TAAL C0: AECL RE wa —-_ fistian ment - I Quel a lhe do four vrderstand by wave packet 1 Explain the difeenee between phate veloehy and group Velocity, shond thot the de - brreglle group Nelocttg agsociatest with the prave. pocket ie tquot to fle veloelly of He particle + KR wave pockeee vefors to dre Core wihewe two or move waver exit Steavttaneourly » A Wave packel is often vefeted to of 0 wwe group: Ths Situation is permal itest by he piindple ef tuperposition » «The vote at whith “tHe phate the woue propatates in space ts known as phase Veloodty where a the mate ak volfth the envulope oh Hee usoute porckeé pyopayater % Kndise ow poup Veoety » + Contider a pacticle af rb mas mg moving with vdlodty vi, ylides fe voy lawge. ond Lomparable € C wht vee Hee mous Ghee piven by Me Me wo (8) Ws ORB A - -- Leos angular frequen) e **(6). an(ue) ee ee a) Wane velocity fe the phase weedy giver a oly aK a Y= i. 2” “Thc ghowe teak a mabter poster fa moblew th equivetnl bo a paket Moving wit group veledty Vp pebuces Mee orponudts vooues roves wilt jotta. bf phase Neloeity 2 group velo o—(b) Expl de - Braglte’s hypothesis» Destebe on expeniraent for Hoe Condy modton ef tinue, necture of tleebrons - De Rawpirers hypodverls state Haak ail mente , nob just Sgt , hos bors forte and wave Itke Jpyopertios + Spectftoatly , the hypotees swagets txt Guy Moving paul 5 suth al an deeb, het % wawelurgts astocatedl wlth it given by he mv fehue, Az wavelergte he Planck comebonk Mm > mass of Hoe pombit Ne NMelouty « The vonve -Ike behaviour of eleebron wor Utperimen telly confirmed by thre Dom! sgone Gamer etpatmert 1 29° De tats expegmunt , 0 bese of Uerhons Won seeeleratet andl altrecteol towouds @ hfeket orysbat. “The nickel evyctet dete! at a cbiffrachon grobing > Seaktering the Cectrons in venous directions - by messing. the Rotel of the Scattecot electron ak olifferent ougles, the Teserechere pre able to obseuve fntufuence patti , Bimiloe to tose obsennd fn the double - Slt expadwunt wlth light © This Confirmesl He weave = Who nobore Of elertrom, oF only woes caer feperfere waft un other tn Au Way + (OD Find the phase endl group Velouter of an debra Whuse de bregte ssatengta it bok. Quer! eae Asal 2) vee pe ra 01X10 Gere x vo24 3) k vee? wee 44 RIOT m/sSubiBiube Hie Valin of vy c= LK Wd KIT x CUBY RDI) Ba naga wil gs Wns ws (Eh) 2 sade oe babs to" By KO) etait at % Nenme = gina tos mls Nie aa! Bo = (Gn ‘(eer speedy = fe = ogg iol? mile a Vgoup 2 4p 10> 6. e246 x 104 Quer: = () Hetsemberg'c. Uncertainty prindple [6 9 fundamentat concept fm quantant Mebanics Hood thates track tt Is fuapostitote to sinrultuncoutly meuvre He portion and. momuctsim of & partie with perfect aeauracy » Mathenadiontty , Fis uaprenest as ! bx: bp 77h uK whe | ype DneeLbabi ttt bn gosta bys vncettai tig in nora ntviny Cxpermuntal Ueaifeation by double - sitt expirimene whee a beam of Portes, och ms echont, it fired Herough two elotdy Spacu dite onto a detertor - The rretulting trtefeune path tan outy be edplained if Hae parbity hove Wase - like proputes , and the boneettadty principle eon be vied to pla why the petition and maomedtim of the patil Comet be Stru— beancoorly Motured with pufertr mecunncy + Te vig He uncertainty principle 4p prove +e non exighinee ef tteetran © ty the nueliws, we On Conbibler +40 the of he nudevg ond He mays af tre, Cleetron «Tr We atiuvne tot on eleeton tc Pretuct Tr the nucteue , the © fosttion voll be Lonthradyest fo Whitdh Wu de, SE te muidtenre < Howeves , tf the deehen Were prugh in the, “Nvelevs, be Momenton wad be Veg yi due #0 the Slog nuclom forte, Teubig 1 Auge uncettninty O Weingaen Aa she ee ee ae ae Haack © “ebrelont Cennet est Whee,©) bes be whee fe h josuenior?” Ts o 2K Urertebhy tr mowentue » Dp =v dpe (qt 110" 2) DC 3x 10%) = 26933. 1072® Sobsttubhg Hee vale - bw + bp % Hy, oe C999 «10%) % Chosen tert) fe Ube wy ax2-993 01077? “poste K 10724 BY = O14) nm Su a) He assume Hut ~ for a postcte moving frag fn Hee +4 dLivecton - Pa pee EW) Replautag 1 tn the above formula by Rv ancl Y by AY — Be neni (veel) Vad hin tums ef tat nugy @ f moment p of the parhele. Gaby = 2nhv anal he he Ank e P we how, “ye ae BD CEL) pa * pfeaeatielgD feb ite mr mbt ape Na Pe ey ne vnA ane a = omy & ot pattide fs the gum of Fé Kinehic energy Pr/y,, Stole On and if U ob potion % ancl Hraa_t + yes cotenbhl moet e- £4 us) -O qo a function PAH ply beth tid by Wave Auachoo Yo- eye pesur -© ard cubsnble velvet @,.0 f ©- wwe -H vt zur] —-@ pe aN et Th teree Aintuntions the time tnalepenslont fom of © - he. aR foe yg thy YY) 4 yu we am re ye L over oth (mee fe Infinttes Th Violate He normalization Co Of the ware funtion ’ poh function that fe not angle Valued » meaty toot Tt hor muttiple at a fver potet in space. Thi violates the equiremert that the wsowe es nauk be Wal dleftarol andl Unlae of Weg pofrt tn Spoee »° Twn Examples ef functions Mak ore aceepinble 03 wave fumchon ae : LA Coweta wwe packel, Whth IC a flurction Matic locatizenl fn Space Grol he & gprradt fo momentum ' 2+ A plame voave which ic afurthon hot het 9 Conttaut phowe anes! Wwowe Vector Heroughovl all wpace » Oye) = hele eo Quett (> Within the box Schrodiger'e equation loewomes ln os : ot + Bt pits o © Ye Agin Game y+ a cine wg. (ALB are constant) h h Hou YR=0 for wo for LL oso 2} 4) B29 SnD 2/03) The! etre teen alwoeras heist Peo at reo bot Yeo at xel: we eed anap ot we i RHEL = on, re hie See ce -@ | Bese, yew ee, Lonatite tg enurgy lene ot Me Seti oe ford by solving aboue 44” dor ew Lo Ene ORR wehe a, —~ OD am wave fanedion of & particle. en a box w9hOte eneiarer nae be ® wn te0 DW Sin mee wLMina e+ of uliaw a fier de = An stn (nx) ae 2 # [Jnr fi Cmax] Ble =) sin sast] ght [z) 7) ew Value to fr Sue thot WeP an ts “ To nowmatize Y we ounign ate the prebabillly Pda B+ Walt 2 Pde How Mt must be true Hat Sly eer -O o* comqoe ©4B, We gee ~ nef Thu nevmabred woe furch on of pathicle an ° p= [ain Ot nel Ys, \eh v HN, wy fh wy eee MeL uso = fle Wave furtton anch pre babel Why dutia sf a pattiele contred $0 leot Woh Ag woth + (b) PCusustr) = Ts Pou]? a for potiele tr vie chimensiual bon of unalttt b A cia for Heath cruel dete, (ner) je yen by futien* Stew) = \[E sin ane se, » —- PRersoL eg xe orgsl) = (a (Peay)? de 0: 30L a =P a sta® (20%) de - tc, o-sou. Ustat ides tity goa 7 Y Mado be bro PCrsor eas ousry = a cu - just 8) de Ce ee a (ossc-ogor)- Ja Fonloun)~ 6 0-22) ) 0024 (O) Ame - tualeper dt SchmondInger equation for ware fusion Fox) — z Be) WP + IC) for) = B yor) am) dye Eh cose of an frfinite Aup tyus+e wall poterbial , VOY =0 for oct & ond VOt)= # for eo ond Ly%L* Trsidle tre Wl, te question - RS At 2 6 HL) am) “an : ; fis fy aa hue we jane oes eae ee ea % hr tel aoe Te re vol to H+ abytenttod you = bein Ce) + 1B cot (HC) Yo) 20 DeBz0 yLy2o ? wLenk , ne bed = 2. ee OR cb UE oat Crug wee , On eed as Fou mneanges oneyy of HR ee to ol cnengy twee 16 gy |cere SP APO de f 4% CH) Oe) dm joluae, He Howildod an ppersctir, Ta, <£77 Ey ee B7 2 neRrhr dm The aneraye momustoms bf ee pause fa the nM grurgy (eel coe Sete Cie) PO) ae Jet yoy ae yhe wave 247 eblaped above , we co show that Ueieg the wove functor hb Sgemmete abo: 40 the twregeat Arona the positive ana Thucfore the averse Momadune tC LL? =F, (o & potential baie fe a region of Space Wwhtre the potenbad energy fs Higher Hon fn the surrounding Yegion - A particle approaching potential bowler will be yeflecteol back tf tH energy {4 teat rar tye height ce bore tf fH wneigy te qrerTee thon op the barniet anol sill penetrate. He Ante height of the banien - pheno menor Where a pattele is Jee Han Hie bepie a The temnel ofreb fe a quantum miechauricort enebvote. a potential bourler even when Hs euergit Ques? - co oP of the borpien- +The frounsmievion probability for « vectangulot potedtiot bewier ie pertyt Bs (6+ (4/16 Cve-e)) sin HRD) for E bs the ceeton bean teternets path dhe Somepie, fatter > Geeoudarg electrons ; brokicatrereol Catron and other sigue ane generated “Thasse syle one debicled “by o Seale af defeetors suid Hee cede tileg aty, fs vse 40 create an tmage of the Scumples culfevce shuchue »b) \ Pres trtatan Electron Mierose pe (TEM) : Cetrernt « wEeelple Sk tenn work by cbrantnaliting a beam of Wig en cidy ceebon! ot an vita Hin fampe to create an tmayG +The elwhron beam MY CAME Wh the dona tn tte Sample, Ant the Yeung Eanots are chet anal us ; fuctevaal col 40 create a oletaslecl fmage ef the Surmpeu ft Bhructore. 7 Working: ty Te, 3 High enugy eleatvon bean % geneccctesl by am eleshin Per nck footed onte a tintin fample by a series of Magnetic lentes she Cletkrer bean Incrats wt Yhe atom fir the conte anol Hu preseling Mynott ate dranemdtted! through the Souxple and enllecfertea! by a sues oPoleteeters. The olata f Hen vteol do overt. ay Purse of fe Sampler Gaul shuchte +