MUHAMAD IRFAN BIN MOHD RIZAL

2020204326
ECO261 G1

Part A

Question 1

: There are two importance of structural change in economy. First is to make a

lot of money, which can lead to better living conditions, like a longer life
expectancy, literacy, and a better understanding of civic and political issues.
Second, structural change can also modernize economic activities because it
can make workers more productive, reduce costs, and make things safer.

Question 2

: There are two NEP techniques that can foster national unity. First, the
approach to eliminate poverty increased the poor's access to land, capital,
education, and other public goods. The second step is to restructure society to
reduce the Malays' and other indigenous people's dependence on subsistence
agriculture and to increase their role in the modern rural and urban economic
sectors.

Question 3

: National Policy 1 (NAP1) contributes mostly to the development of the

agricultural sector via FELDA, RISDA, and FELCRA. The primary purpose is
to modernise the agricultural sector, which can set the stage for
industrialization by raising labour productivity, agricultural surplus to
accumulate capital, and foreign exchange through exports. The government
and the people place a great deal of emphasis on eradicating poverty, as it is
a major problem in the nation. For instance, the government can educate and
raise the educational level of disadvantaged children in school, implement
economic development-promoting laws, and provide government-funded
empowerment. focused more on export crops, including land clearance, the
provision of infrastructure, services, and housing, and aid with agricultural
production, marketing, and processing.
Question 4

Poverty is a situation or condition in which an individual or society lacks the

financial resources and basic necessities for a subsistence level of living.
Absolute poverty is a circumstance in which a family's income is insufficient to
cover the cost of food, shelter, and clothes. The definition of relative poverty is
when a household's income is 50 percent less than the typical median income.
For instance, a person in relative poverty is unemployed and dependent on
government help to survive.

PART B

QUESTION 1

a) Malaysia has five strategies for promoting agriculture. First and

foremost, promote on social media sites like Facebook, Tik Tok,
and Twitter, as this is the simplest approach to attracting the
interest of young people in agriculture. Second, the government
can support agricultural products used by Malaysian agricultural
enterprises in terms of technology and innovation, such as
agricultural drones. Thirdly, the government should conduct a
school-based effort to teach the younger generation about
modern agriculture. Last but not least, peer-to-peer learning can
be used to alter people's perceptions of the agricultural sector's
value by highlighting the accomplishments of young farmers as a
source of motivation and education for young people. Lastly, this
can be accomplished by offering a competitive income or rate, as
the main barrier preventing young people from entering this
industry is the low pay.
b) The first priority is productivity. Utilizing inputs effectively to
produce maximum output. Second, the size of the farm is
insufficient. The tiny space makes technological and financial
methods difficult to implement. Third, the utilisation of less
effective technology. Farmers employ less advanced technology.
Next, climate and weather change. Climate conditions, such as
rainy and hot seasons, have an effect on productivity. Lastly, the
application of technology. The tissue culture approach can
rapidly generate high-quality, disease-resistant plant material.