Result

Absorption of Potassium and Chloride by Carrot (Daucus Carota)

The standard curve data and the wet weight of carrot discs are recorded in Table 1
and 2. The result of the flame photometer reading obtained for the absorption of
potassium ions ¿ by the carrot are recorded in table 3 and the result of the final
titration volume of the silver nitrate ( Ag NO 3 ) obtained for the absorption of chloride
ion ¿ by the carrot are recorded in table 4.

Table 1. Standard Curve Data

Concentration ( ppm) 1 2 3 4
Intensity ( I ¿ 0.1571 0.2902 0.4378 0.7818

Table 2. Wet Weight (g) of Carrot Discs

Conditions Control 0℃ 35 ℃
Weight (g) 5.62 5.91 5.77

Table 3. Intensity ( I ¿ Reading of Potassium

Conditions Control 0℃ 35℃
Intensity ( I ¿ 1.422 1.700 1.726

Table 4. Titration Volume of 0.005M Ag NO 3 (ml)

Conditions Control 0℃ 35℃
Volume (ml) 19.0 15.6 18.4
 A graph of intensity of flame photometer ( I ¿ against the concentration of
potassium ions (ppm) is plotted to obtain the concentration of potassium ions
absorbed by the carrot in controlled, 0℃ and 35℃ conditions. From the graph
plotted, the concentration of potassium ions absorbed by the carrot in controlled
condition is 7.4713 ppm, in 0℃ condition is 8.8462 ppm and in 35℃ is 8.9748 ppm.

Intensity (I) against Concentration (ppm)

0.9 2
f(x) = 0.20217 x − 0.0887
R² = 0.941170569343169
0.8 1.8

1.6
0.7

1.4
0.6

1.2
0.5
Intensity (l)

1
0.4
0.8

0.3
0.6

0.2
0.4
ppm
8.8462
ppm
8.9748
ppm
7.4713

0.1 0.2

0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Concentration (ppm)
Series2 Linear (Series2) Linear (Series2)
Linear (Series2) Linear (Series2) Linear (Series2)

Graph 1: Intensity of flame photometer ( I ¿ against the concentration of potassium

ions (ppm) and the estimated concentration of potassium ions in conditions of
control, 0℃ and 35℃ .
Table 5. The calculated concentration and percentage of Potassium and Chloride
ions absorbed by the carrot.
Control After treatments
0oC 35oC
Concentration of K -
6647.0641 μg K +
7484.0948 μg K +
7777.1231 μg K+
Concentration of K- 0.66% 7.48% 7.77%
per gram
Concentration of Cl- 591.637 mg Cl- 461.929 mg Cl- 558.059 mg Cl-
Concentration of Cl- 59.16% 46.19% 55.81%
per gram

Absorption of potassium and chloride by carrot (Daucus carota)

(1) Concentration of Potassium (K+)

1. CONTROL
From graph = 7.4713 μg/ml K+
1 ml = 7.4713 μg K+

Step (v) – 100 ml = 100 (7.4713) μg

Before dilution 10x
10 ml = 100 (7.4713) μg

500 ml
Macerate 500 ml = 100 (7.4713) μg x
10 ml

= 5000 (7.4713) μg

If 5.62 gm tissue = 5000 (7.4713) μg

5000(7.4713)
1 gm tissue = µg × 1 gm
5.62 gm

= 6647.0641 μg K+

Concentration of K+ = 6647.0641 μg K+

+¿
K 5000(7.4713)µg
% → Concentration of = ¿
Gram tissue Weight tissue (5.62 gm)

5000(7.4713) µg
¿ × 10−6 ×100
5.62 gm

= 0.66 %

2. 0 DEGREE
 From graph = 8.8462 μg/ml K+
1 ml = 8.8462 μg K+

Step (v) – 100 ml = 100 (8.8462) μg

Before dilution 10x
10 ml = 100 (8.8462) μg

500 ml
Macerate 500 ml = 100 (8.8462) μg x
10 ml

= 5000 (8.8462) μg

If 5.91 gm tissue = 5000 (8.8462) μg

5000(7.4713)
1 gm tissue = µg × 1 gm
5.62 gm

= 7484.0948 μg K+

Concentration of K+ = 7484.0948 μg K+

+¿
K 5000(8.8462)µg
% → Concentration of = ¿
Gram tissue Weight tissue (5.62 gm)

5000(8.8462) µg
¿ × 10−6 ×100
5.62 gm

= 7.48 %

3. 35 DEGREE

From graph = 8.9748 μg/ml K+

1 ml = 8.9748 μg K+

Step (v) – 100 ml = 100 (8.9748) μg

Before dilution 10x
10 ml = 100 (8.9748) μg

500 ml
Macerate 500 ml = 100 (8.9748) μg x
10 ml

= 5000 (8.9748) μg

If 5.77 gm tissue = 5000 (8.9748) μg

5000(8.9748)
1 gm tissue = µg ×1 gm
5.77 gm
 = 7777.1231 μg K+

Concentration of K+ = 7777.1231 μg K+

+¿
K 5000(8.9748)µg
% → Concentration of = ¿
Gram tissue Weight tissue (5.77 gm)

5000(8.9748)µg
¿ × 10−6 ×100
5.62 gm

= 7.77 %

(2) Concentration of Chloride (Cl-)

1. CONTROL

- Titration of AgNO3 = 19.0 ml

- Used sample 50 ml for titrate
- Concentration of Cl- ?

1 ml 0.01M AgNO3 = 0.35 mg Cl-

1 ml 0.005M AgNO3 = 0.175 mg Cl-

Used 50 ml sample = 19.0 ml x 0.175 mg

500 ( 19.0 ) ml
Step (vi) – 500 ml sample = ×0.175 mg
50 ml

Dilution (5 ml → 500 ml)

500 ( 19.0 ) ml
Step (iv) 5 ml = ×0.175 mg
50 ml

500 ( 19.0 ) ml 500

Step (iii) 500 ml = × × 0.175 mg
50 ml 5

500 ( 19.0 ) ml 500

If 5.62 gm carrot = × × 0.175 mg
50 ml 5

500 ( 19.0 ) ml 500 0.175 mg

Concentration of Cl- → 1 gm carrot = × × × 1 gm
50 ml 5 5.62 gm

= 591.637 mg Cl-

−¿
Cl 500 ( 19.0 ) 500 0.175 mg
% → Concentration = × × × 10−3 ×100 ¿
Gram tissue 50 5 5.62 gm
 ¿ 59.16 %

2. 0 DEGREE

- Titration of AgNO3 = 15.6 ml

- Used sample 50 ml for titrate
- Concentration of Cl- ?

1 ml 0.01M AgNO3 = 0.35 mg Cl-

1 ml 0.005M AgNO3 = 0.175 mg Cl-

Used 50 ml sample = 15.6 ml x 0.175 mg

500 ( 15.6 ) ml
Step (vi) – 500 ml sample = × 0.175mg
50 ml

Dilution (5 ml → 500 ml)

500 ( 15.6 ) ml
Step (iv) 5 ml = × 0.175mg
50 ml

500 ( 15.6 ) ml 500

Step (iii) 500 ml = × × 0.175 mg
50 ml 5

500 ( 15.6 ) ml 500

If 5.91 gm carrot = × × 0.175 mg
50 ml 5

500 ( 15.6 ) ml 500 0.175 mg

Concentration of Cl- → 1 gm carrot = × × × 1 gm
50 ml 5 5.91 gm

= 461.929 mg Cl-

Cl−¿ 500 ( 15.6 ) 500 0.175 mg

% → Concentration = × × × 10−3 ×100 ¿
Gram tissue 50 5 5.91 gm
¿ 46.19 %

3. 35 DEGREE

- Titration of AgNO3 = 18.4 ml

- Used sample 50 ml for titrate
- Concentration of Cl- ?

1 ml 0.01M AgNO3 = 0.35 mg Cl-

1 ml 0.005M AgNO3 = 0.175 mg Cl-

 Used 50 ml sample = 18.4 ml x 0.175 mg

500 ( 18.4 ) ml
Step (vi) – 500 ml sample = × 0.175 mg
50 ml

Dilution (5 ml → 500 ml)

500 ( 18.4 ) ml
Step (iv) 5 ml = × 0.175 mg
50 ml

500 ( 18.4 ) ml 500

Step (iii) 500 ml = × × 0.175 mg
50 ml 5

500 ( 18.4 ) ml 500

If 5.77 gm carrot = × × 0.175 mg
50 ml 5

500 ( 18.4 ) ml 500 0.175 mg

Concentration of Cl- → 1 gm carrot = × × ×1 gm
50 ml 5 5.77 gm

= 558.059 mg Cl-

−¿
Cl 500 ( 18.4 ) 500 0.175 mg −3
% → Concentration = × × ×10 ×100 ¿
Gram tissue 50 5 5.77 gm
¿ 55.81 %

Table 5. The calculated concentration and percentage of Potassium and Chloride

ions absorbed by the carrot.

Control After treatments

0oC 35oC
Concentration of K -
6647.0641 μg K+ 7484.0948 μg K+ 7777.1231 μg K+
Concentration of K- 0.66% 7.48% 7.77%
per gram
Concentration of Cl- 591.637 mg Cl- 461.929 mg Cl- 558.059 mg Cl-
Concentration of Cl- 59.16% 46.19% 55.81%
per gram

(Petillion, R. J., Freeman, T. K., & McNeil, W. S., 2019)

Galan, N. (2018, May 29). What is blue baby syndrome? Medicalnewstoday.com; Medical
News Today. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321955

(Mateo-Sagasta, J., Zadeh, S. M., Turral, H., & Burke, J., 2017)

(Knobeloch, L., Salna, B., Hogan, A., Postle, J., & Anderson, H., 2000)
(Zukri, 2020) (Albani, A., Ibrahim, M. Z., Abdul Ghani, S. S., Mat Rofi, M. Z., & Taslin, P.
N. A., 2021)
(AIR SELANGOR IS COMMITTED TO REDUCE NON-REVENUE WATER (NRW)
RATE IN 2021, 2021)
(‌Water Services Interruptions, 2014)

(Lim, 2019)
(#SDGsinAcademia: Goal 6, 2018) (Al-Mowafak, 2021) (Experiments, 2014)

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Aliashim Albani*, www.frontiersin.orgMohd Zamri Ibrahim, www.frontiersin.orgSiti

Syazwani Abdul Ghani, www.frontiersin.orgMuhammad Zulkifli Mat Rofi and
www.frontiersin.orgPuteri Nurfarah Adawiyah Taslin