Agriculture contributes significantly to India's GDP and provides a significant number of jobs.

However, the industry has faced a variety of problems, including low production and inadequate
infrastructure. In order to solve these issues, India implemented a variety of economic reforms in
1991 with the aim of liberalising the economy, which also encompassed the agricultural sector. The
agricultural production changed significantly after the reforms, moving more towards high-value
commodities like fruits, vegetables, and floriculture that had previously gotten less attention. This
alteration led to a large increase in fruit and vegetable production between 1991 and 2011, by 60%
and 80%, respectively. In addition, the overall agricultural output increased by 3.3% year between
1991 and 2013. A multitude of factors, including as improved infrastructure, technological
advancements, and government policies that support agriculture, can be blamed for this increase in
productivity. A crucial element of agricultural performance is productivity, which measures output
per unit of input.