DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

(1)
TEA
- is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of
Camellia sinensis,

FLOUR

- is a powder made by grinding raw grains, roots, beans, nuts, or seeds. Flours are used to make
many different foods. Cereal flour, particularly wheat

TOBACCO

- is the dried leaves of a plant that people smoke in pipes, cigars, and cigarettes.

COCOA
- a chocolate powder made from roasted and ground cacao seeds.
- Stow away from heat and other cargoes which are liable to taint

BURLAP
- is a woven fabric made from natural materials. Made up in rolls and square and used as the
same of paper

BAG
- Is a common tool in the form of a non-rigid container.  a lightweight, flexible container meant for
carrying things. 
- Flexible packaging made of paper, plastic film , textile woven materials

DRIED BLOOD
- USED AS A FERTILIZER an must be stowed away from any cargo liable from taint

CRUDE OIL
- a mixture of hydrocarbons that exists in the liquid phase in natural underground reservoirs and
remains liquid at atmospheric pressure after passing through surface separating facilities.

PORTABLE LIGHTS
-  a unit that can be moved from one place to another while connected to the power
supply

DRAFT LINES
 -  refers to a line where the surface of outside water reaches on the side of a ship when it
is floating.

STRIPPING LINES
- Stripping cargo tanks is carried out to ensure that as much cargo as possible is
discharged. Normally the vessel will use stripping pumps and lines for this purpose as
they will reach the last drop of cargo that the bulk discharge pumps cannot reach.
(2)

CHED (Commission on Higher Education)

- is the Philippine government's agency in charged with promoting relevant and quality higher
education.

MARINA (MARITIME INDUSTRY AUTHORITY)

-  develops Philippine domestic shipping, shipbuilding, ship repair and ship breaking
through investment incentives, deregulation of rates/operation, enhancement of safety
standards, compulsory insurance coverage for passengers and cargoes, reasonable fines
and penalties,

IMO (INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION)

-  is the United Nations specialized agency with responsibility for the safety and security of
shipping and the prevention of marine and atmospheric pollution by ships.

SOLAS (International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea)

-  a set of international standards first released in 1914, in consequence to the Titanic
disaster. Today SOLAS regulates basic safety aspects for ships on international voyages
such as stability, machinery, electrical installations, fire protection and lifesaving
appliances.

IMGS (International Medical Guide for Ships)

 - to ensure that seafarers are given health protection and medical care as comparable as possible
to that which is generally available to workers ashore.
(3)

PATTEN

- any of various kinds of footwear, as a wooden shoe, a shoe with a wooden sole, a
chopine, etc., to protect the feet from mud or wetness.

DUNNAGE

-  durable padding material used to protect goods during shipping.

TIMBER DUNNAGE
-  internal packaging components that support and protect products from potential
damage as they are being packed, stored or transported.

CARGO SURVEYOR
- His job varies from determining the actual cargo loaded on board to check the
condition of the cargo as being loaded/discharged.

CLEAN CARGO
-  non-hazardous and dust-free cargo including Iron and Steel products, aluminum
ingots, pig iron, finished fertilizers, food grains, sugar (both raw and finished),
containerized cargo but excluding hazardous and dusty cargo like iron ore, thermal coal,
chrome ore, chrome concentrate, 

VARIABLE CARGO
- Bank notes, jewelries and precious sones
VESSEL SWEAT
- Condensation that occurs on the SURFACE OF THE VESSEL when the air inside the hold
is made moist and warm by cargo
CARGO SWEAT
- CONDENSATION that occurs on THE EXPOSED SURFACE OF THE CARGO as a result of
warm
NATURAL VENTILATION
 - A system whereby ambient air is allowed to enter and leave the hold naturally

MECHANICAL VENTILATION
- A system whereby an ambient air is forced, usually by electrical fans that are fitted in the
ventilation trunk

MOISTURE DAMAGE
- Failure by the ship to ventilate correctly that result in condensation or sweat causing the
cargo to deteriorate
RECEPTACLES
- a containment vessel for receiving and holding substances or articles, such as cylinders
and tube

COMPOSITE PACKAGING
- Consisting of an outer packaging and an inner receptacle that form an integral packaging

COMBINATION PACKAGING
-  comprised of one or more inner packaging within an outer packaging

DELICATE CARGO
- Fragile cargo is cargo that can break easily if exposed to falls, shocks, and rough
handling during transport.

WORKING LOAD LIMIT (WLL)

-  the maximum working load designed by the manufacturer. This load represents a
force that is much less than that required to make the lifting equipment fail or yield. 

CARGO DAMAGE CLAIM

- Also known as a freight claim, a shipping claim, or a transportation claim, a cargo
damage claim is a legal demand by a shipper, consignee, or product owner to a carrier
in order to obtain financial reimbursement for the lost or damaged shipment.

(4)

DERRICK
- an apparatus consisting of a mast or equivalent member held at the head by guys or
braces, with or without a boom, for use with a hoisting mechanism and operating ropes.
PARTS OF DERRICK

HARMFUL SUBSTANCES
- IDENTIFY AS MARINE POLLUTANTS in the IMDG code

CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES
- a chemical that causes visible destruction of, or irreversible alterations in living tissue by
chemical action at the site of contact.”