SKIN RASHES/LESION

Skin Lesion/ Rashes Causative Agent Laboratory Diagnosis Treatment Drug of Choice Prevention

Acne Propionibacterium acne Acne vulgaris is Topical acne Benzoyl peroxide, Washing your skin at
usually diagnosed medications isotretinoin least once daily with
through a physical (contraindicated in warm (not hot).
examination Oral acne medications pregnancy), Washing your skin
azelaic acid , after you exercise or
clindamycin, sweat.
erythromycin Removing your
makeup at the end of
the day or before you
go to bed.
Choosing an oil-free
moisturizer to apply on
your skin after
cleansing.
Avoid popping,
picking or squeezing
your acne
Smallpox smallpox virus culture of vesicular or post-exposure tecovirimat smallpox vaccines
pustular fluid, or prophylaxis
culture of the scab
Chickenpox Varicella-zoster virus polymerase chain pharmacy remedies that Acyclovir chickenpox vaccine
(Varicella) reaction (PCR) to can alleviate symptoms
detect VZV in skin
lesions (vesicles, scabs,
maculopapular
lesions). Vesicular
lesions or scabs, if
present, are the best for
sampling.
Measles (Rubeola) Measles virus Detection of measles- Medical care is acetaminophen Getting vaccinated is
specific IgM antibody supportive and to help the best way to protect
in serum and measles relieve symptoms and yourself and others
RNA by real-time address complications against measles.
polymerase chain such as bacterial
reaction (RT-PCR) in a infections.
respiratory specimen
 Skin Infection Causative Agent Pathognomonic sign
Folliculitis S. Aureus Pus producing infection involving hair follicle,
characterized by localized painful inflammation
and heals rapidly after draining the pus
Furuncle S. Aureus Also known as boils characterized by larger and
painful nodules with underlying collection of dead
and necrotic tissue
Carbuncle S. Aureus Coalescene of furuncles that extend into the
subcutaneous tissue with multiple sinus tracts
Impetigo S. Aureus , S. Pyogenes fever, vomiting, and sunburnlike
rash followed by shock
Ritter’s Disease S. Aureus the surrounding skin becomes painful and scarlet,
changes that quickly spread to other areas. The skin
may be exquisitely tender and have a wrinkled
tissue paper–like consistency. Large, flaccid
blisters arise on the erythematous skin and quickly
break to produce erosions. Blisters are frequently
present in areas of friction, such as intertriginous
areas, buttocks, hands, and feet. Intact blisters
extend laterally with gentle pressure (Nikolsky
sign). The epidermis may peel easily, often in large
sheets. Widespread desquamation occurs within 36
to 72 hours, and patients become very ill with
systemic manifestations (eg, malaise, chills, fever).
Desquamated areas appear scalded. Loss of the
protective skin barrier can lead to sepsis and to
fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
Erysipelas S. Pyogenes Diamond-shaped skin lesions are pathognomonic
for swine erysipelas.
Cellulitis S. Pyogenes a red, swollen, and painful area of skin that is
warm and tender to the touch. The skin may look
pitted, like the peel of an orange, or blisters may
appear on the affected skin.
Necrotizing Fasciitis S. Pyogens A red, warm, or swollen area of skin that spreads
quickly. Severe pain, including pain beyond the
area of the skin that is red, warm, or swollen
Ulcers, blisters, or black spots on the skin
Changes in the color of the skin
Pus or oozing from the infected area
German measles (Rubella) Rubella virus Characterized by mild macular rash resembling
measles that are less extensive and disappears
within 3 days
Otitis Externa Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ear pain, itching and irritation in and around your
ear canal, redness and swelling of your outer ear
and ear canal, a feeling of pressure and fullness
inside your ear and scaly skin in and around your
ear canal, which may peel off.