Business - active process Ethical activity is valuable itself because it enhances the quality of life and the work we

Types of business - service, merchandising & manufacturing do has an ethical responsibility for fairness for humanity.
Sole propietorship - one person business
Forms of business 2.Judaism
A: faster tax preparation, low start up cost, easier handling of money, can be passed Israel
down. Monotheistic
D: personally liable for all debts, lack of financial control due to looser structure Abraham (father of Judaism)
Partnership - two or more people business relation YHWH
A: lacks formality, share burden, sharing of skills, better decision making, more partner Torah (book of Jews)
more available funds Jewish business ethics
D: no independent legal status, conflicts, slow decision making, profit shared, limits on Honesty on the market - prohibited merchandise to sell falsifying weight and measure)
business development Fair pricing
Corporation - an entity by law that is independent and distinct from its owners and relies Business relations - employers are required to pay employees on time.
on corporate laws 3.Confucianism
A: limited liability of shareholders, easy sell shares China
D: pay taxes on its income, shareholder pay dividend tax No god
3 core principle Confucius (Philosopher) Founder
Fairness, accountability, transparency “what you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others”
Values - basic concept of right and wrong Five (5) constant virtues
Principles - application of our values 1)Humanity
Responsibility - - accountability of ones action 2)Righteousness
Code of conduct - set of principle and expectation 3)Propriety
Rules/policies - guides behavior who belong to an organization 4)Wisdom
Common practices 5)Faithfulness
Bookkeeping - a system of maintaining records Confucial business ethics
Policies - guide for organizational objective Ren (compassion, humanness) Li (ritual, etiquette)
Reportorial requirements - annual reports that need to be complied Can generate successful human resources
Etiquette/manners/decorum - person meetings, phone, email, dress&appearance, social Resistance of human corruption
function Be a good and kindhearted person to have successful business
Protocol - crucial for business to recognize the rules dominant
Marketing practices - a process that involves a product or service, meeting the 4.Daoism (Taoism)
customers needs & wants, picking the right price, effective promotion China
Documentation - everything must be documented More on follow teaching
Importance of COD - Unity (common principle), Standard, & Direction Laozi (Philosopher) Founder
Business & ethics - (interrelated) ethics guides us that we are doing the right thing, Daoism business ethics
greek (ethikos) - character, latin (mos, mores) moral philosophy, study of what is right & Wu wei - primary virtue and means non-action
wrong on human behavior & conduct in business. Humility and non-competition
Ethics - study of human conduct, Philosophy - act of wonder
Without moral perspective, man is only an animal, without morality, man a rational 5.Buddhism
being is a failure - ramon agapay India
Heirarchy of being - spiritual beings, rational, sentient, vegitative, mineral Siddhartha Gautama
PHILOSOPHY Common goal is to reach nirvana (detachment to earthly pleasure)
Socrates - father of philosophy, Socratic method (act of asking questions),Gadfly of the Buddhism business ethics
market, “true knowledge exist in knowing that you know nothing”.It is essential to ask Noble Eight-fold path (like a wheel)
question to gather data and information before starting a business 1)Right view - to know the truth
Plato - Philosopher king , Student of Socrates,The good life “good people do not need 2)Right intention - free your mind from evil
laws to tell them to act responsibly, while bad people will find a way around the laws” 3)Right speech - say nothing that hurts others
Aristotle - student of plato, Virtue and happiness, “happiness is the meaning and 4)Right action - work for the good of others
purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence”, As applied in business it is 5)Right livelihood - respect life
important that you’re happy, in everything that we do we should be happy to be 6)Right effort - resist evil
successful and productive. 7)Right concentration - practice meditation
Modern philosophers 8)Right mindfulness - control your thoughts
Immanuel kant - duty based ethics , “act only according to that maxim by which you
can do at the same time will that it should become a universal law”, Act according to the 6.Islam
accepted by everyone. Deontology - act according to god’s will , Imperative - based on Saudi Arabia
the accepted universal Allah (god)
Jeremy Bentham and John Sthart Mill - concept of utilitarianism , An ethical Muhammad (founder)
philosophy in which the happiness of the greatest number of people in the society is Qur’an (book)
considered the greatest (what majority thinks as good is considered as good) The end Muslim business ethics
justify the means - good for everyone, Deontology - the result does not justify the means Avoidance of people exploitation (lend money, high interest)
(action) False advertising

Belief - idea or principle assumed to be true 7.Christianity

Belief system - set of principles, which from together the basis of religion, philosophy or Israel
moral code God
Religion - the service or worship of god/s or supernatural Jesus(founder)
Latin word religari - to bind together, to connect relationship (binding together with Business ethics in Christianity
supernatural being) Base on the teachings of bible and Jesus (service and charity)
Stewardship doctrine
Kinds of belief system
1.Theism - a belief that there is a god or supernatural Filipino Values system
a.Monotheism - 1 god bahala na - (n) trust in god
b.Polytheism- many gods Utang na loob - (p) gratitude
c.Aminism - everything has spirits Ningas Cogon - (n) good only at the beginning
2.Agnosticism - god cannot be known Padrino System - (n) patronage
Man is not capable of knowing god Amor propio - (p)selflove, selfworth
To see is to believe and perceivable of our senses Manana habit - (n) procrastination
3.Atheism - no god Delicadeza -(p) manners, proper decorum to what is right
Hiya - (n) living in the standard of others
Seven major religion Pakikisama/pakikipagkapwa-tao - (p) respecting others
1.Hinduism Family orientation - (p)vital importance in family
Originates in India Utak talangka - (n) selfish, envious
Polytheistic - many gods (about 5000) Filial piety - (p) respect for parents and olders
Hindu triumvirate - Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva) Suki system - (p) loyal customer
Verda(holy book)
Law of karma
Reincarnation (samsura)
Hindu’s goal - reach enlightenment (moksha - stop finding material substances)

Business ethics in Hindu

It is crucial that ethics have considerable influence if we want an efficient and smooth
operating economy.
The government laws and lawyers cannot resolve certain key problems of business and
protect society; ethics can