AESTHETICS ARTS AND CRAFTS
Millinery- It is the art and craft of making
ART APPRECIATION || BARCEBAL, ANGELA A. BSN-2N
The difference between esthetics and craft will be learned
in this chapter. The word “esthetic,” meaning perception, is
derived from the Greek word “eisthesis.” Alexander
Baumgarten, a German philosopher, popularized it in the
18th century, a science dedicated to studying art and
beauty (1714- 1762). The laws that regulate nature and
beauty, especially visual art, are thus referred to as
esthetic arts (Rader, 1979). On the other side, the phrase
“Handwerk” comes from the English word Kraft (Craft),
meaning “power” or “capacity.” It is most frequently
employed in decorative arts or artistic pursuits. It also
refers to using your hands to utilize your skills for
pleasure purposes or usage. It prefers to do things for
other human purposes and shows its beauty for another
purpose than the object itself (Dutton, 1990). Due to the
design reform of William Morris, arts & crafts arose
throughout Europe during the 19th century. Morris, a
communist, felt a designer should produce finely
interwoven designs using any medium for fruit, flower, or
leaf pattern. If crafts are mass-produced, they can be
classified as industrial design.
Here are the Arts and Crafts Types:
Many countries are noted for their traditional textiles,
including unique designs that reflect their culture. Textile is
derived from the Latin word texere, which means to braid
or create. Any craft that uses fabric, yarn, or surface
design falls under this category. It makes practical and
ornamental items out of synthetic fibers. These crafts
include the following:
a. Cross-stitch- This craft is a popular form of counted
thread embroidery in which an X- shaped stitch pattern is
used to form a picture.
b. Crocket- creates fabric from yarn, thread, or other
material strands using a crochet hook.
c. Sewing-is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using
stitches made with a needle and thread.
d. Weaving- is a fabric-making technique that involves
interlacing threads at right angles to create a fabric or
cloth.
e. Tatting- is a handcrafting skill that entails creating durable
lace using a series of knots and loops.
f. Shoemaking- It is the ability to create footwear.
g. Lace- is a hand- or machine-made fabric patterned with
open holes in the work.
h. Macrame-is a type of textile-making that requires only a
few simple instruments and a basic understanding of
knotting.
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i.
hats.
j. String art - It's a pre-arranged pattern of
colored threads woven between points to
create an abstract geometric design.
1. WOOD CRAFTS- It is a skill that is related to
the woods. The following are examples of
woodcrafts:
a. Carpentry- Cutting, shaping, and installing
building materials during structures is a
skilled trade.
b. Marquetry- refers to the art and craft of
applying veneer pieces (thin slices of wood) to
a structure to form decorative designs.
c. Woodturning- is a type of woodworking in
which wooden items are created.
d. Wood carving - is a style of woodworking in
which a knife or a chisel is used to carve a
wooden figure or object.
e. Cabinetry- It is the ability to construct a box-
shaped piece of furniture with doors and
drawers to store various items.
f. Upholstery- It's the art of making a cushion
or piece of furniture.
1. METAL CRAFTS- These terms allude to
creating artistic metal designs for practical
and aesthetic objectives. Among Asian metal
crafts, metalwork offers elaborate and
exciting designs. Jewelry such as anklets,
bracelets, and neckpieces were also
metalwork. Each metal object has geometric
motifs engraved on it or is designed to be
attractive or valuable. Examples include
bronze, gold, tin, silver, lead, brass, and iron.
The following crafts are also included:
a. Metal Casting- is a method of transferring
materials such as bronze, copper, glass,
aluminum, and iron into a mold with a hollow
space of the desired shape, which is then
allowed to solidify.
b. Jewelry- Brooches, rings, necklaces,
earrings, and bracelets are examples of
personal jewelry
c. Welded sculpture-Welding processes are
used to create statues in this artform.
3. PAPER CRAFT- It's a tough plain-woven fabric
that's used to make backpacks, tents,
marquees, and other environmentally
friendly things. The following crafts are also
included:
a. Bookbinding. It's the process of putting
together a book from folded or unfolded
paper or other materials.
b. Card making. It's a method of making greeting cards
by hand.
c. Collage. It is a method of creating artwork by
combining various forms from various materials.
d. Origami. It is an art of paper folding practiced by the
Japanese as a culture.
e. Paper Mache. It's a composite material made of paper
or pulp fragments, occasionally strengthened with
fabrics and held together with glue.
f. Scrapbooking. The process of organizing, preserving
and presenting personal or family history in the form
of a book is referred to as bookbinding.
g. Rubber stamping. Itis a craft wherein the ink is applied
to the carved pattern or molded into a rubber sheet.
4. PLANTS CRAFTS. These refer to a skill, using plant parts
as the medium. These include the following:
a. Corn dolly making. It relates to creating shapes and
figures (known as ―dollies‖) from straw (such as
barley, oats, and wheat).
b. Floral design. It is the art of using plant materials and
flowers to create a pleasing and balanced composition.
c. Pressed flower craft. It consists of drying flower
petals or leaves in a flower press to flatten.
The Principle of Arts - Principles are applied to
determine the organization and standardization of
visual aspects in art. This set of criteria is essential for
the study and evaluation of art. The principle of art
explains how an artist uses art to generate an
outcome and communicate the artist’s aim. Arts
components are visual tools that artists utilize to
construct a composition. Visual aspects include line,
shape, color, value, texture, and space. The principles of
art are created by blending components of art. The
following are the basic principle of arts:
1. HARMONY- Visual harmony is established when all parts
of one artwork are interconnected. Harmony creates a
cohesive composition by employing similar geometric
shapes, lines, and colors. This means that each element
must be unified and must “hang together” as one
entity. Each element is necessary to its value and
essential to the work.
2. VARIETY- It is a stable concoction that demonstrates
the mixing principle. There should be a dominant theme
for you to base to make it more appealing, so even if
your presentation or designs will be varied, all are
related and connected. It’s done using varied lines,
colors, and forms inside an artwork to draw attention
to certain places or add visual interest.
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3. BALANCE- The proportion of conflicting visual
forces is what this term alludes to. The axis or
the center point is established to maintain
balance. When forms, colors, textures, or
shapes are harmoniously mixed, it is called
art. There are three approaches to achieving
balance: symmetrical, asymmetrical, and
radically symmetrical.
4. MOVEMENT- It’s utilized to give a sense of
direction to a piece of art. The artist uses
visual progression to draw the viewer’s
attention to the artwork’s focal point.
5. EMPHASIS- refers to an artist’s requirement
to create a focal point inside a work of art.
This creative aspect is a vital part of the work,
and spectators’ attention should be drawn to
it.
6. PROPORTION- When the sizes of the elements in
the artwork are harmoniously harmonized, a
proportion is established. To show the human
form in the appropriate proportion, the artist
typically tries to rationally make all of the
composition links. Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian
Man is an excellent picture for displaying the
human body's proportions.
7. RHYTHM-is the application of visual patterns to
a piece of art. Models are made by repeating
specific colors, lines, or shapes in specified
regions of an artwork. In a painting, they can
be utilized to create a variety of textures.
Repetition of lines in artwork, for example,
might make a rhythm by implying movement