A hydro power plant is to be used as peak load plant at an annual load factor of 30%.

The electrical ene

Problem 1 the year is 750 × 10^5 kWh. Determine the maximum demand. If the plant capacity factor is 24% find r
plant.

Given Parameters Symbol Value Units

Annual Load Factor LF 30 %
Electricity Generated Egen 75000000 kWh
Plant Capacity Factor CF 24 %

Parameters Symbol Formula

Annual Average Load Ave Load Egen / 8760
Maximum Demand Max Load Ave Load / LF
Plant Capacity PC Egen / (8760 * CF)
Reserve Capacity RC PC - Max Load

Maximum Demand 28538.81 kW

Reserve Capacity 7134.703 kW
factor of 30%. The electrical energy obtained during
lant capacity factor is 24% find reserve capacity of the

Value Units
8561.644 kW
28538.81 kW
35673.52 kW
7134.703 kW
 The maximum (peak) load on a thermal power plant of 60 MW capacity is 50 MW at an annual load f
MW, 8 mW and, 5 MW are connected to the power station. Determine:
(a) Average load on power station
Problem 2
(b) Energy generated per year
(c) Demand factor
(d) Diversity factor.

Given Parameters Symbol Value

Plant Capacity PC 60
Max Demand Max Load 50
Annual Load Factor LF 50
Connected Load 1 CL 1 25
Connected Load 2 CL 2 20
Connected Load 3 CL 3 8
Connected Load 4 CL 4 5

Parameters Symbol Formula

Average Load on Power Station Ave Load LF * Max Load
Annual Energy Generated Egen Ave Load * 8760
Demand Factor MaxDFLoad / Sum of Max Connected Load
Diversity Factor Sum
DVFof Max Connected Loads/ Max Loa

a. Average Load on Power Station 219000 MW

b. Annual Energy Generated 1.16 MWh
c. Demand Factor 0.862069 --
d. Diversity Factor 1.16 --
ty is 50 MW at an annual load factor of 50%. The loads having maximum demands of 25 MW, 20
ne:

Units
MW
MW
%
MW
MW
MW
MW

Formula Value Units

LF * Max Load 25 MW
Ave Load * 8760 219000 MWh
d / Sum of Max Connected
0.862069
Loads --
Max Connected Loads/ Max1.16
Load --
 Determine the thermal efficiency of a steam power plant and its coal bill per annum using the following data.
• Maximum demand = 24000 kW
• Load factor = 40%
Problem 3 • Boiler efficiency = 90%
• Turbine efficiency = 92%
• Coal consumption = 0.87 kg/kWh
• Price of coal = PhP 280 per tonne

Given Parameters Symbol

Maximum Demand Max Load
Load Factor LF
Boiler Efficiency e boiler
Turbine Efficiency e turbine
Coal Consumption Coal Consump
Price of Coal Cost

Parameters Symbol
Thermal Efficiency e thermal
Average Load Ave Load
Energy Generated per Annum Egen
Coal Consumption per Annum Coal Consump
Coal Bill per Annum Coal Bill

Thermal Efficiency 82.8 %

Coal Bill Per Annum ₱20,485,785.60
l bill per annum using the following data.

Value Units
24000 kW
40 %
90 %
92 %
0.87 kg/kWh
280 Php/tonne

Formula Value Units

e boiler * e turbine 82.8 %
LF * Max Load 9600 kW
Ave Load * 8760 hrs 84096000 kWh
Coal Consump * Egen 73163.52 tonne
Cost *Coal Consump 20485786 Php
 A power station has the following daily load cycle:
Time in 12 NN -
6– 8 8 – 12 NN 16 -20
Hours 16

Problem 4 Load, MW 20 40 60 20

Plot the load curve and the load duration curve. Also calculate the energy generated per day. What is the load

TIME, HRS LOAD, MW

0 20
1 20
2 20 LOAD
3 20
70
4 20
5 20 60
6 20
50
7 20
8 20 40
8 40
9 30
40
10 40 20
11 40
12 40 10

12 60 0
13 60 0 5 10

14 60
15 60
15 20
16 20 Average Load
17 20 Energy Generated Per day
18 20 Load Factor
19 20
20 20
20 50
21 50
22 50
23 50
24 50
24 20
840
 20 – 24
24 MN - 6
MN

50 20

ed per day. What is the load factor?

LOAD CURVE

5 10 15 20 25 30

35 MW
840 MW
58.33 %
 A power station has a daily load cycle as under:
• 260 MW for 6 hours;
• 200 MW for 8 hours :
• 160 MW for 4 hours,
Problem 5 • 100 MW for 6 hours.
If the power station is equipped with 4 sets of 75 MW each, calculate:
(i) daily load factor
(ii) plant capacity factor and
(iii) daily fuel requirement if the calorific value of oil used were 10,000 kcal/kg and the average

DAILY LOAD CYCLE

LOAD, MW TIME, HOURS
260 6
200 8
160 4
100 6

Given Parameters Symbol

Plant Heat Rate Plant H.R.
Calorific Value of Fuel Cal. Val of Fuel

Parameters Symbol
Daily Maximum Demand D. Max Load
Energy Generated per Day Egen
Daily Average Load D. Ave Load
Daily Load Factor D_LF
Power Station Capacity Power Sta. Cap.
Plant Capacity Factor CF
Daily Heat Required D. Heat required
Daily Fuel Requirement D. Fuel Req.

i Daily Load Factor 70.51

ii Plant Capacity Factor 61.11
ate:

were 10,000 kcal/kg and the average heat rate of station were 2860 kcal/kWh.

Value Units
2860 kcal / kWh
10000 kcal / kg

Formula Value Units

-- 260 MW
Sum of (Load * Time) 4400 MWh
Egen per Day / 24 hrs 183.3333 MW
D. Ave Load / D. Max Load 70.51282 %
4 * 75MW 300 MW
D. Ave Load / Power Sta. Cap. 61.11111 %
Plant H.R. * Egen 1.26E+10 kcal
1258400 kg
D. Heat Required / Cal. Val of Fuel
1258.4 tonne

%
%