CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter focuses on the systematic approach for solving the research problem in the study

and highlights the instruments and techniques used to seek solutions to the research problem. It

consists of the research design, population of the study, source of data, area of study, sampling

techniques, limitation of the study, validity and reliability of research instruments and methods

of data analysis. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of employee motivation on

organizational performance; A study of First Bank of Nigeria plc, Lagos state was the only

selected Area used as a study in this research.

3.1 AREA OF STUDY

This study will be conducted mainly in First Bank of Nigeria plc at the selected area of Eti-osa

Local Government in Lagos state. The community is located in the island part of Lagos State. It

is about 5 kilometer from Lekki main town, other community surrounding it are Ibeju Lekki,

Victoria Island, Ikoyi and Epe, the community is made up of three main area which are, Badore,

Sangotedo Abraham-adesanya and Lagbasa. The community is presently run by Local

government chairman and his Councilors.

Eti-osa Local Government is known for its highly administrative offices and also a premises for

residents.
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

This study will employ the descriptive method of research using questionnaire and documentary

analysis as tools. The use of this method will be based on its capacity to successfully complete

the purpose of this study.

As mentioned by Calderon and Gonzales (2004), the descriptive method of research is a process

of gathering, analyzing, clarifying and tabulating data about the prevailing conditions, practices,

beliefs, processes, trends and cause and effect relationships and then making adequate

interpretation about such data. It also includes studies that seek to present facts concerning the

status of anything, group of persons, acts, conditions and any other phenomenon.

The method is therefore appropriate as it permits the researcher to assess the effect of employee

motivation on organizational performance. The quantitative and qualitative approaches will be

utilized; the data will be tabulated and analyzed statistically. Documentary assessment will be

employed in acquiring information. Research surveys will be conducted as the source of data

from the respondents regarding their assessment of employee motivation on organizational

performance will also be done to strengthen and support the information that will be gathered.

3.3 SOURCE OF DATA

Source of data involves gathering of relevant and important data used for conducting a particular

research work. It is the basis for acquiring data. Data can be collected in two ways which are;

primary data and secondary data.

Primary source of data was used for gathering data in this research work. It is the data collected

for the purpose of the research, these are the responses generated or obtained from administered

questionnaires (Mugenda & Mugenda, 2003).

The questionnaire research instrument was used in this research work to gather information

because it helps to access a large number of respondents at a minimal cost. The data collected

would be gathered, sorted, and analyzed.

3.4 POPULATION OF THE STUDY

The population of the study is strictly the population of First Bank of Nigeria plc in Eti-osa Local

Government, Lagos state, and the population was all the workers in the organization inrespective

of the department such worker are.

The population of staff in Lekki branch at Eti osa Local Government was estimated one hundred

and thirteen (113) staff. Which sixty two (62) of the total population of workers are females

while fifty one (51) are males However, majority of the staff are females; and the level of their

formal education is very high.

3.5 SAMPLE AND SAMPLE TECHNIQUES

For the purpose of a research work, sample is a selected portion from the entire population. A

statistically determined sample size will be used in this work in order to have a more

comprehensive result.

Questionnaire will be administered to people who have good knowledge of the subject matter.
A total of 200 persons were selected as sample size for the study from the study population and

200 questionnaire were distributed to this 200 persons.

Formular:

M = N

---------------

1 + N(e)2

E = 0.01

N = 200

M = ?

Where: M = sample size

N = population

E = margin of error

Therefore M = 200

----

1 + 200(0.01)2

200

----

1 + 0.0200

200

------

1.0200 = 196.08

It is assumed that those selected will give a fair answer to the research work.
3.6 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The instrument used for data collection was questionnaire. The reason for questionnaire was

because, the majority of the people were literate enough to be given questionnaire and the

researcher discovered that they prefer questionnaire than oral interview. The questionnaire

schedule was contained in two sections.

Section one (A) covers five questions on personal data of the respondents. Section two (B)

contained several questions based on the research questions used.

3.7 OPERATIONALIZATION OF VARIABLES

A measuring instrument provides suitable coverage for current study that is research items

measure the variables of the study while face validity is face to face check. The variable of the

research instrument is to be gotten from the various questions posed to the respondents (Ojo,

2003).

3.8 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS

There exist various statistical tools which are employed in the interpretation of data for testing

hypothesis as well as drawing references and conclusion. For the purpose of this study, the SPSS

which means statistical package for the social science, SPSS software for editing and analyzing

all sorts of data. These data may come from basically any source. Chi-square measures the

difference between actual and expected counts in a statistical experiment.

Data generated for this study was analyzed using frequency table and percentage to answer the
research questions. The use of this method enabled the Data to be represented in a simplified

manner for ease of understanding.

3.9 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF INSTRUMENT

The Test Retest reliability otherwise known as coefficient of stability which is the degree at

which scores and consistent over time, is used. It is obtained by administering the same test to

the same group of individuals on two occasions and correlates the paired scores.

For example, a physical fitness test may be given again the following week. If the test is reliable,

each individuals relative position on the second administration of the test will be near his or her

relative position on the first administration of the test. The validity also include face validity,

concurrent validity, discriminant validity and predictive. Course mates and the supervisor were

the main succor for the use of face validity.