031 0.0017 458.243 109.692 Ø 8c/c 100
S3 & S2 M= 10.024 0.0017 0.0017 261.423 192.276 Ø 8c/c 190
S2 & S7 M= 4.150 0.0007 0.0017 106.937 470.047 Ø 8c/c 300
S3 & S4 M= 13.450 0.0024 0.0017 353.315 142.268 Ø 8c/c 140
S4 & S5 M= 12.190 0.0021 0.0017 319.361 157.394 Ø 8c/c 150
S4 & S9 M= 8.650 0.0015 0.0017 224.947 223.455 Ø 8c/c 220
S5 & S10 M= 4.800 0.0008 0.0017 123.848 405.863 Ø 8c/c 300
S6 & S11 M= 6.720 0.0012 0.0017 174.065 288.774 Ø 8c/c 280
S6 & S7 M= 3.800 0.0007 0.0017 97.849 513.702 Ø 8c/c 300
S9 & S10 M= 4.080 0.0007 0.0017 105.119 478.179 Ø 8c/c 300
S9 & S17 M= 12.830 0.0022 0.0017 336.584 149.340 Ø 8c/c 140
S11 & S12 M= 6.950 0.0012 0.0017 180.107 279.087 Ø 8c/c 270
S12 & S13 M= 7.430 0.0013 0.0017 192.736 260.800 Ø 8c/c 260
S13 & S20 M= 7.114 0.0012 0.0017 184.419 272.561 Ø 8c/c 270
S13 & S18 M= 20.690 0.0037 0.0017 552.162 142.240 Ø 10c/c 140
S15 & S17 M= 18.770 0.0033 0.0017 498.789 157.461 Ø 10c/c 150
S15 & S16 M= 18.770 0.0033 0.0017 498.789 157.461 Ø 10c/c 150
S16 & S19 M= 22.740 0.0041 0.0017 609.682 128.821 Ø 10c/c 120
S16 & S17 M= 23.150 0.0041 0.0017 621.253 126.422 Ø 10c/c 120
S17 & S19 M= 22.740 0.0041 0.0017 609.682 128.821 Ø 10c/c 120
S14 & S15 M= 14.880 0.0026 0.0017 392.078 200.317 Ø 10c/c 200
S14 & S16 M= 23.150 0.0041 0.0017 621.253 126.422 Ø 10c/c 120
S14 & S11,12&13 M= 9.580 0.0017 0.0017 249.613 314.646 Ø 10c/c 300
Page | 81
Table 3. 10TableSpan reinforcement
of span moment reinforcement
panel no. ρ ρmin Ac [sq.mm]S.calc[mm] S.final [mm]
S1 Mxf= 20.220 0.0036 0.0017 539.053 145.700 Use Ø 10c/c 140
span moment Myf= 20.220 0.0042 0.0017 581.465 135.072 Use Ø 10 c/c 130
S2 Mxf= 6.220 0.0011 0.0017 160.949 312.306 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S3 Mxf= 10.580 0.0018 0.0017 276.244 181.960 Use Ø 8c/c 180
S4 Mxf= 12.250 0.0021 0.0017 320.974 156.603 Use Ø 8c/c 150
S5 Mxf= 3.370 0.0006 0.0017 86.702 579.748 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S6 Mxf= 5.340 0.0009 0.0017 137.932 364.423 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S7 Mxf= 2.820 0.0005 0.0017 72.472 693.581 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S9 Mxf= 4.490 0.0008 0.0017 115.777 434.156 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S10 Mxf= 4.100 0.0007 0.0017 105.638 475.827 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S11 Mxf= 4.830 0.0008 0.0017 124.630 403.318 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S12 Mxf= 5.784 0.0010 0.0017 149.535 336.146 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S13 Mxf= 5.784 0.0014 0.0017 207.911 241.764 Use Ø 8c/c 240
S14 Mxf= 4.790 0.0008 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
span moment
S15 Mxf= 7.440 0.0013 0.0017 192.999 260.444 Use Ø 8c/c 260
S16 Mxf= 12.900 0.0023 0.0017 338.471 148.508 Use Ø 8c/c 140
S17 Mxf= 16.280 0.0029 0.0017 430.268 116.824 Use Ø 8c/c 110
Page | 82
3.2.7Load transfer to beam
According to EBCS-2/1995, the design loads on supporting beam and the design shear force of
two-way slab subjected to a uniformly distributed load considering torsion at corners may be de-
termined using the following equation.
Vx = βvx * Pd * Lx
Vy = βvy * Pd * Lx
For analysis to use in ETABS the dead load and live load should transfer separately.
Page | 83
Live
Table Load
3. 11 live Transfer TotoBeam
load transfer beam
Panel Support Shear Aspect RatioLL Lx βVx βVy Vx Vy 0.914Vx 0.914Vy
1 Vxc 0.40 4.80 4.39
Vxd 0.26 3.12 2.85
1.00 2.00 6
Vyc 0.40 4.80 4.39
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 3.12 2.85
2 Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00
2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.44 3.96 3.62
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 1.33 2.00 4.5
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.44 3.96 3.62
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 1.33 2.00 4.5
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.40 2.40 2.19
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 1.56 1.43
Vxc 0.40 2.39 2.19
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.33 1.98 1.81
7 1.00 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
8
Vxc 0.45 2.70 2.47
9 1.50 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
Vxc 0.38 2.25 2.06
10 1.00 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
Page | 84
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85

Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.52 4.68 4.28
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
12 2.00 3.00 3
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.52 4.68 4.28
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
13 2.00 3.00 3
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.00
14 3.00 3.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.00 4.50
Vxc 0.33 3.96 3.62
15 1.00 3.00 4
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 3.96 3.62
Vxc 0.33 2.97 2.71
16 1.00 2.00 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 2.97 2.71
Vxc 0.33 2.97 2.71
17 1.00 2.00 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 2.97 2.71
Vxc 0.00 0.00
18 3.29 3.00 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 2.64
Vxc 0.00 0.00
19 7.95 3.00 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 0.00 2.64
Vxc 0.00 0.00
20 3.40 3.00 1
Type 3 Vyc 0.36 1.08 1.50
Page | 85
Table 3. 12 dead load transfer toDEAD
beam Load Transfer To Beam
Panel Support Shear Aspect RatioDL Lx βVx βVy Vx Vy 0.914Vx 0.914Vy
1 Vxc 0.40 18.60 17.00
Vxd 0.26 12.09 11.05
1.00 7.75 6
Vyc 0.40 18.60 17.00
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 12.09 11.05
2 Vxc 0.52 12.52 11.44
Vxd 0.00 0.00
2.00 8.02 3
Vyc 0.36 8.67 7.92
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 5.78 5.28
Vxc 0.44 13.54 12.38
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 1.33 6.84 4.5
Vyc 0.36 11.08 10.13
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 7.39 6.75
Vxc 0.44 15.63 14.29
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 1.33 7.89 4.5
Vyc 0.36 12.79 11.69
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 8.53 7.79
Vxc 0.52 9.38 8.57
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 2.00 6.01 3
Vyc 0.40 7.21 6.59
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 4.69 4.28
Vxc 0.40 7.71 7.05
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 2.00 6.44 3
Vyc 0.36 6.96 6.36
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 4.64 4.24
Vxc 0.33 7.51 6.87
7 1.00 7.59 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 7.51 6.87
8
Vxc 0.45 9.64 8.81
9 1.50 7.14 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 7.07 6.46
Vxc 0.38 9.89 9.04
10 1.00 8.79 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 8.70 7.95
Page | 86
Vxc 0.52 9.03 8.26

Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 2.00 5.79 3
Vyc 0.36 6.25 5.72
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 4.17 3.81
Vxc 0.52 9.03 8.26
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
12 2.00 5.79 3
Vyc 0.36 6.25 5.72
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 4.17 3.81
Vxc 0.52 9.03 8.26
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
13 2.00 5.79 3
Vyc 0.36 6.25 5.72
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 4.17 3.81
Vxc 0.00 0.00
14 3.00 6.12 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.00 9.18
Vxc 0.33 8.08 7.38
15 1.00 6.12 4
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 8.08 7.38
Vxc 0.33 13.17 12.04
16 1.00 8.87 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 13.17 12.04
Vxc 0.33 14.26 13.03
17 1.00 9.60 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 14.26 13.03
Vxc 0.00 0.00
18 3.29 6.59 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 5.80
Vxc 0.00 0.00
19 7.95 7.40 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 0.00 6.51
Vxc 0.00 0.00
20 3.40 5.79 1
Type 3 Vyc 0.36 2.08 2.90
Page | 87
3.3Second floor slab design

3.3.1 Effective depth of the panels for 2nd floor
Effective depth of second floor panel
Panel number Ly Lx Ly/Lx Ba dmin

1 6 6 1 40 127.5
2 6 3 2 30 85
3 6 4.5 1.33 36.67 104.32
4 6 4.5 1.33 36.67 104.32
5 6 3 2 30 85
6 6 3 2 30 85
7 3 3 1 45 56.67
8 4.5 3 1.5 40 63.75
9 4.5 3 1.5 40 63.75
10 3 3 1 40 63.75
11 6 3 2 30 85
12 6 3 2 30 85
13 6 3 2 30 85
14 9 3 3 25 102
15 4 4 1 45 75.56
16 4.5 4.5 1 45 85
17 4.5 4.5 1 45 85
18 5.8 1.76 3.3 10 149.6
19 14 1.76 7.95 10 149.6
20 3.4 1 3.4 10 85
Page | 88
3.3.2 Load determination of second floor
Load calculation
1 8.23 2 13.9
2 7.3 2 12.69
3 6.29 2 11.38
4 8.23 2 13.9
5 7.24 2 12.61
6 7.36 2 12.77
7 8.48 2 14.22
8
9 6.72 2 11.94
10 8.96 2 14.85
11 6.29 2 11.38
12 6.29 2 11.38
13 6.29 2 11.38
14 10.12 3 17.96
15 6.62 3 13.41
16 6.62 2 11.81
17 11.01 2 17.51
18 7.22 4 15.79
19 7.75 4 16.48
20 6.29 4 14.58
Page | 89
3.3.3 Determination of moment for 2nd Floor Slab
oment determination
M
6 13.9 axs= 0.048 Mxs= 24.03
a ys= 0.045 Mys= 22.53
panel-1 a xf= 0.036 Mxf= 18.02
a yf= 0.034 Myf= 17.02
3 12.69 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.65
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.23
panel-2 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.71
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.2
4.5 11.38 axs= 0.052 Mxs= 11.99
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 8.53
panel-3 a xf= 0.039 Mxf= 8.99
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 6.45
4.5 13.9 axs= 0.052 Mxs= 14.64
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 10.42
panel-4 a xf= 0.039 Mxf= 10.98
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 7.88
Page | 90
3 12.61 axs= 0.093 Mxs= 10.55
a ys= 0.045 Mys= 5.11
panel-5 a xf= 0.07 Mxf= 7.94
a yf= 0.034 Myf= 3.86
3 12.77 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.7
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.25
panel-6 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.75
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.22
3 14.22 axs= 0.032 Mxs= 4.1
a ys= 0.032 Mys= 4.1
panel-7 a xf= 0.024 Mxf= 3.07
a yf= 0.024 Myf= 3.07
Lift
3 11.94 axs= 0.053 Mxs= 6.12
a ys= 0.032 Mys= 3.97
panel-9 a xf= 0.04 Mxf= 4.62
a yf= 0.024 Myf= 3.01
3 14.85 axs= 0.039 Mxs= 5.21
Page | 91
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.95
panel-10 a xf= 0.029 Mxf= 3.88
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.74
3 11.38 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 6.86
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.79
panel-11 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.12
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.87
3 11.38 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 6.86
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.79
panel-12 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.12
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.87
3 11.38 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 6.86

a ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.79
panel-13 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.12
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.87
Page | 92
Mxs=13.47
Panel-14 17.96 One way slab
Mxf=6.735
Panel-15 13.41 Using strip method
Mxs=15.65 Mxs=2.23
Mys=15.65 Mys=2.23
Mxf=7.82 Mxf=1.17
Myf=7.82 Myf=1.17
Panel- 17.51 Using strip method
Mxs=25.85 Mxs=3.69
16&17
Mys=25.85 Mys=3.69
Mxf=12.93Mxf=1.84
Myf=12.93Myf=1.84
M =24.45
Panel-18 15.79 Cantilever slab
M =25.52
M =7.255
Page | 93
Figure 3 5Second floor moments
3.3.4 Moment adjustment for 2nd floor slab
Balancing at Support moments
Unbalanced Mo- Balanced

Panel No Length K DF
ment Moment
Page | 94
S2 6 0.1667 0.667 7.65 18.570
Use Distri-
S1 3 0.3333 0.333 24.03 18.570
S1&S2 bution
S6 6 0.1667 0.667 7.7 17.587
Use Distri-
S1&S6 S1 3 0.3333 0.333 22.53 bution 17.587
S2 3 0.3333 0.4 7.65 9.386

Use Distri-
S2&S3 S3 4.5 0.2222 0.6 11.99 bution 9.386
S7 3 0.3333 0.5 4.1 4.165

Take Aver-
S2&S7 S2 3 0.3333 0.5 4.23 age 4.165
S3 4.5 0.2222 0.5 11.99 13.315

Use Distri-
S3&S4 S4 4.5 0.2222 0.5 14.64 bution 13.315
S5 4.5 0.2222 0.6 10.55 13.004

Use Distri-
S4&S5 S4 3 0.3333 0.4 14.64 bution 13.004
S9 4.5 0.2222 0.6 6.12 8.700

Use Distri-
S4&S9 S4 3 0.3333 0.4 10.42 bution 8.700
S5 3 0.3333 0.5 5.11 5.160

Take Aver-
S5&S10 S10 3 0.3333 0.5 5.21 age 5.160
S11 3 0.3333 0.5 6.86 7.280

Take Aver-
S6&S11 S6 3 0.3333 0.5 7.7 age 7.280
S7 3 0.3333 0.5 4.1 4.175

Take Aver-
S6&S7 S6 3 0.3333 0.5 4.25 age 4.175
S9&S10 S9 3 0.3333 0.5 3.97 Use Distri- 4.460
Page | 95
S10 3 0.3333 0.5 4.95 bution 4.460
S9 3 0.3333 0.4 6.12 14.024

Use Distri-
S9&S17 S17 4.5 0.2222 0.6 25.88 bution 14.024
S11 3 0.3333 0.5 6.86 6.860

S11&S1 Take Aver-
2 S12 3 0.3333 0.5 6.86 age 6.860
S13 3 0.3333 0.5 6.86 6.860

S12&S1 Take Aver-
3 S12 3 0.3333 0.5 6.86 age 6.860
S13 3 0.3333 0.75 6.86 7.060

S13&S2 Take Aver-
0 S20 1 1.0000 0.25 7.26 age 7.060
S13 3 0.3333 0.63 6.86 17.946

S13&S1 Use Distri-
8 S18 1.76 0.5682 0.37 24.45 bution 17.946
S15 4 0.2500 0.471 15.65 20.450

S15&S1 Use Distri-
7 S17 4.5 0.2222 0.529 25.85 bution 20.450
S15 4 0.2500 0.471 15.65 20.450

S15&S1 Use Distri-
6 S16 4.5 0.2222 0.529 25.85 bution 20.450
S19 4.5 0.2222 0.719 25.52 25.685

S16&S1 Take Aver-
9 S16 1.76 0.5682 0.281 25.85 age 25.685
S17 4.5 0.2222 0.5 25.85 25.850

S16&S1 Take Aver-
7 S16 4.5 0.2222 0.5 25.85 age 25.850
S17&S1 S19 4.5 0.2222 0.719 25.52 Take Aver- 25.685

Page | 96
9 S17 1.76 0.5682 0.281 25.85 age 25.685
3.3.5 Adjustment of field moment for 2nd floor
Table 3.17 Adjustment of field moment for 2nd floor
1 21.426 20.47 10 3.83 4.07
2 5.74 3.23 11 5.12 2.87
3 10.02 7.38 12 5.12 2.87
4 12.55 9.01 13 5.12 2.57
5 7.94 3.86 14 6.74 -
6 5.98 3.5 15 7.82 7.82
7 3.07 3.07 16 14.26 14.75
9 4.62 3.01 17 17.78 18.2
Page | 97
3.3.6 Reinforcement work
Table 3.18 Support reinforcement

S1 & S2 M= 18.570 0.0033 0.0017 493.257 101.905 Ø 8c/c 100
S1 & S6 M= 17.587 0.0031 0.0017 466.129 107.836 Ø 8c/c 100
S3 & S2 M= 10.000 0.0017 0.0017 260.784 192.747 Ø 8c/c 190
S2 & S7 M= 4.165 0.0007 0.0017 107.327 468.340 Ø 8c/c 300
S3 & S4 M= 13.315 0.0023 0.0017 349.668 143.752 Ø 8c/c 140
S4 & S5 M= 13.004 0.0023 0.0017 341.275 147.287 Ø 8c/c 140
S4 & S9 M= 8.700 0.0015 0.0017 226.271 222.147 Ø 8c/c 220
S5 & S10 M= 5.160 0.0009 0.0017 133.234 377.273 Ø 8c/c 300
S6 & S11 M= 7.280 0.0013 0.0017 188.787 266.256 Ø 8c/c 260
S6 & S7 M= 4.175 0.0007 0.0017 107.587 467.209 Ø 8c/c 300
S9 & S10 M= 4.460 0.0008 0.0017 114.997 437.103 Ø 8c/c 300
S9 & S17 M= 14.024 0.0025 0.0017 368.845 136.278 Ø 8c/c 130
S11 & S12 M= 6.860 0.0012 0.0017 177.742 282.800 Ø 8c/c 280
S12 & S13 M= 6.860 0.0012 0.0017 177.742 282.800 Ø 8c/c 280
S13 & S20 M= 7.060 0.0012 0.0017 182.999 274.676 Ø 8c/c 270
S13 & S18 M= 17.946 0.0032 0.0017 476.031 164.989 Ø 10c/c 160
S15 & S17 M= 20.450 0.0036 0.0017 545.465 143.987 Ø 10c/c 140
S15 & S16 M= 20.450 0.0036 0.0017 545.465 143.987 Ø 10c/c 140
S16 & S19 M= 25.685 0.0046 0.0017 693.309 113.283 Ø 10c/c 110
S16 & S17 M= 25.850 0.0047 0.0017 698.030 112.516 Ø 10c/c 110
S17 & S19 M= 25.685 0.0046 0.0017 693.309 113.283 Ø 10c/c 110
S14 & S15 M= 15.650 0.0028 0.0017 413.053 190.145 Ø 10c/c 190
S14 & S16 M= 25.850 0.0047 0.0017 698.030 112.516 Ø 10c/c 110
S14 & S11,12&13 M= 13.470 0.0024 0.0017 353.856 221.954 Ø 10c/c 220
Page | 98
Table 3.19 Span reinforcement
panel no. ρ ρmin Ac [sq.mm]

S.calc[mm] S.final [mm]
S1 Mxf= 21.420 0.0038 0.0017 572.581 137.168 Use Ø 10c/c 130
S2 Mxf= 5.740 0.0010 0.0017 148.384 338.753 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S3 Mxf= 10.020 0.0017 0.0017 261.317 192.355 Use Ø 8c/c 190
S4 Mxf= 12.550 0.0022 0.0017 329.043 152.763 Use Ø 8c/c 150
S5 Mxf= 7.940 0.0014 0.0017 206.181 243.793 Use Ø 8c/c 240
S6 Mxf= 5.980 0.0010 0.0017 154.664 324.999 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S7 Mxf= 3.070 0.0005 0.0017 78.937 636.783 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S9 Mxf= 4.620 0.0008 0.0017 119.161 421.829 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S10 Mxf= 3.830 0.0007 0.0017 98.628 509.648 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S11 Mxf= 5.120 0.0009 0.0017 132.190 380.251 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S12 Mxf= 5.120 0.0009 0.0017 132.190 380.251 Use Ø 8c/c 300
S13 Mxf= 5.120 0.0012 0.0017 183.696 273.634 Use Ø 8c/c 270
S14 Mxf= 6.740 0.0012 0.0017 174.590 287.906 Use Ø 8c/c 280
span moment
S15 Mxf= 7.820 0.0014 0.0017 203.015 247.595 Use Ø 8c/c 240
S16 Mxf= 14.260 0.0025 0.0017 375.242 133.955 Use Ø 8c/c 130
S17 Mxf= 17.780 0.0031 0.0017 471.453 106.618 Use Ø 8c/c 100
Page | 99
3.3.7 Load transfer to beam for 2nd floor
Table 3.20 live load transfer to beam
Live Load Transfer To Beam
1 Vxc 0.40 4.80 4.39
Vxd 0.26 3.12 2.85
1.00 2.00 6
Vyc 0.40 4.80 4.39
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 3.12 2.85
2 Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00
2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.44 3.96 3.62
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 1.33 2.00 4.5
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.44 3.96 3.62
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 1.33 2.00 4.5
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.40 2.40 2.19
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 1.56 1.43
Vxc 0.40 2.39 2.19
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.33 1.98 1.81
7 1.00 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
8
Vxc 0.45 2.70 2.47
9 1.50 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
Vxc 0.38 2.25 2.06
10 1.00 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
Page | 100
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85

Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
12 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
13 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.00
14 3.00 3.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.00 4.50
Vxc 0.33 3.96 3.62
15 1.00 3.00 4
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 3.96 3.62
Vxc 0.33 2.97 2.71
16 1.00 2.00 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 2.97 2.71
Vxc 0.33 2.97 2.71
17 1.00 2.00 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 2.97 2.71
Vxc 0.00 0.00
18 3.29 4.00 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 3.52
Vxc 0.00 0.00
19 7.95 4.00 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 0.00 3.52
Vxc 0.00 0.00
20 3.40 4.00 1
Type 3 Vyc 0.36 1.44 2.00
Page | 101
Table 3.21 dead load transfer to beam

1 Vxc 0.40 19.75 18.05
Vxd 0.26 12.84 11.73
1.00 8.23 6
Vyc 0.40 19.75 18.05
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 12.84 11.73
2 Vxc 0.52 11.39 10.41
Vxd 0.00 0.00
2.00 7.30 3
Vyc 0.36 7.88 7.21
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 5.26 4.80
Vxc 0.44 12.45 11.38
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 1.33 6.29 4.5
Vyc 0.36 10.19 9.31
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 6.79 6.21
Vxc 0.44 16.30 14.89
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 1.33 8.23 4.5
Vyc 0.36 13.33 12.19
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 8.89 8.12
Vxc 0.52 11.29 10.32
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 2.00 7.24 3
Vyc 0.40 8.69 7.94
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 5.65 5.16
Vxc 0.40 8.81 8.05
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 2.00 7.36 3
Vyc 0.36 7.95 7.27
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 5.30 4.84
Vxc 0.33 8.40 7.67
7 1.00 8.48 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 8.40 7.67
8
Vxc 0.45 9.07 8.29
9 1.50 6.72 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 6.65 6.08
Vxc 0.38 10.08 9.21
10 1.00 8.96 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 8.87 8.11
Page | 102
Vxc 0.52 9.81 8.97

Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 2.00 6.29 3
Vyc 0.36 6.79 6.21
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 4.53 4.14
Vxc 0.52 9.81 8.97
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
12 2.00 6.29 3
Vyc 0.36 6.79 6.21
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 4.53 4.14
Vxc 0.52 9.81 8.97
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
13 2.00 6.29 3
Vyc 0.36 6.79 6.21
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 4.53 4.14
Vxc 0.00 0.00
14 3.00 10.12 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.00 15.18
Vxc 0.33 8.74 7.99
15 1.00 6.62 4
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 8.74 7.99
Vxc 0.33 9.83 8.99
16 1.00 6.62 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 9.83 8.99
Vxc 0.33 16.35 14.94
17 1.00 11.01 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 16.35 14.94
Vxc 0.00 0.00
18 3.29 7.22 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 6.35
Vxc 0.00 0.00
19 7.95 7.75 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 0.00 6.82
Vxc 0.00 0.00
20 3.40 6.29 1
Type 3 Vyc 0.36 2.26 3.15
Page | 103
3.4 Third floor slab design

3.4.1 Effective depth of the panels for 3rd floor
Table 3.22 Effective depth of the panels for 3rd floor
Panel number Ly Lx Ly/Lx βa dmin

1 6 6 1 40 127.5
2 6 3 2 30 85
3 6 4.5 1.33 36.67 104.32
4 6 4.5 1.33 36.67 104.32
5 6 3 2 30 85
6 6 3 2 30 85
7 3 3 1 45 56.67
8 4.5 3 1.5 40 63.75
9 4.5 3 1.5 40 63.75
10 3 3 1 40 63.75
11 6 3 2 30 85
12 6 3 2 30 85
13 6 3 2 30 85
14 9 3 3 25 102
15 4 4 1 45 75.56
16 4.5 4.5 1 45 85
17 4.5 4.5 1 45 85
18 5.8 1.76 3.3 10 149.6
19 14 1.76 7.95 10 149.6
20 3.4 1 3.4 10 85
Page | 104
3.4.2 Design load of the panels for 3rd floor
Table 3.23 Design load of the panels for 3rd floor

1 6.76 2 11.98
2 7.54 2 13.01
3 7.37 2 12.78
4 7.41 2 12.83
5 6.4 2 11.52
6 7.31 2 12.71
7 8.23 3 15.5
8
9 6.35 2 11.46
10 6.29 2 11.38
11 6.5 2 11.65
12 8.55 2 14.29
13 6.29 2 11.38
14 6.62 3 13.41
15 6.62 3 13.41
16 8.36 3 15.66
17 8.62 3 16.01
18 6.28 4 14.57
19 7.79 4 16.52
20 6.29 4 14.58
3.4.3 Determination of moment for 3rd floor

Table 3.24 Determination of moment for 3rd floor
Page | 105
6 axs= 0.048 Mxs= 20.7
a ys= 0.045 Mys= 19.41
panel-1 11.98 a xf= 0.036 Mxf= 15.53
a yf= 0.034 Myf= 14.67
3 13.01 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.84
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.33
panel-2 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.85
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.28
4.5 12.78 axs= 0.052 Mxs= 13.46
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 9.57
panel-3 a xf= 0.039 Mxf= 10.09
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 7.25
4.5 12.83 axs= 0.052 Mxs= 13.51
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 9.61
panel-4 a xf= 0.039 Mxf= 10.13
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 7.28
3 11.52 axs= 0.093 Mxs= 9.64
a ys= 0.045 Mys= 4.66
panel-5 a xf= 0.07 Mxf= 7.26
a yf= 0.034 Myf= 3.52
3 12.71 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.66
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.23
Page | 106
panel-6 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.72
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.2
3 13.9 axs= 0.032 Mxs= 4
a ys= 0.032 Mys= 4
panel-7 a xf= 0.024 Mxf= 3
a yf= 0.024 Myf= 3
Lift
3 11.46 axs= 0.053 Mxs= 5.88
a ys= 0.032 Mys= 3.82
panel-9 a xf= 0.04 Mxf= 4.44
a yf= 0.024 Myf= 2.89
3 11.38 axs= 0.039 Mxs= 4
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.79
panel-10 a xf= 0.029 Mxf= 2.97
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.87
3 11.65 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.02
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.88
panel-11 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.24
Page | 107
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.94
3 14.29 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 8.62
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.76
panel-12 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 6.43
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.6
3 11.38 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 6.86
a ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.79
panel-13 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.12
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.87
Page | 108
Figure 3 6 Third floor moments

3.4.4 Moment adjustment for 3rd floor
Table 3.25 Balancing at Support moments
Unbalanced Balanced Mo-

Panel No Length K DF
Moment ment
Page | 109
S2 6 0.1667 0.667 7.84 16.413
Use Distri-
S1&S2 S1 3 0.3333 0.333 20.7 bution 16.413
S6 6 0.1667 0.667 7.66 15.493

Use Distri-
S1&S6 S1 3 0.3333 0.333 19.41 bution 15.493
S2 3 0.3333 0.4 7.84 10.088

Use Distri-
S2&S3 S3 4.5 0.2222 0.6 13.46 bution 10.088
S7 3 0.3333 0.5 4 4.165

Take Aver-
S2&S7 S2 3 0.3333 0.5 4.33 age 4.165
S3 4.5 0.2222 0.5 13.46 13.485

Take Aver-
S3&S4 S4 4.5 0.2222 0.5 13.51 age 13.485
S5 4.5 0.2222 0.6 9.64 11.962

Use Distri-
S4&S5 S4 3 0.3333 0.4 13.51 bution 11.962
S9 4.5 0.2222 0.6 5.88 8.118

Use Distri-
S4&S9 S4 3 0.3333 0.4 9.61 bution 8.118
S5 3 0.3333 0.5 4 4.330

Take Aver-
S5&S10 S10 3 0.3333 0.5 4.66 age 4.330
S11 3 0.3333 0.5 7.02 7.340

Take Aver-
S6&S11 S6 3 0.3333 0.5 7.66 age 7.340
S6&S7 S7 3 0.3333 0.5 4 Take Aver- 4.115
Page | 110
S6 3 0.3333 0.5 4.23 age 4.115
S9 3 0.3333 0.5 3.79 3.805

Take Aver-
S9&S10 S10 3 0.3333 0.5 3.82 age 3.805
S9 3 0.3333 0.4 5.88 12.036

Use Distri-
S9&S17 S17 4.5 0.2222 0.6 21.27 bution 12.036
S11 3 0.3333 0.5 7.02 7.820

S11&S1 Use Distri-
2 S12 3 0.3333 0.5 8.62 bution 7.820
S13 3 0.3333 0.5 6.86 7.740

S12&S1 Use Distri-
3 S12 3 0.3333 0.5 8.62 bution 7.740
S13 3 0.3333 0.75 6.49 6.675

S13&S2 Take Aver-
0 S20 1 1.0000 0.25 6.86 age 6.675
S13 3 0.3333 0.63 6.86 15.192

S13&S1 Use Distri-
8 S18 1.76 0.5682 0.37 20.08 bution 15.192
S15 4 0.2500 0.471 15.645 18.292

S15&S1 Use Distri-
7 S17 4.5 0.2222 0.529 21.27 bution 18.292
S15 4 0.2500 0.471 15.645 17.821

S15&S1 Use Distri-
6 S16 4.5 0.2222 0.529 20.27 bution 17.821
S19 4.5 0.2222 0.719 21.27 22.189

S16&S1 Take Aver-
9 S16 1.76 0.5682 0.281 23.108 age 22.189
S16&S1 S17 4.5 0.2222 0.5 21.27 Take Aver- 21.270
Page | 111
7 S16 4.5 0.2222 0.5 21.27 age 21.270
S19 4.5 0.2222 0.719 21.27 22.189

S17&S1 Take Aver-
9 S17 1.76 0.5682 0.281 23.108 age 22.189
Table 3.26 Adjustment of field moment
1 18.22 17.39 10 3.17 3.14
2 5.94 3.3 11 5.24 2.94
3 11.12 8.18 12 6.66 3.72
4 12.2 8.438 13 5.35 2.99
5 7.26 3.52 14 5.02
6 5.94 3.24 15 7.82 7.82
7 3 3 16 11.9 12.45
6
9 4.44 2.89 17 15.3 15.9

4
Page | 112
Table 3.27 support reinforcement

S1 & S2 M= 16.413 0.0029 0.0017 433.917 115.841 Ø 8c/c 110
S1 & S6 M= 15.493 0.0027 0.0017 408.780 122.965 Ø 8c/c 120
S3 & S2 M= 10.088 0.0018 0.0017 263.127 191.031 Ø 8c/c 190
S2 & S7 M= 4.165 0.0007 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S3 & S4 M= 13.485 0.0024 0.0017 354.261 141.888 Ø 8c/c 140
S4 & S5 M= 11.962 0.0021 0.0017 313.237 160.471 Ø 8c/c 160
S4 & S9 M= 8.118 0.0014 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S5 & S10 M= 4.330 0.0007 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S6 & S11 M= 7.340 0.0013 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S6 & S7 M= 4.115 0.0007 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S9 & S10 M= 3.805 0.0007 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S9 & S17 M= 12.036 0.0021 0.0017 315.224 159.460 Ø 8c/c 150
S11 & S12 M= 7.820 0.0014 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S12 & S13 M= 7.740 0.0013 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S13 & S20 M= 6.675 0.0012 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S13 & S18 M= 15.192 0.0027 0.0017 400.567 196.072 Ø 10c/c 190
S15 & S17 M= 18.292 0.0032 0.0017 485.576 161.746 Ø 10c/c 160
S15 & S16 M= 17.821 0.0032 0.0017 472.595 166.188 Ø 10c/c 160
S16 & S19 M= 22.189 0.0040 0.0017 594.167 132.185 Ø 10c/c 130
S16 & S17 M= 21.270 0.0038 0.0017 568.380 138.182 Ø 10c/c 130
S17 & S19 M= 22.189 0.0040 0.0017 594.167 132.185 Ø 10c/c 130
S14 & S15 M= 15.645 0.0028 0.0017 412.917 190.207 Ø 10c/c 190
S14 & S16 M= 21.270 0.0038 0.0017 568.380 138.182 Ø 10c/c 130
S14 & S11,12&13 M= 10.050 0.0017 0.0017 262.116 299.638 Ø 10c/c 290
Page | 113
Table 3.28 span reinforcement
Span reinforcement
S1 Mxf= 18.125 0.0032 0.0017 480.965 163.296 Use Ø 10c/c 160
S2 Mxf= 5.850 0.0010 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S3 Mxf= 11.180 0.0019 0.0017 292.278 171.978 Use Ø 8c/c 170
S4 Mxf= 11.790 0.0021 0.0017 308.621 162.871 Use Ø 8c/c 160
S5 Mxf= 7.260 0.0013 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S6 Mxf= 5.940 0.0010 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S7 Mxf= 2.900 0.0005 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S9 Mxf= 4.390 0.0008 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S10 Mxf= 3.070 0.0005 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S11 Mxf= 5.240 0.0009 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S12 Mxf= 6.660 0.0011 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S13 Mxf= 5.180 0.0012 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S14 Mxf= 5.020 0.0009 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
span moment
S15 Mxf= 7.820 0.0014 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S16 Mxf= 17.960 0.0032 0.0017 476.414 105.508 Use Ø 8c/c 100
S17 Mxf= 15.340 0.0027 0.0017 404.600 124.235 Use Ø 8c/c 120
Page | 114
3.4.6 Load transfer to beam

1 Vxc 0.40 4.80 4.39
Vxd 0.26 3.12 2.85
1.00 2.00 6
Vyc 0.40 4.80 4.39
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 3.12 2.85
2 Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00
2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.44 3.96 3.62
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 1.33 2.00 4.5
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.44 3.96 3.62
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 1.33 2.00 4.5
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.40 2.40 2.19
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 1.56 1.43
Vxc 0.40 2.39 2.19
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.33 2.97 2.71
7 1.00 3.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 2.97 2.71
8
Vxc 0.45 2.70 2.47
9 1.50 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
Vxc 0.38 2.25 2.06
10 1.00 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
Page | 115
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85

Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
12 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
13 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.00
14 3.00 3.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.00 4.50
Vxc 0.33 3.96 3.62
15 1.00 3.00 4
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 3.96 3.62
Vxc 0.33 4.46 4.07
16 1.00 3.00 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 4.46 4.07
Vxc 0.33 4.46 4.07
17 1.00 3.00 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 4.46 4.07
Vxc 0.00 0.00
18 3.29 4.00 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 3.52
Vxc 0.00 0.00
19 7.95 4.00 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 0.00 3.52
Vxc 0.00 0.00
20 3.40 4.00 1
Type 3 Vyc 0.36 1.44 2.00
Page | 116
3.5 Fourth floor slab design

3.5.1 Effective depth of the panels
Table 3.30 effective depth of panels
Panel number Ly Lx Ly/Lx Ba dmin
1 6 6 1 40 127.5
2 6 3 2 30 85
3 6 4.5 1.33 36.67 104.32
4 6 4.5 1.33 36.67 104.32
5 6 3 2 30 85
6 6 3 2 30 85
7 3 3 1 45 56.67
8 4.5 3 1.5 40 63.75
9 4.5 3 1.5 40 63.75
10 3 3 1 40 63.75
11 6 3 2 30 85
12 6 3 2 30 85
13 6 3 2 30 85
14 9 3 3 25 102
15 4 4 1 45 75.56
16 4.5 4.5 1 45 85
17 4.5 4.5 1 45 85
Page | 117
18 5.8 1.76 3.3 10 149.6
19 14 1.76 7.95 10 149.6
20 3.4 1 3.4 10 85
3.5.2 Design load of the panels
Table 3.31 design load of panels

1 6.71 2 11.92
2 7.38 2 12.79
3 7.43 2 12.86
4 7.23 2 12.6
5 6.4 2 11.52
6 7.31 2 12.72
7 6.62 3 13.41
8
9 6.27 2 11.36
10 6.29 2 11.38
11 6.5 2 11.65
12 8.53 2 14.29
13 6.77 2 12.01
14 6.62 3 13.41
15 6.62 3 13.41
16 8.36 2 14.06
17 8.62 2 14.41
18 6.28 4 14.57
19 7.79 4 16.52
20 6.29 4 14.58
Page | 118
3.5.3 Determination of Moment

Table 3.32 determination of moments
6 axs= 0.048 Mxs= 20.6
11.92 a ys= 0.045 Mys= 19.31
panel-1 a xf= 0.036 Mxf= 15.45
a yf= 0.034 Myf= 14.59
3 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.71
12.79 a ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.26
panel-2 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.76
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.22
4.5 axs= 0.052 Mxs= 13.54
12.86 a ys= 0.037 Mys= 9.67
panel-3 a xf= 0.039 Mxf= 10.15
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 7.29
4.5 axs= 0.052 Mxs= 13.27
12.6 a ys= 0.037 Mys= 9.44
panel-4 a xf= 0.039 Mxf= 9.95
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 7.14
3 axs= 0.093 Mxs= 9.64
Page | 119
11.52 a ys= 0.045 Mys= 4.66
panel-5 a xf= 0.07 Mxf= 7.26
a yf= 0.034 Myf= 3.52
3 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.66
12.71 a ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.23
panel-6 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.72
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 3.2
3 axs= 0.032 Mxs= 3.86
13.41 a ys= 0.032 Mys= 3.86
panel-7 a xf= 0.024 Mxf= 2.9
a yf= 0.024 Myf= 2.9
Lift
3 axs= 0.053 Mxs= 5.83
a ys= 0.032 Mys= 3.78
panel-9 11.36 a xf= 0.04 Mxf= 4.39
a yf= 0.024 Myf= 2.86
3 axs= 0.039 Mxs= 4
11.38 a ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.79
Page | 120
panel-10 a xf= 0.029 Mxf= 2.79
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.87
3 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 7.02
11.65 a ys= 0.037 Mys= 3.88
panel-11 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 5.24
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.94
3 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 8.62
14.29 a ys= 0.037 Mys= 4.76
panel-12 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 6.43
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 6.6
3 axs= 0.067 Mxs= 6.64
12.01 a ys= 0.037 Mys= 6.67
panel-13 a xf= 0.05 Mxf= 4.95
a yf= 0.028 Myf= 2.77
Mxs=10.05
Panel-14 13.41 One way slab
Mxf=5.02
Mxs=15.645 Mxs=2.23
Mys=15.645 Mys=2.23
Mxf=7.82 Mxf=1.17
Page | 121
Myf=7.82 Myf=1.17
Mxs=21.27 Mxs=3.04
16&17
Mys=21.27 Mys=3.04
Mxf=10.63 Mxf=1.52
Myf=10.63 Myf=1.52
M =22.56
M =25.58
M =7.29
Page | 122
Figure 3 7fourth floor moment
3.5.4 Moment adjustment for 4th floor
Table 3.33 Balancing at Support moments
Panel No Length K DF Unbalanced Balanced
Page | 123
Moment Moment
S2 6 0.1667 0.667 7.71 16.303
S6 6 0.1667 0.667 7.66 15.427
S2 3 0.3333 0.4 7.71 10.042
S7 3 0.3333 0.5 3.86 4.060
S2&S7 S2 3 0.3333 0.5 4.26 Take Average 4.060
S3 4.5 0.2222 0.5 13.27 13.405
S3&S4 S4 4.5 0.2222 0.5 13.54 Take Average 13.405
S5 4.5 0.2222 0.6 9.64 11.818
S9 4.5 0.2222 0.6 5.83 7.996
S5 3 0.3333 0.5 4 4.330
S5&S10 S10 3 0.3333 0.5 4.66 Take Average 4.330
S11 3 0.3333 0.5 7.02 7.340
S6&S11 S6 3 0.3333 0.5 7.66 Take Average 7.340
S6&S7 S7 3 0.3333 0.5 3.86 Take Average 4.045
Page | 124
S6 3 0.3333 0.5 4.23 4.045
S9 3 0.3333 0.5 3.78 3.785
S9&S10 S10 3 0.3333 0.5 3.79 Take Average 3.785
S9 3 0.3333 0.4 5.83 12.006
S11 3 0.3333 0.5 7.02 7.820
S13 3 0.3333 0.5 8.62 8.630
S12&S13 S12 3 0.3333 0.5 8.64 Take Average 8.630
S13 3 0.3333 0.75 6.64 6.965
S13&S20 S20 1 1.0000 0.25 7.29 Take Average 6.965
S13 3 0.3333 0.63 6.64 16.674
S15 4 0.2500 0.471 15.645 18.292
S15 4 0.2500 0.471 15.645 17.821
S19 4.5 0.2222 0.719 21.27 22.189

S16&S19 Take Average
S16 1.76 0.5682 0.281 23.108 22.189
Page | 125
S17 4.5 0.2222 0.5 21.27 21.270
S16&S17 S16 4.5 0.2222 0.5 21.27 Take Average 21.270
S19 4.5 0.2222 0.719 21.27 24.368
3.5.5 Adjustment of field moment for 4thfloor
Table 3.34 adjustment of field moment
1 18.125 17.31 10 3.07 3.14
2 5.85 3.24 11 5.24 2.94
3 11.18 8.22 12 6.66 6.7
4 11.79 8.51 13 5.18 2.89
5 7.26 3.52 14 5.02
6 5.94 3.46 15 7.82 7.82
7 2.9 2.9 16 17.9 12.45

6
9 4.39 2.86 17 15.3 15.9

4
Page | 126

S1 & S2 M= 16.303 0.0029 0.0017 430.906 116.651 Ø 8c/c 110
S1 & S6 M= 15.427 0.0027 0.0017 406.962 123.514 Ø 8c/c 120
S3 & S2 M= 10.042 0.0017 0.0017 261.903 191.924 Ø 8c/c 190
S2 & S7 M= 4.060 0.0007 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S3 & S4 M= 13.405 0.0023 0.0017 352.099 142.759 Ø 8c/c 140
S4 & S5 M= 11.818 0.0021 0.0017 309.372 162.476 Ø 8c/c 160
S4 & S9 M= 7.996 0.0014 0.0017 207.659 242.058 Ø 8c/c 240
S5 & S10 M= 4.330 0.0007 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S6 & S11 M= 7.340 0.0013 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S6 & S7 M= 4.045 0.0007 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S9 & S10 M= 3.785 0.0006 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S9 & S17 M= 12.006 0.0021 0.0017 314.418 159.868 Ø 8c/c 150
S11 & S12 M= 7.820 0.0014 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S12 & S13 M= 8.630 0.0015 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S13 & S20 M= 6.965 0.0012 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Ø 8c/c 200
S13 & S18 M= 16.674 0.0029 0.0017 441.048 178.075 Ø 10c/c 170
S15 & S17 M= 18.292 0.0032 0.0017 485.576 161.746 Ø 10c/c 160
S15 & S16 M= 17.821 0.0032 0.0017 472.595 166.188 Ø 10c/c 160
S16 & S19 M= 22.189 0.0040 0.0017 594.167 132.185 Ø 10c/c 130
S16 & S17 M= 21.270 0.0038 0.0017 568.380 138.182 Ø 10c/c 130
S17 & S19 M= 24.368 0.0044 0.0017 655.770 119.767 Ø 10c/c 110
S14 & S15 M= 15.645 0.0028 0.0017 412.917 190.207 Ø 10c/c 190
S14 & S16 M= 21.270 0.0038 0.0017 568.380 138.182 Ø 10c/c 130
S14 & S11,12&13 M= 10.050 0.0017 0.0017 262.116 299.638 Ø 10c/c 290
Page | 127
Span reinforcement
S1 Mxf= 18.125 0.0032 0.0017 480.965 163.296 Use Ø 10c/c 160
S2 Mxf= 5.850 0.0010 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S3 Mxf= 11.180 0.0019 0.0017 292.278 171.978 Use Ø 8c/c 170
S4 Mxf= 11.790 0.0021 0.0017 308.621 162.871 Use Ø 8c/c 160
S5 Mxf= 7.260 0.0013 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S6 Mxf= 5.940 0.0010 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S7 Mxf= 2.900 0.0005 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S9 Mxf= 4.390 0.0008 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S10 Mxf= 3.070 0.0005 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S11 Mxf= 5.240 0.0009 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S12 Mxf= 6.660 0.0011 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S13 Mxf= 5.180 0.0012 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S14 Mxf= 5.020 0.0009 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
span moment
S15 Mxf= 7.820 0.0014 0.0017 250.000 201.062 Use Ø 8c/c 200
S16 Mxf= 17.960 0.0032 0.0017 476.414 105.508 Use Ø 8c/c 100
S17 Mxf= 15.340 0.0027 0.0017 404.600 124.235 Use Ø 8c/c 120
Page | 128

1 Vxc 0.40 4.80 4.39
Vxd 0.26 3.12 2.85
1.00 2.00 6
Vyc 0.40 4.80 4.39
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 3.12 2.85
2 Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00
2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.44 3.96 3.62
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 1.33 2.00 4.5
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.44 3.96 3.62
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 1.33 2.00 4.5
Vyc 0.36 3.24 2.96
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 2.16 1.97
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.40 2.40 2.19
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 1.56 1.43
Vxc 0.40 2.39 2.19
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.33 2.97 2.71
7 1.00 3.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 2.97 2.71
8
Vxc 0.45 2.70 2.47
9 1.50 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
Vxc 0.38 2.25 2.06
10 1.00 2.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 1.98 1.81
Page | 129
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85

Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
12 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.52 3.12 2.85
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
13 2.00 2.00 3
Vyc 0.36 2.16 1.97
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 1.44 1.32
Vxc 0.00
14 3.00 3.00 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.00 4.50
Vxc 0.33 3.96 3.62
15 1.00 3.00 4
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 3.96 3.62
Vxc 0.33 2.97 2.71
16 1.00 2.00 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 2.97 2.71
Vxc 0.33 2.97 2.71
17 1.00 2.00 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 2.97 2.71
Vxc 0.00 0.00
18 3.29 4.00 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 3.52
Vxc 0.00 0.00
19 7.95 4.00 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 0.00 3.52
Vxc 0.00 0.00
20 3.40 4.00 1
Type 3 Vyc 0.36 1.44 2.00
Page | 130
Table 3.38 dead load transfer
DEAD Load Transfer To Beam
1 Vxc 0.40 16.10 14.72
Vxd 0.26 10.47 9.57
1.00 6.71 6
Vyc 0.40 16.10 14.72
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 10.47 9.57
2 Vxc 0.52 11.51 10.52
Vxd 0.00 0.00
2.00 7.38 3
Vyc 0.36 7.97 7.28
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 5.31 4.86
Vxc 0.44 14.71 13.45
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 1.33 7.43 4.5
Vyc 0.36 12.04 11.00
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 8.02 7.33
Vxc 0.44 14.32 13.08
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 1.33 7.23 4.5
Vyc 0.36 11.71 10.71
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 7.81 7.14
Vxc 0.52 9.98 9.13
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 2.00 6.40 3
Vyc 0.40 7.68 7.02
Type 4 Vyd 0.26 4.99 4.56
Vxc 0.40 8.75 8.00
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 2.00 7.31 3
Vyc 0.36 7.89 7.22
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 5.26 4.81
Vxc 0.33 6.55 5.99
7 1.00 6.62 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 6.55 5.99
8
Vxc 0.45 8.46 7.74
9 1.50 6.27 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 6.21 5.67
Vxc 0.38 7.08 6.47
10 1.00 6.29 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 6.23 5.69
Page | 131
Vxc 0.52 10.14 9.27

Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 2.00 6.50 3
Vyc 0.36 7.02 6.42
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 4.68 4.28
Vxc 0.52 13.31 12.16
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
12 2.00 8.53 3
Vyc 0.36 9.21 8.42
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 6.14 5.61
Vxc 0.52 10.56 9.65
Vxd 0.00 0.00 0.00
13 2.00 6.77 3
Vyc 0.36 7.31 6.68
Type 2 Vyd 0.24 4.87 4.46
Vxc 0.00 0.00
14 3.00 6.62 3
Type 1 Vyc 0.00 9.93
Vxc 0.33 8.74 7.99
15 1.00 6.62 4
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 8.74 7.99
Vxc 0.33 12.41 11.35
16 1.00 8.36 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 12.41 11.35
Vxc 0.33 12.80 11.70
17 1.00 8.62 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 12.80 11.70
Vxc 0.00 0.00
18 3.29 6.28 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 5.53
Vxc 0.00 0.00
19 7.95 7.79 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 0.00 6.86
Vxc 0.00 0.00
20 3.40 6.92 1
Type 3 Vyc 0.36 2.49 3.46
Page | 132
3.6 Roof slab
Thickness of roof slab=15cm
Dead load on the panels= 4.73 kN/m2
Live load on the panels= 0.5 kN/m2
Wind load on the panels= -1.064 kN/m2
Design load of the panel
Pd=1.3DL + 1.35( LL + WL )
Pd =1.3*4.73+1.35(0.5-1.064)
Pd =6.149-0.7614
Pd=5.388 kN/m2
3.6.1 Determination of moment for Roof Slab
Table 3.39 moments for roof slab

Mxs=6.28 Mxs=0.898
Mys=6.28 Mys=0.898
Mxf=3.14 Mxf=0.449
Myf=3.14 Myf=0.449
Mxs=7.95 Mxs=1.13
16&17
Mys=7.95 Mys=1.13
Mxf=3.97 Mxf=0.56
Myf=3.97 Myf=0.56
M =8.34
Page | 133
M =8.34

M =2.69
3.6.2 Moment adjustment for Roof slab
Table 3.40 balancing at support moments

Balancing at Support moments
Unbalanc
Panel No Length K DF Balanced Moment
ed
S15 4 0.2500 0.47059 Moment
6.28 7.066
S15 4 0.2500 0.47059 6.28 7.066
S17 4.5 0.2222 0.5 7.95 7.950
S16&S17 S16 4.5 0.2222 0.5 7.95 Take Average 7.950
3.6.3 Adjustment of field moment for roof slab
Table 3.41 adjustment of field moment for roof slab
Panel no. Mxf Myf
15 3.42 3.47
16 4.33 4.19
17 4.85 4.93
Page | 134

S15 & S16 M= 7.066 0.0016 0.0017 216.667 362.491 Ø 10c/c 300
S15 & S17 M= 7.066 0.0016 0.0017 216.667 362.491 Ø 10c/c 300
S16 & S17 M= 7.950 0.0018 0.0017 239.512 327.917 Ø 10c/c 300
S16 & S19 M= 8.340 0.0019 0.0017 251.535 312.242 Ø 10c/c 300
S17 & S19 M= 8.340 0.0019 0.0017 251.535 312.242 Ø 10c/c 300
panel 18 M= 8.340 0.0019 0.0017 251.535 312.242 Ø 10c/c 300
panel 20 M= 2.690 0.0006 0.0017 216.667 362.491 Ø 10c/c 300
Span reinforcement

S15 Mxf= 3.140 0.0007 0.0017 216.667 231.995Use Ø 8c/c 230
span moment Myf= 3.140 0.0007 0.0017 216.667 231.995Use Ø 8 c/c 230
S16 Mxf= 3.970 0.0009 0.0017 216.667 231.995Use Ø 8c/c 230
S17 Mxf= 3.970 0.0009 0.0017 216.667 231.995Use Ø 8c/c 230
Page | 135

Vxc 0.33 0.66 0.60
15 1.00 0.50 4
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 0.66 0.60
Vxc 0.33 0.74 0.68
16 1.00 0.50 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 0.74 0.68
Vxc 0.33 0.74 0.68
17 1.00 0.50 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 0.74 0.68
Vxc 0.00 0.00
18 3.29 0.50 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 2.64
Vxc 0.00 0.00
19 7.95 0.50 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 0.00 2.64
Vxc 0.00 0.00
20 3.40 0.50 1
Type 3 Vyc 0.36 0.18 1.50
Table 3.45 dead load transfer to beam

DEAD Load Transfer To Beam
Panel Support Shear Aspect Ratio
DL Lx βVx βVy Vx Vy 0.914Vx 0.914Vy
Vxc 0.33 6.24 5.71
15 1.00 4.73 4
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 6.24 5.71
Vxc 0.33 7.02 6.42
16 1.00 4.73 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 7.02 6.42
Vxc 0.33 7.02 6.42
17 1.00 4.73 4.5
Type 1 Vyc 0.33 7.02 6.42
Vxc 0.00 0.00
18 3.29 4.73 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 5.80
Vxc 0.00 0.00
19 7.95 4.73 1.76
Type 3 Vyc 0.00 6.51
Vxc 0.00 0.00
20 3.40 4.73 1
Type 3 Vyc 0.36 1.70 2.90
Page | 136
3.6 Stair Analysis and Design

All stair flights in the building are of similar type and dimension. Each flight repeats itself in re-
versed direction each time up to the top story.
Figure 3 8Top view of stair case

From ground to first floor
Sec A-A
Figure 3 9Section view of stair case
Page | 137
From serviceability requirement:-
Minimum effective depth for deflection
dmin>= (0.4+0.6fy/400)le/βa
where
βa(for simple support and one way slab)=25
le = 212.7 + 77.3 = 290cm = 2.90m
d >= (0.4 + 0.6*fyk/400)*le/ßa
= (0.4 + 0.6*300/400)*2.9/25
d = 0.0986m = 98.6mm
D= 98.6+12/2+15= 119.6mm
Take D=150mm ==> d=129 mm
b= 1.1m
Actual length of inclined slab = √(2.1272 + 0.92) = 2.276m
Figure 3 10Inclined slab of stair
Page | 138
3.6.1 Loading
 Dead Load
Load on Flight
 DL(wt.of waist) = 2.276*1.1*0.15*25/2.127 = 4.414KN/m
 DL(wt.of steps) = 6*(0.5*0.15*0.3)*1.1*25/2.127 = 2.036KN/m
 DL(wt. of 2cm cement screed) = 6*((0.15+0.3)*1.1*0.02)*23/2.127= 0.75KN/m

 DL(wt. of floor finish ) = 6*((0.02+0.3)*1.1*0.03)*27/2.276=
0.312KN/m
Total load = 4.414+ 2.036+0.75+ 0.312 = 7.51KN/m
Figure 3 11dead load on flight

Load on Landing
 DL(self-wt.) = 1.1m*0.15*25 = 4.125 KN/m
 DL(wt. of 3cm floor finish) = 1.1*0.03*27 = 0.626 KN/m
Page | 139
 DL(wt. of 2cm cement screed) = 1.1*0.02*23 = 0.35KN/m
 DL(wt. of 2cm plastering) = 1.1*0.02*23 = 0.35KN/m
Total load = 4.125 + 0.626 + 0.35 + 0.35 = 4.24KN/m
A. Live Load
Live load on flight =3KN/m2*1.1m*2.276/2.127=3.3KN/m
Live load on landing =3KN/m2*1.1gm = 2.32KN/m
B. Design load (factored uniform load)
1. Flight=1.3DL +1.6LL
=1.3*7.51 + 1.6*3.3 =15.043KN/m
2. Landing=1.3DL +1.6LL
=1.3*4.24 + 1.6*2.32 =9.22KN/m

Maximum moment occurs at the point of zero shear force.
Figure 3 12Steps and landing total factored load
Page | 140
Figure 3 13Reaction at suupport / transfer from stair to beam/
Figure 3 14Shear force and bending moment diagram

3.6.2 Design Loads
 Design moment
Span moment = 14.96 KN-m
 Design shear
Support A = 21.23 KN
Support B = 17.9 KN
Page | 141
i. Check for Deflection
5 W L4
∆ max =
384 EI
Where:-W= Total un-factored design load = 7.51+4.24+ 3.3+2.32 = 10.81 KN/m
L=length of stair = 2900m
E=29GPa
W ¿ (thickness of waist )3 1.1∗0.153 4

I= = =0.0003094 m
12 12
∆ max = 5*10.81*103* 29004/384*29*109*0.0003094
= 0.000321m = 0.321mm
4
5∗12.15∗6.15 ∗1000
∆ max = 4 9
=0.022472 m=22.472 mm According to EBCS-2 , 1995 sec. 5.2.2.
384∗29∗0.000 3 ∗10
The final deflection shall not be exceeded the value
Le
σ= Where Le effective length
200
Le= 2900 mm
2900
σ= = 10.635mm
200
Hence, ∆ max =0.321mm< 10.635 mm … … … … .Ok !∆ max =22.472mm< σ all =30.75 mm OK !
ii. Check Shear Capacity (Resistance)
νC =0.25 f ctd k 1 k 2 bwd
Page | 142
fctd, for C-25 f ctd =1.032MPa=1032KPa
Where, k 1 =1+50 ρ
0.5 0.5
Where ρmin = = =0.0017
f yk 300
K1 =1+ (50*.0017) = 1.085
d = 129mm
k2= 1.6 - d = 1.6 - 0.129 = 1.471mm
k 2=1.6−d=1.6−0.119=1.481bw=1.1m
Vc= 0.25*1032*1.085*1.471*1.1*0.129 =58.43KN
Vc=58.43KN>Vsd,max=21.23KN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OK!
iii. Check for flexure

Check the trial thickness for flexure
Mcap ≥ Mi
Mi=maximum moment
Mcap=0.8*fcd*B*d2* ρmax *m (1-0.4 ρmax *m) ≥ Mi
dreq
√ Mi
0.8∗f cd∗B∗ρmax∗m(1−0.4 ρmax∗m)
≥
Where
 Mi = 14.96KNm
 fcd =11.33mpa
 B=1000mm
fyd 260.87
 M= 0.8∗fcd = 0.8∗11.33 =28.78
 ρmax =0.75∗ρb , εcu=0.0035
Page | 143
[( ) ]
εcu
∗1
fyd 260.87 mpa
=0.75 εcu+ εs = 200 Gpa =1.304*10-3
fyd
εs=
m Es
[
=0.75 0.0035+ 0.001304 )
(
]
0.0035
∗1
28.78
ρmax =0.0189
0.5
 ρmin = fyk = 0.5/300 = 0.00167
√
6
14.96 Nmm∗10
Hence, dreq=
0.8∗11.33∗1000∗0.0189∗28.78(1−0.4∗0.0189∗28.78)
=62.27mm
Ø
D provided =D- - cover, use Ø=12 mm ¯¿
2
12
=150− −25
2
=119mm
Since, dprovided¿dreqso,the section satisfies flexural requirement
Therefore Mcap¿MExt
Provide reinforcement
Positive(bottom) reinforcement
As = ρ *b*d
−Ø
d=D −¿Cover
2
Page | 144
12
=150- - 25
2
=119mm
 ρ=
1
2[ √
C 1− C 12−
4 Mext
C 2∗b∗d
2 ]
 m =fcd/0.8fyd
2.5 2.5
 C1= = =0.087
m 28.78
 C2=0.32*fcd*m2
=0.32*11.33*28.782=3003.04
 Mext = Mi = 14.96*106Nmm
ρ=
1
2[ √
0.087− 0.0872−
4∗14.96∗10 6
3003.04∗1000∗119
2 ]
ρ = 0.00425
ρmin ≤ ρ ≤ ρmax
0.00167¿ ρ<¿ 0.0189………………ok
Therefore, As= ρ *b*d
=0.00425*1000*119
=505.89mm2
Spacing
as∗B π Ø 2 3.14∗122
S= As , as= = =113.04mm2
4 4
113.04∗1000
= 505.89
=223.44 ≈ 220mm
 Smax=min 2*D=2*150=300,Smax=300mm
Page | 145
350
 Smin=20mm
Therefore, Smin≤S≤Smax
20mm¿S¿300mm………………………..ok
Provide Ø12mm bar @220mm c/c placed at bottom in the direction of flight.
Negative /top/ reinforcement
At discontinuous support Nominal top reinforcement /steel/ about half of the positive reinforce-
ment /steel/ but using Smax
Provide Ø12mm bar @300mm c/c placed at top in the direction of flight
Secondary Reinforcement in the direction of step
According to EBCS-2, 1995 sec. 7.2.2.2., the ratio of the secondary reinforcement to the main re-
inforcement shall be at least equal to 0.2.
Thus, the transverse reinforcement:
{
( 0.2∗505.89 )
0.2∗A S ( main ) /w= =91.98 mm2
1.1
AS 0.5∗( b∗d ) 0.5∗( 1000∗129 )
A S (min❑ )= = =215mm 2
fyk 300
¿
Space of bar
as∗B
S= , as for Ø10mm = 78.5mm2
As
78.5∗1000
= = 365.11 mm ≈(use 300mm)
215 mm2
Provide 10mm bar @300mmc/c placed at bottom in the direction of steps

3.6.3 Load transform from stair to the corresponding beams
Page | 146
Reaction force at support A,RA= 21.23KN

Reaction force at support B, RB= 17.9KN
Sec B-B
Figure 3.13 Section view of stair case
From serviceability requirement:-
Minimum effective depth for deflection
dmin>= (0.4+0.6fy/400)le/βa
Where
βa(for simple support and one way slab)=25
le = 4.064m
d >= (0.4 + 0.6*fyk/400)*le/ßa
Page | 147
= (0.4 + 0.6*300/400)*4.064/25
d = 0.138m = 138 mm
D= 138+12/2+15= 159mm
Take D=160mm ==> d=139 mm
To make the depth the same as the rest of the slabs and avoid tipping effect,
twaist = D = 160mm b= 0.773m
Actual length of inclined slab = √(1.82 + 0.92) = 2.01m
3.6.4 Loading For sec B-B

 Dead Load
Load on Flight
 DL(wt.of waist) = 2.01 *0.773*0.16*25/1.8 = 3.45KN/m
 DL(wt.of steps) = 6*(0.5*0.15*0.3)*0.773*25/1.8 = 1.45KN/m
 DL(wt. of 2cm cement screed) = 6*((0.15+0.3)*0.773*0.02)*23/1.8=

0.533KN/m
 DL(wt. of floor finish ) = 6*((0.02+0.3)*0.773*0.03)*27/1.8=
0.66KN/m
Total load = 3.45+ 1.45+0.533+ 0.66 = 6.093KN/m
Load on Landing
 DL(self-wt.) = 0.773m*0.16*25 = 3.09 KN/m
 DL(wt. of 3cm floor finish) = 0.773*0.03*27 = 0.626 KN/m
Page | 148
 DL(wt. of 2cm cement screed) = 0.773*0.02*23 = 0.355KN/m
 DL(wt. of 2cm plastering) = 0.773*0.02*23 = 0.355KN/m
Total load = 3.09 + 0.626 + 0.355 + 0.355 = 4.416KN/m
C. Live Load
Live load on flight =3KN/m2*0.773m*2.01/1.8 =2.59KN/m
Live load on landing =3KN/m2*0.773m = 2.32KN/m
D. Design load (factored uniform load)
1. Flight=1.3DL +1.6LL
=1.3*6.094 + 1.6*2.59 =12.066KN/m
2. Landing=1.3DL +1.6LL
=1.3*4.41 + 1.6*2.32 =9.445KN/m

Maximum moment occurs at the point of zero shear force.
Page | 149
Figure 3 15 Steps and landing total factored load

3.6.5 Design Loads for sec B-B
Design moment
Page | 150
Design shear
Support A = 21.25 KN
Support B = -21.25 KN
iv. Check for Deflection
5 W L4
∆ max =
384 EI
Where:-W=Flight un-factored design load = 6.09+ 2.59+(4.4+2.32)*2 = 22.12 KN/m
L=length of stair = 4m
E=29GPa
W ¿ (thickness of waist )3 0.773∗0.163 4

I= = =0.000264 m
12 12
∆ max= 5*22.12*103* 44/384*29*109*0.000264
= 0.00963m = 9.63mm
5∗12.15∗6.15 4∗1000
∆ max = 4 9
=0.022472 m=22.472 mm According to EBCS-2 , 1995 sec. 5.2.2.
384∗29∗0.000 3 ∗10
The final deflection shall not be exceeded the value
Le
σ= Where Le effective length
200
Le= 4000 mm
4000
σ= = 20mm
200
Page | 151
Hence, ∆ max =9.63 mm<20 mm … … … … . Ok !∆ max =22.472mm< σ all =30.75 mm OK !
v. Check Shear Capacity (Resistance)

νC =0.25 f ctd k 1 k 2 bwd
fctd, for C-25 f ctd =1.032MPa=1032KPa
Where, k 1 =1+50 ρ
0.5 0.5
Where ρmin = = =0.0017
f yk 300
K1 =1+ (50*.0017) = 1.085
d = 139mm
k2= 1.6 - d = 1.6 - 0.139 = 1.461mm
k 2=1.6−d=1.6−0.119=1.481bw=0.773m
Vc= 0.25*1032*1.085*1.461*0.773*0.139 =43.95KN
Vc=43.95KN>Vsd,max=21.25KN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OK!
vi. Check for flexure

Check the trial thickness for flexure
Mcap ≥ Mi
Mi=maximum moment
Mcap=0.8*fcd*B*d2* ρmax *m (1-0.4 ρmax *m) ≥ Mi
dreq≥
√ Mi
0.8∗f cd∗B∗ρmax∗m(1−0.4 ρmax∗m)
Where
 Mi = 22.55KNm
 fcd =11.33mpa
Page | 152
 B=1000mm
fyd 260.87
 M= = =28.78
0.8∗fcd 0.8∗11.33
 ρmax =0.75∗ρb , εcu=0.0035
[ ( ) ]
εcu
∗1
fyd 260.87 mpa
=0.75 εcu+ = =1.304*10-3
εs fyd 200 Gpa
εs=
m Es
[
=0.75 0.0035+ 0.001304 )
(
]
0.0035
∗1
28.78
ρmax =0.0189
0.5
 ρmin = = 0.5/300 = 0.00167
fyk
√
6
22.5 Nmm∗10
Hence, dreq=
0.8∗11.33∗1000∗0.0189∗28.78(1−0.4∗0.0189∗28.78)
=76.37mm
Ø
D provided =D- - cover, use Ø=12 mm ¯¿
2
12
=160− −25
2
=139mm
Since, dprovided¿dreqso,the section satisfies flexural requirement
Therefore Mcap¿MExt
Page | 153
As = ρ *b*d
−Ø
d=D −¿Cover
2
12
=160- - 25
2
=129mm
 ρ=
1
2[ √ 2
C 1− C 1 −
4 Mext
C 2∗b∗d
2 ]
 m =fcd/0.8fyd
2.5 2.5
 C1= = =0.087
m 28.78
 C2=0.32*fcd*m2
=0.32*11.33*28.782=3003.04
 Mext = Mi = 22.55*106Nmm
ρ=
1
2 [ √
0.087− 0.0872−
4∗22.55∗10 6
3003.04∗1000∗129
2 ]
ρ = 0.00553
0.00167¿ ρ<¿ 0.0189………………ok
=0.00553*1000*129
=713.37mm2
Spacing
2 2
as∗B π Ø 3.14∗12
S= , as= = =113.04mm2
As 4 4
Page | 154
113.04∗1000
= =158.46 ≈ 150mm
713.37
350
 Smin=20mm
Therefore, Smin≤S≤Smax
20mm¿S¿300mm………………………..ok
At discontinuous support Nominal top reinforcement /steel/ about half of the positive reinforce-
ment /steel/

According to EBCS-2, 1995 sec. 7.2.2.2.
The ratio of the secondary reinforcement to the main reinforcement shall be at least equal to 0.2.
{
( 0.2∗713.37 )
0.2∗A S ( main ) /w= =184.57 mm2
0.773
AS 0.5∗( b∗d ) 0.5∗( 1000∗139 )
A S (min❑ )= = =231.67 mm2
fyk 300
¿
Space of bar
as∗B
As
78.5∗1000
= = 338.84 mm ≈ (use 300mm)
231.67 mm 2
Page | 155
Load transform from stair to the corresponding beams
Reaction force at support A,RA= 21.25KN

Sec C-C
Figure 3 17 Section view of stair case

Note: Effective depth and load calculation for this section is the same as section A-A
Figure 3 18Steps and landing total factored load
Page | 156

Maximum moment occurs at the support
 Design Loads
Design moment
Support moment= 15.03 KN-m
Design shear
Support A = 25.5 KN
Support B = 13.62 KN
Page | 157
Since the Section C-C is symmetric with the section A-A it satisfy the deflection, shear and flex-
ure requirement
As = ρ *b*d
−Ø
d=D −¿Cover
2
12
=150- - 25
2
=119mm
1
[ √ 2
 ρ = 2 C 1− C 1 −
4 Mext
C 2∗b∗d
2 ]
 m =fcd/0.8fyd
2.5 2.5
 C1= = =0.087
m 28.78
 C2=0.32*fcd*m2
=0.32*11.33*28.782=3003.04
 Mext = Mi = 8.69*106Nmm
ρ=
1
2[ √ 2
0.087− 0.087 −
4∗8.69∗10 6
3003.04∗1000∗119
2 ]
ρ = 0.002415
0.00167¿ ρ<¿ 0.0189………………ok
=0.002415*1000*119
Page | 158
=287.5mm2
Spacing
as∗B π Ø 2 3.14∗122
S= As , as= = =113.04mm2
4 4
113.04∗1000
= 287.5
=393.18
350
 Smin=20mm
Therefore, use Smax=300mm
 Mext = Mi = 15.03Nmm
ρ=
1
2[ √
0.087− 0.0872−
4∗15.03∗10 6
3003.04∗1000∗1192 ]
ρ = 0.00427
0.00167¿ ρ<¿ 0.0189………………ok
=0.00427*1000*119
=508.13mm2
Spacing
Page | 159
2 2
as∗B π Ø 3.14∗12
S= , as= = =113.04mm2
As 4 4
113.04∗1000
= = 222.46 ≈ 220mm
508.13

According to EBCS-2, 1995 sec. 7.2.2.2., the ratio of the secondary reinforcement to the main re-
inforcement shall be at least equal to 0.2.
{
( 0.2∗287.5 )
0.2∗A S ( main ) /w= =52.27 mm2
1.1
AS 0.5∗( b∗d ) 0.5∗( 1000∗129 )
A S (min❑ )= = =215mm 2
fyk 300
¿
Space of bar
as∗B
As
78.5∗1000
= = 365.11 mm ≈(use 300mm)
215 mm2

Load transform from stair to the corresponding beams
Reaction force at support A,RA= 25.5 KN
NOTE: For the rest of floors section A-A become similar with section C-C and other section is
the same as a ground floor
Table 3.46 reaction values of sections
Page | 160
From ground floor 1st floor For the rest of floors
to
Sec A-A RA=21.23 Sec A-A RA=25.5
RB=17.9 RB=13.62
Sec B-B RA=21.53 Sec B-B RA=21.53
RB=21.53 RB=21.53
Sec C-C RA=25.5 Sec C-C RA=25.5
RB=13.62 RB=13.62
Detail drawing of stair
Page | 161
Page | 162
CHAPTER FOUR
FRAME ANALYSIS
Page | 163
4. FRAME ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction
Earthquake is movements with in the Earth’s crust cause stress to build up at points of weakness
when the stress finally exceeds the strength of the rock, the rock fractures along a fault at a zone
of existing weakness within the rock. The stored energy is suddenly released as an earthquake.
Energy released radiates in all directions from its source, the focus. Energy is in the form of
waves.
Causes of earthquake:
 Volcanic eruption
 Tectonic movements of the earth’s crust.
 Explosion of nuclear and chemical devices
 Collapse of underground cavities
Earthquake Effects include:-
 Ground shaking (Vibration)

 Surface faulting
 Liquefaction
 Landslides
 Fires
 Tsunamis
Generally, there are two method of Earth quake Analysis. These are
 Equivalent static method of analysis

 For the building regular in plan and elevation
 For the building whose height not exceeding 40m
 For the building whose fundamental of vibration of vibration T<2sec
 Dynamic method of analysis
 Time history Analysis
Page | 164
 Response spectrum Analysis
Since the requirements for static method is more satisfied than dynamic, we used static method
for the analysis of earthquake. The nature of supporting ground has influence on the seismic ac-
tion. This shall generally be accounted for by considering subsoil classes.
According to EBCS_1-1995, for the ground condition in the absence of more accurate informa-
tion on soil condition, the seismic action may be determined assuming ground conditions subsoil
class B.
ADAMA is located at 08 33 N & 39 15 E under seismic zone 4 (EBCS-8-1995-table 1.3).
4.2 Mass center calculation

The mass center coordinates x and y are calculated by considering slab, wall, beam, stair and col-
umn weight at each floor to concentrate at a position from selected axis and calculated in tabular
form.
∑wi∗xi ∑ wi∗yi
Xm ¿ ∑ wi Ym = ∑ wi
Page | 165
4.2.1 Weight of ground floor
4.2.1.1 Weight of slab for ground floor
Table 4. 1Weight of slab for ground floor

descriptionγ (KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) W (KN) W of CC W of FF W Total X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y
s1 25 6 6 0.17 153 24.84 11.52 189.36 3 15 568.08 2840.4
s2 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 7.5 15 710.1 1420.2
s3 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 11.25 15 1597.73 2130.3
s4 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 15.75 15 2236.82 2130.3
s5 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 19.5 15 1846.26 1420.2
s6 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 10.5 284.04 994.14
s7 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 7.29 51.75 7.5 10.5 388.125 543.375
s8 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 10.935 77.625 11.25 10.5 873.281 815.063
s9 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 4.32 71.01 15.75 10.5 1118.41 745.605
s10 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 2.88 47.34 19.5 10.5 923.13 497.07
s11 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 7.5 284.04 710.1
s12 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 9.72 98.64 3 4.5 295.92 443.88
s13 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 8.28 97.2 3 1.5 291.6 145.8
s14 25 3 9 0.17 114.75 18.63 12.42 145.8 7.5 4.5 1093.5 656.1
s15 25 4 4 0.17 68 11.04 7.36 86.4 11 6.5 950.4 561.6
s16 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.063 13.9725 9.315 109.35 11.25 2.25 1230.19 246.038
s17 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.063 13.9725 9.315 109.35 15.75 6.75 1722.26 738.113
s18 25 9 1 0.17 38.25 6.21 4.14 48.6 4.5 -0.5 218.7 -24.3
s19 25 1.76 14 0.17 104.72 16.905 11.27 132.9 18.88 7 2508.39 930.265
Total 1530.6 248.4 149.085 1928.1 19141 17944.2
Page | 166
4.2.1.2 Weight of column for ground floor
Table 4. 2Weight of column for ground floor
descriptionγ (KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) Weight (KN) X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y

C B1 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 0 0 0 0
C C1 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 0 3 0 28.8
C D1 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 0 6 0 57.6
C E1 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 0 9 0 86.4
C F1 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 0 12 0 115.2
C G1 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 0 15 0 144
C H1 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 0 18 0 172.8
C H2 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 3 18 28.8 172.8
C H3 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 6 18 57.6 172.8
C F3 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 6 12 57.6 115.2
C E3 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 6 9 57.6 86.4
C D3 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 6 6 57.6 57.6
C C3 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 6 3 57.6 28.8
C B3 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 6 0 57.6 0
C H4 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 9 18 86.4 172.8
C F4 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 9 12 86.4 115.2
C E4 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 9 9 86.4 86.4
C C'4 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 9 4.5 86.4 43.2
C B4 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 9 0 86.4 0
C H5' 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 13.5 18 129.6 172.8
C F5' 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 13.5 12 129.6 115.2
Page | 167
C E5' 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 13.5 9 129.6 86.4

C D5 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 6.54 5.8 62.784 55.68
C B5 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 12.44 0.68 119.42 6.528
C H7 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 18 18 172.8 172.8
C F7 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 18 12 172.8 115.2
C E7 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 18 9 172.8 86.4
C D7 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 17.3 5.55 166.08 53.28
C H8 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 21 18 201.6 172.8
C G8 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 21 15 201.6 144
C F8 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 21 12 201.6 115.2
C E8 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 21 9 201.6 86.4
C C6 25 0.4 0.4 2.4 9.6 15.37 2.63 147.55 25.25
Total 316.8 3015.8 3064
Page | 168
4.2.1.3 Weight of partition wall on ground floor slab
Table 4. 3Weight of partition wallon ground floor

description Length Thickness Height γ (KN/m3) Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y
PW1 2.93 0.15 3 14 18.459 4.175 16.54 77.066 305.3
PW2 2.82 0.15 3 14 17.766 1.61 15 28.603 266.5
PW3 3.42 0.15 3 14 21.546 5.63 15 121.3 323.2
PW4 2.025 0.15 3 14 12.7575 7.075 16.913 90.259 215.8
PW5 0.85 0.15 3 14 5.355 7.265 14.5 38.904 77.65
PW6 1.26 0.15 3 14 7.938 7.275 11.65 57.749 92.48
PW7 3.42 0.15 3 14 21.546 7.275 7.66 156.75 165
PW8 1.95 0.15 3 14 12.285 6.925 4.575 85.074 56.2
PW9 4.35 0.15 3 14 27.405 11.25 15.675 308.17 429.6
PW10 6.53 0.1 3 14 27.426 17.74 13.05 486.4 357.9
PW11 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 14.84 12.45 93.492 78.44
PW12 0.8 1 3 14 33.6 17.89 12.6 601.1 423.4
PW13 0.3 0.1 3 14 1.26 19.54 12.15 24.62 15.31
PW14 6.15 0.1 3 14 25.83 17.92 11 462.74 284.1
PW15 1.15 0.15 3 14 7.245 14.92 10.395 108.06 75.31
PW16 1.05 0.15 3 14 6.615 17.92 12.225 118.51 80.87
PW17 0.55 0.1 3 14 2.31 19.54 9.975 45.137 23.04
PW18 1.4 0.1 3 14 5.88 20.29 10.05 119.31 59.09
PW19 1.27 0.15 3 14 8.001 10.69 3.52 85.491 28.16
Total 269.5245 3108.7 3357
Page | 169
4.2.1.4 Weight of beam on ground floor
Table 4. 4 Weight of beam on ground floor
description γ (KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) W (KN) X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y

P-1 Beam on G-H @ 1 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 -0.1 16.5 -0.98 160.9
Beam on F-G @ 1 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 -0.1 13.5 -0.98 131.6
Beam on 1 to 2 @ H 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 1.5 18.1 14.63 176.5
Beam on H-F @ 3 25 5.6 0.3 0.5 21 6 15 126 315
Beam on 2 to 3 @ H 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 4.5 18.1 43.88 176.5
Beam on 1 to 3 @ F 25 5.6 0.3 0.5 21 3 12 63 252
P-2 Beam on 3 to 4 @ H 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 7.5 18.1 73.13 176.5
Beam on 3 to 4 @ F 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 7.5 12 73.13 117
Beam on H-F @ 4 25 5.6 0.3 0.5 21 9 15 189 315
P-3 Beam on 4 to 5' @H 25 4.1 0.3 0.5 15.375 11.25 18.1 173 278.3
Beam on 4 to 5' @F 25 4.1 0.3 0.5 15.375 11.25 12 173 184.5
Beam on H-F @ 5' 25 5.6 0.3 0.5 21 13.5 15 283.5 315
P-4 Beam on 5' to 7 @ H 25 4.1 0.3 0.5 15.375 15.75 18.1 242.2 278.3
Beam on 5' to 7 @ F 25 4.1 0.3 0.5 15.375 15.75 12 242.2 184.5
Beam on H-F @ 7 25 5.6 0.3 0.5 21 18 15 378 315
P-5 Beam on G-F @ 8 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 21 13.5 204.8 131.6
Beam on H-G @ 8 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 21 16.5 204.8 160.9
Beam on 7 to 8 @H 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 19.5 18.1 190.1 176.5
Beam on 7 to 8 @F 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 18 12 175.5 117
P-6 Beam on E-F @ 1 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 -0.1 10.5 -0.98 102.4
Beam on E-F @ 3 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 6 10.5 58.5 102.4
Beam on 1 to 3 @ E 25 5.6 0.3 0.5 21 3 9 63 189
Page | 170
P-7 Beam on 3 to 4 @E 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 4.5 9 43.88 87.75

Beam on E-F @ 4 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 9 10.5 87.75 102.4
P-9 Beam on E-F @5' 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 13.5 10.5 131.6 102.4
Beam on E-F @7 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 18 10.5 175.5 102.4
Beam on 5' to 7 @ E 25 4.1 0.3 0.5 15.375 15.75 9 242.2 138.4
P-10 Beam on 7 to 8, @E 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 19.5 9 190.1 87.75
Beam on E-F @8 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 21 10.5 204.8 102.4
P-11 Beam on E-D @ 1 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 -0.1 7.5 -0.98 73.13
Beam on 1 to 3 @ D 25 5.6 0.3 0.5 21 3 6 63 126
Beam on E-D @ 3 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 6 7.5 58.5 73.13
P-12 Beam on 3 to 4 @ C 25 5.6 0.3 0.5 21 7.5 3 157.5 63
Beam on D-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 -0.1 4.5 -0.98 43.88
Beam on D-C @ 3 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 6 4.5 58.5 43.88
P-13 Beam 1 to 3 @B 25 5.6 0.3 0.5 21 3 0 63 0
Beam B-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 -0.1 1.5 -0.98 14.63
Beam B-C @3 25 2.6 0.3 0.5 9.75 6 1.5 58.5 14.63
P-14 Beam E-C' @4 25 4.1 0.3 0.5 15.375 9 6.75 138.4 103.8
Beam C'-B @4 25 4.1 0.3 0.5 15.375 9 2.25 138.4 34.59
P-15 Beam 4 to 5' @E 25 4.1 0.3 0.5 15.375 11.25 9 173 138.4
Beam 4 to 5' @C' 25 4.5 0.3 0.5 16.875 8.45 4.5 142.6 75.94
Beam E-C' @5' 25 4.5 0.3 0.5 16.875 13.5 6.75 227.8 113.9
Page | 171
P-16 Beam B-C', @5' 25 4.5 0.3 0.5 16.875 13.5 2.45 227.8 41.34
Beam 4-5' @B 25 4.5 0.3 0.5 16.875 11.45 0.2 193.2 3.375
P-17 Beam E-C' @7 25 4.5 0.3 0.5 16.875 18 6.95 303.8 117.3
P-18 Beam 1-3 @A 25 5.8 0.3 0.5 21.75 2.9 -0.9 63.08 -19.6
Beam A-B @1 25 0.8 0.3 0.5 3 -0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -2.1
Beam A-B @3 25 0.8 0.3 0.5 3 6 -0.7 18 -2.1
P-19 Beam 3-4 @A 25 3 0.3 0.5 11.25 7.5 -0.7 84.38 -7.88
Beam A-B @4 25 0.8 0.3 0.5 3 9 -0.7 27 -2.1
Total 672.38 6237 6127
4.2.1.5 Weight of wall on beam of ground floor
Table 4. 5 Weight of wall on beam of ground floor
ID L (m) W (m) D (m) γ (KN/m3)Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

WB1 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 0.475 18.1 2.1945 83.62
WB2 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 2.525 18.1 11.666 83.62
WB3 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 3.475 18.1 16.055 83.62
WB4 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 5.525 18.1 25.526 83.62
WB5 1.1 0.2 3 14 9.24 6.75 18.1 62.37 167.2
WB6 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 9.475 18.1 43.775 83.62
WB7 2.05 0.2 3 14 17.22 12.275 18.1 211.38 311.7
WB8 1.3 0.2 3 14 10.92 17.15 18.1 187.28 197.7
WB9 1.1 0.2 3 14 9.24 20.65 18.1 190.81 167.2
WB10 0.95 0.2 3 14 7.98 21.1 13.475 168.38 107.5
Page | 172
WB11 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 21.1 12.35 53.172 31.12

WB12 0.35 0.2 3 14 2.94 21.1 11.125 62.034 32.71
WB13 0.45 0.2 3 14 3.78 21.1 10.025 79.758 37.89
WB14 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 21.1 9.35 53.172 23.56
WB15 1.75 0.2 3 14 249.9 19.075 8.9 4766.8 2224
WB16 3.07 0.2 3 14 25.79 16.185 8.875 417.38 228.9
WB17 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 17.525 -0.462 80.97
WB18 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 15.475 -0.462 71.49
WB19 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 14.525 -0.462 67.11
WB20 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 12.475 -0.462 57.63
WB21 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 11.525 -0.462 53.25
WB22 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 9.475 -0.462 43.77
WB23 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 8.525 -0.462 39.39
WB24 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 6.475 -0.462 29.91
WB25 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 5.525 -0.462 25.53
WB26 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 3.475 -0.462 16.05
WB27 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 2.525 -0.462 11.67
WB28 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 0.475 -0.462 2.195
WB29 0.8 0.15 3 14 5.04 -0.1 -0.6 -0.504 -3.02
WB30 1.12 0.2 3 14 9.408 1.56 -0.9 14.676 -8.47
Page | 173
WB31 1 0.2 3 14 8.4 4.42 -0.9 37.128 -7.56

WB32 1.2 0.2 3 14 171.4 7.45 -0.9 1276.6 -154
WB33 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 9 -0.9 22.68 -2.27
WB34 5.6 0.2 3 14 47.04 3 11.875 141.12 558.6
WB35 1.03 0.15 3 14 6.489 9 17.285 58.401 112.2
WB36 1.84 0.15 3 14 11.59 9 15.15 104.33 175.6
WB37 0.57 0.15 3 14 3.591 9 12.485 32.319 44.83
WB38 5.6 0.15 3 14 35.28 13.5 15 476.28 529.2
WB39 4.1 0.15 3 14 25.83 11.25 12 290.59 310
WB40 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 13.5 10.5 221.13 172
WB41 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 9 10.5 147.42 172
WB42 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 11.875 42.21 74.81
WB43 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 9.075 42.21 57.17
WB44 5.6 0.15 3 14 35.28 3 5.875 105.84 207.3
WB45 1.7 0.15 3 14 10.71 5.875 4.05 62.921 43.38
WB46 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 5.875 1.5 96.233 24.57
WB47 4.1 0.15 3 14 25.83 9.075 2.25 234.41 58.12
Total 880.7 9752.3 6811
Page | 174
4.2.1.6 Weight of shear wall on ground floor
Table 4. 6Weight of shear wall on ground floor
descriptionLength ThicknessHeight γ (KN/m3)Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

1 1.7 0.2 3 25 25.5 10.55 9.85 269.03 251.2
2 1.7 0.2 3 25 25.5 12.05 9.85 307.28 251.2
3 1.5 0.2 3 25 22.5 10.55 9.1 237.38 204.8
4 1.5 0.2 3 25 22.5 10.55 10.4 237.38 234
total 96 1051.1 941.1
4.2.1.7 Weight of stair on ground floor

Table 4. 7Weight of stair on ground floor
description Length Thickness width γ (KN/m3) Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

flight 3 1.8 0.17 1.1 25 8.415 11.195 11.31 94.206 95.17
flight 2 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.398025 9.66 9.945 90.785 93.46
fight 1 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.398025 12.695 9.945 119.31 93.46
landing 1 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.37625 10.295 11.31 55.348 60.81
landing 2 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.37625 12.67 11.31 68.117 60.81
total 27.21105 304.3 282.1
Page | 175
4.2.1.8 Center of mass for ground floor
Table 4. 8center of mass for ground floor

TYPE OF LOAD WEIGHT Mx My
BEAM 672.375 6237.1125 6126.69375
COLUMN 316.8 3015.84 3063.936
SLAB 1928.08 19140.96688 17944.2475
P WALL 269.5245 3108.737048 3357.321109
shear wall 96 1051.05 941.1
stair 27.21105 304.2987739 282.1003673
WALL ON BEAM 880.698 9752.25426 6810.8166
total 4190.68855 42610.25946 38526.21533
Xm= 10.1678421
Ym= 9.19329004
Page | 176
4.2.2 Weight of first floor
4.2.2.1 Weight of slab for first floor
Table 4.9 Weight of slab on first floor
descriptionγ(KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) W (KN) W of CC W of FF W Total X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y

s1 25 6 6 0.17 153 24.84 11.52 189.36 3 15 568.08 2840.4
s2 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 7.5 15 710.1 1420.2
s3 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 11.25 15 1597.725 2130.3
s4 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 15.75 15 2236.815 2130.3
s5 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 19.5 15 1846.26 1420.2
s6 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 10.5 284.04 994.14
s7 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 7.29 51.75 7.5 10.5 388.125 543.375
s8 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 10.935 77.625 11.25 10.5 873.2813 815.0625
s9 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 4.32 71.01 15.75 10.5 1118.408 745.605
s10 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 2.88 47.34 19.5 10.5 923.13 497.07
s11 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 7.5 284.04 710.1
s12 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 9.72 98.64 3 4.5 295.92 443.88
s13 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 8.28 97.2 3 1.5 291.6 145.8
s14 25 3 9 0.17 114.75 18.63 12.42 145.8 7.5 4.5 1093.5 656.1
s15 25 4 4 0.17 68 11.04 7.36 86.4 11 6.5 950.4 561.6
s16 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.0625 13.9725 9.315 109.35 11.25 2.25 1230.188 246.0375
s17 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.0625 13.9725 9.315 109.35 15.75 6.75 1722.263 738.1125
s18 25 5.8 1.76 0.17 43.384 7.044 8.27 58.698 5.9 -0.88 346.3182 -51.65424
s19 25 1.76 14 0.17 104.72 17.002 19.96 141.682 18.875 7 2674.248 991.774
s20 25 3.4 1 0.17 14.45 2.346 1.564 18.36 1.5 -0.5 27.54 -9.18
Total 1550.179 251.677 163.469 1965.325 19461.98 17969.22
Page | 177
4.2.2.2 Weight of column for first floor
Table 4.10 Weight of column on first floor
description
γ (KN/m3)L (m) W (m) D (m) Weight (KN)
X (m) Y (m) W*X W*Y
C B1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 0 0 0
C C1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 3 0 36
C D1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 6 0 72
C E1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 9 0 108
C F1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 12 0 144
C G1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 15 0 180
C H1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 18 0 216
C H2 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 3 18 36 216
C H3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 18 72 216
C F3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 12 72 144
C E3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 9 72 108
C D3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 6 72 72
C C3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 3 72 36
C B3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 0 72 0
C H4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 18 108 216
C F4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 12 108 144
C E4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 9 108 108
C C'4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 4.5 108 54
C B4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 0 108 0
C H5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 18 162 216
C F5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 12 162 144
Page | 178
C E5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 9 162 108

C D5 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6.54 5.8 78.48 69.6
C B5 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 12.44 0.68 149.28 8.16
C H7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 18 216 216
C F7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 12 216 144
C E7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 9 216 108
C D7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 17.3 5.55 207.6 66.6
C H8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 18 252 216
C G8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 15 252 180
C F8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 12 252 144
C E8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 9 252 108
C C6 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 15.37 2.63 184.44 31.56
Total 396 3769.8 3829.9
4.2.2.3 Weight of partition wall on slab of first floor
Table 4.11 Weight of partition wall on first floor
description Length Thickness Height γ (KN/m3) Weight X(m) Y(m) W*X W*Y
PW1 7 0.15 3 14 44.1 3.7 15.075 163.17 664.81
PW2 2.71 0.1 3 14 11.382 1.355 12.7 15.42261 144.55
PW3 0.43 0.15 3 14 2.709 0.215 11.3 0.582435 30.612
PW4 1.69 0.15 3 14 10.647 1.745 11.63 18.57902 123.82
PW5 2.63 0.15 3 14 16.569 3.075 0.18 50.94968 2.9824
PW6 2.02 0.15 3 14 12.726 7.275 17.19 92.58165 218.76
Page | 179
PW7 0.37 0.15 3 14 2.331 7.275 15.0885 16.95803 35.171

PW8 3.92 0.15 3 14 24.696 7.275 12.06 179.6634 297.83
PW9 0.33 0.15 3 14 2.079 7.275 8.925 15.12473 18.555
PW10 2.24 0.15 3 14 14.112 7.275 9.836 102.6648 138.81
PW11 1.98 0.15 3 14 12.474 7.275 3.79 90.74835 47.276
PW12 3.43 0.15 3 14 21.609 7.275 -0.05 157.2055 -1.08
PW13 5.78 0.15 3 14 36.414 12.09 15 440.2453 546.21
PW14 2.93 0.15 3 14 18.459 15.125 16.465 279.1924 303.93
PW15 2.07 0.15 3 14 13.041 15.125 13.035 197.2451 169.99
PW16 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 15.125 10.567 95.2875 66.572
PW17 0.35 0.1 3 14 1.47 15.125 8.975 22.23375 13.193
PW18 6 0.1 3 14 25.2 18 13.05 453.6 328.86
PW19 6 0.1 3 14 25.2 18 8 453.6 201.6
PW20 0.55 0.1 3 14 2.31 19.55 12.025 45.1605 27.778
PW21 0.55 0.1 3 14 2.31 19.55 9.975 45.1605 23.042
PW22 1 0.1 3 14 4.2 17.735 13.05 74.487 54.81
PW23 1 0.1 3 14 4.2 14.84 9.85 62.328 41.37
PW24 1.4 0.1 3 14 5.88 20.35 11.875 119.658 69.825
PW25 1.4 0.1 3 14 5.88 20.35 12.15 119.658 71.442
PW26 2.44 0.15 3 14 15.372 13.55 11 208.2906 169.09
PW27 3.49 0.15 3 14 21.987 10.745 10.395 236.2503 228.55
Total 363.657 3756.047 4038.4
Page | 180
4.2.2.4 Weight of beam on first floor
Table 4.12 Weight of beam on first floor
description γ (KN/m3)L (m) W (m) D (m) Weight (KN)

X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y
P-1 Beam on G-H @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 16.5 -0.65 107.3
Beam on F-G @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 13.5 -0.65 87.75
Beam on 1 to 2 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 1.5 18.1 9.75 117.7
Beam on H-F @ 3 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 6 15 84 210
Beam on 2 to 3 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 4.5 18.1 29.25 117.7
Beam on 1 to 3 @ F 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 12 42 168
P-2 Beam on 3 to 4 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 7.5 18.1 48.75 117.7
Beam on 3 to 4 @ F 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 7.5 12 48.75 78
Beam on H-F @ 4 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 9 15 126 210
P-3 Beam on 4 to 5' @H 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 18.1 115.31 185.5
Beam on 4 to 5' @F 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 12 115.31 123
Beam on H-F @ 5' 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 13.5 15 189 210
P-4 Beam on 5' to 7 @ H 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 18.1 161.44 185.5
Beam on 5' to 7 @ F 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 12 161.44 123
Beam on H-F @ 7 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 18 15 252 210
P-5 Beam on G-F @ 8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 13.5 136.5 87.75
Beam on H-G @ 8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 16.5 136.5 107.3
Beam on 7 to 8 @H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 19.5 18.1 126.75 117.7
Beam on 7 to 8 @F 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 18 12 117 78
P-6 Beam on E-F @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 10.5 -0.65 68.25
Beam on E-F @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 10.5 39 68.25
Beam on 1 to 3 @ E 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 9 42 126
Page | 181
P-7 Beam on 3 to 4 @E 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 4.5 9 29.25 58.5

Beam on E-F @ 4 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 9 10.5 58.5 68.25
P-9 Beam on E-F @5' 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 13.5 10.5 87.75 68.25
Beam on E-F @7 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 18 10.5 117 68.25
Beam on 5' to 7 @ E 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 9 161.44 92.25
P-10 Beam on 7 to 8, @E 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 19.5 9 126.75 58.5
Beam on E-F @8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 10.5 136.5 68.25
P-11 Beam on E-D @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 7.5 -0.65 48.75
Beam on 1 to 3 @ D 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 6 42 84
Beam on E-D @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 7.5 39 48.75
P-12 Beam on 3 to 4 @ C 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 7.5 3 105 42
Beam on D-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 4.5 -0.65 29.25
Beam on D-C @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 4.5 39 29.25
P-13 Beam 1 to 3 @B 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 0 42 0
Beam B-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 1.5 -0.65 9.75
Beam B-C @3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 1.5 39 9.75
P-14 Beam E-C' @4 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 9 6.75 92.25 69.19
Beam C'-B @4 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 9 2.25 92.25 23.06
P-15 Beam 4 to 5' @E 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 9 115.31 92.25
Beam 4 to 5' @C' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 8.45 4.5 95.063 50.63
Beam E-C' @5' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 13.5 6.75 151.88 75.94
Page | 182
P-16 Beam B-C', @5' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 13.5 2.45 151.88 27.56
Beam 4-5' @B 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 11.45 0.2 128.81 2.25
P-17 Beam E-C' @7 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 18 6.95 202.5 78.19
P-18 Beam 1-3 @A 25 3 0.25 0.4 7.5 1.5 -0.9 11.25 -6.75
Beam A-B @1 25 0.8 0.25 0.4 2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -1.4
Beam A-B @2 25 0.8 0.25 0.4 2 3.075 -0.7 6.15 -1.4
P-19 Beam 3-4 @A 25 2.85 0.25 0.4 7.125 4.575 -0.7 32.597 -4.99
Beam A-B @3 25 1.76 0.25 0.4 4.4 6 -0.98 26.4 -4.31
p-20 Beam A-B @4 25 1.76 0.25 0.4 4.4 9 -0.98 39.6 -4.31
Beam 3-4 @A 25 3 0.25 0.4 7.5 7.5 -0.98 56.25 -7.35
Total 455.175 4202 4076
4.2.2.5 Wall on beam on first floor
Table 4.13 Weight of wall on beam on first floor
ID L (m) W (m) D (m) γ (KN/m3)Weight X(m) Y(m) W*X W*Y

WB1 1.3 0.2 3 14 10.92 12.65 18.1 138.138 197.65
WB2 1.3 0.2 3 14 10.92 14.35 18.1 156.702 197.65
WB3 1.3 0.2 3 14 10.92 17.15 18.1 187.278 197.65
WB4 1.1 0.2 3 14 9.24 20.25 18.1 187.11 167.24
WB5 0.9 0.2 3 14 7.56 21.1 16.5 159.516 124.74
WB6 0.95 0.2 3 14 7.98 21.1 13.475 168.378 107.53
WB7 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 21.1 12.35 53.172 31.122
WB8 0.35 0.2 3 14 2.94 21.1 11.125 62.034 32.708
WB9 0.45 0.2 3 14 3.78 21.1 10.225 79.758 38.651
WB10 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 21.1 9.35 53.172 23.562
Page | 183
WB11 1.76 0.15 3 14 11.088 18.88 8.9 209.3414 98.683

WB12 2.85 0.2 3 14 23.94 16.425 11.125 393.2145 266.33
WB13 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 5.525 -0.462 25.526
WB14 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 3.475 -0.462 16.055
WB15 0.55 0.2 3 14 78.54 -0.1 2.525 -7.854 198.31
WB16 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 0.475 -0.462 2.1945
WB17 0.8 0.2 3 14 6.72 -0.1 -0.6 -0.672 -4.032
WB18 1.05 0.2 3 14 8.82 1.525 -0.9 13.4505 -7.938
WB19 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 3.05 -0.9 7.686 -2.268
WB20 3.185 0.15 3 14 20.0655 4.1925 12.075 84.12461 242.29
WB21 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 12.075 42.21 76.073
WB22 5.6 0.15 3 14 35.28 3 8.925 105.84 314.87
WB23 5.6 0.15 3 14 35.28 3 5.925 105.84 209.03
WB24 5.6 0.15 3 14 35.28 3 2.925 105.84 103.19
WB25 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 2.925 42.21 18.428
WB26 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 5.925 42.21 37.328
WB27 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 8.928 42.21 56.246
WB28 1.7 0.15 3 14 10.71 9 16.95 96.39 181.53
WB29 3 0.15 3 14 18.9 9 13.7 170.1 258.93
WB30 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 9 10.5 147.42 171.99
WB31 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 13.5 10.5 221.13 171.99
WB32 4.1 0.15 3 14 25.83 11.25 12 290.5875 309.96
WB33 1.82 0.15 3 14 194.922 13.5 13.81 2631.447 2691.9
Total 649.016 5986.598 6555.1
Page | 184
4.2.2.6 Weight of shear wall on first floor
Table 4.14 Weight of shear wall on first floor
description
Length Thickness Height γ (KN/m3)Weight X(m) Y(m) W*X W*Y
1 1.7 0.2 3 25 25.5 10.55 9.85 269.025 251.18
2 1.7 0.2 3 25 25.5 12.05 9.85 307.275 251.18
3 1.5 0.2 3 25 22.5 10.55 9.1 237.375 204.75
4 1.5 0.2 3 25 22.5 10.55 10.4 237.375 234
total 96 1051.05 941.1
4.2.2.7 Weight of stair on first floor
Table 4.15 Weight of stair on first floor
description
Length Thickness width γ (KN/m3)Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y
flight 3 1.8 0.17 1.1 25 8.415 11.195 11.31 94.20593 95.174
flight 2 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.39803 9.66 9.945 90.78492 93.463
fight 1 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.39803 12.695 9.945 119.3079 93.463
landing 1 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.37625 10.295 11.31 55.34849 60.805
landing 2 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.37625 12.67 11.31 68.11709 60.805
total 27.2111 304.2988 282.1
Page | 185
4.2.2.8 Center of mass for first floor
Center of mass on first floor

BEAM 455.175 4202.022 4076.451
COLUMN 396 3769.8 3829.92
SLAB 1965.325 19461.98 17969.22
P WALL 363.657 3756.047 4038.365
shear wall 96 1051.05 941.1
stair 27.21105 304.2988 282.1004
WALL ON BEAM 649.0155 5986.598 6555.122
total 3952.384 38531.79 37692.28
Xm= 9.749002
Ym= 9.5366
Page | 186
4.3.3 Weight second floor
4.3.3.1 Weight of slab for second floor
Table 4.17 weight of slab on second floor
descriptionγ(KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) W (KN) W of CC W of FF W Total X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y

s1 25 6 6 0.17 153 24.84 11.52 189.36 3 15 568.08 2840.4
s2 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 7.5 15 710.1 1420.2
s3 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 11.25 15 1597.7 2130.3
s4 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 15.75 15 2236.8 2130.3
s5 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 19.5 15 1846.3 1420.2
s6 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 10.5 284.04 994.14
s7 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 7.29 51.75 7.5 10.5 388.13 543.375
s8 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 10.935 77.625 11.25 10.5 873.28 815.0625
s9 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 4.32 71.01 15.75 10.5 1118.4 745.605
s10 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 2.88 47.34 19.5 10.5 923.13 497.07
s11 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 7.5 284.04 710.1
s12 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 9.72 98.64 3 4.5 295.92 443.88
s13 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 8.28 97.2 3 1.5 291.6 145.8
s14 25 3 9 0.17 114.75 18.63 12.42 145.8 7.5 4.5 1093.5 656.1
s15 25 4 4 0.17 68 11.04 7.36 86.4 11 6.5 950.4 561.6
s16 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.0625 13.9725 9.315 109.35 11.25 2.25 1230.2 246.0375
s17 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.0625 13.9725 9.315 109.35 15.75 6.75 1722.3 738.1125
s18 25 5.8 1.76 0.17 43.384 7.044 8.27 58.698 5.9 -0.88 346.32 -51.6542
s19 25 1.76 14 0.17 104.72 17.002 19.96 141.682 18.875 7 2674.2 991.774
s20 25 3.4 1 0.17 14.45 2.346 1.564 18.36 1.5 -0.5 27.54 -9.18
Total 1550.18 251.677 163.469 1965.325 19462 17969.22
Page | 187
4.3.3.2 Weight of column for second floor
Table 4.18 weight of column on second floor
description γ (KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) Weight (KN)

X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y
C B1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 0 0 0
C C1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 3 0 36
C D1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 6 0 72
C E1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 9 0 108
C F1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 12 0 144
C G1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 15 0 180
C H1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 18 0 216
C H2 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 3 18 36 216
C H3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 18 72 216
C F3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 12 72 144
C E3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 9 72 108
C D3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 6 72 72
C C3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 3 72 36
C B3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 0 72 0
C H4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 18 108 216
C F4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 12 108 144
C E4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 9 108 108
C C'4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 4.5 108 54
C B4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 0 108 0
C H5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 18 162 216
C F5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 12 162 144
Page | 188
C E5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 9 162 108

C D5 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6.54 5.8 78.48 69.6
C B5 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 12.44 0.68 149.28 8.16
C H7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 18 216 216
C F7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 12 216 144
C E7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 9 216 108
C D7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 17.3 5.55 207.6 66.6
C H8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 18 252 216
C G8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 15 252 180
C F8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 12 252 144
C E8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 9 252 108
C C6 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 15.37 2.63 184.44 31.56
Total 396 3769.8 3830
4.3.3.3 Weight of partition wall on second floor slab
Page | 189
Table 4.19 weight of partition wall on second floor
description Length Thickness Height γ (KN/m3)

Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y
PW1 2.5 0.15 3 14 15.75 3.075 16.55 48.4313 260.7
PW2 3.075 0.15 3 14 19.373 1.5375 14.325 29.7852 277.5
PW3 2.1 0.15 3 14 13.23 5.025 15.405 66.4808 203.8
PW4 1.35 0.15 3 14 8.505 3 12.825 25.515 109.1
PW5 2.23 0.15 3 14 14.049 3.935 10.115 55.2828 142.1
PW6 2.85 0.15 3 14 17.955 7.5 13.375 134.663 240.1
PW7 2.3 0.15 3 14 14.49 7.475 10.15 108.313 147.1
PW8 2.1 0.15 3 14 13.23 7.475 6.85 98.8943 90.63
PW9 1.2 0.15 3 14 7.56 6.8 5.875 51.408 44.42
PW10 2.35 0.15 3 14 14.805 14.88 16.825 220.298 249.1
PW11 2.8 0.15 3 14 17.64 14.88 13.4 262.483 236.4
PW12 6.05 0.1 3 14 25.41 18.025 13.05 458.015 331.6
PW13 6.05 0.1 3 14 25.41 18.025 11.05 458.015 280.8
PW14 1.4 0.1 3 14 5.88 20.4 10.05 119.952 59.09
PW15 0.55 0.1 3 14 2.31 19.55 9.975 45.1605 23.04
PW17 1.2 0.15 3 14 7.56 14.85 10.5 112.266 79.38
Total 223.16 2294.96 2775
Page | 190
4.3.3.4 Weight of beam on second floor
Table 4.20 weight of second on second floor
description γ (KN/m3)
L (m) W (m) D (m) Weight (KN)
X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y
P-1 Beam on G-H @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 16.5 -0.65 107.3
Beam on F-G @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 13.5 -0.65 87.75
Beam on 1 to 2 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 1.5 18.1 9.75 117.7
Beam on H-F @ 3 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 6 15 84 210
Beam on 2 to 3 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 4.5 18.1 29.25 117.7
Beam on 1 to 3 @ F 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 12 42 168
P-2 Beam on 3 to 4 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 7.5 18.1 48.75 117.7
Beam on 3 to 4 @ F 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 7.5 12 48.75 78
Beam on H-F @ 4 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 9 15 126 210
P-3 Beam on 4 to 5' @H 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 18.1 115.3 185.5
Beam on 4 to 5' @F 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 12 115.3 123
Beam on H-F @ 5' 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 13.5 15 189 210
P-4 Beam on 5' to 7 @ H 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 18.1 161.4 185.5
Beam on 5' to 7 @ F 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 12 161.4 123
Beam on H-F @ 7 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 18 15 252 210
P-5 Beam on G-F @ 8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 13.5 136.5 87.75
Beam on H-G @ 8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 16.5 136.5 107.3
Beam on 7 to 8 @H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 19.5 18.1 126.8 117.7
Beam on 7 to 8 @F 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 18 12 117 78
P-6 Beam on E-F @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 10.5 -0.65 68.25
Beam on E-F @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 10.5 39 68.25
Beam on 1 to 3 @ E 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 9 42 126
Page | 191
P-7 Beam on 3 to 4 @E 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 4.5 9 29.25 58.5

Beam on E-F @ 4 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 9 10.5 58.5 68.25
P-9 Beam on E-F @5' 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 13.5 10.5 87.75 68.25
Beam on E-F @7 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 18 10.5 117 68.25
Beam on 5' to 7 @ E 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 9 161.4 92.25
P-10 Beam on 7 to 8, @E 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 19.5 9 126.8 58.5
Beam on E-F @8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 10.5 136.5 68.25
P-11 Beam on E-D @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 7.5 -0.65 48.75
Beam on 1 to 3 @ D 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 6 42 84
Beam on E-D @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 7.5 39 48.75
P-12 Beam on 3 to 4 @ C 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 7.5 3 105 42
Beam on D-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 4.5 -0.65 29.25
Beam on D-C @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 4.5 39 29.25
P-13 Beam 1 to 3 @B 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 0 42 0
Beam B-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 1.5 -0.65 9.75
Beam B-C @3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 1.5 39 9.75
P-14 Beam E-C' @4 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 9 6.75 92.25 69.19
Beam C'-B @4 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 9 2.25 92.25 23.06
P-15 Beam 4 to 5' @E 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 9 115.3 92.25
Beam 4 to 5' @C' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 8.45 4.5 95.06 50.63
Beam E-C' @5' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 13.5 6.75 151.9 75.94
P-16 Beam B-C', @5' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 13.5 2.45 151.9 27.56
Beam 4-5' @B 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 11.45 0.2 128.8 2.25
Page | 192
P-17 Beam E-C' @7 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 18 6.95 202.5 78.19
P-18 Beam 1-3 @A 25 3 0.25 0.4 7.5 1.5 -0.9 11.25 -6.75
Beam A-B @1 25 0.8 0.25 0.4 2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -1.4
Beam A-B @2 25 0.8 0.25 0.4 2 3.075 -0.7 6.15 -1.4
P-19 Beam 3-4 @A 25 2.85 0.25 0.4 7.125 4.575 -0.7 32.6 -4.988
Beam A-B @3 25 1.76 0.25 0.4 4.4 6 -0.98 26.4 -4.312
p-20 Beam A-B @4 25 1.76 0.25 0.4 4.4 9 -0.98 39.6 -4.312
Beam 3-4 @A 25 3 0.25 0.4 7.5 7.5 -0.98 56.25 -7.35
Total 455.175 4202 4076
4.3.3.5 Weight of wall on beam of second floor
Table 4.21 Weight of wall on beam of second floor
ID L (m) W (m)D (m) γ (KN/m3)Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

WB1 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 0.475 18.1 2.1945 83.62
WB2 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 2.525 18.1 11.6655 83.62
WB3 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 3.475 18.1 16.0545 83.62
WB4 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 5.525 18.1 25.5255 83.62
WB5 1.1 0.2 3 14 9.24 6.75 18.1 62.37 167.2
WB6 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 9.475 18.1 43.7745 83.62
WB7 2.05 0.2 3 14 17.22 12.275 18.1 211.376 311.7
WB8 1.3 0.2 3 14 10.92 17.15 18.1 187.278 197.7
WB9 1.1 0.2 3 14 9.24 20.65 18.1 190.806 167.2
WB10 0.95 0.2 3 14 7.98 21.1 13.475 168.378 107.5
WB11 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 21.1 12.35 53.172 31.12
WB12 0.35 0.2 3 14 2.94 21.1 11.125 62.034 32.71
WB13 0.45 0.2 3 14 3.78 21.1 10.025 79.758 37.89
Page | 193
WB14 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 21.1 9.35 53.172 23.56

WB15 1.75 0.2 3 14 249.9 19.075 8.9 4766.84 2224
WB16 3.07 0.2 3 14 25.788 16.185 8.875 417.379 228.9
WB17 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 17.525 -0.462 80.97
WB18 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 15.475 -0.462 71.49
WB19 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 14.525 -0.462 67.11
WB20 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 12.475 -0.462 57.63
WB21 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 11.525 -0.462 53.25
WB22 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 9.475 -0.462 43.77
WB23 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 8.525 -0.462 39.39
WB24 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 6.475 -0.462 29.91
WB25 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 5.525 -0.462 25.53
WB26 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 3.475 -0.462 16.05
WB27 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 2.525 -0.462 11.67
WB28 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 0.475 -0.462 2.195
WB29 0.8 0.2 3 14 6.72 -0.1 -0.6 -0.672 -4.03
WB30 1.12 0.15 3 14 7.056 1.56 -0.9 11.0074 -6.35
WB31 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 4.42 -0.9 27.846 -5.67
WB32 1.2 0.15 3 14 128.52 7.45 -0.9 957.474 -116
WB33 0.3 0.15 3 14 1.89 9 -0.9 17.01 -1.7
WB34 5.6 0.15 3 14 35.28 3 11.875 105.84 419
WB35 1.03 0.15 3 14 6.489 9 17.285 58.401 112.2
WB36 1.84 0.15 3 14 11.592 9 15.15 104.328 175.6
WB37 0.57 0.15 3 14 3.591 9 12.485 32.319 44.83
WB38 5.6 0.15 3 14 35.28 13.5 15 476.28 529.2
WB39 4.1 0.15 3 14 25.83 11.25 12 290.588 310
Page | 194
WB40 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 13.5 10.5 221.13 172

WB41 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 9 10.5 147.42 172
WB42 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 11.875 42.21 74.81
WB43 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 9.075 42.21 57.17
WB44 5.6 0.15 3 14 35.28 3 5.875 105.84 207.3
WB45 1.7 0.15 3 14 10.71 5.875 4.05 62.9213 43.38
WB46 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 5.875 1.5 96.2325 24.57
WB47 4.1 0.15 3 14 25.83 9.075 2.25 234.407 58.12
Total 822.7 9379.03 6713
4.3.3.6 Weight of shear wall on second floor
Table 22 Weight of shear wall on second floor

1 1.7 0.2 3 25 25.5 10.55 9.85 269 251.2
2 1.7 0.2 3 25 25.5 12.05 9.85 307.3 251.2
3 1.5 0.2 3 25 22.5 10.55 9.1 237.4 204.8
4 1.5 0.2 3 25 22.5 10.55 10.4 237.4 234
total 96 1051 941.1
Page | 195
4.3.3.7 Weight of stair on second floor
Table 4.23 Weight of stair on second floor

flight 3 1.8 0.17 1.1 25 8.415 11.195 11.31 94.21 95.17
flight 2 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.39803 9.66 9.945 90.78 93.46
fight 1 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.39803 12.695 9.945 119.3 93.46
landing 1 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.37625 10.295 11.31 55.35 60.81
landing 2 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.37625 12.67 11.31 68.12 60.81
total 27.2111 304.3 282.1
4.3.3.8 Center of mass for second floor
Table 4.24Center of mass for second floor

BEAM 455.175 4202.0219 4076.451
COLUMN 396 3769.8 3829.92
SLAB 1965.325 19461.98 17969.22
P WALL 223.1565 2294.9631 2774.793
shear wall 96 1051.05 941.1
stair 27.21105 304.29877 282.1004
WALL ON BEAM 822.696 9379.0271 6713.288
total 3985.5636 40463.141 36586.88
Xm= 10.152426
ym= 9.17985
Page | 196
4.3.4 Weight of 3rd floor
4.3.4.1 Weight of slab for third floor
Table 4.25Weight of slab for third floor

s1 25 6 6 0.17 153 24.84 11.52 189.36 3 15 568.08 2840.4
s2 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 7.5 15 710.1 1420.2
s3 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 11.25 15 1597.725 2130.3
s4 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 15.75 15 2236.815 2130.3
s5 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 19.5 15 1846.26 1420.2
s6 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 10.5 284.04 994.14
s7 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 7.29 51.75 7.5 10.5 388.125 543.375
s8 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 10.935 77.625 11.25 10.5 873.2813 815.0625
s9 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 4.32 71.01 15.75 10.5 1118.408 745.605
s10 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 2.88 47.34 19.5 10.5 923.13 497.07
s11 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 7.5 284.04 710.1
s12 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 9.72 98.64 3 4.5 295.92 443.88
s13 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 8.28 97.2 3 1.5 291.6 145.8
s14 25 3 9 0.17 114.75 18.63 12.42 145.8 7.5 4.5 1093.5 656.1
s15 25 4 4 0.17 68 11.04 7.36 86.4 11 6.5 950.4 561.6
s16 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.0625 13.9725 9.315 109.35 11.25 2.25 1230.188 246.0375
s17 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.0625 13.9725 9.315 109.35 15.75 6.75 1722.263 738.1125
s18 25 5.8 1.76 0.17 43.384 7.044 8.27 58.698 5.9 -0.88 346.3182 -51.6542
s19 25 1.76 14 0.17 104.72 17.002 19.96 141.682 18.875 7 2674.248 991.774
s20 25 3.4 1 0.17 14.45 2.346 1.564 18.36 1.5 -0.5 27.54 -9.18
Total 1550.18 251.677 163.469 1965.325 19461.98 17969.22
Page | 197
4.3.4.2 Weight of column for third floor
Table 4.26Weight of column for third floor
descriptionγ (KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) Weight (KN)

X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y
C B1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 0 0 0
C C1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 3 0 36
C D1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 6 0 72
C E1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 9 0 108
C F1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 12 0 144
C G1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 15 0 180
C H1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 18 0 216
C H2 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 3 18 36 216
C H3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 18 72 216
C F3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 12 72 144
C E3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 9 72 108
C D3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 6 72 72
C C3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 3 72 36
C B3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 0 72 0
C H4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 18 108 216
C F4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 12 108 144
C E4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 9 108 108
C C'4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 4.5 108 54
C B4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 0 108 0
C H5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 18 162 216
C F5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 12 162 144
Page | 198
C E5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 9 162 108

C D5 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6.54 5.8 78.48 69.6
C B5 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 12.44 0.68 149.28 8.16
C H7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 18 216 216
C F7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 12 216 144
C E7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 9 216 108
C D7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 17.3 5.55 207.6 66.6
C H8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 18 252 216
C G8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 15 252 180
C F8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 12 252 144
C E8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 9 252 108
C C6 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 15.37 2.63 184.44 31.56
Total 396 3769.8 3830
4.3.4.3 Weight of partition wall on third floor slab
Table 4.27Weight of partition wall on third floor slab
descriptionLength Thickness Height γ (KN/m3) Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

PW1 2.72 0.1 3 14 11.424 1.36 12.8 15.5366 146.2
PW2 2.72 0.1 3 14 11.424 1.36 11.4 15.5366 130.2
PW3 1.5 0.1 3 14 6.3 2.56 11.4 16.128 71.82
PW4 0.83 0.15 3 14 5.229 5.365 8.875 28.0536 46.41
PW5 2.2 0.15 3 14 13.86 4.875 7.85 67.5675 108.8
PW6 3.93 0.1 3 14 16.506 2.165 6.7 35.7355 110.6
PW7 3.93 0.1 3 14 16.506 2.165 5.3 35.7355 87.48
Page | 199
PW8 1.3 0.1 3 14 5.46 3.78 5.9 20.6388 32.21

PW9 4.3 0.15 3 14 27.09 9.25 13.45 250.583 364.4
PW10 4.675 0.1 3 14 19.635 11.28 13.45 221.483 264.1
PW11 4.675 0.1 3 14 19.635 12.68 13.45 248.972 264.1
PW12 1.3 1 3 14 54.6 17.89 15.55 976.794 849
PW13 0.5 0.1 3 14 2.1 19.54 12.375 41.034 25.99
PW14 7.3 0.15 3 14 45.99 14.55 13.425 669.155 617.4
PW15 0.4 0.15 3 14 2.52 7.48 8.875 18.8496 22.37
PW16 1.2 0.15 3 14 7.56 6.6 6.075 49.896 45.93
PW17 3.15 0.15 3 14 19.845 7.755 7.375 153.898 146.4
PW18 6.66 0.15 3 14 41.958 7.275 3.3 305.244 138.5
PW19 2.81 0.15 3 14 17.703 10.405 1.405 184.2 24.87
PW20 2.79 0.15 3 14 17.577 16 6.3 281.232 110.7
PW21 2.63 0.15 3 14 16.569 10.315 1.31 170.909 21.71
PW22 2.57 0.15 3 14 16.191 15.075 8.57 304.365 138.8
PW23 1.94 0.15 3 14 12.222 13.55 3.97 165.608 48.52
PW24 2.27 0.15 3 14 14.301 10.685 3.52 152.806 50.34
Total 422.21 4429.96 3867
Page | 200
4.3.4.4 Weight of wall on beam of third floor
Table 4.28Weight of wall on beam of third floor
ID L (m) W (m) D (m) γ (KN/m3) Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

WB1 1.3 0.2 3 14 10.92 14.15 18.1 154.518 197.7
WB2 1.3 0.2 3 14 10.92 14.35 18.1 156.702 197.7
WB3 1.3 0.2 3 14 10.92 17.15 18.1 187.278 197.7
WB4 1.1 0.2 3 14 9.24 20.25 18.1 187.11 167.2
WB5 0.9 0.2 3 14 7.56 21.1 16.5 159.516 124.7
WB6 0.9 0.2 3 14 7.56 21.1 13.5 159.516 102.1
WB7 0.9 0.2 3 14 7.56 21.1 10.5 159.516 79.38
WB8 1.76 0.2 3 14 14.784 19.08 8.9 282.079 131.6
WB9 4.1 0.2 3 14 34.44 15.75 8.9 542.43 306.5
WB10 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 5.525 -0.462 25.53
WB11 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 3.475 -0.462 16.05
WB12 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 2.525 -0.462 11.67
WB13 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 0.475 -0.462 2.195
WB14 0.8 0.2 3 14 6.72 -0.1 -0.6 -0.672 -4.03
WB15 4.7 0.15 3 14 503.37 6.125 15.45 3083.14 7777
WB16 1.95 0.15 3 14 12.285 6.125 10.175 75.2456 125
WB17 0.83 0.15 3 14 5.229 5.565 8.875 29.0994 46.41
WB18 4.1 0.15 3 14 25.83 11.25 12 290.588 310
WB19 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 9 10.5 147.42 172
WB20 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 13.5 10.5 221.13 172
WB21 3.2 0.15 3 14 20.16 16.2 12 326.592 241.9
WB22 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 19.5 12 319.41 196.6
Total 755.12 6478.77 10597
Page | 201
4.3.4.5 Weight of beam on third floor
Table 4.29Weight of beam on third floor
description γ (KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) Weight (KN)

X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y
P-1 Beam on G-H @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 16.5 -0.65 107.25
Beam on F-G @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 13.5 -0.65 87.75
Beam on 1 to 2 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 1.5 18.1 9.75 117.65
Beam on H-F @ 3 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 6 15 84 210
Beam on 2 to 3 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 4.5 18.1 29.25 117.65
Beam on 1 to 3 @ F 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 12 42 168
P-2 Beam on 3 to 4 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 7.5 18.1 48.75 117.65
Beam on 3 to 4 @ F 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 7.5 12 48.75 78
Beam on H-F @ 4 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 9 15 126 210
P-3 Beam on 4 to 5' @H 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 18.1 115.3 185.53
Beam on 4 to 5' @F 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 12 115.3 123
Beam on H-F @ 5' 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 13.5 15 189 210
P-4 Beam on 5' to 7 @ H 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 18.1 161.4 185.53
Beam on 5' to 7 @ F 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 12 161.4 123
Beam on H-F @ 7 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 18 15 252 210
P-5 Beam on G-F @ 8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 13.5 136.5 87.75
Beam on H-G @ 8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 16.5 136.5 107.25
Beam on 7 to 8 @H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 19.5 18.1 126.8 117.65
Beam on 7 to 8 @F 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 18 12 117 78
P-6 Beam on E-F @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 10.5 -0.65 68.25
Beam on E-F @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 10.5 39 68.25
Beam on 1 to 3 @ E 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 9 42 126
Page | 202
P-7 Beam on 3 to 4 @E 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 4.5 9 29.25 58.5

Beam on E-F @ 4 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 9 10.5 58.5 68.25
P-9 Beam on E-F @5' 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 13.5 10.5 87.75 68.25
Beam on E-F @7 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 18 10.5 117 68.25
Beam on 5' to 7 @ E 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 9 161.4 92.25
P-10 Beam on 7 to 8, @E 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 19.5 9 126.8 58.5
Beam on E-F @8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 10.5 136.5 68.25
P-11 Beam on E-D @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 7.5 -0.65 48.75
Beam on 1 to 3 @ D 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 6 42 84
Beam on E-D @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 7.5 39 48.75
P-12 Beam on 3 to 4 @ C 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 7.5 3 105 42
Beam on D-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 4.5 -0.65 29.25
Beam on D-C @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 4.5 39 29.25
P-13 Beam 1 to 3 @B 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 0 42 0
Beam B-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 1.5 -0.65 9.75
Beam B-C @3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 1.5 39 9.75
P-14 Beam E-C' @4 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 9 6.75 92.25 69.188
Beam C'-B @4 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 9 2.25 92.25 23.063
P-15 Beam 4 to 5' @E 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 9 115.3 92.25
Beam 4 to 5' @C' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 8.45 4.5 95.06 50.625
Beam E-C' @5' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 13.5 6.75 151.9 75.938
P-16 Beam B-C', @5' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 13.5 2.45 151.9 27.563
Beam 4-5' @B 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 11.45 0.2 128.8 2.25
P-17 Beam E-C' @7 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 18 6.95 202.5 78.188
P-18 Beam 1-3 @A 25 3 0.25 0.4 7.5 1.5 -0.9 11.25 -6.75
Beam A-B @1 25 0.8 0.25 0.4 2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -1.4
Beam A-B @2 25 0.8 0.25 0.4 2 3.075 -0.7 6.15 -1.4
P-19 Beam 3-4 @A 25 2.85 0.25 0.4 7.125 4.575 -0.7 32.6 -4.988
Beam A-B @3 25 1.76 0.25 0.4 4.4 6 -0.98 26.4 -4.312
p-20 Beam A-B @4 25 1.76 0.25 0.4 4.4 9 -0.98 39.6 -4.312
Beam 3-4 @A 25 3 0.25 0.4 7.5 7.5 -0.98 56.25 -7.35
Total 455.18 4202 4076.5
4.3.4.6 Weight of shear wall on third floor

Page | 203
Table 4.30Weight of shear wall on third floor

1 1.7 0.2 3 25 25.5 10.55 9.85 269.025 251.2
2 1.7 0.2 3 25 25.5 12.05 9.85 307.275 251.2
3 1.5 0.2 3 25 22.5 10.55 9.1 237.375 204.8
4 1.5 0.2 3 25 22.5 10.55 10.4 237.375 234
total 96 1051.05 941.1
4.3.4.7 Weight of stair on third floor
Table 4.31Weight of stair on third floor

flight 3 1.8 0.17 1.1 25 8.415 11.195 11.31 94.2059 95.17
flight 2 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.398 9.66 9.945 90.7849 93.46
fight 1 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.398 12.695 9.945 119.308 93.46
landing 1 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.3763 10.295 11.31 55.3485 60.81
landing 2 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.3763 12.67 11.31 68.1171 60.81
total 27.211 304.299 282.1
Page | 204
4.3.4.8 Center of mass for third floor
Table 4.32Center of mass for third floor

BEAM 455.175 4202.021875 4076.45
COLUMN 396 3769.8 3829.92
SLAB 1965.325 19461.9797 17969.2
P WALL 422.205 4429.959975 3866.79
shear wall 96 1051.05 941.1
stair 27.21105 304.2987739 282.1
WALL ON BEAM 755.118 6478.77048 10596.8
total 4117.03405 39697.8808 41562.4
Xm= 9.642349401
ym= 10.09521906
Page | 205
4.3.5 Weight of slab for fourth floor
4.3.5.1 Weight of slab for fourth floor
Table 4.33 Weight of slab for fourth floor

s1 25 6 6 0.17 153 24.84 11.52 189.36 3 15 568.08 2840.4
s2 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 7.5 15 710.1 1420.2
s3 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 11.25 15 1597.725 2130.3
s4 25 4.5 6 0.17 114.75 18.63 8.64 142.02 15.75 15 2236.815 2130.3
s5 25 3 6 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 19.5 15 1846.26 1420.2
s6 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 10.5 284.04 994.14
s7 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 7.29 51.75 7.5 10.5 388.125 543.375
s8 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 10.935 77.625 11.25 10.5 873.2813 815.0625
s9 25 4.5 3 0.17 57.375 9.315 4.32 71.01 15.75 10.5 1118.408 745.605
s10 25 3 3 0.17 38.25 6.21 2.88 47.34 19.5 10.5 923.13 497.07
s11 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 5.76 94.68 3 7.5 284.04 710.1
s12 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 9.72 98.64 3 4.5 295.92 443.88
s13 25 6 3 0.17 76.5 12.42 8.28 97.2 3 1.5 291.6 145.8
s14 25 3 9 0.17 114.75 18.63 12.42 145.8 7.5 4.5 1093.5 656.1
s15 25 4 4 0.17 68 11.04 7.36 86.4 11 6.5 950.4 561.6
s16 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.0625 13.9725 9.315 109.35 11.25 2.25 1230.188 246.0375
s17 25 4.5 4.5 0.17 86.0625 13.9725 9.315 109.35 15.75 6.75 1722.263 738.1125
s18 25 5.8 1.76 0.17 43.384 7.044 8.27 58.698 5.9 -0.88 346.3182 -51.6542
s19 25 1.76 14 0.17 104.72 17.002 19.96 141.682 18.875 7 2674.248 991.774
s20 25 3.4 1 0.17 14.45 2.346 1.564 18.36 1.5 -0.5 27.54 -9.18
Total 1550.179 251.677 163.469 1965.325 19461.98 17969.22
Page | 206
4.3.5.2 Weight of column on fourth floor
Table 4.34Weight of column on fourth floor
descriptionγ (KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) W (KN) X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y

C B1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 0 0 0
C C1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 3 0 36
C D1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 6 0 72
C E1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 9 0 108
C F1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 12 0 144
C G1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 15 0 180
C H1 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 0 18 0 216
C H2 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 3 18 36 216
C H3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 18 72 216
C F3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 12 72 144
C E3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 9 72 108
C D3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 6 72 72
C C3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 3 72 36
C B3 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6 0 72 0
C H4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 18 108 216
C F4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 12 108 144
C E4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 9 108 108
C C'4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 4.5 108 54
C B4 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 9 0 108 0
C H5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 18 162 216
C F5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 12 162 144
Page | 207
C E5' 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 13.5 9 162 108

C D5 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 6.54 5.8 78.48 69.6
C B5 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 12.44 0.68 149.28 8.16
C H7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 18 216 216
C F7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 12 216 144
C E7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 18 9 216 108
C D7 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 17.3 5.55 207.6 66.6
C H8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 18 252 216
C G8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 15 252 180
C F8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 12 252 144
C E8 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 21 9 252 108
C C6 25 0.4 0.4 3 12 15.37 2.63 184.44 31.56
Total 396 3769.8 3829.92
Page | 208
4.3.5.3 Weight of partition wall on fourth floor slab
Table 4.35Weight of partition wall on fourth floor slab
descriptionLength ThicknessHeight γ (KN/m3)Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

PW1 2.72 0.1 3 14 11.424 1.36 12.8 15.5366 146.227
PW2 2.72 0.1 3 14 11.424 1.36 11.4 15.5366 130.234
PW3 1.5 0.1 3 14 6.3 2.56 11.4 16.128 71.82
PW4 0.83 0.15 3 14 5.229 5.365 8.875 28.0536 46.4074
PW5 2.2 0.15 3 14 13.86 4.875 7.85 67.5675 108.801
PW6 3.93 0.1 3 14 16.506 2.165 6.7 35.7355 110.59
PW7 3.93 0.1 3 14 16.506 2.165 5.3 35.7355 87.4818
PW8 1.3 0.1 3 14 5.46 3.78 5.9 20.6388 32.214
PW9 4.3 0.15 3 14 27.09 9.25 13.45 250.583 364.361
PW10 4.675 0.1 3 14 19.635 11.28 13.45 221.483 264.091
PW11 4.675 0.1 3 14 19.635 12.68 13.45 248.972 264.091
PW12 1.3 1 3 14 54.6 17.89 15.55 976.794 849.03
PW13 0.5 0.1 3 14 2.1 19.54 12.375 41.034 25.9875
PW14 7.3 0.15 3 14 45.99 14.55 13.425 669.155 617.416
PW15 0.4 0.15 3 14 2.52 7.48 8.875 18.8496 22.365
PW16 1.2 0.15 3 14 7.56 6.6 6.075 49.896 45.927
PW17 3.15 0.15 3 14 19.845 7.755 7.375 153.898 146.357
PW18 6.66 0.15 3 14 41.958 7.275 3.3 305.244 138.461
PW19 2.81 0.15 3 14 17.703 10.405 1.405 184.2 24.8727
PW20 2.79 0.15 3 14 17.577 16 6.3 281.232 110.735
PW21 2.63 0.15 3 14 16.569 10.315 1.31 170.909 21.7054
PW22 2.57 0.15 3 14 16.191 15.075 8.57 304.365 138.757
PW23 1.94 0.15 3 14 12.222 13.55 3.97 165.608 48.5213
PW24 2.27 0.15 3 14 14.301 10.685 3.52 152.806 50.3395
Total 422.205 4429.96 3866.79
Page | 209
4.3.5.4Weight of wall on beam on fourth floor
Table 4.36Weight of wall on beam on fourth floor
ID L (m) W (m) D (m) γ (KN/m3)Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

WB1 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 0.475 18.1 2.1945 83.622
WB2 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 2.525 18.1 11.6655 83.622
WB3 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 3.475 18.1 16.0545 83.622
WB4 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 5.525 18.1 25.5255 83.622
WB5 1.1 0.2 3 14 9.24 6.75 18.1 62.37 167.244
WB6 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 9.475 18.1 43.7745 83.622
WB7 2.05 0.2 3 14 17.22 12.275 18.1 211.376 311.682
WB8 1.3 0.2 3 14 10.92 17.15 18.1 187.278 197.652
WB9 1.1 0.2 3 14 9.24 20.65 18.1 190.806 167.244
WB10 0.95 0.2 3 14 7.98 21.1 13.475 168.378 107.531
Page | 210
WB11 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 21.1 12.35 53.172 31.122

WB12 0.35 0.2 3 14 2.94 21.1 11.125 62.034 32.7075
WB13 0.45 0.2 3 14 3.78 21.1 10.025 79.758 37.8945
WB14 0.3 0.2 3 14 2.52 21.1 9.35 53.172 23.562
WB15 1.75 0.2 3 14 249.9 19.075 8.9 4766.84 2224.11
WB16 3.07 0.2 3 14 25.788 16.185 8.875 417.379 228.869
WB17 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 17.525 -0.462 80.9655
WB18 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 15.475 -0.462 71.4945
WB19 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 14.525 -0.462 67.1055
WB20 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 12.475 -0.462 57.6345
WB21 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 11.525 -0.462 53.2455
WB22 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 9.475 -0.462 43.7745
WB23 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 8.525 -0.462 39.3855
WB24 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 6.475 -0.462 29.9145
WB25 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 5.525 -0.462 25.5255
WB26 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 3.475 -0.462 16.0545
WB27 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 2.525 -0.462 11.6655
WB28 0.55 0.2 3 14 4.62 -0.1 0.475 -0.462 2.1945
WB29 0.8 0.2 3 14 6.72 -0.1 -0.6 -0.672 -4.032
WB30 1.12 0.15 3 14 7.056 1.56 -0.9 11.0074 -6.3504
WB31 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 4.42 -0.9 27.846 -5.67
WB32 1.2 0.15 3 14 128.52 7.45 -0.9 957.474 -115.67
WB33 0.3 0.15 3 14 1.89 9 -0.9 17.01 -1.701
WB35 1.03 0.15 3 14 6.489 9 17.285 58.401 112.162
Page | 211
WB36 1.84 0.15 3 14 11.592 9 15.15 104.328 175.619

WB37 0.57 0.15 3 14 3.591 9 12.485 32.319 44.8336
WB38 5.6 0.15 3 14 35.28 13.5 15 476.28 529.2
WB40 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 13.5 10.5 221.13 171.99
WB41 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 9 10.5 147.42 171.99
WB42 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 11.875 42.21 74.8125
WB43 1 0.15 3 14 6.3 6.7 9.075 42.21 57.1725
WB45 1.7 0.15 3 14 10.71 5.875 4.05 62.9213 43.3755
WB46 2.6 0.15 3 14 16.38 5.875 1.5 96.2325 24.57
WB47 4.1 0.15 3 14 25.83 9.075 2.25 234.407 58.1175
Total 726.306 8876.76 5777.11
4.3.5.5 Wall on beam of fourth floor
Table 4.37Wall on beam of fourth floor
description γ (KN/m3)
L (m) W (m) D (m) Weight (KN) X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y
P-1 Beam on G-H @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 16.5 -0.65 107.25
Beam on F-G @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 13.5 -0.65 87.75
Beam on 1 to 2 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 1.5 18.1 9.75 117.65
Beam on H-F @ 3 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 6 15 84 210
Beam on 2 to 3 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 4.5 18.1 29.25 117.65
Beam on 1 to 3 @ F 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 12 42 168
P-2 Beam on 3 to 4 @ H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 7.5 18.1 48.75 117.65
Beam on 3 to 4 @ F 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 7.5 12 48.75 78
Beam on H-F @ 4 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 9 15 126 210
P-3 Beam on 4 to 5' @H 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 18.1 115.313 185.525
Beam on 4 to 5' @F 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 12 115.313 123
Beam on H-F @ 5' 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 13.5 15 189 210
P-4 Beam on 5' to 7 @ H 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 18.1 161.438 185.525
Beam on 5' to 7 @ F 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 12 161.438 123
Beam on H-F @ 7 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 18 15 252 210
Page | 212
P-5 Beam on G-F @ 8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 13.5 136.5 87.75
Beam on H-G @ 8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 16.5 136.5 107.25
Beam on 7 to 8 @H 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 19.5 18.1 126.75 117.65
Beam on 7 to 8 @F 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 18 12 117 78
P-6 Beam on E-F @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 10.5 -0.65 68.25
Beam on E-F @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 10.5 39 68.25
Beam on 1 to 3 @ E 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 9 42 126
P-7 Beam on 3 to 4 @E 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 4.5 9 29.25 58.5
Beam on E-F @ 4 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 9 10.5 58.5 68.25
P-9 Beam on E-F @5' 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 13.5 10.5 87.75 68.25
Beam on E-F @7 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 18 10.5 117 68.25
Beam on 5' to 7 @ E 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 15.75 9 161.438 92.25
P-10 Beam on 7 to 8, @E 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 19.5 9 126.75 58.5
Beam on E-F @8 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 21 10.5 136.5 68.25
P-11 Beam on E-D @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 7.5 -0.65 48.75
Beam on 1 to 3 @ D 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 6 42 84
Beam on E-D @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 7.5 39 48.75
P-12 Beam on 3 to 4 @ C 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 7.5 3 105 42
Beam on D-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 4.5 -0.65 29.25
Beam on D-C @ 3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 4.5 39 29.25
P-13 Beam 1 to 3 @B 25 5.6 0.25 0.4 14 3 0 42 0
Beam B-C @ 1 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 -0.1 1.5 -0.65 9.75
Beam B-C @3 25 2.6 0.25 0.4 6.5 6 1.5 39 9.75
P-14 Beam E-C' @4 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 9 6.75 92.25 69.1875
Beam C'-B @4 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 9 2.25 92.25 23.0625
P-15 Beam 4 to 5' @E 25 4.1 0.25 0.4 10.25 11.25 9 115.313 92.25
Beam 4 to 5' @C' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 8.45 4.5 95.0625 50.625
Beam E-C' @5' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 13.5 6.75 151.875 75.9375
Page | 213
P-16 Beam B-C', @5' 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 13.5 2.45 151.875 27.5625
Beam 4-5' @B 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 11.45 0.2 128.813 2.25
P-17 Beam E-C' @7 25 4.5 0.25 0.4 11.25 18 6.95 202.5 78.1875
P-18 Beam 1-3 @A 25 3 0.25 0.4 7.5 1.5 -0.9 11.25 -6.75
Beam A-B @1 25 0.8 0.25 0.4 2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -1.4
Beam A-B @2 25 0.8 0.25 0.4 2 3.075 -0.7 6.15 -1.4
P-19 Beam 3-4 @A 25 2.85 0.25 0.4 7.125 4.575 -0.7 32.5969 -4.9875
Beam A-B @3 25 1.76 0.25 0.4 4.4 6 -0.98 26.4 -4.312
p-20 Beam A-B @4 25 1.76 0.25 0.4 4.4 9 -0.98 39.6 -4.312
Beam 3-4 @A 25 3 0.25 0.4 7.5 7.5 -0.98 56.25 -7.35
Total 455.175 4202.02 4076.45
4.3.5.6 Weight of shear wall on fourth floor
Table 4.38 Weight of shear wall on fourth floor
description Length Height γ (KN/m3) Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

1 1.7 3 25 25.5 10.55 9.85 269.025 251.175
2 1.7 3 25 25.5 12.05 9.85 307.275 251.175
3 1.5 3 25 22.5 10.55 9.1 237.375 204.75
4 1.5 3 25 22.5 10.55 10.4 237.375 234
total 96 1051.05 941.1
Page | 214
4.3.5.7 Weight of stair on fourth floor
Table 4.39Weight of stair on fourth floor
description Length Thickness width γ (KN/m3)Weight X(m) Y(m) W * X W * Y

flight 3 1.8 0.17 1.1 25 8.415 11.195 11.31 94.2059 95.1737
flight 2 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.398025 9.66 9.945 90.7849 93.4634
fight 1 1.17 0.17 1.89 25 9.398025 12.695 9.945 119.308 93.4634
landing 1 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.37625 10.295 11.31 55.3485 60.8054
landing 2 1.15 0.17 1.1 25 5.37625 12.67 11.31 68.1171 60.8054
total 27.21105 304.299 282.1
4.3.5.8 Center of mass for fourth floor
Table 4.40Center of mass for fourth floor

BEAM 455.175 4202.02188 4076.451
COLUMN 396 3769.8 3829.92
SLAB 1965.325 19461.9797 17969.22
P WALL 422.205 4429.95998 3866.792
shear wall 96 1051.05 941.1
stair 27.21105 304.298774 282.1004
WALL ON BEAM 726.306 8876.75964 5777.108
total 4088.22205 42095.87 36742.69
Xm= 10.2968649
ym= 8.98745059
Page | 215
4.3.6 Weight of roof
 Slab type
Table 4.41 Weight of roof
γ
descrip- L W D W W of W To- X Y
(KN/ W*X W*Y
tion (m) (m) (m) (KN) CC tal (m) (m)
m3)
0.1
s15 25 4 4 68 11.04 79.04 11 6.5 869.44 513.76
7
0.1 86.062 13.972 100.03 11.2 2.2 1125.39 225.078
s16 25 4.5 4.5
7 5 5 5 5 5 4 8
0.1 86.062 13.972 100.03 15.7 6.7 1575.55 675.236
s17 25 4.5 4.5
7 5 5 5 5 5 1 3
-
0.1 297.525 -
s18 25 5.8 1.76 43.384 7.044 50.428 5.9 0.8
7 2 44.3766
8
0.1 121.72 18.8 2297.50
s19 25 1.76 14 104.72 17.002 7 852.054
7 2 8 3
0.1
s20 25 3.4 1 14.45 2.346 16.796 1.5 -0.5 25.194 -8.398
7
402.67 468.05 6190.60 2213.35
slab type 65.377
9 6 7 4
 Truss type
Table 4.41 Weight of roof
description W Total X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y

truss portion 1 20.78 4.5 13.5 93.51 280.53
truss portion 2 83.12 15 13.5 1246.8 1122.12
truss portion 3 83.12 4.5 4.5 374.04 374.04
total 187.02 1714.35 1776.69
Page | 216
4.3.6 .1 Weight of column roof
Table 4.42Weight of column roof
descriptionγ (KN/m3) L (m) W (m) D (m) W (KN) X (m) Y (m) W * X W * Y

C B1 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 0.2 1 1.2 6
C C1 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 0.2 4 1.2 24
C D1 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 0.2 7 1.2 42
C E1 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 0.2 10 1.2 60
C F1 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 0.2 13 1.2 78
C G1 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 0.2 16 1.2 96
C H1 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 0.2 19 1.2 114
C H2 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 3.2 19 19.2 114
C H3 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 6.2 19 37.2 114
C F3 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 6.2 13 37.2 78
C E3 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 6.2 10 37.2 60
C D3 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 6.2 7 37.2 42
C C3 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 6.2 4 37.2 24
C B3 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 6.2 1 37.2 6
C H4 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 9.2 19 55.2 114
C F4 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 9.2 1 55.2 6
C E4 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 9.2 13 55.2 78
C C'4 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 9.2 5.5 55.2 33
C B4 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 9.2 1 55.2 6
C H5' 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 13.7 19 82.2 114
C F5' 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 13.7 13 82.2 78
Page | 217
C E5' 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 13.7 10 82.2 60

C D5 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 6.74 6.8 40.44 40.8
C B5 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 12.64 1.68 75.84 10.08
C H7 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 18.2 19 109.2 114
C F7 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 18.2 13 109.2 78
C E7 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 18.2 10 109.2 60
C D7 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 17.5 6.55 105 39.3
C H8 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 21.2 19 127.2 114
C G8 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 21.2 16 127.2 96
C F8 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 21.2 13 127.2 78
C E8 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 21.2 10 127.2 60
C C6 25 0.4 0.4 1.5 6 15.57 3.63 93.42 21.78
Total 198 1924.5 2058.96
4.3.6 .2 Center of mass calculation of roof
Table 4.43 Center of mass calculation of roof
TYPE OF LOAD WEIGHT W*X W*Y

COLUMN 198 1924.5 2058.96
Slab type 374.04 6190.607 2213.354
Truss type 187.02 1714.35 1776.69
Total 759.06 9829.457 6049.004
Xm= 12.95
ym= 7.97
 Linear structural analysis
Sd(T) = αβγ Where Sd(T), design spectrum at period T
α, ratio of design bedrock acceleration to g=9.8 m ⁄ s2
Page | 218
β, design response factor
α= αoIα0 = the bedrock acceleration ratio (From EBCS-8-1995-table 1.1,
αo=0.05)
I = importance factor (From EBCS-8-1995-table 2.4, since our building
is hospital, it is classified under category I and its corresponding
Importance factor, I=1.4)
α= αoI = 0.05*1.4 = 0.07
β =1.2 S / T2/3S = site coefficient for soil characteristics (From EBCS-8-1995-table
1.2, site coefficient, S=1.2)
T = vibration period (The height of our building is 17.5m, which is less
Than 80m.Therefore we can use approximate expression for T)
T = CH3/4 H=17.5m
C=0.075(for RC moment resisting frames)
T = 0.075 x 17.5 3/4 = 0.642 < 2 sec …….ok!
β = (1.2 x 1.2) / 0.6422/3
= 1.935< 2.5 …..ok!
γ = γ0 kD kR kW ≤ 0.70γ0 = Basic value of the behavior factor
= 0.2 for frame system and dual system
kD = Factor reflecting the ductility class
= 1.5 for DC “M”
kR = Factor reflecting the regularity in elevation
Page | 219
= 1.00 for regular structures
kW = Factor reflecting the prevailing failure mode
= 1.00 for frame equivalent dual systems
γ = 0.2 x 1.5 x 1 x1
= 0.3< 0.7 …….ok!
Sd (T) = αβγ
= 0.07 x 1.935 x 0.3
= 0.04
Seismic base shear force, Fb = Sd(T1)WTWhere Sd(T1) = the design spectrum
WT=Total permanent load
WT = Wground + W1st + W2nd + W3rd + W4th + Wroo
Table 4.44 weight summery
description Weight
On ground 4190.689
On first 3952.38
On second 3985.56
On third 4117.034
On fourth 4088.22
On roof 759.06
Total 21092.943
Fb = Sd(T1)WT
Page | 220
= 0.04 * 21092.943
= 843.72 KN
Concentrated force at the top, Ft =0.07TFb
= 0.07 x 0.642 x 843.72
= 37.92KN
Portion of the base shear distributed over the height of the structure
(843.72 – 37.92)W i h i
Fi =
ΣW jh j
805.8W i h i
=
Σ W jh j
Lateral forces from earth quake loads at each floor are tabulated as shown below.
Table 4.45Lateral forces from earth quake loads at each floor
Floor level hi (m) Wi (KN) Wi*hi(KN.m) Ft (KN) Fb (KN) Fb-Ft(KN) Fi (KN)

Roof 1.65 759.06 1252.449 37.92 843.72 805.8 16.21135695
4th 3 4088.22 12264.66 37.92 843.72 805.8 158.7504011
3rd 3 4117.034 12351.102 37.92 843.72 805.8 159.8692827
2nd 3 3985.56 11956.68 37.92 843.72 805.8 154.7639923
1st 3 3952.38 11857.14 37.92 843.72 805.8 153.4755738
Ground 3 4190.689 12572.067 37.92 843.72 805.8 162.7293931
Total 62254.098
Page | 221
Accidental eccentricity
According to EBCS -8-1995 section2.3.2, in order to cover uncertainties in location of masses

and in special variation of the seismic motion action, the calculated center of mass at each floor
shall be considered displaced from its nominal location in each direction by an accidental eccen-
tricity.
Where: eu = accidental eccentricity of story mass I from its normal location applied in the same
direction at all floors.
Lx = 19.96
Ly = 21.4
ex = ± 0.05 Lx
= 0.05 * 19.96 = 0.998
ey = ± 0.05 Ly
= 0.05 * 21.4 = 1.07
Page | 222
CHAPTER FIVE
BEAM AND COLUMN DESIGN
Page | 223
5.1 BEAM DESIGN
Bending Moment & Shear Force diagrams of first flooron F (x-axis)
Depth determination
D = 400 mm
B = 250 mm
fcd=11.33MPa
fyd= 260.87 MPa
Assume - concrete cover 25mm
- Main bar - Ø 14mm
-Stirrup - Ø 8mm
Minimum depth requirement for serviceability i.e. deflection requirement is given by :-
( f l
)
d≥ 0 . 4+ 0 .6 yk e , f yk =300 MPa
400 β a
300 l e l
(
d≥ 0 . 4+ 0 .6
400 β a)=0 . 85 e
βa
Exterior span
le = 2.8m ßa = 24
d ≥ (0.85)* 2800/24 = 99.2mm
Interior span
le =2.8m ßa = 28
d ≥ (0.85) *2800/28 = 85mm
Overall depth, D = d + cover + Ø/2 + Østtirup
D = 99.2 +25+7+8
= 139.2mm < Dused = 400mm……………………ok!
Page | 224
.
Design for flexural reinforcement

In the analysis of a cross section of beam which has to resist a small axial load, the effect of the
ultimate axial load may be ignored if the axial load does not exceed 0.1 f ck times the cross – sec-
tion area. EBCS - 2, 1995 Art 4.3.1. (2)
A= 400mm * 250mm = 100000 mm2
0.1*fck *A = 0.1* 20*100000 = 200000N = 200KN
But the axial load in beam is 0.0KN.

The geometric ratio of reinforcement and at any section of beam where positive reinforcement
required by analysis shall not be less than that given by
0. 6
ρmin = =0.002
f yk
Where fyk =300MPa
And also shall not be greater than ρmax = 0.04 for this special case the balance steel ratio
Is given by:-
0 . 8 ε cu f cd
ρb = ∗
ε cu + ε yd f yd
0.8∗0 .0035 11. 33
ρb = ∗ =0.0253
260. 87 260 .87
0.0035+
200 ,000
However, for ductility purpose the steel is reduced by 25%,
ρmax =0.75 ρb=0.75∗0.0253=0.0190
To account for moment at face of support 10% reduction will be made for support moment.
Calculate minimum reinforcement for beam according EBCS 1/95 it is
0. 6 0. 6
ρmin = = =0. 002
f yk 300 [EBCS 2/95 part 2, sec.7.2.1.1]
deff = D – cover - Ø/2 - Øb = 400 - 25 – 7 – 8 = 360mm
Asmin = ρmin*b*d = 0.002*250*360 = 180mm2
Page | 225
Design of member, B10

 Checking the method of design
To check whether the Floor beams are singly reinforced or doubly reinforced we checked for the
maximum support moment as shown below.
→ If μ> μmax = 0.294(for 0% , redistribution of elastic moment, double reinforcement)
→ If μ> μmax , single reinforcement
Msupport = 11.857(at the center of column)
Critical moment (Design moment) found at face of the column

Msupport = 0.9*11.857=10.67KN.m
Mu 10.67∗106
μ = fcd . b . d
2 = 11.33∗250∗3602
= 0.029
μ=0.029< μmax = (0.294) (design as single reinforced beam)
Singly reinforcement is enough, i.e. no compression reinforcement is needed.
Design for Support Moment
 For support at -left
→ Msupport = 6.47
→ Mu = 0.9 *6.47 = 5.823KN
Mu
μ=
fcd . b . d 2
, d = 400-25-8-14/2 =360
b = 250mm
5.823∗10 6
μ= 2
z = 0.022
11.33∗250∗360
∴μ = 0.022< μmax = 0.298
So, design abeam as single reinforcement
Page | 226
 Provide reinforcement : for single reinforced beam
Mu
As =
fyd∗Z
d
Z= (1+√ 1−2 μ ¿ ¿ , d= 360 , μ = 0.022
2
360
Z= (1+√ 1−2∗0.022¿ ¿ = 356mm
2
MU 5.823∗106
As =
fyd . z
= = 62.7 mm2<Asmin=180 mm2
356∗260.87
 Number of bar(N) (using ∅ =14)
180
N=As/as = π 2 = 1.17
14
4
∴Provide 2∅ 14mm bars
 For support at- right
Msupport = 11.857(at the center of column)
Mu = 0.9*11.857=10.67KN.m
6
Mu 10.67∗10
μ = fcd . b . d 2 = 11.33∗250∗360
2 = 0.029
μ=0.029< μmax =(0.294) ( design as single reinforced beam)
MU
As = fyd . z
d 360
Z= 2 (1+√
1−2 μ = 2 (1+√
1−2∗0.029 = 355mm
10.67∗106
As = 260.87∗355
= 115.22mm2<Asmin=180 mm2
Page | 227
Number of bar(N) = (use ∅ = 14)
180
As
N= = π 142 = 1.17
as
4
∴Provide 2∅ 14mm bars
Design for Span Moment

For span moment(M= 5.93KN.m)
→ Check as single or double reinforced beam
Mu 5.93∗10 6
μ = fcd . b . d
2 = 11.33∗250∗. 3602
= 0.016< μmax =0.294
 Provide reinforcement
MU
As = fyd . z
d 360
Z= 2 (1+√
1−2 μ )= 2 (1+√
1−2∗0.016 ) = 177.09mm
5.93∗106
As = 260.87∗177.09
= 128.36mm2 <Asmin=180 mm2
Number of bar (use ∅ = 14mm)
180
N = As/as = π∗142 = 1.169 use 2
4
Provide 2∅ 14mm bars
For other are calculated in the same way & tabulated as follows
Page | 228
Table 5. 1 TTB Floor beam Reinforcement design

For Top Tie Beam
TTB Floor Beam Reinforcement Design
Axis-H Mu(KN.m) µ Z As(cal) As(min) As(prov) No of bar
At Axis 1 1.215 0.003 359.4592 12.956545 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-1 b/n 2 0.693 0.002 359.6396 7.3863226 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis 2 1.386 0.004 359.2786 14.787489 180 180 6ɸ 14
At Axis 2 2.688 0.007 358.7356 28.722175 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-2 b/n-3 2.109 0.006 358.9167 22.523997 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -3 4.219 0.011 358.009 45.172916 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -3 5.254 0.014 357.4621 56.340748 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-3 b/n-4 2.627 0.007 358.7356 28.07037 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis 4 1.904 0.005 359.0977 20.324359 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis 4 3.954 0.011 358.009 42.335556 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis 4 b/n- 5' 2.401 0.007 358.7356 25.655485 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-5' 4.802 0.013 357.6446 51.467495 180 180 3ɸ 14
Axis-5' 3.292 0.009 358.3726 35.211747 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis-5' b/n-7 2.55 0.007 358.7356 27.247599 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-7 5.097 0.037 353.212 55.314849 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-7 3.907 0.014 357.4621 41.896327 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis-7 b/n-8 2.183 0.006 358.9167 23.314312 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-8 4.365 0.012 357.8269 46.759925 180 180 2ɸ 14
Page | 229
Axis-1 Mu(KN.m) µ Z As(cal) As(min) As(prov) No of bar
At Axis B 1.209 0.003 359.4592 12.892562 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-B b/n C 0.605 0.002 359.6396 6.4483769 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 0.13 0 360 1.3842145 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 2.106 0.006 358.9167 22.491957 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-C b/n-D 1.053 0.003 359.4592 11.229006 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 1.756 0.005 359.0977 18.744525 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 1.632 0.004 354.5165 17.645999 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-D b/ E 0.816 0.002 356.1795 8.7818049 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 0.917 0.002 352.2742 9.9781733 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 4.567 0.012 333.7921 52.44662 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E b/n-F 2.428 0.007 338.9717 27.456665 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 4.855 0.013 314.4589 59.181761 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 2.683 0.007 358.7356 28.668749 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis F b/n-G 1.342 0.004 359.2786 14.318045 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-G 2.82 0.037 353.212 30.60386 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-G 2.518 0.018 356.7303 27.056915 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis-G b/n-H 1.259 0.022 355.9955 13.556381 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-H 1.152 0.003 359.4592 12.284724 180 180 2ɸ 14
Table 5. 24th Floor beam Reinforcement design

For Fourth Floor Beam
th
4 Floor Beam Reinforcement Design
Axis-F Mu(KN.m) µ Z As(cal) As(min) As(prov) No of bar
At Axis 1 76.649 0.209 317.3201 925.9157 180 925.91571 6ɸ 14
Axis-1 b/n 3 38.3685 0.105 339.9875 432.5879 180 432.58795 3ɸ 14
At Axis 3 76.737 0.209 317.3201 926.9787 180 926.97875 6ɸ 14
At Axis 3 7.149 0.019 356.5469 76.85837 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-3 b/n-4 3.5745 0.003 358.1909 38.25281 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -4 4.309 0.012 357.8269 46.16003 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -4 23.559 0.064 348.0857 259.4378 180 259.43778 2ɸ 14
Axis-4 b/n-5' 14.5475 0.04 352.6499 158.1274 180 180 2ɸ 14
'
At Axis 5 29.095 0.079 345.169 323.109 180 323.10905 2ɸ 14
At Axis 5' 27.803 0.076 345.7564 308.2364 180 308.23644 2ɸ 14
At Axis 5' b/n-7 18.125 0.049 350.9526 197.9667 180 197.96668 2ɸ 14
Axis-7 36.25 0.099 341.198 407.2528 180 407.2528 3ɸ 14
Axis-7 0.078 0 360 0.830529 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis-7 b/n-8 6.8615 0.019 356.5469 73.76748 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-8 13.723 0.037 353.212 148.9279 180 180 2ɸ 14
Page | 230
At Axis B 6.387 0.017 356.9135 68.59564 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-B b/n C 3.808 0.01 358.1909 40.75163 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 7.615 0.021 356.1795 81.95275 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 3.79 0.01 358.1909 40.559 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-C b/n-D 3.93 0.011 358.009 42.07859 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 7.858 0.021 356.1795 84.56792 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 4.228 0.012 357.8269 45.29232 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-D b/ E 4.66 0.013 357.6446 49.94555 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 9.32 0.025 355.4423 100.51 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 6.993 0.019 356.5469 75.18123 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E b/n-F 4.65 0.013 357.6446 49.83837 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 9.3 0.025 355.4423 100.2943 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 69.068 0.188 322.1886 821.7302 180 821.73021 5ɸ 14
At Axis F b/n-H 34.534 0.094 342.1999 386.8384 180 386.83837 3ɸ 14
Axis-H 67.509 0.037 353.212 732.6369 180 180 2ɸ 14
5. 3 3rd Floor beam Reinforcement design

For thrird Floor Beam
rd
At Axis 1 72.766 0.198 319.8914 871.9438 180 871.9437743 6ɸ 14
Axis-1 b/n 3 36.822 0.11 340.9969 413.9229 180 413.9229309 3ɸ 14
At Axis 3 73.644 0.201 319.1948 884.3906 180 884.3905744 6ɸ 14
At Axis 3 2.469 0.007 358.7356 26.38209 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-3 b/n-4 1.2345 0.003 359.4592 13.16449 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -4 2.314 0.006 358.9167 24.71338 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -4 20.68 0.056 349.6208 226.7336 180 226.7335646 2ɸ 14
Axis-4 b/n-5' 12.623 0.002 353.7723 136.7733 180 180 2ɸ 14
'
At Axis 5 25.245 0.069 347.1191 278.7786 180 278.7785838 2ɸ 14
At Axis 5' 16.734 0.046 351.5203 182.4786 180 182.4785823 2ɸ 14
At Axis 5' b/n-7 12.8195 0.035 353.5857 138.9757 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-7 25.639 0.07 346.9225 283.2899 180 283.2899359 3ɸ 14
Axis-7 11.872 0.032 354.1448 128.5007 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis-7 b/n-8 5.936 0.016 357.0966 63.71926 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-8 3.882 0.011 358.009 41.56465 180 180 2ɸ 14
Page | 231
At Axis B 1.433 0.004 359.2786 15.28894 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-B b/n C 0.821 0.002 359.6396 8.750607 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 1.642 0.021 356.1795 17.67123 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 4.434 0.01 358.1909 47.45082 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-C b/n-D 2.217 0.011 358.009 23.73746 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 0.814 0.021 356.1795 8.760281 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 6.418 0.012 357.8269 68.75262 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-D b/ E 3.209 0.013 357.6446 34.39383 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 0.316 0.025 355.4423 3.40785 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 6.443 0.019 356.5469 69.26822 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E b/n-F 3.222 0.013 357.6446 34.53317 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 4.329 0.025 355.4423 46.68539 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 78.701 0.214 322.1886 936.3379 180 936.3379475 5ɸ 14
At Axis F b/n-H 39.35 0.107 339.582 444.1837 180 444.1837012 4ɸ 14
Axis-H 78.696 0.214 316.1352 954.2064 180 954.2064483 5ɸ 14
5. 4 2ndFloor beam Reinforcement design

For 2nd Floor Beam
nd
At Axis 1 79.168 0.216 315.6584 961.3795204 180 961.37952 5ɸ 16
Axis-1 b/n 3 40.488 0.11 338.9717 457.8523278 180 457.852328 3ɸ 16
At Axis 3 80.976 0.221 314.4589 987.0859556 180 987.085956 3ɸ 16
At Axis 3 6.388 0.017 356.9135 68.6063755 180 180 2ɸ 16
Axis-3 b/n-4 4.9975 0.014 335.0726 57.17108454 180 180 2ɸ 16
At Axis -4 9.995 0.027 354.1448 108.1843582 180 180 2ɸ 16
At Axis -4 9.928 0.027 355.0726 107.178371 180 180 2ɸ 16
Axis-4 b/n-5' 7.4355 0.02 356.3633 79.97969612 180 180 2ɸ 16
'
At Axis 5 14.871 0.041 352.4622 161.7298447 180 180 2ɸ 16
At Axis 5' 13.908 0.038 353.0249 151.0156259 180 180 2ɸ 16
At Axis 5' b/n-7 11.408 0.031 354.3307 123.4136719 180 180 2ɸ 16
Axis-7 22.816 0.062 348.4708 250.9780031 180 250.978003 3ɸ 16
Axis-7 14.103 0.038 353.0249 153.1329718 180 180 2ɸ 16
At Axis-7 b/n-8 7.0515 0.019 356.5469 75.81015579 180 180 2ɸ 16
Axis-8 2.383 0.006 358.9167 25.45030082 180 180 2ɸ 16
Page | 232
At Axis B 1.618 0.004 359.2786 17.26273927 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-B b/n C 1.654 0.005 359.0977 17.6557197 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 3.307 0.009 358.3726 35.37218934 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 1.735 0.005 359.0977 18.52035893 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-C b/n-D 2.176 0.006 358.9167 23.23955291 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 4.351 0.012 357.8269 46.60995042 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 0.314 0.001 359.8199 3.345083886 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-D b/ E 3.394 0.009 358.3726 36.30275495 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 6.788 0.018 356.7303 72.93976811 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 3.208 0.009 358.3726 34.31326985 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E b/n-F 5.23 0.014 357.4621 56.08338653 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 10.452 0.028 354.8874 112.8941309 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 79.245 0.216 315.6584 962.3145728 180 962.314573 5ɸ 14
At Axis F b/n-H 39.623 0.108 339.3788 447.5331275 180 447.533128 3ɸ 14
Axis-H 78.452 0.214 316.1352 951.2478942 180 951.247894 5ɸ 14

At Axis B 1.433 0.004 359.2786 15.28894 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-B b/n C 0.821 0.002 359.6396 8.750607 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 1.642 0.021 356.1795 17.67123 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 4.434 0.01 358.1909 47.45082 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-C b/n-D 2.217 0.011 358.009 23.73746 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 0.814 0.021 356.1795 8.760281 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 6.418 0.012 357.8269 68.75262 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-D b/ E 3.209 0.013 357.6446 34.39383 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 0.316 0.025 355.4423 3.40785 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 6.443 0.019 356.5469 69.26822 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E b/n-F 3.222 0.013 357.6446 34.53317 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 4.329 0.025 355.4423 46.68539 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 78.701 0.214 322.1886 936.3379 180 936.3379475 5ɸ 14
At Axis F b/n-H 39.35 0.107 339.582 444.1837 180 444.1837012 4ɸ 14
Axis-H 78.696 0.214 316.1352 954.2064 180 954.2064483 5ɸ 14
Page | 233
Table 5. 51st Floor beam Reinforcement design
For First Floor Beam
1st Floor Beam Reinforcement Design
At Axis 1 69.915 0.019 321.7321 832.9876 180 832.9876 4ɸ 14
Axis-1 b/n 3 35.9985 0.098 341.3989 404.1893 180 404.1893 3ɸ 14
At Axis 3 71.997 0.01 457.6884 602.9857 180 602.9857 3ɸ 14
At Axis 3 6.469 0.018 356.7303 69.51199 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-3 b/n-4 5.9285 0.016 357.0966 63.63875 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -4 11.857 0.032 354.1448 128.3384 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -4 11.121 0.03 354.5165 120.2458 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-4 b/n-5' 7.68 0.021 356.1795 82.65228 180 180 2ɸ 14
'
At Axis 5 15.361 0.042 352.2742 167.148 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis 5' 49.46 0.135 333.7921 567.9899 180 567.9899 3ɸ 14
At Axis 5' b/n-7 40.485 0.011 338.9717 457.8184 180 457.8184 3ɸ 14
Axis-7 80.97 0.221 314.4589 987.0128 180 987.0128 5ɸ 14
Axis-7 13.419 0.037 353.212 145.6288 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis-7 b/n-8 6.709 0.018 356.7303 72.09088 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-8 8.088 0.022 355.9955 87.08817 180 180 2ɸ 14

At Axis B 6.387 0.017 356.9135 68.59564 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-B b/n C 3.808 0.01 358.1909 40.75163 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 7.615 0.021 356.1795 81.95275 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis C 3.79 0.01 358.1909 40.559 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-C b/n-D 3.93 0.011 358.009 42.07859 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 7.858 0.021 356.1795 84.56792 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis -D 4.228 0.012 357.8269 45.29232 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-D b/ E 4.66 0.013 357.6446 49.94555 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 9.32 0.025 355.4423 100.51 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E 6.993 0.019 356.5469 75.18123 180 180 2ɸ 14
At Axis E b/n-F 4.65 0.013 357.6446 49.83837 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 9.3 0.025 355.4423 100.2943 180 180 2ɸ 14
Axis-F 69.068 0.188 322.1886 821.7302 180 821.7302 5ɸ 14
At Axis F b/n-H 34.534 0.094 342.1999 386.8384 180 386.8384 3ɸ 14
Axis-H 67.509 0.037 353.212 732.6369 180 180 2ɸ 14
Page | 234
Table 5. 6Grade beam Reinforcement design
For Ground Floor Beam
Grade Beam Reinforcement Design
At Axis 1 6.87 0.01 457.6884 57.53729 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-1 b/n 3 3.759 0.005 458.8471 31.40269 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis 3 7.518 0.01 457.6884 62.96438 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis 3 21.629 0.03 452.9933 183.0236 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-3 b/n-4 10.8145 0.015 456.5237 90.80414 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis -4 21.561 0.03 452.9933 182.4482 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis -4 6.38 0.009 457.9206 53.40637 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-4 b/n-5' 3.2775 0.005 458.8471 27.38024 276 276 2ɸ 16
'
At Axis 5 6.555 0.009 457.9206 54.87128 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis 5' 15.975 0.022 454.8831 134.6181 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis 5' b/n-7 7.9875 0.011 457.4559 66.93052 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-7 11.919 0.017 456.0562 100.1807 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-7 26.147 0.036 451.5653 221.9544 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis-7 b/n-8 13.0735 0.018 455.8221 109.9408 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-8 19.92 0.028 453.4672 168.386 276 276 2ɸ 16

At Axis B 17.318 0.024 454.4121 146.0866 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-B b/n C 8.659 0.012 457.2232 72.59422 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis C 16.386 0.023 454.6477 138.1531 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis C 13.277 0.018 455.8221 111.6522 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-C b/n-D 8.12 0.011 457.4559 68.04079 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis -D 16.239 0.023 454.6477 136.9137 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis -D 13.782 0.019 455.5877 115.9586 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-D b/ E 7.914 0.011 457.4559 66.31463 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis E 15.828 0.022 454.8831 133.3794 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis E 12.321 0.017 456.0562 103.5595 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis E b/n-F 8.901 0.012 457.2232 74.62307 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-F 17.802 0.025 454.1763 150.2474 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-F 15.589 0.022 454.8831 131.3654 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis F b/n-G 7.795 0.011 457.4559 65.31748 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-G 13.911 0.019 455.5877 117.0439 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-G 14.127 0.037 353.212 153.3123 276 276 2ɸ 16
At Axis-G b/n-H 9.82 0.018 356.7303 105.5198 276 276 2ɸ 16
Axis-H 19.635 0.022 355.9955 211.4214 276 276 2ɸ 16
Page | 235
 Design for shear
The minimum web reinforcement,
0.4 0. 4
ρmin = = =0.00133
f yk 300 [EBCS 2/95 part 2, sec.7.2.1.1]
The maximum spacing between stirrups
2
S max =0. 5 d <300 mm , if V sd < V rd
3
2
S max =0. 3 d <200 mm , if V sd < V rd
3 [EBCS 2/95 part 2, sec.3.5.4.1b]
Where: Vsd = acting shear along critical section

Vrd = Shear resistance of section
Vrd = 0.25fcd bw d [EBCS 2/95 part 2, sec.4.5.2.1]

When Vsd > Vc, there exists a requirement for a shear reinforcement to withstand the excess
shear. Shear reinforcement are provided using vertical stirrups or inclined stirrups or bent up bars
or combination of them. Shear reinforcement ρ required by excess shear should not be less than
the minimum shearing reinforcement given by code.
The minimum shear resistance of concrete in beams
Vc = 0.25 * fctd* k1 * k2* bw * d
Where: k1 = (1+ 50 ρ) < 2.0
k2 = 1.6 – d > 1 (d in meters). For members where more than
50% of the bottom reinforcement is curtailed, k2 = 1
As
ρ=
bd
A v df yd
V s=
For longitudinal axis, S [EBCS 2/95 part 2, sec.4.5.4.4
Where: Av = is the area of shear resistance with in the distance, S.
Page | 236
Span – 10
36.0
4.65-X
52.0
By Triangle similarity
52.0/X =36.0/ (4.65-X)
52.0(4.65-X)=36.0X
241.8-52X=36X
X=2.747m
critical shear @ d distance from the face of support
36
2.75
1.90
52.0
Page | 237
Column section = 400*400
d=400-25-8-20/2=357mm=0.357
0.4
2.75−(0.357 + )
vcr1L= 2 *52.0=44.84
2.75
0.4
1.9−(0.357+ )
vcr1R= 2 *36=25.45
1.9
Ultimate shear resistance of concrete
Vrd=0.25fcd*bw*d
Vrd=0.25*11.33*250*357*10^-3=252.8KN
Concrete shear carting capacity
Vc = 0.25fctd*k1*k2*bw*d
(ɪ)For left
K1=1+50p=1+50(4*153.86)/ (250*410)
K1=1.3 >1 ok!!!
K2=1.6-d=1.6-0.410=1.19
(ɪɪ)for right
K1=1+50p=1+50(5*153.86)/(250*410)
K1=1.375 > 1ok!!!
K2=1.6-d=1.6-0.410=1.19
Vc L= 0.25fctd*k1*k2*bw*d
VcL = 0.25*1*1.3*1.19*250*410*10^-3
Page | 238
VcL = 39.64KN
Vc R= 0.25fctd*k1*k2*bw*d
VcR = 0.25*1*1.375*1.19*250*410*10^-3
VcR = 66.94KN
Check weather shear resistance of concrete is adequate or not
Vrd=252.8≥ Vcr,L and Vcr,R (ok)
Vc> VcrL and Vc > vcr ,R ,so
Only nominal web reinforcement is needed
Spacing b/n stirrups
Avdfyd
Smax=
0. 4 bw
Use Φ=8mm
2
π (8)
∗250
Smax= 4 =125.6mm
0.4∗250
Smax = 0.5 Φ ≤ 300mm if Vsd < 2/3 Vrd
Smax ≤ 0.5 Φ =0.5(410) =205

250
Use Φ 8mm @120 mm c/c
Hence, Vsd < Vc, the section is adequate and 8mm c/c @ 120mm shall be provided for nom-
inal web reinforcement for the whole span.
Page | 239
5.2 COLUMN DESIGN

A column is a vertical structural member transmitting axial compression loads with or without
moments. The cross sectional dimensions of a column are generally considerably less than its
height. Column support mainly vertical loads from the floors and roof and transmit these loads to
the foundation.
For buildings, a design method may be used which assumes the compression members to be iso-
lated. The additional eccentricity induced in the column by its deflection is then calculated as a
function of slenderness ratio and curvature at the critical section.
5.2.1 Check for Sway Mode

A frame may be classified as non-sway for a given load case if the critical load ration for that
load case satisfies the criterion:
N sd
≤ 0.1
N cr
Where: N sd is the design value of the total vertical load
N cr Is the critical value for failure in sway mode
In beam-and-column type plane frames in building structures with beams connecting each col-
umn at each story level may be classified as non-sway for a given load case, when first-order the-
ory is used, the horizontal displacements in each story due to the design loads (both horizontal
and vertical), plus the initial sway imperfection satisfy the following criteria:
Nδ
≤ 0.1
HL
Where: δ is the horizontal displacement at the top of the story, relative to the bottom of the story.
L is the story height
Page | 240
H is the total horizontal reaction at the bottom of the story
N is the total vertical reaction at the bottom of the story
Check for Sway and Non-Sway Mode

X-Z Plane AXIS F
Table 5. 7Checkfor Sway Mode in the X-Z Plane

STORY N(KN) H(KN) δ(mm) L(mm) Nδ/HL
ROOF -94.21 -46.83 -0.605 3000 -0.00041 NONSWAY
FOURTH -1211.51 -109.07 -0.615 3000 -0.00228 NONSWAY
THIRD -2525.92 -82.66 -0.309 3000 -0.00315 NONSWAY
SECOND -2437.05 -96.69 0.307 3000 0.002579 NONSWAY
FIRST -3213.74 -77.06 1.274 3000 0.01771 NONSWAY
GROUND -5905.03 143.22 0.617 1800 -0.01413 NONSWAY
Y-Z Plane AXIS 3
Table 5. 8Check for Sway Mode in the Y-Z Plane

STORY N(KN) H(KN) δ(mm) L(mm) Nδ/HL
ROOF -104.54 2.2 -0.626 3000 0.009915 NONSWAY
FOURTH -1249.47 32.86 -0.214 3000 0.002712 NONSWAY
THIRD -2425.45 62.31 -0.266 3000 0.003451 NONSWAY
SECOND -3658.9 86.21 0.183 3000 -0.00259 NONSWAY
FIRST -4665.25 79.62 0.842 3000 -0.01645 NONSWAY
GROUND -4902.69 131.4 0.435 1800 -0.00902 NONSWAY
Since the columns are in non-sway mode, it is better to assume that the whole frame is a non-
sway type frame. In addition, by considering the frame as sway, the design of the columns will
be a safe design.
Almost all compression members in RC structure subjected to moment due to
 The load may not be centered on the columns
Page | 241
 Unbalanced moments from beams
The bending moments can be converted in to un-equivalent axial load applied at eccentricity.
Therefore columns should be designed for the design moment obtained from the total eccentric-
ity.
Check for Slenderness Ratio
According to EBCS 2 for column with constant section isolated or belonging to a frame the slen-
derness is defined by
λ = Le/i (EBCS 2, 1995 Section 4.4.5)
Where: Le = the effective buckling length

i = the minimum radius of gyration of the gross concrete section
√ √ √ √
3 2 2
I b∗h /12 = h = 0.4 =0.1155
= =
Ag b∗h 12 12
Effective buckling length of a column in a framed structure may be obtained from
For an un-braced (sway) column
αm+0.4
Le =L* αm+0.8 ≥ 0.7L [EBCS 2 1995]
Where L =height b/n end restraints
Kc 1+ Kc 2 Kc 1+ Kc 3 α 1+α 2
α1 = Kb1+ Kb 2 α2 = Kb3+ Kb 4 αm = 2
In this project column at the intersection of Axis-F and Axis-3 for 1st floor is selected for design.
Page | 242
Column cross section ground floor to first floor is 400*400mm
Mo-
ment of inertia of beams and columns in X-X direction
Ic1 = Ic2 =Ic3 =bh3/12 =0.44/12 =0.00213m4
Ib1 =Ib2 = bh3/12 =0.25*0.403/12 = 0.00133m4
Ib3 =Ib4 = bh3/12 =0.3*0.53/12 = 0.00312m4
Stiffness coefficient of column and beams in X-X direction
Kc1 =Kc2 = 0.00213/L
= 0.00213/3
= 0.000711m2
Page | 243
Kc3 = 0.00213/L
= 0.00213/1.8
2
= 0.00118m
Kb1= 0.00133/L Kb2=0.00133/3
= 0.00189/6 = 0.00063m3
=0.000315m3
Kb3 =0.00312/L Kb4 =0.00312/3
= 0.00521/6 = 0.00173m3
=0.000868m3
Moment of inertia of beams and columns in Y-Y direction
Ic1 = Ic2 =Ic3 =bh3/12 =0.44/12 =0.00213m4
Ib1 =Ib2 = bh3/12 =0.25*0.403/12 = 0.00133m4
Ib3 =Ib4 = bh3/12 =0.3*0.53/12 = 0.00312m4
Stiffness coefficient of column and beams in Y-Y direction
Kc1 =Kc2 = 0.00213/L
= 0.00213/3
= 0.000711m2
Kc3 = 0.00213/L
= 0.00213/1.8
= 0.00118m2
Page | 244
Kb1= 0.00133/L Kb2=0.00133/3
= 0.00189/6 = 0.00063m3
=0.000315m3
Kb3 =0.00312/L Kb4 =0.00312/3
= 0.00521/6 = 0.00173m3
=0.000868m3
To find the effective buckling length in the X-X direction
0.000711+0.00118
α1 = 0.00063+0.000868 α2 = 0.000711+ 0.000711
0.000315+ 0.00173
= 1.262 = 0.695
1.262+ 0.695
αm =
2
αm =0.978
0.978+0.4
Le = 3* =2.32m, λ(x)=Le/i=(2.32/0.1155)=20.08
0.978+0.8
To find the effective buckling length in the Y-Y direction
0.000711+0.00118 0.000711+ 0.000711

α1 = 0.00063+0.000868 α2 =
0.000315+ 0.00173
= 1.262 = 0.695
1.262+ 0.695
αm = 2
αm =0.978
Page | 245
0.978+0.4
Le = 3* =2.32m, λ(x)=Le/i=(2.32/0.1155)=20.08
0.978+0.8
In x-direction
λx =20.08≤ 50-25(M1/M2)=λmax = 50-25*(1.825/40.8) =48.88 , M1 = 1.825KNm , M2 = 40.8KNm

for the representative column design of axis-F-3 of the ground floor from Etabs v9.0.4 analysis.
In y-direction
λy=20.08≤ 50-25(M1/M2)=λmax = 50-25*(1.825/40.8) =48.88 , M1 = 1.825KNm , M2 = 40.8KNm

for the representative column design of axis-F-3 of the ground floor from Etabs v9.0.4 analysis.
Therefore it is not slender so secondary effect is neglected
Design actions
Pd =1183.47KN
M1 = 1.825KNm (X-X direction)
M1 = 1.825KNm (Y-Y direction)
Calculation of eccentricities in X-X direction
Total = etot = ee + ea+ e2 where: ee= max [0.6e02 + 0.4e01, 0.4e02]
e01 = M1/Pd = 1.825/1183.47 = 0.00154
e02 = M2/Pd = 40.8/1183.47 = 0.03454
ee = max(0.6*0.03454 +0.4*0.00154 , 0.4*0.03454 )
Page | 246
(0.02423, 0.01816)
ee = 0.02423
Calculation of eccentricities in Y-Y direction
e01 = M1/Pd = 1.825/1183.47 = 0.00154
e02 = M2/Pd = 1.825/1183.47 = 0.03454
ee = max(0.6*0.03454 +0.4*0.00154 , 0.4*0.03454 )
(0.02423, 0.01816)
ee = 0.02423
ea = Le/300 ≥ 20mm [EBCS 2,1995]
= 2320/300 = 7.73(X-X direction) = 2320/300 =7.73(Y-Y direction)
= 20mm(X-X)= 20mm (Y-Y)
e2 =0.00 (both X-X and Y-Y) since secondary effect is neglected
etot= 0.02423 + 0.02 +0.00 = 0.04423( X-X direction)
etot= 0.02423 + 0.02 +0.00 = 0.04423( Y-Y direction)
Nsd = 1183.47KN
Msd x-x = etot*Nsd = 0.04423*1183.47 = 52.345KNm
Msd y-y = etot*Nsd = 0.04423*1183.47 = 52.345KNm
Reinforcement calculations
Cover ratio d’/h = (25+24/2+6)/400 = 0.1075 =0.1 is used
Page | 247
Nsd 1183.47∗0.001
νsd = fcd∗Ac = 11.33∗0.4∗0.4 = 0.65
Msdx−x 52.345∗0.001
μsd x-x = fcd∗Ac∗h = 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4 = 0.0721
Msdy− y 52.345∗0.001
μsd y-y = fcd∗Ac∗b = 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4 = 0.0721
Using biaxial chart no 2 of EBCS 2 part 2
For ν = 1.0 for ν = 0.8 for ν = 0.65
μ= 0.0721 →ω = 0.821 μ= 0.0721 → ω = 0.805 μ= 0.0721 →ω=0.789
All the above values of ω for each values of ν are interpolated on the respective μ values from
the chart chosen.
0.789∗Ac∗f cd 0.789∗0.4∗0.4∗11.33
As,tot = = = 0.005482m2 = 5482.80mm2
f yd 260.87
As,tot>Asmin = 0.008Ac= 1280mm2
As,tot<Asmax = 0.08Ac = 12800mm2
Therefore As tot =5482.80mm2
No of 24mmØ rods = 5482.80/ (π*242/4) = 10
Provide 10no of 24mmØ rods
On the choosen frame, column cross section on1st floor to 2ndfloor is 400*400mm
Page | 248
Moment of inertia of beams and columns in X-X direction
Ic1 = Ic2 =Ic3 =bh3/12 =0.44/12 =0.00213m4
Ib1 =Ib2 = Ib3 =Ib4 =bh3/12 =0.25*0.403/12 = 0.00133m4
Stiffness coefficient of column and beams in X-X direction
Kc1 =Kc2 = Kc3 = 0.00213/L
= 0.00213/3
= 0.000711m2
Kb1= Kb3=0.00133/L Kb2= Kb4 =0.00133/3
= 0.00133/6 = 0.000443m3
=0.000221m3
Moment of inertia of beams and columns in Y-Y direction
Ic1 = Ic2 =Ic3 =bh3/12 =0.44/12 =0.00213m4
Ib1 =Ib2 = Ib3 =Ib4 =bh3/12 =0.25*0.403/12 = 0.00133m4
Stiffness coefficient of column and beams in Y-Y direction

Page | 249
Kc1 =Kc2 = Kc3 = 0.00213/L
= 0.00213/3
= 0.000711m2
Kb1= Kb3=0.00133/L Kb2= Kb4 =0.00133/3
= 0.00133/6 = 0.000443m3
=0.000221m3
To find the effective buckling length in the X-X direction
0.000711+0.000711
α1 = 0.000443+0.000221 α2 = 0.000711+0.000711
0.000221+ 0.000443
= 2.145 = 2.145
2.145+2.145
αm = 2
αm =2.145
2.145+0.4
Le = 3* =2.59m, λ(x)=Le/i=(2.59/0.1155)=22.44
2.145+0.8
To find the effective buckling length in the Y-Y direction
0.000711+0.000711
α1 = 0.000443+0.000221 α2 = 0.000711+0.000711
0.000221+ 0.000443
= 2.145 = 2.145
2.145+2.145
αm = 2
αm =2.145
Page | 250
2.145+0.4
Le = 3* =2.59m, λ(x)=Le/i=(2.59/0.1155)=22.44
2.145+0.8
To check the slenderness of the column
In x-direction

for the representative column design of axis-F-3 of the 1st floor from Etabs v9.0.4 analysis.
In y-direction

for the representative column design of axis-F-3 of the 1st floor from Etabs v9.0.4 analysis.
Design actions
Pd = 901.37KN
e01 = M1/Pd = 14.65/901.37 = 0.0162
e02 = M2/Pd = 56.8/901.37 = 0.063
ee = max(0.6*0.063 +0.4*0.0162 , 0.4*0.063 )
Page | 251
(0.0455, 0.0107)
ee = 0.0455
e01 = M1/Pd = 14.65/901.37 = 0.0162
e02 = M2/Pd = 56.8/901.37 = 0.063
ee = max(0.6*0.063 +0.4*0.0162 , 0.4*0.063 )
(0.0455, 0.0107)
ee = 0.0455
ea = Le/300 ≥ 20mm [EBCS 2,1995]
= 20mm(X-X)= 20mm (Y-Y)
Nsd = 901.37KN
Page | 252
Nsd 901.37∗0.001
νsd = = = 0.497
fcd∗Ac 11.33∗0.4∗0.4
Msdx−x 59.04∗0.001
μsd x-x = = = 0.081
fcd∗Ac∗h 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4
Msdy − y 59.04∗0.001
μsd y-y = = = 0.081
fcd∗Ac∗b 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4
Using Biaxial chart no 2 of EBCS 2 part 2
For ν = 1.0 for ν = 0.8 for ν = 0.497
μ= 0.081 →ω = 0.367 μ= 0.081 → ω = 0.55 μ= 0.081 →ω=0.535
the chart chosen.
0.535∗Ac∗f cd 0.535∗0.4∗0.4∗11.33
As,tot = = = 0.0037177m2 = 3717.744mm2
f yd 260.87
No of 24mmØ rods = 3717.744/ (π*242/4) = 11.9
Provide 12 no of 24mmØ rods
On the choosen frame, column cross section on 2nd floor to 3rd floor is 400*400mm
Page | 253
Effective length of the column is the same with 2nd floor
Le=2.59m, λ(x)=Le/i=(2.59/0.1155)=22.44
In x-direction

for the representative column design of axis-F-3 of the 2nd floor from Etabs v9.0.4 analysis.
In y-direction

for the representative column design of axis-F-3 of the 2nd floor from Etabs v9.0.4 analysis.
Design actions
Pd = 594.87KN
Page | 254
e01 = M1/Pd = 15.14/594.87 = 0.0254
e02 = M2/Pd = 74.5/594.87 = 0.125
ee = max(0.6*0.125 +0.4*0.0254 , 0.4*0.125 )
(0.0851, 0.05)
ee = 0.0851
e01 = M1/Pd = 15.14/594.87 = 0.0254
e02 = M2/Pd = 74.5/594.87 = 0.125
ee = max(0.6*0.125 +0.4*0.0254 , 0.4*0.125 )
(0.0851, 0.05)
ee = 0.0851
ea = Le/300 ≥ 20mm [EBCS 2,1995]
= 20mm(X-X)= 20mm (Y-Y)
Page | 255
Nsd = 594.87KN
Nsd 594.87∗0.001
νsd = = = 0.328
fcd∗Ac 11.33∗0.4∗0.4
Msdx−x 62.52∗0.001
μsd x-x = = = 0.086
fcd∗Ac∗h 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4
Msdy − y 62.52∗0.001
μsd y-y = = = 0.086
fcd∗Ac∗b 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4
For ν = 1.0 for ν = 0.8 for ν = 0.328
μ= 0.086 →ω = 0.804 μ= 0.086 → ω = 0.801 μ= 0.086 →ω=0.802
the chart chosen.
0.802∗Ac∗f cd 0.802∗0.4∗0.4∗11.33
As,tot = = = 0.005573m2 = 5573.14mm2
f yd 260.87
No of 24mmØ rods = 5573.14/ (π*242/4) = 12
Page | 256
On the choosen frame, column cross section on 3rd floor to 4th floor is 400*400mm
Le=2.59m, λ(x)=Le/i=(2.59/0.1155)=22.44
In x-direction and y-direction
λx =22.44≤ 50-25(M1/M2)=λmax = 50-25*(10.95/59.017) =45.36 , M1 = 10.95KNm , M2 =

59.017KNm for the representative column design of axis-F-3 of the 3 rd floor from Etabs v9.0.4
analysis.
Design actions
Pd = 301.98KN
Page | 257
Calculation of eccentricities in X-X and Y-Y direction
e01 = M1/Pd = 10.95/301.98 = 0.036
e02 = M2/Pd = 59.017/301.98 = 0.195
ee = max(0.6*0.195 +0.4*0.036 , 0.4*0.195 )
(0.1314, 0.078)
ee = 0.1314
ea = Le/300 ≥ 20mm [EBCS 2,1995]
= 20mm(X-X)= 20mm (Y-Y)
Nsd = 301.98KN
Page | 258
Nsd 301.98∗0.001
νsd = = = 0.166
fcd∗Ac 11.33∗0.4∗0.4
Msdx−x 45.71∗0.001
μsd x-x = = = 0.063
fcd∗Ac∗h 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4
Msdy − y 45.71∗0.001
μsd y-y = = = 0.063
fcd∗Ac∗b 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4
For ν = 1.0 for ν = 0.8 for ν = 0.166
μ= 0.063 →ω = 0.601 μ= 0.063 → ω = 0.509 μ= 0.063 →ω=0.606
the chart chosen.
0.606∗Ac∗f cd 0.606∗0.4∗0.4∗11.33
As,tot = = = 0.004211m2 = 4211.13mm2
f yd 260.87
No of 24mmØ rods = 4211.13/ (π*242/4) = 9.3
On the choosen frame, column cross section on 4th floor to roof is 400*400mm
Page | 259
Le=2.59m, λ(x)=Le/i=(2.59/0.1155)=22.44
In x-direction and y-direction
λx =22.44≤ 50-25(M1/M2)=λmax = 50-25*(25.25/55.25) =38.57 , M1 = 25.25KNm , M2 =

55.25KNm for the representative column design of axis-F-3 of the 3 rd floor from Etabs v9.0.4
analysis.
Design actions
Pd = 9.39KN
Page | 260
Calculation of eccentricities in X-X and Y-Y direction
e01 = M1/Pd = 25.25/9.39 = 2.68
e02 = M2/Pd = 55.25/9.39 = 5.88
ee = max(0.6*5.88 +0.4*2.68 , 0.4*5.88 )
(4.6, 2.35)
ee = 4.6
ea = Le/300 ≥ 20mm [EBCS 2,1995]
= 20mm(X-X)= 20mm (Y-Y)
etot= 4.6 + 0.02 +0.00 = 4.62 ( X-X direction)
Nsd = 9.39KN
Nsd 9.39∗0.001
νsd = = = 0.00517
fcd∗Ac 11.33∗0.4∗0.4
Msdx−x 43.38∗0.001
μsd x-x = = = 0.059
fcd∗Ac∗h 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4
Page | 261
Msdy − y 43.38∗0.001
μsd y-y = = = 0.059
fcd∗Ac∗b 11.33∗0.4∗0.4∗0.4
For ν = 1.0 for ν = 0.8 for ν = 0.00517
μ= 0.059 →ω = 0.401 μ= 0.059 → ω = 0.503 μ= 0.059 →ω=0.245
the chart chosen.
0.245∗Ac∗f cd 0.2450.4∗0.4∗11.33
As,tot = = = 0.0017025m2 = 1702.518mm2
f yd 260.87
No of 24mmØ rods = 1702.518/ (π*242/4) = 9
Provide 9 no of 24mmØ rods
Lateral ties
Ø ≥ (6mm, 24/4) [EBCS-2, 1995 section 7.2.4.3]
= 6mm
S ≤ {12*24 =288, 400, 300} [EBCS-2, 1995 section 7.2.4.3]
= 280mm
Use 6mm Ø ties at 280mm c/c spacing.
Shear Reinforcement Determination
Max shear force =47.27KN, it occurs at the 4th floor with Nsd=471.06KN
Page | 262
Limiting value of ultimate shear force:
v RD =0.25 f cd b w d
= 0.25*11.33*400*400*0.001
= 453.2 KN > 47.27KN
Shear resistance of cross-section:
Vc = 0.25*fctd*k1*k2*bw*d
k1 = (1+50*0.0226) = 2.131>2
=2
k2= 1.6-0.357 = 1.243 >1.0
= 1.243
Vc = 0.25*1.0*2*1.243*400*400
=99.44 KN
Additional shear capacity of concrete: [EBCS-2, 1995 section 4.5.3.2]
0 . 1×b w ×d
V cn = N sd
Ac
0 . 1×357×357×471 .06
V cn =
400×400
= 37.52KN
Vtot= 99.44 +37.52
= 136.96KN > 47.27KN
Nominal shear reinforcement is to be provided
Page | 263
Lap Length
The length of lap, lo, shall be at least equal to [EBCS-2, 1995 section 7.1.6.5]
l o ≥a1 lb ,net≥lo , min

where lo ,min=0 .3 aa1 lb ≥15 φ
or≥200 mm
α1 is a function of the percentage of reinforcement lapped
Required anchorage length lb, net depends on the type of anchorage and on the stress in the rein-
forcement and calculated as
As
l b , net=al b ≥l b ,min
A s , eff
For bar in tension
lb ,min=0 . 3lb ≥10 φ

or ≥300 mm
For bar in compression
l b ,min=0 . 6 lb ≥10 φ
or≥200 mm
Where Ascal = the theoretical area of reinforcement required by the design
Asprov = the area of reinforcement actually provided
a = 1.0 for straight bar anchorage in tension or compression
= 0.7 for anchorage in tension with standard hook
lb, min = minimum anchorage length
Page | 264
The basic anchorage length is the embedment length required to develop the full design
strength of a straight reinforcing bars
Basic anchorage length, lb, for a bar diameter Ø is
φ f yd
lb=
4 f bd
For good bond condition the design bond strength of deformed bars may be taken as twice the
value for plain bars:
fbd= 2fctd = 2*1.03 = 2.06MPa [EBCS-2, 1995 sec 7.1.5.1]
The percentage of lapped bars in compression in any one section may be 100% of the total steel
cross section
Therefore, α1 = 1.4 [EBCS-2, 1995 table 7.3]
φ 260 . 87
lb= ∗
4 2∗1 .03
α=1.0 for straight bar anchorage
lb=(260.87*24)/(4*2*1.03)=759.82mm
For bar in compression
l b ,min=0 . 6 lb ≥10 φ
or≥200 mm
lb,min=0.6*759.82=455.89 ≥ 240 (10Ø)
lo ,min=0.3aa1 lb ≥15φ
or≥200 mm
α1 = 1.4
Page | 265
α= 1.0
lo,min =0.3*1*1.4*759.82=319.12 ≤ 360(15Ø)
lo,min =360mm
As
l b , net=al b ≥l b ,min
A s , eff
3503. 35
l b , net =1∗759. 82 ≥l ,min
3619. 11 b
Lb ,net=735.52mm
The length of lap, lo
l o ≥a1 l b ,net≥l o , min

lo≥ 1.4*735.52=1029.72mm
Provide lap length
lo=1030mm
Page | 266
Detail drawing of column
Page | 267
CHAPTER SIX
FOUNDATION DESIGN
Page | 268
6.1 Introduction
Foundation is that part of a structure which transfers the load of the structure to soil on which it
rests. The main objectives of a foundation are the following
 To distribute the weight of the structure over larger area so as to avoid over loading of the
soil beneath.
 To load the sub structure evenly so as to avoid unequal settlement.
 To provide a level surface for building operations
 To take the sub structure deep into the ground and thus increase its stability and avoid over
turning
6.2 Structural Design of Isolated Footing

 Depth Determination
Once the size of the footing is determined, the footing must be designed structurally for
 Adequacy of the thickness of the footing
Check – punching shear (two way shear)
Diagonal tension (wide beam shear)
 Providing the necessary reinforcement to withstand the bending moment
A. Punching Shear criteria
 The critical section for punching is at a distance “1.5d” from the face of the column (Ac-
cording to EBCS – 2, 1995)
 The critical section for punching shear is at a distance of “0.5” from the face of the col-
umn. (According to EBCS-2, 1985)
We can use one of the above two methods in footing depth determination.
Page | 269
B. Wide Beam Shear Criteria
 The critical section for wide beam shear is at a distance of “d” from the face of the col-
umn and it is a one way shear consideration in both axis. (According to both EBCS-2,
1985, &1995).
Thus, let categorize into three groups and take the largest factored load and moment.
1. Group 1, 80KN – 600KN
There are 8 factored loads and its moments, from these the largest load is 567.23KN,
Mx = 29.816KNm and My = 33.686KN.m
2. Group 2, 601KN – 900KN
There are 7 factored loads and its moments, from these the largest load is 882.5,
Mx = 32.534KNm and My = 36.01KN.m
3. Group 3, 901KN – 1100KN
Mx = 35.897KNm and My = 38.787KN.m
4. Group 4, 1101KN – 1500KN
Mx = 36.841KNm and My =42.602KNm
5. Group 5, 1501KN – 2000KN
Mx = 44.094KNm and My =53.897KNm
Page | 270
Table 6. 1maximum load of each group

Un factored Load
Group Maximum load (KN) Mx (KNm) My (KNm)
1 80 – 600 567.23 29.816 33.686
2 601-900 882.5 32.534 36
3 901-1100 1071.52 35.897 38.787
4 1101-1500 1480.1 36.841 42.602
5 1501-2000 1959.32 44.094 53.897
The proportioning will be done using presumptive method
 Assume, L/B = 1.0
Due to moment (eccentric load) the base area should be modified or the axial force shifts from
the geometric centre of the footing.
6.2.1 Design of Group 1 Footing

Maximum load from supper structure, Ps = 567.23 KN
Assumptions
 Footing dimension = 2.10m * 2.10m

 Depth of footing below NGL = 1.8m
 Thick of footing pad, D = 0.45m
 Unit weight of selected material, γsoil = 16 m KN/m3
 Unit weight of concrete, γc = 25 m KN/m3
 Qult = 280 kpa from EBCS 7, 1995 table 6.3
Since the load from the superstructure is factored. Therefore, the allowable bearing capacity of
1.3+1.4
the soil must be factored by an average i.e. =1.45
2
Page | 271
σall = 1.45*280KN/m3
= 406KN/m3
 Soil weight and Own weight of footing
= 2.10m * 2.10m * 1.35m * 16KN/m3+ 2.10m * 2.10m * 0.45m * 25KN/m3
= 144.87KN
Total design load, Pmax = 567.23KN+ 144.87KN
= 712.1KN
Mx = 29.816KNm and My = 33.686KN.m
Column dimension; 0.4 * 0.4
 Calculate allowable soil pressure
p 6 ea 6 eb
σ= ( 1± ± )
A a b
Where: σ= the allowable soil pressure
a = length of footing
b = width of footing
P = load sustain by the footing
Mx 29.816 KNm
ea = P = 712.1 KN =0.042
My 33.686 KNm
eb = P = 712.1 KN =0.047
pmax 6 ea 6 eb
σ all= (1 ± ± )
A a b
Proportioning of the footing
Page | 272
pmax 6 ea 6 eb
Critical case, σ all= (1+ + )
A a b
712.1 6(0.042) 6 (0.047)

406 KN /m 2= (1+ + )
a∗a a a
By rearranging it will be, a3–1.75 a – 0.94 = 0
Then by trial and error solving for a; a = 1.54, take a = 1.6m
Therefore, a = b = 1.6m
712.1 6 (0.042) 6(0.047)

σ 1= (1+ + ) = 371.06KN/m2
2.56 1.6 1.6
712.1 6 ( 0.042 ) 6( 0.047)

σ 2= (1+ − ) = 273.15 KN/m2
2.56 1.6 1.6
712.1 6(0.042) 6 (0.047)

σ 3= (1− + )= 283.17 KN/m2
2.56 1.6 1.6
712.1 6 ( 0.042 ) 6 (0.047)

σ 4= (1− − ) = 185.25 KN/m2
2.56 1.6 1.6
σ 1+ σ 2+σ 3+σ 4
σ=
4
371.06+273.15+283.17+185.25
σ= = 278.16 KN/m2
4
σ avg = 278.16 KN/m2 <σ all = 406 KN/m2
 Determination of depth, D
In the structural design of footings adequacy of the thickness of the footing and provide the nec-
essary reinforcement to withstand punching shear and shear diagonal tension (wide beam shear)
moment and bond stress should be checked.
Using Punching Shear
Page | 273
Net punching shear force, Pp is given by
Pp = Pt – σ avgAc
Where: Pt = factored axial load
Ac = Critical section area
σ avg = average contact pressure
For the structural design, a simplifying assumption is made in which the contact pressure
distribution is assumed uniform and it magnitude is taken as the average of the each side contact
pressure.
Hence: σ avg = 278.16 KN/m2 <σ all = 406KN/m2
Figure 6. 1punching shear diagram
Punching shear resistance, vrd = 0.25fctdk1k2µd
Where; U= perimeter of critical section
d = effective depth
Page | 274
0.21 fck 2 /3
f ctd= fck = 0.8fcu
ϒc
As
K1 = 1+50ρ ≤ 2.0 ρ steel ratio =
bd
0.6
K2 = 1.6-d ≥ 1.0 ρ = ρmin = f
yk
0.6
ρ = ρmin = = 0.002
300
 K1 = 1+50ρ = 1+50*0.002 = 1.1 ≤ 2.0

 K2 = 1.6-d ≥ 1.0 assume k2 = 1.0
2/ 3
0.21(0.8∗25)
f ctd= =1.03 Mpa
1.5
 Ac = (0.4 + 3d) 2
 Ʋ= 4(0.4 + 3d)
Net punching shear force, Pp = Pt - σ avgAc
= 712.1 –278.16*(0.4 + 3d)2
= 676.6-2503.4 d2-667.58d ………..equation (*)
Punching shear resistance, Vrd = 0.25fctdk1k2µd
Vrd = 0.25*1.03Mpa*1.1*1*4(0.4+3d)*d
= 3.399d2+0.45d ………..equation (**)
Equating Eq. (*) and Eq. (**)
676.6-2503.4 d2-667.58d = 3.399d2+0.45d
d2+0.266d – 0.269 = 0
Solving for d: d = 0.4m
Page | 275
 Check d for wide beam shear
The check will do for critical section at d distance from the face of column.
Shear force carried by a concrete perimeter (wide beam shear resistance)
Vrd = 0.25fctdk1k2µd
= 0.25 * (1.03 * 103) * 1.1 * 1.0 * 1.0 * 0.4= 113.3KN/m
Section a-a
Shear force per meter width
Ʋw = σ avgA < ƲC
= 278.16KN/m2* 0.2m * 1m
= 55.63KN/m < ƲC= 113.3KN/m …….ok!
Therefore, the required depth of footing is
D = d + cover + Φ/2 = 400mm + 50mm + 16/2 = 458mm ≈ 500mm
 Design for Flexure
Page | 276
Figure 6. 2 design for flexure
M1-1 = 278.16KN/m * (0.4m)2/2= 22.25KN.m
 Reinforcement
0.6
ρ min = fyk =0.002
As, min = ρmin* bw *d
= 0.002 * 1 * 0.4 * 106
= 800mm2
Fcd = 0.68fcu/1.5
= 0.68(25)/1.5
= 11.3Mpa
ρ= √
1− 1−
2M
bd∗d∗fcd
fyd / fcd
ρ= √
1− 1−
2∗22.25∗106
2
1000∗400 ∗11.3
260.87 /11.3
= 0.00024 <ρ min = 0.002

As = ρbwd = 0.002 * 1000mm * 400mm
= 800mm2
 Use Φ16 mm
as = π d2 /4 = 125.66
 Spacing
S = (asb)/As
Page | 277
= (125.66*1000)/800
= 157.08mm
Take; S = 150mm c/c:
No of bars Φ16mm bars = 1600/150+1 = 12
Provide 12Φ16mm @ 150mm c/c along section 2-2
Moment along section 2-2 Reinforcement for section 1-1 same as Moment along section
2-2
 Development length
∅ b fyd
Lb = * fbd = 1.033Mpa
4 fbd
16 260.87
Lb = 4 * 1.033 = 1010.14mm >850mm-50mm > 800mm
-Bending up the bar is needed because Lb > Lavailable
6.2.2 Design of Group 5 footings

Maximum load from supper structure, Ps = 1959.32 KN
Assume - Footing dimension = 2.10m * 2.10m
- Depth of footing below NGL = 1.8m
- Thick of footing pad, D = 0.45m
- Unit weight of selected material, γsoil = 16 m KN/m3
-Unit weight of concrete, γc = 25 m KN/m3
Qult = 280 kpa from EBCS 7, 1995 table 6.3
Page | 278
Since the load from the superstructure is factored. Therefore, the allowable bearing capacity of
1.3+1.4
the soil must be factored by an average i.e. =1.45
2
σall = 1.45*280KN/m3 = 406KN/m3
Soil weight and Own weight of footing
= 2.10m * 2.10m * 1.35m * 16KN/m3+ 2.10m * 2.10m * 0.45m * 25KN/m3
= 144.87KN
Total design load, Pmax = 1959.32KN+ 144.87KN
= 2104.19KN
Mx = 44.094KNm and My = 59.897KN.m
Column dimension; c = 0.4
d = 0.4
p 6 ea 6 eb
σ= (1± ± )
A a b
Where;
σ= the allowable soil pressure
a = length of footing
b = width of footing
P = load sustain by the footing
Mx 44.094 KNm
ea = P = 2104.19 KN =0.02
My 53.897 KNm
eb = P = 2104.19 KN =0.026
Page | 279
pmax 6 ea 6 eb
σ all= (1 ± ± )
A a b
Proportioning of the footing
pmax 6 ea 6 eb
Critical case,σ all= (1+ + )
A a b
2104.19 6( 0.02) 6 (0.026)

406 KN /m 2= (1+ + )
a∗a a a
By rearranging you will get, a3–5.18a – 1.43 = 0
Then by trial and error solving for a; a = 2.4
Therefore, a = b = 2.4m
2104.19 6(0.02) 6(0.026)

σ 1= (1+ + ) = 382.8KN/m2
5.76 5.76 5.76
2104.19 6 ( 0.02 ) 6 (0.026)

σ 2= (1+ − ) = 363.11 KN/m2
5.76 5.76 5.76
2104.19 6 (0.02) 6(0.026)

σ 3= (1− + ) = 367.49 KN/m2
5.76 5.76 5.76
2104.19 6 ( 0.02 ) 6(0.026)

σ 4= (1− − ) = 347.76 KN/m2
5.76 5.76 5.76
σ 1+ σ 2+σ 3+σ 4
σ=
4
382.8+ 363.11+ 367.49+ 347.76

σ= = 365.29 KN/m2
4
σavg = 365.29 KN/m2<σall = 406 KN/m2
Determination of Depth, D
Page | 280
In the structural design of footings adequacy of the thickness of the footing and provide the nec-
essary reinforcement to withstand punching shear and shear diagonal tension (wide beam shear)
moment and bond stress should be checked.
Using Punching Shear
Net punching shear force, Pp
Pp = PT – σavgAc
Where; PT = factored axial load
Ac = Critical section area
σavg = average contact pressure
For the structural design, a simplifying assumption is made in which the contact pressure
distribution is assumed uniform and it magnitude is taken as the average of the each side contact
pressure.
Hence: σavg = 365.29 KN/m2<σall = 406KN/m2
Figure 6. 3 punching shear

Page | 281
0.21 fck 2 /3
Where; f ctd= fck = 0.8fcu
ϒc
As
K1 = 1+50ρ ≤ 2.0 ρ steel ratio = bd
K2 = 1.6-d ≥ 1.0
0.6
ρ = ρmin = f
yk
u= perimeter of critical section
d = effective depth
0.6
ρ = ρmin = 300 = 0.002
K1 = 1+50ρ = 1+50*0.002 = 1.1 ≤ 2.0
K2 = 1.6-d ≥ 1.0 assume k2 = 1.0
2/ 3
0.21(0.8∗25)
f ctd= =1.03 Mpa
1.5
Ac = (0.4 + 3d) 2
Ʋ= 4(0.4 + 3d)
Net punching shear force, Pp = PT - σavg * Ac
= 2104.19 –365.29*(0.4 + 3d)2
= 2045.7-3287.6 d2-876.69d -----------------------------------(*)
vrd = 0.25*1.03Mpa*1.1*1*4(0.4+3d)*d
vrd = 3.399d2+0.45d--------------------------------------(**)
Equating Eq. (*) and Eq. (**) you will get,

Page | 282
2045.7-3287.6 d2-876.69d = 3.399d2+0.45d
d2+0.266d – 0.622 = 0
Solving for d, d = 0.7m
Check d for wide beam shear
The check will do for critical section at d distance from the face of column
Shear force carried by a concrete perimeter (wide beam shear resistance)
vrd = 0.25fctdk1k2µd
= 0.25 * (1.03 * 103) * 1.1 * 1.0 * 1.0 * 0.7= 198.275KN/m
Section a-a
Shear force per meter width
Ʋw = σavg * A < ƲC
= 365.29KN/m2* 0.3m * 1m = 109.587KN/m < ƲC= 198.275KN/m …….ok!
Therefore, the required depth of footing is
D = d + cover + Φ/2 = 700mm + 50mm + 16/2 = 758mm ≈ 800mm
Design for Flexure
Page | 283
Figure 6. 4 flexural design

M1-1 = 365.29KN/m * (0.4m)2/2= 29.22KN.m
6.2.3 REINFORCEMENT
0.6
ρ min = fyk =0.002
As, min = ρmin bwd = 0.002 * 1 * 0.6 * 106 = 1400mm2
Fcd = 0.68fcu/1.5 = 0.68(25)/1.5 = 11.3Mpa
ρ= √
1− 1−
2M
bd∗d∗fcd
fyd/ fcd
√
6
2∗29.22∗10
1− 1−
ρ= 1000∗7002∗11.3 = 0.00023 <ρ min = 0.002
260.87/ 11.3
As = ρbwd = 0.002 * 1000mm * 700mm = 1400mm2
Use Φ16 mm
Page | 284
as = π d2 /4 = 384.85
Spacing = (asb)/As (384.85*1000)/1400 = 274.89mm
Take; S = 250mm c/c:
No of bars Φ16mm bars = 2400/250+1 = 11
Provide 11Φ16mm @ 250mm c/c along section 2-2
Moment along section 2-2 Reinforcement for section 1-1 same as Moment along section
2-2
Development length
∅ b fyd
Lb = * fbd = 1.033Mpa
4 fbd
16 260.87
Lb = 4 * 1.033 = 1010.14mm >850mm-50mm > 800mm
-Bending up the bar is needed because Lb > Lavailable
ISOLATED FOOTING REINFORCEMENT DETAIL

For group 5 category of foundation output
Page | 285
Conclusion
Every structural design must aim at creating a structure that is structural safe and economically
feasible. As a result all the design procedures must be in accordance with these two important
Page | 286
principles. Sometimes due to sophistication of architectural drawings it is hard to adhere to both
this principles simultaneously. The purpose of the building makes it inherently expensive since it
is intended to be a G+4 hospital building. It is also relatively high rising building.
For designing and analysis of this G+4 building EBCS code of 1995 was the main and funda-
mental reference for any relevant assumptions carried out in this project papers. On analysis of
this project many tedious calculation works were compiled with ETABS and the result was taken
for designing purpose, as the adequacy of each building elements was understandable by the pro-
gram and can generate the output results with acceptable sign convention.
From this what we conclude is that if this program is not available it was such difficult to com-
plete this project with in this time constraint. In accordance with the design and analysis, the
structure is economical and safe against lateral and different load application, but for actual im-
plementation as the soil bearing capacity for the foundation was taken from relevant assumption,
it needs further soil exploration and modification of foundations accordingly.
In general, we have tried to make the structure as economically as possible by systematically ad-
justing the design as well as the detail drawings.
Page | 287
Recommendation
It has been quite challenging to prepare a precise reinforcement detail; however, as it is essential
to achieve a quality performance of a structure under the situation it has been designed.Also we
recommend that structural as well as high way software like SAP,ETABS should be given in ap-
propriate and scheduled way.
In this projectthere is time constraint starting from late data provisionfor the groups till compil-
ing and submission of the documents thereby coincides
with exam schedule. Thus we recommend that the data have to be given on time
at the beginning of second semester likewise submission and presentation date
should be at least some days after examination.
REFERENCE
1. EBCS-1, 1995
Page | 288
2. EBCS-2, 1995
3. EBCS-3, 1995
4. EBCS-7, 1995
5. EBCE-8, 1995
6. Manual of cold formed galvanized steel sheet for roofing cladding window and door profiles
fittings Kality Steel Industry – 1985.
7. Senior students project, 2006, ADAMA
Appendix
1. Output for foundation design
Page | 289
COMBO point Fz Mx My
COMBO 1 157 82.33 25.77 26.798
COMBO 1 158 82.33 26.395 26.831
COMBO 1 21 417.63 26.841 28.649
COMBO 1 7 421.02 28.005 31.92
COMBO 1 9 424.77 28.352 32.393
COMBO 1 1 506.29 28.589 32.892
COMBO 1 2 566.63 28.73 33.296
COMBO 1 8 567.23 29.816 33.686
COMBO 1 15 636.13 29.835 33.758
COMBO 1 24 696.68 30.21 33.836
COMBO 1 23 698.02 31.547 34.36
COMBO 1 22 744.04 31.559 34.517
COMBO 1 16 750.38 31.966 35.089
COMBO 1 6 844.82 32.195 35.126
COMBO 1 4 882.5 32.534 36.01
COMBO 1 25 967.31 32.808 36.083
COMBO 1 3 994.49 34.633 36.117
COMBO 1 5 1016.78 34.851 36.15
COMBO 1 10 1021.8 35.59 38.436
COMBO 1 26 1033.28 35.825 38.565
COMBO 1 27 1071.52 35.897 38.787
COMBO 1 17 1121.1 35.992 38.862
COMBO 1 18 1167.78 36.092 41.749
COMBO 1 62 1200.83 36.209 41.866
COMBO 1 14 1308.81 36.453 42.053
COMBO 1 20 1315.68 36.551 42.275
COMBO 1 29 1480.1 36.841 42.602
COMBO 1 95 1508.45 37.816 42.802
COMBO 1 19 1653.71 37.82 44.4
COMBO 1 18 1661.72 39.23 46.101
COMBO 1 19 1730.35 39.354 47.015
COMBO 1 20 1825.99 43.269 53.864
COMBO 1 21 1959.32 44.094 53.897
2. Sample output of column

Col-
Story umn Load Loc P V2 V3 T M2 M3
ROOF C1 ENVET MAX 0 -23.34 -3.23 4.03 0.724 11.199 -3.84
Page | 290
ROOF C1 ENVET MAX 1.375 -18.29 -3.23 4.03 0.724 6.134 0.719
ROOF C1 ENVET MAX 2.75 -13.24 -3.23 4.03 0.724 1.068 5.279
ROOF C1 ENVET MIN 0 -34.47 -4.58 2.26 -0.415 2.43 -10.71
ROOF C1 ENVET MIN 1.375 -27.73 -4.58 2.26 -0.415 -0.821 -5.825
ROOF C1 ENVET MIN 2.75 -21 -4.58 2.26 -0.415 -4.072 -0.939
FOURTH C1 ENVET MAX 0 -92.88 -1.08 7.57 1.357 8.294 -6.04
FOURTH C1 ENVET MAX 1.375 -87.83 -1.08 7.57 1.357 6.541 4.886
FOURTH C1 ENVET MAX 2.75 -82.78 -1.08 7.57 1.357 5.712 15.812
FOURTH C1 ENVET MIN 0 -136.06 -7.95 0.6 -0.969 4.891 -9.19
FOURTH C1 ENVET MIN 1.375 -129.32 -7.95 0.6 -0.969 -5.341 -6.261
THIRD C1 ENVET MAX 0 -155.12 2.96 11.88 1.981 12.324 -1.013
THIRD C1 ENVET MAX 1.375 -150.07 2.96 11.88 1.981 5.145 3.983
THIRD C1 ENVET MAX 2.75 -145.01 2.96 11.88 1.981 9.815 20.269
THIRD C1 ENVET MIN 0 -237.02 -11.85 -3.4 -1.581 0.474 -12.304
THIRD C1 ENVET MIN 1.375 -230.28 -11.85 -3.4 -1.581 -4.008 -5.077
THIRD C1 ENVET MIN 2.75 -223.55 -11.85 -3.4 -1.581 -20.34 -9.141
SECOND C1 ENVET MAX 0 -217.37 5.97 16.08 2.302 23.196 8.877
SECOND C1 ENVET MAX 1.375 -212.31 5.97 16.08 2.302 1.09 0.662
SECOND C1 ENVET MIN 0 -346.18 -16.42 -6.73 -1.993 -10.277 -23.417
SECOND C1 ENVET MIN 1.375 -339.44 -16.42 -6.73 -1.993 -1.027 -0.845
FIRST C1 ENVET MAX 0 -277.61 7.68 14.14 1.777 27.305 22.809
FIRST C1 ENVET MAX 1.375 -272.56 7.68 14.14 1.777 7.86 12.251
FIRST C1 ENVET MAX 2.75 -267.5 7.68 14.14 1.777 -2.103 12.21
FIRST C1 ENVET MIN 0 -453.98 -15.27 -7.51 -1.617 -22.757 -29.791
FIRST C1 ENVET MIN 1.375 -447.24 -15.27 -7.51 -1.617 -12.43 -8.79
FIRST C1 ENVET MIN 2.75 -440.5 -15.27 -7.51 -1.617 -11.584 1.692
GROUN
D C1 ENVET MAX 0 -295.31 14.31 20.52 0.642 32.534 30.146
GROUN
D C1 ENVET MAX 0.75 -292.56 14.31 20.52 0.642 17.146 19.411
GROUN
D C1 ENVET MAX 1.5 -289.8 14.31 20.52 0.642 1.759 8.677
GROUN
D C1 ENVET MIN 0 -506.29 -19.12 -15.4 -0.605 -31.207 -31.92
GROUN
D C1 ENVET MIN 0.75 -502.62 -19.12 -15.4 -0.605 -19.658 -17.576
GROUN
D C1 ENVET MIN 1.5 -498.94 -19.12 -15.4 -0.605 -8.108 -3.232
ROOF C2 ENVET MAX 0 -31.03 0.65 2.85 0.724 9.315 -2.096
ROOF C2 ENVET MAX 1.375 -25.98 0.65 2.85 0.724 5.398 2.729
ROOF C2 ENVET MAX 2.75 -20.93 0.65 2.85 0.724 1.481 8.172
ROOF C2 ENVET MIN 0 -42.13 -3.96 -1.64 -0.415 -4.472 -3.424
Page | 291
ROOF C2 ENVET MIN 1.375 -35.39 -3.96 -1.64 -0.415 -2.224 -3.316
ROOF C2 ENVET MIN 2.75 -28.65 -3.96 -1.64 -0.415 0.025 -4.209
FOURTH C2 ENVET MAX 0 -115.93 7.75 0.8 1.357 8.24 5.936
FOURTH C2 ENVET MAX 1.375 -110.87 7.75 0.8 1.357 7.383 3.857
FOURTH C2 ENVET MIN 0 -156.16 -6.84 0.45 -0.969 -6.063 -5.543
THIRD C2 ENVET MAX 0 -200.56 14.47 1.76 1.981 5.706 17.234
THIRD C2 ENVET MAX 1.375 -195.5 14.47 1.76 1.981 6.059 3.341
THIRD C2 ENVET MAX 2.75 -190.45 14.47 1.76 1.981 6.411 22.219
THIRD C2 ENVET MIN 0 -269.81 -13.73 -0.26 -1.581 -3.598 -15.538
THIRD C2 ENVET MIN 1.375 -263.07 -13.73 -0.26 -1.581 -6.019 -2.666
THIRD C2 ENVET MIN 2.75 -256.33 -13.73 -0.26 -1.581 -8.44 -22.566
SECOND C2 ENVET MAX 1.375 -285.95 19.69 4.12 2.302 -0.324 2.564
SECOND C2 ENVET MIN 0 -391.13 -18.69 -2.83 -1.993 -4.591 -26.633
FIRST C2 ENVET MAX 0 -378.86 19.14 3.39 1.777 11.95 38.621
FIRST C2 ENVET MAX 1.375 -373.8 19.14 3.39 1.777 7.288 12.308
FIRST C2 ENVET MAX 2.75 -368.75 19.14 3.39 1.777 2.627 16.044
FIRST C2 ENVET MIN 0 -508.81 -19.19 -2.68 -1.617 -14.662 -36.728
FIRST C2 ENVET MIN 1.375 -502.07 -19.19 -2.68 -1.617 -10.972 -10.342
FIRST C2 ENVET MIN 2.75 -495.33 -19.19 -2.68 -1.617 -7.282 -14.005
GROUN
D C2 ENVET MAX 0 -421.86 25.61 8.56 0.642 25.77 36.445
GROUN
D C2 ENVET MAX 0.75 -419.1 25.61 8.56 0.642 19.349 17.234
GROUN
D C2 ENVET MAX 1.5 -416.34 25.61 8.56 0.642 12.928 3.922
GROUN
D C2 ENVET MIN 0 -566.63 -26.71 -7.65 -0.605 -26.615 -36.15
GROUN
D C2 ENVET MIN 0.75 -562.95 -26.71 -7.65 -0.605 -20.874 -16.114
GROUN
D C2 ENVET MIN 1.5 -559.28 -26.71 -7.65 -0.605 -15.133 -1.977
ROOF C3 ENVET MAX 0 -24.68 4.07 23.52 0.724 56.352 3.766
ROOF C3 ENVET MAX 1.375 -19.63 4.07 23.52 0.724 24.01 3.607
ROOF C3 ENVET MAX 2.75 -14.57 4.07 23.52 0.724 -3.982 4.707
ROOF C3 ENVET MIN 0 -33.61 -0.8 16.58 -0.415 37.207 1.91
ROOF C3 ENVET MIN 1.375 -26.87 -0.8 16.58 -0.415 14.346 -2.457
ROOF C3 ENVET MIN 2.75 -20.13 -0.8 16.58 -0.415 -8.516 -8.055
Page | 292
FOURTH C3 ENVET MAX 2.75 -178.66 11.62 51.59 1.357 -42.423 8.334
FOURTH C3 ENVET MIN 0 -254.24 -3 36.66 -0.969 51.369 0.082
FOURTH C3 ENVET MIN 1.375 -247.5 -3 36.66 -0.969 -4.623 -4.421
FOURTH C3 ENVET MIN 2.75 -240.76 -3 36.66 -0.969 -68.692 -20.402
THIRD C3 ENVET MAX 0 -352.79 18.18 46.42 1.981 71.145 22.904
THIRD C3 ENVET MAX 1.375 -347.74 18.18 46.42 1.981 10.588 4.011
THIRD C3 ENVET MAX 2.75 -342.69 18.18 46.42 1.981 -31.003 17.483
THIRD C3 ENVET MIN 0 -476.77 -9.8 30.25 -1.581 52.179 -9.461
THIRD C3 ENVET MIN 1.375 -470.03 -9.8 30.25 -1.581 0.384 -2.098
THIRD C3 ENVET MIN 2.75 -463.29 -9.8 30.25 -1.581 -56.516 -27.101
SECOND C3 ENVET MAX 2.75 -514.32 23.76 50.68 2.302 -37.666 19.338
SECOND C3 ENVET MIN 0 -711.18 -14.29 30.39 -1.993 45.9 -19.956
SECOND C3 ENVET MIN 1.375 -704.45 -14.29 30.39 -1.993 4.117 -0.309
SECOND C3 ENVET MIN 2.75 -697.71 -14.29 30.39 -1.993 -63.268 -29.513
FIRST C3 ENVET MAX 0 -683.32 20.94 25.4 1.777 34.301 40.056
FIRST C3 ENVET MAX 1.375 -678.27 20.94 25.4 1.777 -0.628 11.264
FIRST C3 ENVET MAX 2.75 -673.22 20.94 25.4 1.777 -35.188 11.945
FIRST C3 ENVET MIN 0 -928.73 -16.82 11.28 -1.617 -4.305 -34.319
FIRST C3 ENVET MIN 1.375 -921.99 -16.82 11.28 -1.617 -19.811 -11.187
FIRST C3 ENVET MIN 2.75 -915.25 -16.82 11.28 -1.617 -47.25 -17.527
GROUN
D C3 ENVET MAX 0 -727.92 24.83 10.66 0.642 26.841 36.009
GROUN
D C3 ENVET MAX 0.75 -725.17 24.83 10.66 0.642 18.843 17.384
GROUN
D C3 ENVET MAX 1.5 -722.41 24.83 10.66 0.642 10.844 3.685
GROUN
D C3 ENVET MIN 0 -994.49 -26.46 -16.05 -0.605 -31.019 -36.01
GROUN
D C3 ENVET MIN 0.75 -990.81 -26.46 -16.05 -0.605 -18.979 -16.162
GROUN
D C3 ENVET MIN 1.5 -987.14 -26.46 -16.05 -0.605 -6.94 -1.24
ROOF C4 ENVET MAX 0 -36.7 -0.31 18.75 0.724 43.658 -2.99
ROOF C4 ENVET MAX 1.375 -31.64 -0.31 18.75 0.724 17.879 2.433
ROOF C4 ENVET MAX 2.75 -26.59 -0.31 18.75 0.724 -3.366 7.963
ROOF C4 ENVET MIN 0 -50.07 -4.02 13.08 -0.415 27.86 -4.922
ROOF C4 ENVET MIN 1.375 -43.33 -4.02 13.08 -0.415 9.731 -3.862
ROOF C4 ENVET MIN 2.75 -36.59 -4.02 13.08 -0.415 -8.485 -3.438
FOURTH C4 ENVET MAX 2.75 -155.17 5.56 38.02 1.357 -29.092 13.64
FOURTH C4 ENVET MIN 0 -224.93 -6.92 26.34 -0.969 36.788 -5.399
Page | 293
3. Sample output of beam

Story Beam Load Loc V2 T M3
ROOF B1 ENVET MAX 0.2 -7.52 -0.533 -2.688
ROOF B1 ENVET MAX 0.633 -5.06 -0.533 0.039
ROOF B1 ENVET MAX 1.067 -2.6 -0.533 1.7
ROOF B1 ENVET MAX 1.5 -0.14 -0.533 3.045
ROOF B1 ENVET MAX 1.933 2.32 -0.533 3.987
ROOF B1 ENVET MAX 2.367 4.78 -0.533 4.636
ROOF B1 ENVET MAX 2.8 7.23 -0.533 4.219
ROOF B1 ENVET MIN 0.2 -13.39 -0.958 -9.267
ROOF B1 ENVET MIN 0.633 -10.11 -0.958 -4.355
ROOF B1 ENVET MIN 1.067 -7.65 -0.958 -0.508
ROOF B1 ENVET MIN 1.5 -5.19 -0.958 2.252
ROOF B1 ENVET MIN 1.933 -2.73 -0.958 1.825
ROOF B1 ENVET MIN 2.367 -0.27 -0.958 0.288
ROOF B1 ENVET MIN 2.8 2.19 -0.958 -2.314
FOURTH B1 ENVET MAX 0.2 -27.33 3.782 -6.909
FOURTH B1 ENVET MAX 0.633 -17.26 3.782 2.753
FOURTH B1 ENVET MAX 1.067 -7.19 3.782 8.051
FOURTH B1 ENVET MAX 1.5 2.88 3.782 11.975
FOURTH B1 ENVET MIN 0.2 -44.05 2.529 -21.754
FOURTH B1 ENVET MIN 0.633 -30.62 2.529 -7.147
FOURTH B1 ENVET MIN 1.067 -18.6 2.529 3.096
FOURTH B1 ENVET MIN 1.5 -8.53 2.529 8.968
FOURTH B1 ENVET MIN 1.933 1.54 2.529 5.558
FOURTH B1 ENVET MIN 2.367 11.61 2.529 -2.234
FOURTH B1 ENVET MIN 2.8 21.68 2.529 -14.39
Page | 294
THIRD B1 ENVET MAX 0.2 -21.57 2.674 0.615
THIRD B1 ENVET MAX 0.633 -11.47 2.674 7.775
THIRD B1 ENVET MAX 1.067 -1.37 2.674 10.558
THIRD B1 ENVET MAX 1.5 8.73 2.674 11.957
THIRD B1 ENVET MAX 1.933 18.83 2.674 12.274
THIRD B1 ENVET MAX 2.367 28.92 2.674 11.202
THIRD B1 ENVET MAX 2.8 39.02 2.674 5.753
THIRD B1 ENVET MIN 0.2 -43.03 1.441 -27.2
THIRD B1 ENVET MIN 0.633 -32.87 1.441 -10.767
THIRD B1 ENVET MIN 1.067 -22.77 1.441 1.29
THIRD B1 ENVET MIN 1.5 -12.67 1.441 8.952
THIRD B1 ENVET MIN 1.933 -2.57 1.441 2.996
THIRD B1 ENVET MIN 2.367 7.52 1.441 -7.35
THIRD B1 ENVET MIN 2.8 17.62 1.441 -22.072
SECOND B1 ENVET MAX 0.2 -19.32 3.08 6.052
SECOND B1 ENVET MAX 0.633 -8.34 3.08 12.045
SECOND B1 ENVET MAX 1.067 2.64 3.08 13.279
SECOND B1 ENVET MIN 0.2 -49.89 1.532 -33.665
SECOND B1 ENVET MIN 0.633 -38.91 1.532 -14.425
SECOND B1 ENVET MIN 1.067 -27.93 1.532 0.056
SECOND B1 ENVET MIN 2.367 5.02 1.532 -11.572
SECOND B1 ENVET MIN 2.8 16 1.532 -29.373
FIRST B1 ENVET MAX 0.2 -17.58 3.292 7.533
FIRST B1 ENVET MAX 0.633 -6.88 3.292 12.832
FIRST B1 ENVET MAX 1.067 3.81 3.292 13.496
FIRST B1 ENVET MAX 1.5 14.51 3.292 12.715
FIRST B1 ENVET MAX 1.933 25.21 3.292 14.727
FIRST B1 ENVET MAX 2.367 35.9 3.292 15.274
FIRST B1 ENVET MAX 2.8 46.6 3.292 11.185
FIRST B1 ENVET MIN 0.2 -49.39 1.685 -33.803
FIRST B1 ENVET MIN 0.633 -38.69 1.685 -14.719
FIRST B1 ENVET MIN 1.067 -28 1.685 -0.269
FIRST B1 ENVET MIN 1.5 -17.3 1.685 9.523
FIRST B1 ENVET MIN 1.933 -6.61 1.685 0.921
FIRST B1 ENVET MIN 2.367 4.09 1.685 -12.318
FIRST B1 ENVET MIN 2.8 14.78 1.685 -30.192
Page | 295
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MAX 0.2 -0.22 0.602 13.821
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MAX 0.633 4.82 0.602 12.825
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MAX 1.067 9.86 0.602 9.644
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MAX 1.5 14.9 0.602 5.78
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MAX 1.933 19.95 0.602 10.543
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MAX 2.367 24.99 0.602 14.511
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MAX 2.8 30.03 0.602 16.294
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MIN 0.2 -31.85 -1.372 -27.177
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MIN 0.633 -26.8 -1.372 -14.47
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MIN 1.067 -21.76 -1.372 -3.947
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MIN 1.5 -16.72 -1.372 4.279
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MIN 1.933 -11.68 -1.372 -3.272
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MIN 2.367 -6.64 -1.372 -13.007
GROUN
D B1 ENVET MIN 2.8 -1.59 -1.372 -24.928
ROOF B2 ENVET MAX 0.2 -4.41 0.001 1.215
ROOF B2 ENVET MAX 0.633 -1.95 0.001 2.594
ROOF B2 ENVET MAX 1.067 0.51 0.001 2.908
ROOF B2 ENVET MAX 1.5 2.97 0.001 2.659
ROOF B2 ENVET MAX 1.933 5.42 0.001 1.825
ROOF B2 ENVET MAX 2.367 7.88 0.001 0.753
ROOF B2 ENVET MAX 2.8 11.01 0.001 -1.386
ROOF B2 ENVET MIN 0.2 -8.67 -0.236 -4.542
ROOF B2 ENVET MIN 0.633 -6.13 -0.236 -1.352
ROOF B2 ENVET MIN 1.067 -3.67 -0.236 0.773
ROOF B2 ENVET MIN 1.5 -1.21 -0.236 1.832
ROOF B2 ENVET MIN 1.933 1.25 -0.236 0.338
ROOF B2 ENVET MIN 2.367 3.7 -0.236 -2.546
ROOF B2 ENVET MIN 2.8 6.16 -0.236 -6.495
FOURTH B2 ENVET MAX 0.2 -23.01 -0.09 -1.05
FOURTH B2 ENVET MAX 0.633 -12.94 -0.09 6.739
FOURTH B2 ENVET MAX 1.067 -2.87 -0.09 10.325
Page | 296
FOURTH B2 ENVET MAX 1.5 7.2 -0.09 12.103
FOURTH B2 ENVET MAX 2.8 42.89 -0.09 -6.439
FOURTH B2 ENVET MIN 0.2 -37.67 -0.526 -14.977
FOURTH B2 ENVET MIN 0.633 -24.24 -0.526 -2.645
FOURTH B2 ENVET MIN 1.067 -13.35 -0.526 5.323
FOURTH B2 ENVET MIN 1.5 -3.28 -0.526 8.928
FOURTH B2 ENVET MIN 1.933 6.79 -0.526 3.924
FOURTH B2 ENVET MIN 2.367 16.86 -0.526 -5.741
FOURTH B2 ENVET MIN 2.8 26.93 -0.526 -19.771
THIRD B2 ENVET MAX 0.2 -17.35 0.169 6.503
THIRD B2 ENVET MAX 0.633 -7.25 0.169 11.832
THIRD B2 ENVET MAX 1.067 2.85 0.169 12.784
THIRD B2 ENVET MAX 1.5 12.95 0.169 12.019
THIRD B2 ENVET MAX 1.933 23.05 0.169 10.087
THIRD B2 ENVET MAX 2.367 33.15 0.169 7.129
Page | 297
Moment 3-3 diagram of elevation -4
Page | 298
Frame span load in elevation view – 1
Page | 299

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ADAMA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED TO FACULITY OF CIVIL DEPARTMENT

DATE 14, JUNE 2019

ELIYAS MESGANU RAMIT/512/07

ESTIFANOS ERSIDO RAMIT/T/002/07

ELENI BELAY RAMIT/500/07

MARTA RAMET RAMIT/947/07

HENOK TILAHUN RAMIT/790/07

TSION GEZAHEGN RAMIT/1462/07

AYELECH MOGES RAMIT/239/06

Under guidance and supervision in academic year 2020

Project advisor name _____________________________ Sign_______________ Date

Rift Valley University Institute of Technology Department of Civil Engineering

Figure 3 1 Moment Determination for one way slab.....................................................................51

Figure 6. 1punching shear diagram.............................................................................................270

Table 2. 1 Cpe, 1 and Cpe, 10 values for 180o............................................................................12

Table 3.1 Slabs with intermediate span ratio.................................................................................39

Table 4.1Weight of slab for ground floor....................................................................................163

Table 5. 1 TTB Floor beam Reinforcement design.....................................................................226

Table 6. 1maximum load of each group......................................................................................267

1.1 Design data and material properties

Concrete grade C-25

Partial safety factor, (γC)γC = 1.5

fck = 0.8*25 = 20Mpa

fD = γf fK Where: - fK = characteristic load

γf = partial safety factor for loads

 1.6 for live loads

1.2 Design method and Design aids

Table 1. 1 load combinations

2. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF ROOF

2.1 Truss type Roof

2.1.1.1 Wind load determination

And the internal pressure acting on the internal surfaces becomes

Where: qref = reference mean wind velocity

Ce(ze)= exposure coefficients for external pressure

Ce(zi) = exposure coefficients for internal pressure

Ze & Zi = reference heights defined in Appendix A of EBCS-1

 Reference wind pressure

The reference wind pressure (qref) given by

Where:- ρ = air density in KN/m3

=density of air for altitude of 1284.5 is 1.026kg/m3

Vref = reference velocity for Ethiopia, Vref,0 = 22 m/s

Ce(z) is calculated as follows:

Where: Cr(z) is the roughness coefficient as defined in section 3.8.3 of EBCS-1

Ct(z) is the topographic coefficient as defined in section 3.8.4 of EBCS-1

- The roughness coefficient at a height Z is defined by

For terrain categories 3

Cr(Z)=KTln ¿ ¿) , for Zmin ≤ Z ≥ 200

External (cpe) and internal (cpi) wind pressure coefficients

 External wind pressure coefficients

The Cpe values are denoted below

Cpe = Cpe1 A < 1m2

Cpe = Cpe1 + (Cpe10 - Cpe1)*log 10 A 1 m2 < A < 10m2

Cpe = Cpe10 A > 10 m2

Case 1: wind direction ϴ=180⁰

Pitch angle: (α) =tan-1(h/L) = tan-1(1.65/9.4) = 9.96owq

Reference height (Ze=h) = 16.65m

= min (20m, 2*16.65m)

Figure 2. 1Elevation of Monopitch roof

Table 2. 1 Cpe, 1 and Cpe, 10 values for 180o

Cpe10 Cpe1 Cpe10 Cpe1 Cpe10 Cpe1

Project advisor name _______________ Sign_ Date

G 20 -1.3 248.2922.2163-1.3 = -715.376

H 105.60 -0.85 248.2922.2163-0.85= -467.746

G 20 -1.0 248.2922.2163-1.0= -550.289

H 105.598 -0.45 248.2922.2163-0.45= -247.630

G 4.418 -1.71 248.2922.2163-1.71= -940.995

Win= qref Ce cpi

Wi1= qrefCe (Z)Cpi1

= 248.2922.1630.8= 429.6445N/m2 (pressure)

Wi2 = qrefCe (Z)Cpi2

= 248.2922.163-0.5 = -268.53KN/m2 (suction)

= 1.30.0587 KN/m2 + 1.351.26 KN /m + 1.35*(-1.75034 KN/m2)