1

University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

JOB SATISFACTION OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT GRADUATES YEAR

BATCH 2021-2022 OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ANTIQUE-MAIN

A Research
Presented to
The Faculty of College of Business and Accountancy
University of Antique
5713 Sibalom, Antique

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Course
HMGTC 7 (Introduction to Research in Hospitality Management)

By:

Nicole Grace A. Allado

Kyla D. Barrientos
Hannah Frauline X. Demonteverde
Jonessa P. JordaN

April 2023
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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

CHAPTER I
Introduction to the Study

This chapter includes the background of the study, statement of the

problem, hypothesis, theoretical framework, conceptual framework,

significance of the study, scope and limitations of the study and definition of

terms.

Background of the Study

The term Job satisfaction

is furnished as the
attitude of content, an
employee possesses in his
or her current position
in an organization. In
the last few decades, a
number of scholarly
 3
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

studies have been

conducted using the
workers’ satisfaction as a
central research variable.
It
has to be regarded as
an obligatory attribute
which is very frequently
measured by
organizations in order to
ensure the existence of
an affectionate approach
of employees
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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

towards the duties and

responsibilities they deal
with. Despite of the
world-wide urges for
considering employees as
a human asset of the
organization, the
prevailing scenario of
profit
oriented business is
neither providing a fair
remuneration system
nor extending welfare
 5
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

oriented move towards

its employees, often.
Therefore, the turnover
rate has alarmingly
increased in most of
the industries in all the
levels of employments.
Here comes the
significance of
guaranteeing a level
headed state of job
satisfaction among the
employees of
 6
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

any organization, which in

turn may land in
organizational effecti
The term Job satisfaction
is furnished as the
attitude of content, an
employee possesses in his
or her current position
in an organization. In
the last few decades, a
number of scholarly
studies have been
conducted using the
 7
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

workers’ satisfaction as a
central research variable.
It
has to be regarded as
an obligatory attribute
which is very frequently
measured by
organizations in order to
ensure the existence of
an affectionate approach
of employees
towards the duties and
responsibilities they deal
 8
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

with. Despite of the

world-wide urges for
considering employees as
a human asset of the
organization, the
prevailing scenario of
profit
oriented business is
neither providing a fair
remuneration system
nor extending welfare
oriented move towards
its employees, often.
 9
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Therefore, the turnover

rate has alarmingly
increased in most of
the industries in all the
levels of employments.
Here comes the
significance of
guaranteeing a level
headed state of job
satisfaction among the
employees of
any organization, which in
turn may land in
 10
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

organizational
effectiveness.
The term Job satisfaction
is furnished as the
attitude of content, an
employee possesses in his
or her current position
in an organization. In
the last few decades, a
number of scholarly
studies have been
conducted using the
workers’ satisfaction as a
 11
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

central research variable.

It
has to be regarded as
an obligatory attribute
which is very frequently
measured by
organizations in order to
ensure the existence of
an affectionate approach
of employees
towards the duties and
responsibilities they deal
 12
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

with. Despite of the

world-wide urges for
considering employees as
a human asset of the
organization, the
prevailing scenario of
profit
oriented business is
neither providing a fair
remuneration system
nor extending welfare
oriented move towards
its employees, often.
 13
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Therefore, the turnover

rate has alarmingly
increased in most of
the industries in all the
levels of employments.
Here comes the
significance of
guaranteeing a level
headed state of job
satisfaction among the
employees of
any organization, which in
turn may land in
 14
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

organizational
effectiveness.
he term Job satisfaction is
furnished as the attitude
of content, an employee
possesses in his
or her current position
in an organization. In
the last few decades, a
number of scholarly
studies have been
conducted using the
workers’ satisfaction as a
 15
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

central research variable.

It
has to be regarded as
an obligatory attribute
which is very frequently
measured by
organizations in order to
ensure the existence of
an affectionate approach
of employees
towards the duties and
responsibilities they deal
 16
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

with. Despite of the

world-wide urges for
considering employees as
a human asset of the
organization, the
prevailing scenario of
profit
oriented business is
neither providing a fair
remuneration system
nor extending welfare
oriented move towards
its employees, often.
 17
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Therefore, the turnover

rate has alarmingly
increased in most of
the industries in all the
levels of employments.
Here comes the
significance of
guaranteeing a level
headed state of job
satisfaction among the
employees of
any organization, which in
turn may land in
 18
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

organizational
effectiveness.
he term Job satisfaction is
furnished as the attitude
of content, an employee
possesses in his
or her current position
in an organization. In
the last few decades, a
number of scholarly
studies have been
conducted using the
workers’ satisfaction as a
 19
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

central research variable.

It
has to be regarded as
an obligatory attribute
which is very frequently
measured by
organizations in order to
ensure the existence of
an affectionate approach
of employees
towards the duties and
responsibilities they deal
 20
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

with. Despite of the

world-wide urges for
considering employees as
a human asset of the
organization, the
prevailing scenario of
profit
oriented business is
neither providing a fair
remuneration system
nor extending welfare
oriented move towards
its employees, often.
 21
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Therefore, the turnover

rate has alarmingly
increased in most of
the industries in all the
levels of employments.
Here comes the
significance of
guaranteeing a level
headed state of job
satisfaction among the
employees of
any organization, which in
turn may land in
 22
University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

organizational
effectiveness.
The career choice has become more complex due to the emergence of

information technology, post-industrial revolution, and job competition. In the

past, career choices were often predetermined by family backgrounds.

However, industrialization has made it possible for anyone with due skills and

knowledge to achieve success. Today, career planning and exhaustive research

are necessary to adjust to evolving socio-economic conditions. The curriculum

and other factors contribute to student preparedness, and institutions play a

vital role in developing the learning competencies of students in the hospitality

industry. Assessing the curriculum helps institutions to better mold and

develop their students for the global competitive level. When graduates are

easily employed in their field of specialization, it demonstrates that the

institution has provided academic quality to their students. Educational

institutions in the Philippines are aware of the growing international market

and are improving their curriculum to develop the learning competencies of

their students. Finally, the shift from being a student to a working professional

is not easy, as graduates have to adapt to a new environment and apply

efficiently what they have learned in the educational institution they came

from.
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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Rationale

The hospitality industry is a fast-paced and dynamic industry that

provides career opportunities to many graduates each year. In the University of

Antique, educational institutions are doing their best to improve their

hospitality programs to develop the learning competencies of their students

and make them globally competitive. Despite this, there is still a gap in

understanding how well these programs prepare graduates for their careers

and how satisfied they are with their jobs.

Therefore, the present study aims to explore the job satisfaction of hospitality

management graduates from the University of Antique-Main batch 2021-2022.

Specifically, the study seeks to identify the factors that contribute to job

satisfaction among these graduates, including the curriculum, work

environment, salary, and benefits. By understanding these factors, educational

institutions and industry stakeholders can take necessary steps to improve

their programs and better prepare graduates for their careers.

Statement of the problem

The statement of the problem identifies the specific issues or questions

that the research aims to address. It typically includes a brief description of the

population or sample being studied, the independent and dependent variables,

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

and the research objectives. Here is an example of a statement of the problem

for a study on career readiness of graduates:

This study aims to determine the career readiness of graduates for the

academic year 2021-2022. Specifically, the study seeks to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of sex and program?

2. How do graduates rate their readiness in terms of knowledge, skills, and

personality?

3. Is there a significant difference in the career readiness of graduates

according to their program?

4. What are the factors that contribute to the career readiness of

graduates?

5. How can educational institutions improve the curriculum to better

prepare graduates for their careers?

Objectives of the study

The objective of this study is to assess the job satisfaction of hospitality

management graduates from the University of Antique-Main batch 2021-2022

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

and identify the factors that contribute to their job satisfaction. Specifically, the

study aims to:

1. Determine the level of job satisfaction of hospitality management

graduates from the University of Antique-Main.

2. Identify the factors that contribute to the job satisfaction of these

graduates, including the curriculum, work environment, salary, and

benefits.

3. Determine the relationship between job satisfaction and these

contributing factors.

4. Provide recommendations for educational institutions and industry

stakeholders to improve their programs and better prepare graduates for

their careers in the hospitality industry.

5. Contribute to the literature on job satisfaction and the overall

preparedness of hospitality management graduates in the Philippines.

Hypothesis of the study

1. There is a significant difference in the level of career readiness of hospitality

management graduates in terms of knowledge, skills, and personality.

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

2. The curriculum offered by the University of Antique-Main significantly

contributes to the career readiness of its hospitality management graduates.

3. There is a significant difference in the career readiness of hospitality

management graduates from different programs offered by the University of

Antique-Main.

Conceptual Framework of the Study

The study will be anchored on the career development theory

which states that career choice is a process that requires careful planning,

decision-making, and continuous assessment of one's skills, interests, and

values. This theory suggests that the curriculum and learning experiences of

the graduates play a vital role in their career readiness and job satisfaction.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

 Program of the  Career status of the
graduates graduates
 Sex of the graduates  Employment status of the
 Knowledge readiness of graduates
the graduates  Income of the graduates
 Skill readiness of the  Job satisfaction of the
graduates graduates
 Personality readiness of  Career growth
Figure 1. A paradigm showing the relationshipopportunities
the graduates of the
among variables
graduates

Significance of the study

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

The findings of the study will be beneficial to the following group of

people.

1. Graduating students: The study can provide insights and guidance to

graduating students in terms of career choices and readiness. The

results can help them identify areas they need to improve on before

entering the workforce.

2. Educational institutions: The study can provide feedback to educational

institutions on the effectiveness of their programs in preparing students

for their future careers. The results can help them improve their

curriculum and teaching methods.

3. Employers: The study can provide information to employers on the

readiness of the graduates and the specific areas they excel in. The

results can help them identify potential employees who are best suited

for their organization.

4. Government agencies: The study can provide data to government

agencies responsible for workforce development and planning. The

results can help them make informed decisions regarding policies and

programs that can improve the employability and readiness of graduates.

5. Researchers: The study can contribute to the body of knowledge on

career readiness and the factors that influence it. The results can serve

as a basis for future research and studies in the field.

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Scope and Limitation of the study

This study will focus on the career readiness of graduates for the

academic year 2021-2022 in a specific university in the Philippines. The study

will gather data from graduates across all programs in the university.

The study is limited to graduates from one university in the Philippines,

which may limit the generalizability of the findings to other universities or

contexts. The study will also rely on self-reported data from graduates, which

may be subject to response bias. Additionally, the study may not be able to

account for external factors that may affect graduates' career readiness, such

as economic conditions or industry-specific trends.

Definition of terms

To fully understand the terms to be used in this study, the following are

defined conceptually;
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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Career - A person's chosen profession or occupation that they engage in

for a significant period of their life, often with opportunities for advancement

and development.

Graduates - Individuals who have completed a course of study at a

college or university and have been awarded a degree or diploma.

Readiness - The state of being prepared or equipped to deal with a

particular situation or task.

Skills - The abilities and competencies that a person possesses that are

necessary to perform a specific task or job.

Personality - The unique set of characteristics, traits, behaviors, and

attitudes that define an individual and distinguish them from others.

Curriculum - The course of study offered by an educational institution

that outlines the specific learning objectives, topics, and skills to be covered by

students.

Employment - The state of having a job or being employed by an

organization or company.

Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

This chapter presents the review of related literature that are related to

the present study.

The literature on career development has highlighted the importance of

career planning and research in making informed career choices. In the past,

career choice was often limited by social and economic factors, such as family

background and job availability. However, with the emergence of information

technology and globalization, individuals today have more opportunities and

options available to them in terms of career paths (Wattles, 2016).

Several studies have emphasized the role of educational institutions in

preparing students for their chosen careers. The curriculum and learning

competencies of educational programs play a crucial role in the career

readiness of graduates. Institutions need to regularly evaluate their curriculum

to ensure that it aligns with industry needs and prepares students for the

demands of the workforce (Rahman, 2014; Borbon, 2016; Cueto, 2016).

Transitioning from student to working professional can be challenging,

and graduates need to adapt to the new environment and apply what they

learned in school effectively. Therefore, assessing the readiness of graduates in

terms of knowledge, skills, and personality is essential. Several studies have

examined the factors that influence career readiness, such as academic

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

performance, work experience, and personality traits (Caiyod et al., 2015;

Nagalakshmi & Aruna, 2019; Zhang, Zhang, & Gao, 2019).

Overall, the literature highlights the importance of career planning and

research, the role of educational institutions in preparing students for their

careers, and the factors that influence career readiness. The present study

aims to contribute to this literature by assessing the career of graduates and

determining the factors that influence their readiness for the workforce.
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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Chapter III

Methodology

This chapter discusses the research design, locale of the study, the

respondents, research instruments, data gathering procedure, and data

analysis procedure.

Research Design

The research design for this study is a descriptive survey method. This

method involves gathering data from a sample of participants through the use

of questionnaires or interviews. In this study, a survey questionnaire will be

used to gather data from the graduates. The questionnaire will be composed of

closed-ended and Likert scale questions, allowing for quantitative data

analysis. The data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean,

frequency, and percentage. The research design also includes a stratified

random sampling technique to ensure that the sample represents the

population of graduates from different programs. The sample size will be

determined using the formula for sample size calculation. The study will be

conducted in one institution, limiting the generalizability of the findings to

other institutions.
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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Methods of research

The methods of research that could be used in this study could include

surveys, interviews, and statistical analysis.

Surveys - used to collect data from a large sample of graduates, asking them

about their career readiness and experiences.

Interviews - could be conducted with a smaller group of graduates, allowing for

more in-depth and qualitative data to be collected.

Statistical analysis - could be used to analyze the data collected from the

surveys and interviews, allowing for patterns and correlations to be identified.

A mixed-methods approach - combining both quantitative and qualitative

methods, could also be used to provide a more comprehensive understanding

of the graduates' career readiness and experiences.

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Locale of the Study

This study was conducted in the main campus of the University of Antique

situated at Sibalom, Antique.

The site of the study is reflected on the map as shown below:

Population of the Study

The population of the study refers to the entire group of individuals or

objects that possess the characteristics that the researcher wants to

investigate. It is the group of people, animals, plants, or things from which the

researcher will draw the sample for the study. The population can be defined in

various ways, such as by age, gender, geographic location, or other relevant

characteristics. In a research study, the population is important because it

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

represents the group of individuals or objects to which the results of the study

will be generalized.

Target Respondent

The target respondents for this study are graduates from different programs for

the academic year 2021-2022 and it will be the students of Bachelor of Science

in Hospitality Management officially enrolled at the main campus of the

University of Antique.

Research Instrument

The study will use the researchers`- made questionnaire. It had been

prepared considering the level of understanding of the participants.

Part I, the questionnaires cover the participant’s information which

includes the name (optional), and the sex of the participants. Part II, the

questionnaire consists of a series of questions. The participants are expected to

choose their answers correctly.

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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

Dear Participants:

We, the 3rd year students of BSHM, are requesting you to answer every question in this questionnaire as best as you
can. It is very important to the success of this academic endeavor. This is a requirement for the subject
HMGTC 7 (Introduction to Research in Hospitality Management) in the 2nd semester of the year 2022-
2023.

Thank you in advance for your active participation.

Nicole Grace A. Allado,

Kyla D. Barrientos
Hannah Frauline X. Demonteverde
Jonessa P. Jordan
The Proponents

BSHM – 3C
Part I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name (optional): ________________________________ Sex: __________

Part II. QUESTIONNAIRE-CHECKLIST

Direction: Kindly read every statement/question carefully and put a check (√ ) in the column that corresponds in
your answer.

Questions/statements Yes No
1. Are you a graduate of the academic year 2021-2022?

2. Did you feel well-prepared for your chosen career after graduating?

3. Do you believe that your knowledge gained during your academic years is relevant
to your current job?

4. Did your program equip you with the necessary skills for your current job?

5. Do you think that your personality and attitude helped you in finding a job after
graduation?

6. Were you able to secure a job within six months after graduation?
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University of Antique
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY
Sibalom, Antique

7. Are you satisfied with your current job?

8. Do you believe that your academic performance in college affected your

employment opportunities?

9. Are you planning to pursue further education to enhance your career?

10. Do you think that your university provided sufficient career guidance and
counseling?