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Chapter 2 (Trussed Structural System) PDF
Chapter 2 (Trussed Structural System) PDF
4324/9781315624501
TRUSS
02 Definition | Stability of Truss | Truss Members | Types of Trusses | Load
Distribution | Criteria of Trusses
03 SPACE FRAME
Definition | Geometric unit | Characteristic | Connection | Support
CABLE STAY
04 Definition | Types | Components | Arrangement | Load Transmission |
Applications
05 GEODESIC DOME
Definition | Types | Load Distribution
TRUSSED STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
DEFINITION COMMON USE
Andrea Palladio (1518-1580) an Italian architect
COMMON USE
Planar Space
Frame Truss Frame Truss
Triangular
truss
Rectangular
truss
TYPES OF FRAME TRUSS
Planar
Frame Truss
Rectangular truss
STABILITY OF THE TRUSS
The stable truss the frame occurs in a
truss pattern that is entirely
STRUCTURE SYSTEM
triangular
Each truss structure is a stable
arrangement of triangular
shape so that it cannot
change shape or collapse.
Stable
Deforms with resistance
TRUSS MEMBERS
Top chord
A top chord which is usually in
Webbing / compression.
Top chord posts
Bottom chord
A bottom chord which is usually
in tension.
Web
Bottom chord Webbing / posts between the top
and bottom chords.
ROOF TRUSS
MEMBERS
web
BRIDGE
TRUSS
MEMBERS
TYPES OF TRUSSES
KING POST TRUSS
The prat truss is the most popular steel truss since it is very
economical because thinner and lighter steel or iron can be used
as materials for diagonal members
Rectangular Pratt
HOWE TRUSS
Pratt Truss: green members in tension, red Howe Truss: green members in tension, red
members in compression, grey are zero force members in compression, grey are zero force
members members
Warren Truss: green members in tension, red Modified Warren Truss: green members in
members in compression, grey are zero force tension, red members in compression, grey are
members zero force members
CRITERIA OF TRUSSES
i. Unstable
When the trusses have amount of reaction at support plus amount of members less than 2 times amount of
joint {r+b<2n}
Tetrahedron Half-Octahedron
Tetrahedron (three-sided pyramid). Half-octahedron, i.e. (four-sided pyramid).
Unistrut
The joint for the
Triodetic system,
CONNECTION OF SPACE FRAME
The Triodetic
developed in Canada,
connector can be
consists of an
used for any type of
extruded aluminum
three-dimensional
connector hub with
space frame.
serrated keyways.
Triodetic
Each member end Originally only aluminum
is pressed in order structures were built in this
to form a coined system, but later space frames
edge that fits into were erected using galvanized
the hub keyway. steel tubes and aluminum hubs.
Mero
SUPPORT FOR SPACE FRAME
Corner Support
Pylon
Cables
Deck
ARRANGEMENT OF CABLE STAYS
Radial Cables connect evenly throughout the deck, but all converge on the top
of the pier
Harp Cables are parallel, and evenly spaced along the deck and the pier
Star-
Cables are connected to two opposite points on the pier
shaped
LOAD TRANSMISSION
Deck
Tension Cables
Pylon
Pile Cap
Compression
Piles
Soil
LOAD TRANSMISSION
Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge, located between Awaji island Sutong Bridge located between Nantong and
and Kobe designed by Japanese Government Changshu, China designed by Jiangsu Province and
National Communications Ministry
The Puente del Alamillo, Seville, Spain designed by Madison Square Garden, New York City designed by
Santiago Calatrava R.E. McKee
COMMON
APPLICATIONS OF
CABLE STAY
TRUSS Vs CABLE
Truss and cable elements are defined by their
ability to carry solely axial loads.
2 2
𝑅= 𝐹𝑥 + 𝐹𝑦
GEODESIC DOME
Geodesic dome is a hemispherical thin-shell
structure (lattice-shell) based on a geodesic
polyhedron.
It is the only Platonic Solid that has no parallel faces, and is the simplest
of all the Platonic Solids.
When a Tetrahedron has all faces the same size and shape, it is a Regular
Tetrahedron, otherwise it is an Irregular Tetrahedron.
Irregular Tetrahedron
Regular Tetrahedron
TYPES OF PLATONIC POLYHEDRON
When all three (length, width and height) are the same, a
cuboid is called a cube, and each of its faces is a square.
It has : 12 faces,
20 vertices and
30 edges.
29 kN 29 kN Referring figure:
The blue edges (line) are in
tension.
The red edges (line) are in
compression.
15 kN
25 kN 25 kN
THANKS