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3 6 PDF
3 6 PDF
UNDERSTAND PRACTICE
8. Make Sense and Persevere Two quantities of Use technology to perform a linear regression to
a data set have a strong positive correlation. determine the equation for the line of best fit for
Can the line of best fit for the data set have a the data. Estimate the value of y when x = 19.
correlation coefficient of 0.25? Explain. SEE EXAMPLES 1 AND 4
14. 15.
9. Error Analysis Describe and correct the x y x y
error a student made in determining the
12 35 16 105
equation for the line of best fit for the
data in the table. 14 39 20 83
16 41 24 62
x 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
18 44 28 34
y 4 17 28 40 55 67 72
20 48 32 15
13. Construct Arguments Arthur and Tavon Construct an argument for each scenario given.
each calculated lines of best fit for their last SEE EXAMPLE 5
five math tests. Based on the residual plots, 22. The average monthly heating bills for houses in
Arthur states that his scores are more closely a neighborhood are positively correlated to the
aligned to a linear model than Tavon’s scores. number of pets in the house. Can it be inferred
Make a mathematical argument to support or that the number of pets in a household causes
refute Arthur’s claim. an increase in average monthly heating bills?
Explain.
y y
6 6 23. A person’s level of education is positively
correlated to the salary the person earns. Can
4 4 it be inferred that a person with a doctorate
degree will always earn more than a person
2 2
with a bachelor’s degree? Explain.
x x
O 2 4 O 2 4
−2 −2
24. Make Sense and Persevere Temperatures at 27. Characterize the relationship of the two
different times of day are shown. How can you variables of different data sets represented
describe the relationship between temperature by the correlation coefficients shown.
and time? Would a linear model be a good fit a. r = −0.91 c. r = 0.87
for the data? Explain.
b. r = 0.54 d. r = 0.07
12 P.M., 76 °F 28. SAT/ACT Students who eat breakfast are
more likely to do well in school. Which of the
8 A.M., 69 °F 4 P.M., 79 °F
following can be inferred from this relationship?
Ⓐ The two events are causally related.
4 A.M., 66 °F 8 P.M., 72 °F Ⓑ The more often a student eats breakfast, the
better the student will do in school.
12 A.M., 67 °F 12 A.M., 67 °F
Ⓒ Without more evidence, it cannot be
determined whether the correlation
is causal.
25. Model With Mathematics The table shows the
number of miles people in the U.S. traveled by Ⓓ Providing free breakfast to all students will
close the achievement gap.
car annually from 1975 to 2015. The equation
for the line of best fit is y = 0.048x + 1.345, 29. Performance Task Use the table to answer
where x is the number of years since 1975. the questions.
What does the slope represent? Estimate the
number of miles people in the U.S. traveled in
2007. What is a reasonable prediction for the
number of miles people in the U.S. will travel
in 2022?
Daily
Vehicle-Miles Traveled Year Newspapers
Year in U.S. (in trillions) in U.S.
1940 1,878
1975 1.298
1950 1,772
1980 1.529 1960 1,763
1985 1.720 1970 1,748
1980 1,745
1990 2.118
1990 1,611
1995 2.387 2000 1,480
2000 2.697 2010 1,382
2005 2.973
2010 2.945
2015 3.055 Part A Use technology to determine the
equation for the line of best fit and the
26. Make Sense and Persevere The table shows
correlation coefficient for the data from 1940
the file size y in megabytes of photos taken
through 1980.
at different resolutions x in megapixels. The
equation for the line of best fit is y = 0.3x. Part B Find the line of best fit and the
Use this equation to create a residual plot. correlation coefficient for the data from
What does the residual plot tell you about 1940 through 2010.
the data?
Part C Compare the correlation coefficients of
x 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 the two data sets. What do they indicate?
y 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 3.0 3.6