Gocotano, Ernest John A.

BEED-3 M-TPH (11:30-12:30PM)

1. CSE Theory, or Continuous Spontaneous Existence Theory, is a philosophical theory that

explains the nature of reality as continuous and self-existing. According to this theory, the
universe exists and operates based on its own natural laws, without the need for any external
force or creator. The theory suggests that reality is a constant process of self-creation, with new
forms and structures emerging spontaneously from the inherent properties of the universe. This
theory has been applied in various fields, including physics, biology, and social studies.

2.  Big Bang Theory of 1916 - The Big Bang Theory is a scientific theory that explains the
origin and evolution of the universe. The theory suggests that the universe began as a
singularity, a point of infinite density and temperature, and has been expanding and
cooling ever since. This theory was first proposed by Albert Einstein's general theory of
relativity in 1916, and later refined by the work of Georges Lemaitre and Edwin Hubble.
The Big Bang Theory is supported by various lines of observational evidence, including
the cosmic microwave background radiation, the abundance of light elements, and the
large-scale structure of the universe.

3. The History Foundation Theory is a philosophical theory that explains the nature of history as a
process of continuous development and progress. According to this theory, history is not a
series of isolated events but rather a coherent and meaningful narrative that reflects the
collective evolution of human society. The theory suggests that historical events and social
structures are shaped by the interactions between various social groups and cultural forces, and
that progress is achieved through the accumulation of knowledge and the expansion of social
consciousness.

Big Bang Theory

*Universe began as singularity
*Expansion and cooling
*Scientific theory
*Astronomy and physics
Gocotano, Ernest John A. BEED-3 M-TPH (11:30-12:30PM)

CSE Theory
History Foundation
Theory
*Continuous self-existence

*Natural laws Philosophy *History as continuous

development
*Applied in various fields
*Progress and evolution

*Shaped understanding of reality

Gocotano, Ernest John A. BEED-3 M-TPH (11:30-12:30PM)

1916 start of social studies

NCSS The National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS)

Alberta Dougan, Oliver Keels, Hazel Hertzberg and Rolla Tryon are believer of history foundation theory

1883

20th century = start of using social studies in school

Edmund James made important contributions to the field of social studies during his tenure as the
President of the University of Illinois. He believed that social studies education should be grounded in
empirical research and should focus on developing students' understanding of the social, economic, and
political forces that shape society. James advocated for the use of interdisciplinary approaches in social
studies education, bringing together fields such as history, economics, sociology, and political science.
He also emphasized the importance of teacher training in social studies education, advocating for the
development of specialized teacher education programs. Through his work, James helped to establish
social studies as a distinct and important field of study within American education.

social studies by nature is integrative

Timothy Litner

araling panlipuan k12 curriculom grade 4-6