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References
A : Dictionaries :
1 - Oxford advanced learner's dictionary , university press , 2005 .
B : Documents :
1 - National Security Strategy of the united state of America , May 2010 .
C : Books :
1 - Daniell.Harti and Elizabeth W. JONES , Genetics: Analysis of genes

and genomes , Seventh Editions , U. S .A, 2009 .
2 - Donald m.show ; September 11,2001 ; the new face of war . person
Education , Inc . 2002 .
*$
3 - Seymour martin, American Exceptionalism in : David p.Fidler [et. al],
:American politics, person custom publishing, Boston, 2003.
4 - Gore Vidal , Perpetual war for perpetual peace: How Got to Be so
Hated , Thunders mouth Nation , 2002.
D : Articles :
1 - Harris, Milton& Raviv, Artur, the theory of capital structure, Journal

of finance, vol. 46, No. l Mar 1991.
2 - Steven J. Lambakis, Reconsidering Asymmetric Warfare, Joint force
Quarterly , No 36 , Winter 2005.
3 - Pavid L. grouge , Asymmetric warfare : old method , new concern ,
national strategy form review , winter 2000.
4 - Charles Krauthammer, the unipolar moment , foreign affairs,vol.69,
no .5 , winter 1990- 1991.
5 - Max Boot, 'the paradox of Military technology, council on foreign
relation, new york, fall 2006.
6 - Lorenza zambernardi , counter insurgency`s impossible Trilemma, the
Washington Quarterly Vol.33, no3, July 2010.
7 - Colin S . Gray , Irregular warfare : one Nature many characters ,
strategic studies Quarterly , winter 2007.
8 - Ivan Arreguin, How the Weak Win Wars, International Security,Vol.26, No.1,
Summer 2001.
E : Internet :
1 - www.usinfo.state.gov
2 - http://www.whitehouse.gov
3 - Robin Niblett , Ready to lead , Rethinking America's Role in a changed world , a
Chatham House Report : http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk
4 - Brian Michael Jenkins , Redefining the enemy : the world has changed but our
mindest has not , http//www.rand.org
5 - Anthony H. Cordesman , The Afghanistan –Pakistan war at the end of 2001,
November 15 , 2011, http://www.csis.org
*$*
3. Molding liable mechanism to achieve and bolster United States
global hegemony through utilization of antiterrorism wars to
deploy American forces at large scale across the world .
4. Obama's administration does not confined to military means only ,

it adopts the notion of dealing with security threats by numerous
measures , and give way to active diplomacy to work , because the
United States neither has a desire to draw back from the world , nor
subjugate it by force , thus new dimensions have been added to
asymmetric strategy including the military choice , for the United
States perspective to lead the 21st century world , founded on the
concept of profiting from cooperation more than gaining through
conflicts .
The present study comprises an introduction three chapters , and a
conclusion , the first chapter deals with theoretical-historical framework ,
the concept of asymmetry and its characteristics has been dealt with in the
first section , the second section investigates the concept of strategic
performance and measures of its evaluation , the third section examines
United States strategic performance characteristics and developments
during cold war era and afterward , in the fourth section we put under
scrutiny the concept and characteristics of terrorism after sept. 9/11
including terrorism in the decades of seventies and eighties of the 20th
century .
The second chapter comprises three sections , the first section dealt
with United States conducts of international transformations which lead
to asymmetry , the second section studies the United States interior
variables and their role in framing the concept of asymmetry , while we
study exterior variables and their role in crystallizing the asymmetry after
cold war termination .
In the third chapter which considered pillar of the study , we
investigate the United States utilization of incidents in the first section ,
the second section specified to discuss the role of asymmetry in
promoting United States dominance , the third section examined the
American strategic performance evolution during Obama's administration
. the fourth section reviews the future of asymmetry in the American
strategic performance .
The conclusion of the present thesis reach to the fact that the
American strategic performance connected with asymmetric concept
distinguished by a new flexible and diverse framework which drive
forward the United States interests . the features of the new framework
are apparent through :-
1. The multi dimensions of international terrorism put the United

States in front of new unlimited adversaries , and that's what the
United States aspire to , because it is consistent with its strategy in
making foe , and the necessity to defeat him to enhance United
States peace dissertation .
2. The operations of occupying Afghanistan and Iraq unfold the

United States strategy to accomplish the project of Broad Middle
East . these operations reveal the United States utilization of threats
from weak parties to reach to big ends , and that reflect the
American pragmatism in exploitation of asymmetric wars .
Abstract
The term new international order considered a transformation in
international relations , created by USA on the basis of its military might ,
advanced technology , and economic capabilities , to undertake the
control of the world .
The Neo-conservatism perceive military might as essential

instrument to encounter challenges and conflicts in the world , and that
international relationship based on power . peace resulted from triumph in
war not by diplomacy , and the American prestige is the source of
international stability due to the United States power which bolster its
foreign policy to reshape world order after the collapse of the Soviet
Union , for the 21st century represent decisive phase for American
international persistence hegemony .
The United States contemplation centers worked to draw up

strategic theories to encounter the threats that hamper America's endeavor
to achieve its leverage .
The United States war declaration on terrorism in the 9/11

aftermath indicated a legitimatize long war on terrorism , which differ
from preceding conflicts the United States had plunged into during cold
war era , and subsequent period . it is an asymmetric war with various
instruments , and capabilities against all forms of terrorism and
adversaries , threatened international society's interests . the present thesis
indicated the broad concept of asymmetry in United States strategic
thought after cold war era , and its comprehensive dimensions which
don’t confined to military aspect only .
The United States intends , to utilize the concept to put forward a

new strategic vision formed a springboard for its strategic performance to
reshape the context of the international order through changing its rules in
a way that consolidate American unipolarity , and this trend has become a
feature in the United States foreign policy in terms of dealing with its
national security threats through a geostrategic lens .
The hypothesis of the study set out from United States utilization
of asymmetry to reach further beyond eradicating armed groups , and
combating rouge states , because the control of geostrategic territories
around the world , therefore asymmetry is a component of indirect
approach strategy to reach to these regions so as to promote United States
hegemony with assets of power .
Republic Of Iraq
Ministry Of Higher Education
and Scientific Researches
AL-Nahrain University
Collage of Political Sciences
Strategy Department
Asymmetric in American
strategy performance :
fighting terrorism as a
pattern
A thesis submitted by
Zahraa Hassan Kadhim
To the Council of the Collage of Political Sciences \ AL-Nahrain

University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Master
Degree in Political Sciences \ Section Strategy
Supervised by
Dr. Hassoon Jasim Al-Obaidy
1433 2012

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