Act 1 Genchem 2

A.
In a gas, molecules are spread out and move randomly, so they have the greatest distance between them. In a liquid, molecules are
closer together than in a gas, but they can still move around, so the distance between them is less than in a gas. In a solid, molecules
are tightly packed and can only vibrate in place, so they have the least distance between them. Therefore, the ranking of the phases in
increasing distance between particles is:

solid < liquid < gas.

B.
Gas: The particles in a gas are in constant random motion, moving rapidly in all directions and colliding with each other and with the
walls of their container. They have a lot of kinetic energy and are not held together by strong intermolecular forces.

Liquid: The particles in a liquid are also in constant motion, but they are more closely packed together than in a gas. They can slide
past each other and move around within the container, but are still held together by some intermolecular forces.

Solid: The particles in a solid are tightly packed and do not have much freedom of movement. They can only vibrate in place and are
held together by strong intermolecular forces, which keep them in a fixed position relative to one another.

C.
Gas: The molecules in a gas are spread out and move randomly in all directions. They have no fixed arrangement or shape and can fill
any container they are put into. The intermolecular forces between the gas molecules are weak, and the molecules are free to move
independently of each other.

Liquid: In a liquid, the molecules are more closely packed together than in a gas. They are still able to move around each other, but
they have a definite volume and take on the shape of their container. The intermolecular forces between the molecules are stronger
than in a gas, but not as strong as in a solid.

Solid: In a solid, the molecules are tightly packed together and held in a fixed position relative to one another. The intermolecular
forces between the molecules are very strong, which gives the solid a definite shape and volume. Solids have a regular and ordered
arrangement of molecules, forming a crystal lattice structure

D.
Solid: In a solid, the molecules are tightly packed and have the least amount of empty space between them. The intermolecular
forces are very strong, which keeps the molecules in a fixed position relative to each other.

Liquid: In a liquid, the molecules are more spread out than in a solid but still have a relatively small amount of empty space
between them. The intermolecular forces are weaker than in a solid, allowing the molecules to move around each other.

Gas: In a gas, the molecules are spread out and have the most empty space between them. The intermolecular forces are very
weak, which allows the molecules to move freely and independently of each other.
PROPERTIES MOLECULAR BEHAVIOR
OF MATTER
GAS LIQUID SOLID

Volume/Shape No definite Definite volume Has definite

Shape/Volume Shape is based on its Volume/Shape
container

DENSITY Very much less than the solid Slightly less than the solid HIGH
or liquid

COMPRESSIBILITY Particles have complete Clusters of particles are Particles are essentially in
freedom of motion. free to move relative to fixed position.
Particles far apart. each other. Particles close together.
Particles close together.

MOTION vibrate and move freely at liquid vibrate, move vibrate (jiggle) but
OF high speeds. about, and slide past each generally do not move
MOLECULES other from place to place.