Assignment

Computer - Hardware & Software

Submited By : FAHMI RANA
Seat No # EB-21022012
Hardware:

The term hardware refers to the physical equipment of the computer. A

keyboard, disk drive, and monitor are examples of computer hardware.
(Software is discussed later.) Understanding the various physical
components Of a computer system will help you understand how the system
works as a whole. As described above, the general model of a computer
consists of an input system, storage system, process system, and output
system. Our discussion of computer hardware will, therefore, be organized
around these systems, along with communications as an additional function
Of which some computers are capable.

Input devices –
Mouse: A computer mouse is a handheld hardware input device that
controls a cursor in a GUI (graphical user interface) for pointing, moving
and selecting text, icons, files, and folders on your computer.

Keyboard: A keyboard is for putting information including letters,

words and numbers into your computer. You press the individual
buttons on the keyboard when you type.

Touchpad: A touch pad is a device for pointing (controlling input

positioning) on a computer display screen. It is an alternative to the
mouse.

Scanners: A scanner is a device that captures images from

photographic prints, posters, magazine pages and similar sources
for computer editing and display.
Joystick: A joystick is an input device that can be used for controlling the
movement of the cursor or a pointer in a computer device.

Webcam: A webcam is a digital video device commonly built into a computer.

Its main function is to transmit pictures over the Internet. It is popularly used with
instant messaging services and for recording images.

Output devices

Monitor : A traditional monitor is only used to display (output)

information from a computer and provides no source of input.

Printer: A printer is a device that accepts text and graphic

output from a computer and transfers the information to
paper.

Headphones: Headphones and earphones are used for everything from

listening to music and other content on devices like mobile phones, etc
when on the move, to more demanding applications like serious music
listening, audio and video editing and the like.
Speakers, etc.
Storage devices

Hard disk : A computer hard disk drive (HDD) is a non-volatile data

storage device. Non-volatile refers to storage devices that maintain
stored data when turned off.

DVD: DVDs are used in DVD-Video consumer digital video format and
in DVD-Audio consumer digital audio format

Internal components

– Motherboard: The motherboard is the backbone that ties

the computer's components together at one spot and allows
them to talk to each other.

CPU: All kinds of computing devices such as tablets, PCs, or

laptops feature a brain-like unit called the central processing
unit or CPU.

RAM: RAM is used to store information that needs to be used quickly. This means that
opening many programs, running various processes or accessing
multiple files simultaneously is likely to use a lot of RAM.
Software

Software acts as a middle layer between the user and a computer. They
communicate with all the hardware components in the computer and also control
the CPU, memory, and other devices.

System software –

Microsoft Windows :is an operating system that lets you use different types of applications
or software. For example, it allows you to use a word processing application to write a letter and
a spreadsheet application to track your financial information. Windows XP is a graphical user
interface (GUI).

Windows 7: It also claims improved performance by supporting 64-bit processing, which is

increasingly the standard in desktop PCs. In addition, Windows 7 is designed to sleep and
resume faster, use less memory, and recognize USB devices faster. There are also new
possibilities with media streaming and touch-screen capabilities.

Compilers: Compilers analyze and convert source code written in languages such as Java,
C++, C# or Swift. They're commonly used to generate machine code or bytecode that can be
executed by the target host system.

Translators: A translator or language translation program is a software application or service

that translates text or speech from one language to another.

Interpreters: Interpreters are frequently used to execute command languages, and glue
languages since each operator executed in command language is usually an invocation of a
complex routine such as an editor or compiler. Self-modifying code can easily be implemented
in an interpreted language.
Difference Between Hardware & Software