LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

The Potential of Mayang Falls as

Tourist Destination in Trece Martires

An Undergraduate presented to
The Faculty of International
Tourism and Hospitality Management
In Lyceum of the Philippines Cavite

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of

Research in Tourism and Hospitality 1

Caliboso, Alvin
Jamotillo, Julianne Irish
Pastores, Erika Jane
Perlas, Andrea Bea
Villarosa, Allyn

May 2023

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CHAPTER I
Introduction

Mayang Falls which is located at Conchu Road, Trece Martires Cavite,

Philippines is not yet discovered by tourists, but there are many good things

about the environment and the place itself that people need to know. This water-

fall has plenty of plants and trees that make the place a more relaxing and

stress-free environment. Aside from its natural beauty, tourists will not worry

about their safety and basic needs because there are caretakers and stores

nearby.

In this study, the researchers aims to find out if the Mayang Falls in Trece

Martires would be able to be a tourist spot and what are the things to improve to

help the Mayang Falls to be discovered as one of the tourist spot here in Cavite

by assessing (1) what is the current status of Mayang Falls in terms of facilities,

activities, governance, safety & security and tourist services (2) Are the following

proposed enhancement tourist activities are considered to be establish in

Mayang Falls? cliff jumping, waterfalls outdoor sports, lunch buffet, camping and

zip line. (3) Is there any existing development programs of the government LGU

to Mayang falls? (4) Does informative video presentation through social media

platforms like Facebook, Instagram and Tiktok as proposed program will help the

Mayang Falls to be discovered as tourist spot? The researchers motivated to pur-

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sue this research as they are amazed by its natural beauty and it is deserving to

have more enhancement programs and activities to be implemented. It will also

help the tourist spot and the community to discover this beautiful place that can

be very relaxing and refreshing to have a visit, outing or etc. The researchers

chose to have this thesis as they wanted to achieve a not so ordinary kind of the -

sis that everyone has. The researchers aim to help the place that is hidden to be

discovered so that people can appreciate more the beauty of nature and take

care the environment.

Background of the Study

A tourist attraction refers to a place of interest where visitors can go to

wellknown locations that typically have natural resources, historical significance,

religious tourism, beaches, and cultural value as well as being able to support

their growth through adherence to environmental regulations. The attractions in-

clude both man-made and natural attractions. Beaches and mountains are exam-

ples of natural attractions, whereas historical sites, museums, and cathedrals are

examples of man-made attractions. In Trece Martires, Agritourism used to be the

main economic foundation of Trece Martires, but it has since developed into an

industrialized and commercialized society. Also, one of the largest and remotest

barrios in Cavite (Philippines Cities, 2020). Other than agritourism, Trece Mar-

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tires has a lot of undiscovered diverse landscapes such as waterfalls that de-

mand environmental management and development.

Tourism development in remote areas is one of the prospects for local

economic development. Tourism managers and developers are encouraged for

the purpose of protecting the natural resources in these locations. Natural re-

source preservation is a crucial component of the sustainability and growth of the

tourism industry, according to many researchers. The potential of waterfalls as a

tourist attraction is one of the natural resources that tourism managers and de-

velopers have extensively researched. Beautiful landscapes, waterfall phenom-

ena, vegetation, clean air, and outdoor experiences are just a few of the many

tourist attractions offered by waterfalls, which are remarkable natural attractions

(Prasetyo, 2017).

The province of Trece Martires is one of the oldest barrios in Cavite. It is

known for its tourist attractions, which include beautiful waterfalls, rivers, lovely

resorts, and a sacred church. Industrialization and commercialism have dis-

placed agriculture as the city’s primary source of income (Jefone, 2022). Mayang

Falls is one of the enchanted falls in the province of Trece Martires, this magical

fall is connected to another famous river like the Pulunan River.

This is a hidden gem of the province of Trece Martires and according to

the reviews and feedback of the locals, it has a summary of 4.2 stars with 88 re-

views, and it is not bad for an undiscovered tourist attraction. One netizen named

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Spinnee Grizzlee, loved and enjoy the place. She described it as a nature of

serene sound, the rushing and splashing of the waterfall make her perfectly re-

laxed. Francis Luteria was being real and honest about his review. He described

it as a nice and shocking hidden place. He also noticed that the place had plenty

of debris all around the river. He wishes for better management within the area.

In line with this, the researchers would like to discover possibilities in improving

Mayang Falls to be a source of tourist influx in Trece Martirez. This will also aid

the students to think critically about the possible innovation of the destination.

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Statement of the Problem

1. What is the current status of Mayang Falls in terms of?

1.1 Facilities

1.2 Activities

1.3 Governance

1.4 Safety & Security

1.5 Tourist Services

2. Are the following proposed enhancement tourist activities are

considered to be establish in Mayang Falls?

2.1 Cliff Jumping

2.2 Waterfalls Outdoor Sports

2.3 Lunch Buffet

2.4 Camping

2.5 Zip Line

3. Is there any existing development programs of the government LGU to

Mayang falls?

4. Does informative video presentation through social media platforms like

Facebook, Instagram and Tiktok as proposed program will help the Mayang Falls

to be discovered as tourist spot?

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Theoretical Framework

The Environment Stewardship Theory in Tourism is some of the basic

concepts of environmental management and ethics. According to Nashville State

Community College Libraries Pressbooks (2022), this theory includes carrying

capacity, footprint, the tragedy of the commons, and the tourism paradox. This

section also describes some of the main strategies used by the tourism sector to

address environmental and sustainability-related challenges, such as ecotourism,

responsible tourism management, and sustainable tourism. Tourist Carrying

Capacity is a theoretical concept that discusses and utilize for the analysis of

reality. It is hard for the tourist attraction to maximize the number of people that

can visit a specific place in a set of periods of time without a negative impact to

tourist and without wrecking their convenience as they visit. The Ecological

Footprint is a model that calculates the number of natural resources needed to

support the current standard of living in a place. People use natural resources to

support their living because of this, countries experiencing ecological deficit. The

Tragedy of commons is a theory which states the tendency of society to

overconsume natural resources for individual gain. Lastly, the Tourism Paradox

which was caused by the Tragedy of commons. This theory talks about

destination of failing due to the expectations about a place.

The Sustainable Tourism and Responsible Tourism is some of the

approaches that utilize and maximize the power to sustain the environment.

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Sustainable Tourism is a set of guidelines and management practices that can

be applied to all forms of tourism. It is referred to all aspects of tourism:

environmental, economic, and socio - cultural aspects. Responsible Tourism

defined as making better places for people to live and better place for people to

visit.

The ways of improving a tourist place are clearly evolving, due to the rise

of modernization, science, technology, and competitors. Tourism is advertised as

a cornerstone for environmental development. Tourism in the Philippines started

during ancient times when the first set of people chose to migrate by land bridges

and sea. It is described as one of the tourism breakthroughs that would help the

environment be developed and managed. Mayang Falls is categorized as a

hidden gem of Trece Martires due to the undiscovered beauty of nature. This

place must be environmentally developed and managed.

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Conceptual Framework

Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm

Figure 1 shows the research diagram of the study. The information was

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used to construct the conceptual framework. It includes the current status of

Mayang Falls which are: facilities, activities, governance, safety & security, and

tourist services. The current status of Mayang Falls will be identified to propose

possible tourist activities.

On the second phase of the conceptual, the possible tourist activities of

Mayang Falls are identified. These activities will be cliff jumping, waterfall outdoor

sports, lunch buffet, camping, and zip line. Those activities were categorized by

the researchers, and it is based on the availability and initial assessment of the

researchers.

The third phase of conceptual is the existing development programs of the

government LGU of Mayang Falls and it will be plan by the researchers. The

assessment of the survey will be used as the main source for planning. The main

goal of the researchers is to develop and improve the destination.

The output or proposed program consisted of informative video

presentation through social media platforms which is Facebook, Instagram, and

Tiktok. The short video presentation discusses the tourist activities and the place

itself. The informative video will discuss the current status of Mayang Falls which

are the facilities, activities, governance, safety & security, and tourist services.

This informative video will be helpful for the beneficiaries of the study, where they

can gain relevant information about Incorporating Environmental Management on

Tourism Activities at Mayang Falls Conchu Perez, Trece Martires.

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Significance of the Study

This research is not meant only to solve and find answers for the study but

is also concerned about the effects of the study and the possible results for the

people being involved in the said study. These are the person who will benefit

from the study:

Community/ Locals. This study will help make a good contribution in our com-

munity. It can help to know the place. The people of Trece Martires benefits

when the Mayang Falls is fully restored and fully develop, and it can be a tourist

spot as well

Local Government Unit. This study will help to determine the place and to see if

the place is good for all tourists. Then it is good to know the safety of the people.

The local government will help the place and to know much of Mayang falls in

Trece Martires.

Tourists. This study will be beneficial to the tourist. Aside from the magical

beauty of Mayang Falls, the locality and the natural resources there are

magnificent.

Students. This study will increase the interest and widen the knowledge of

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understanding about environmental management on Tourism Activities at

Mayang Falls.

Scope and Limitation

This study dealt with the assessment of the potential of Mayang Falls as a

Tourist Destination in Trece Martires. This study focuses on the current status,

possible tourist activities, and possible development programs of Mayang Falls.

All the information gathered from the respondents will be limited to the current

status, tourist activities, and development programs of Mayang Falls. Other than

that, all the unrelated information will not be included in this study.

Definition of Terms

Tourist Activities. It is a public or private activity which provides a tourist attrac-

tion or service to the traveling public. Aside from the beauty of Mayang Falls, the

activities of the tourist attraction will make their staycation memorable such as

cliff jumping, waterfall outdoor activities, lunch buffet, camping, and zip line.

Facilities. It is the accommodation, catering facilities, retail, and other tourism-re-

lated services. The renovation of the facilities of Mayang Falls will make the

tourist more comfortable and convenient during their stay.

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Nature Tourism. It is responsible travel to natural areas, which conserves the

environment and improves the welfare of local people. The conservation of the

undiscovered Mayang Falls and improves the environment and the welfare of the

people.

Tourism Development Programs. It is the process of establishing and main-

taining a tourism industry in a particular location. At its most fundamental level,

tourism development can be defined as the process of developing strategies and

plans to increase/develop/encourage tourism in a particular destination.

Tourist Services. Any service offered to tourists, such as, a service connected

with accommodation, bus tours, taxis, tour guiding, vending, water sports, and

food and beverage offered wholly or mainly to tourists.

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CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature

Nature Tourism Focusing on Waterfalls

An organization called 27 Waterfalls dedicated in preserving Natural

Monument of waterfalls, beautiful parks, and local communities. The country of

Dominican Republic is known for their 27 Charcos or waterfalls. Using the tourist

attractions and places in the country they can generate funds for the community

and the nature itself. On November 2007 new fee structure began, the waterfalls

have raised 12,540 dollars for the local community. They renovate roads,

facilities, and improves adventures of waterfalls for the safety of the tourist. They

added additional life guards, security, and utility staff for the safety of the tourist

and for the cleanliness of the areas (27 Waterfalls Org., 2022).

Moreover, waterfalls have long been, popular tourist attractions, with a few

outstanding cataracts becoming tourist destinations. This article discusses the

historic role of waterfalls in tourism and the impact of their development on the

landscape. As well as giving aesthetic pleasure, waterfalls also provide

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opportunities for a wide range of, sometimes incompatible, outdoor leisure

activities. Typically found in difficult, even dangerous, terrain, waterfalls are often

made easier to reach and enjoy by the construction of footpaths and other

amenities. These developments and the increased number of visitors they

encourage can spoil the aesthetic enjoyment of waterfalls. Harnessing waterfalls

for power generation also detracts from their aesthetic qualities and value as

tourist attractions. Many tourists dislike the commercial development at some

waterfalls and so are encouraged to go to other, less developed falls. This in

turn, contributes to the development and degradation of remoter, more pristine

waterfall sites, thus incurring the further spread of tourism blight (Hudson, 2022).

A study conducted by Pantisaya (2018), A waterfall in the village of

Senaru became an attractive tour that offers natural attraction of waterfall, and

also unique and interesting artificial attraction. This fact can potentially attract

visitors. The results show that the perception of tourists are average of

respondents having good perception on aspects of the attractions of comfort and

hygiene, the diversity and security in tourism area, on aspects of accessibilities of

road quality, affordability of public transportation and road directions, on aspects

of amenities of parking security and capacity, lodging, the capacity of the place of

worship, restaurant, gazebo, and on ancillary aspect of officers speed in ticket

sales, officers ability and civility on handling of complaints and officers politeness

in the area of a waterfall.

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In the Philippines the nature tourism is responsible for the environment

and welfare of the locals. According to the article of Audiger (2020), Maria

Cristina Falls is the second -highest waterfall in the Philippines. It is located in

Iligan City, Mindanao and known as the City of Majestic Falls since there are 20

waterfalls in the area. Beside from its beauty and tourist attractions, seventy

percent (70%) of the Mindanao’s electricity production are coming from Maria

Cristina Falls. This natural area conserves the environment as well as the welfare

of the people.

Destination Development

Based on the research of Tosun (2014) about the Challenges of

Sustainable Tourism Development in Developing World: The Case of Turkey, no

matter which location it develops or not, there must be sufficient tourist varieties

to satisfy both the efficiency of the current resources and the ability to maximize

the requirements satisfaction and wants of future generations. It means that the

development on tourism is technically needed. Destination image is one of the

reasons that tourist make decision to visit a place. Waimoku Falls is an ancient

waterfall in Hawaii, the authorities of National Park Service are the ones who

manage the tourist destination. Tourist can book their tours in their website or

partnered tourist services. It is a good thing that Waimoku Falls has good

management, they want the place to be completely developed and accessible to

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the tourists.

There are more than 7000 island in the Philippines, it is only natural that

the country is highly regarded for its pristine islands, waterfalls, and beaches.

The Philippines has some amazing waterfalls that were created by nature. They

are both incredibly attractive and strong. Because they are hidden in mountains

and forests, getting to them is a journey in and of itself (Cybulskie, 2022). The

aesthetic enjoyment of waterfalls is being develop and the resulting rise in

tourists (Hudson, 2006). According to the article of Kathrine Cortes (2022),

Tumalog Falls was innovated and develop by the municipality of Cebu. They

improved the destination itself by creating a man-made pool which is

continuously flowing from different small pools. It is now safer for kids because it

is not deep like other waterfalls. Aside from that, due to remote location they

discovered in 2012 that there is another way for the destination, now it is easily

accessible by the road.

Furthermore, a study of Anisco and Soledad (2019) assess the potential of

Cagamisan Falls, CawaCawa Falls and Pangyan Falls in terms of service,

tangibles and sustainability. In addition, they ascertain the views of the survey

participants regarding to the facilities and service rendered as a feature of the

said waterfalls to increase their potential as a tourist attractions. The overall

assessment by the local official and local resident showed that the tangibles of

Cagamisan, Cawa-cawa and Pangyan Falls gain the lowest rating among the

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three areas which suggests that this features needed much improvement to

increase the potential of the falls as tourist attraction of the town. The highest

rating assessment belongs to the service features of the Cagamisan, Cawa-

Cawa and Pangyan Falls and followed by the sustainability features. It means

that local officials and local residents felt that the service characteristics of the

waterfalls were maintained and natural endowments of the sites are intact and

not exploited. Lastly, as a result of rigid and through analysis, facilities and

amenities such as shower rooms, souvenir shops, maps & travel catalogues,

improved paved roads, refreshment and retail store, comport rooms, picnic tables

& rooms are more needed in the said falls for it to really become a prime tourist

attraction of the province and of the country.

Waterfalls Activities

The Damajagua has 27 waterfalls and locals know them as 27 Charcos. It

is the most visited tourist attractions in the city of Puerto Plata in Dominican

Republic. It is perfect for the adventurous tourist and want an extreme

experience for their trips. Due to its ecological beauty and beautiful waterfalls that

have formed over the years. These waterfalls created natural slides on the rock

formation of the waterfalls. Since it is 27 waterfalls it needs physical energy and a

lot more time to go in all waterfalls in one day. Aside from 27 waterfalls, every

spot has a different activity that tourist loved more about. There are natural water

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slides, hiking, cliff jumping, diving areas, camping areas, and lunch buffet

packages. Tourist can do this depends on the tour package they avail. These

activities need physical efforts and time. Tourist must not worry because there

are safety helmets and life jackets. Aside from that it is governed by the

Dominican Republic Government (27 Waterfalls Org., 2022).

Waterfalls have long been popular tourist attractions due to their

soundscape, beauty, natural pool, and recreational opportunities. With

technological advances and abundant tourism information, more visitors are

being drawn to waterfalls. Such high visitation and use amplify the risk of

degrading pristine waterfall sites and their resources. Not only are waterfalls

experiencing high demand, but state parks are also seeing large increases in

visitation. State parks are typically located closer to population centers and

complement the more well-known and iconic national parks by providing

recreational opportunities to more, diverse visitors. The present study aims to

provide a basis for understanding the visitor experience and carrying capacity at

a waterfall-based state park where visitors engage in an activity with the water

(e.g., swim in the natural pool, climb the waterfall). Further, the study investigates

intrasite displacement from an activity with the water in tandem with the

examination of carrying capacity. Visitor surveys and time-lapse field cameras

were deployed to collect data on visitor use at a popular waterfall-based state

park in Tennessee. The results indicate that use levels are near or above

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crowding-based thresholds, supporting the implementation of a carrying capacity

(Citarella, 2018).

Waterfall activities are very physical and adventurous. It is truly enjoyable

and memorable. Kawasan Falls is one of the famous waterfalls in Badian, Cebu

Philippines. Banamboo (2022) stated that it is the most visited tourist attraction in

Badian. It is a multi-layered waterfall system where the famous beautiful

turquoise water is stunning. It has two main cascades waterfall system; the first

cascade is approximately 40 meters deep and the second cascade is

approximately 20 meters. They offer different activities that makes the destination

more attractive. Cold swimming is one of the activities they offer, tourist can swim

anytime with the magical landscape of the falls, crystal spring water, and

surrounded by lush green rain forest. There is also extreme adventure which is

canyoneering and zip line. Canyoneering at Kawasan falls includes water jumps,

rapid slides, and swing. The zip line at Kawasan Falls is categorized as the

second longest cable zip line in Asia. After canyoneering adventure, tourist can

ride the zip line to get down to the canyon. Aside from adventurous activities,

tourist can enjoy their meal in the dining area beside Kawasan Falls where they

can have their lunch buffet.

Tourist Facilities on Waterfalls

Tourist facilities include roads, water system, public toilets, parking, and

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signages. According to Tanasak (2021), Mae Ya Waterfall in Chiang Main,

Thailand have tourist facilities that tourist loved about. This waterfall is known as

one of the most beautiful waterfalls in Thailand. It is a large, beautiful and tallest

waterfall among the waterfalls in Doi Inthanon National Park. The Electricity

Generating Authority installed a hydroelectric power plant to produce electricity to

the nearby areas. Tourist can pitch a tent at the waterfalls. They also offer

parking lot, restaurant service, and bathroom for the tourist.

The ambience of the Gurara Waterfalls presents potentials for different

kinds of recreations including swimming, canoeing, mountain climbing, boating

and aerial recreations such as the cable car to view its landscape and scenery.

This study was prompted by the fact that the Gurara Waterfalls ought not to exist

in isolation, but built to serve humanity by providing enabling recreational

facilities, which are presently unavailable at the destination. The study finding is

that the provision of recreational facilities at the Gurara Waterfalls will impact

positively on the rate of patronage, thereby facilitating high tourists arrivals at the

destination. The study also observes that not only will recreational facilities

enhance tourists’ choice of the Gurara Waterfalls; but it will also improve the

destination image (Ugochukwu, 2020).

Waterfalls are frequently located in a challenging, even dangerous terrain,

but walkways and other amenities make it simpler to find and appreciate them.

Waterfall facilities are not the same from other tourist facilities, sometimes it is

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more dangerous and less comfortable facilities. Mag-aso Falls in Bohol is less

hassle compared to the other waterfalls’ tourist attraction. It has a man-made

stair with 197 steps metals handrails leading towards the fall. Tourist who has

wobbly knees and painful muscles will not worry because the intervals of the

steps where wider to allow them to rest. Aside from that, there is also stone seat

where tourist can rest and enjoy the natural surroundings (Buno, 2020).

Synthesis

Previous studies have indicated that waterfalls have long been, popular

tourist attractions, with a few outstanding cataracts becoming tourist destinations

(Hudson, 2022). Researchers have theorized that can potentially attract visitors

and tourist develops a good perception of different aspects of the attraction

(Pantisaya, 2018) in fact, a well-known waterfall in Mindanao called Maria

Cristina Falls produces electricity aside from the beauty of the attraction which

conserves the environment as well as the welfare of the people (Audiger, 2020).

However, many cues about developing waterfalls as tourist attraction given the

study of Anisco and Soledad (2018) that waterfalls has to increase their potential

as a tourist attraction. Having said that, Anisco and Soledad (2018) also added

that overall assessment by the local official and local resident showed that the

tangibles of Cagamisan, Cawa-cawa and Pangyan Falls gain the lowest rating

among the three areas which suggests that these features needed much

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improvement to increase the potential of the falls as tourist attraction of the town.

By providing recreational opportunities to more, diverse visitors, waterfalls will

experience high demand, and large increases in visitation (Citarella, 2018).

Because waterfalls has potential on attraction is one of the natural resources that

tourism managers and developers (Prasetyo, 2017) it is theorized that by

assessing tourist expectation and satisfaction and by developing strategies and

plans can increase tourism in tourist destinations.

CHAPTER 3
Methodology
This chapter outlines the procedures used by researchers to gather data

to address research problems and identify, prioritize, and analyze material used

to understand those difficulties. The researcher indicated the reasoning behind

the choice of a particular research design, locale, respondents/participants, and

data-gathering procedure.

Research Design
The researchers utilized a qualitative research method. The information

provided by a qualitative sort of study is limited to the various characteristics of a

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certain subject matter and on observations and justifications that are not

empirically tested or assessed considering the observations. Additionally,

qualitative research, as a result, the qualitative research methods enable detailed

and further probing and questioning of respondents based on their replies, where

the interviewer/researcher also seeks to understand their motives and feelings.

Making judgments in the market research may be aided by understanding how

your audience makes decisions. (Bhat, 2018). In this type, this form of study

involved conducting an interview. An interview usually refers to open-ended

inquiries to get detailed information. Moreover, the structure of an interview

allows for the recording, achievement, testing, and reinforcement of practices

and standards in addition to their recording (Jamshed, 2014). The researcher

believes that an interview was suitable for this study since this delivered a firm

understanding of what the research was aimed at answering or emphasizing.

This study drew on a variety of data sources, including publicly available material

(e.g., textbooks, blogs, articles, or journals) and interactions with respondents.

Locale & Participants of the Study

A study about Mayang Falls which is located at Conchu Road, Trece Mar-

tires Cavite, Philippines. The locals are the perfect respondents for the interview

because the researchers will be able to get a plentitude of significant information,

different ideas, and distinct opinions that will help the study of the development of

Mayang Falls. Specifically, this study involved two sets of participants fifty (50)

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tourists who visit Mayang Falls and five (5) local officials who manage the tourist

destination.

Source of Data

The researchers used both primary and secondary sources of data. The

primary source of data was the survey used by the researchers as a guide. This

study used an open-ended question to produce authentic answers. The ques-

tions will aim to reveal the current status of Mayang Falls and serve as a guide

for the researchers.

The secondary source of data are books, articles, blogs, online materials,

case studies, and research that is related to this study. It came from the different

authors that will benefit this study.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will seek permission from the College Dean to conduct a

study on the potential of Mayang Falls as a tourist destination in Trece Martires.

To collect the necessary data, the researchers must develop interview questions

that will be checked and validated in consultation with their research adviser. The

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interview will be conducted to locals in the surrounding area. The completed

interview was administered and collected, and the responses were recorded and

transcribed. Furthermore, interview will be conducted on weekdays, weekends,

and holidays to ensure the accuracy of the interview results.

Research Instrument

According to Ary (2010) the most common research instruments used in

qualitative research are observation, interview, and document analysis.

Therefore, in this study the researchers used observation and interview to collect

the data that includes the assessment of their travel experiences in Mayang Falls

Trece Martires Cavite.

Data Analysis

The tourist experiences and satisfaction of the facilities, activities,

governance, safety and security and tourist services of Mayang Falls Trece

Martires Cavite were analyzed using the narrative analysis which developed as a

discipline from inside the broader field of subjective inquire about within the early

20th century, as prove exists that this strategy was utilized in psychology and

sociology. It aims to understand how research participants develop story and

narrative from their own individual encounter or experiences.

Ethical Consideration

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No specific names are mentioned to maintain the study’s high level of

confidentiality. The respondent's identity was not revealed, and the researchers

expressed no personal opinion but only information and results based on the

data gathered. Moreover, the researchers made certain that all data collected

from the respondents will provide free consent or be completely volunteered by

the respondents. As a result, the researchers also certified that there is a high

regard and value for their respondents' integrity in the treatment in order to

receive an effective response from the questionnaires and interviews. As a result,

respecting the respondents' ideas and opinions and recording their input can help

ensure the success of conducting this study.

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