11.

1
11.1Body
BodyDefence
Defence
1.
Immunity

Antigen

Antibody studywithadmin - ns

2.
3.

Body Defence
System
First Line of Defence

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Second Line of Defence

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Third Line of Defence

immunity

Immunisation
ANTIGEN

Antibody

Lymphocyte

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11.2 Actions of Antibodies

Opsonination

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Decomposition
Precipitation

Agglutination

Neutralisation

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 Long-lasting Not long-lasting
IMMUNITY
Active (Produced by the body) Passive (Outside source)
Aktif (Dihasilkan oleh badan) Pasif (Sumber luar)
• •
• • • •
• •

STUDYWITHADMIN - NS
TYPES OF IMMUNITY
Active Natural ([Recovery Artificial
immunity from disease]) ([Vaccination])
Graph

example

Method of
acquisition

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 Passive Natural ([By Artificial
immunity placenta and breast ([Antiserum
milk]) injection])
Graph

example
Method of
acquisition

DIFFERENCES STUDYWITHADMIN - NS

Active immunity Passive immunity

• •

• •
• •
1 Acquired Immu nodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

• HIV destroys lymphocytes and weakens a person’s immunity. The person

infected has low resistance towards diseases which may lead to death due to
other infections.
• HIV can be transmitted through body fluids such as blood and the use of
syringe contaminated by HIV blood. The virus can also be transferred to
fetus through placenta.

2 Systemic Lu pus Erythematosus (SLE)

• A disease in which a patient’s immune system produces antibodies that

attack healthy body cells. This causes damage to the skin, joint, liver, brain
and other organs of the SLE patients. Among the symptoms a rash on the
cheeks and nose called a “butterfly rash”, joint pain and severe fatigue.