Graduate School of Criminal Justice

With Specialization in Criminology

Prelim Examination in
CRISIS INCIDENCE MANAGEMENT

Ron Alfred Moreno

1. One of the elements of crisis is short decision time. If you were the incident
manager, how will you address it? (20 pts)
First things First, I must be an ideal incident manager and everything will
follows. I must be a tactician, team leader/flexible foreman, security consultant,
intelligence officer, weather forecaster and a psychologist.

Think as a tactician, determine the objective, its alternative way and set
criteria for goal attainment.

Be a team leader and flexible foreman, know the capability of your people,
your limited resources, supervised them on how to address the situation and
entrust them by their own keen sense of judgment, decision and reactive
response to the situation.

Be a security consultant, eliminate the entire hazard, foresee and prevent all
incoming threats in your limited capacity.

Be an intelligence officer, outsource information that you need to gather and

rely such information to every channel for their reactive response.

Be a weather forecaster, expect the unexpected, plan for any incoming

unforeseen events and be ready for an opposite response against any situation.

Be a Psychologist, boost the morale of your men, encourage victims so they

will not lose hope and give a awakening words for energy boost to fight their inner
weakness cause by the crisis.
 2. Boycott and picketing are types of confrontation crisis. Distinguish the two.
(10 pts)

The difference between boycott and picketing are namely as follows:

The person who does boycotts and pickets are called boycotter and picketer
respectively.

The Boycotting is an act of people protest who usually form of a protest that
refuses to deal with a particular agreement and associate people in activities, or buy
and use things and people who do the act are called boycotter while Picketing is an
act of people protest by which people block the entrance to a business of an
employer and to exert effort and pressure on the employer by persuading other
people not to do work for, or do business with, the employer in which the people who
do picketing are picketer.

3. Discuss the 4P Crisis Management Model. (20 pts)

PROACTIVE PHASE

It contains the 3P’s wherein it was systematically plan for prediction, prevention and
preparation for incoming crisis situations

This Phase sub-contains the 3P’s namely as follows :

(1st P) Prediction

Foreseeing the incoming crisis threats, hazards, risks, vulnerabilities,

opportunities, indicators and others uncertainty from the future foresight.

(2nd P) Prevention

A contingency action or response that will be used for any incoming crisis
incident wherein precautionary action are necessary for delimiting crisis
consequences

(3rd P) Preparation

Preparation consists of 6 integral parts which is planning, organizing, training,

equipment, exercises and evaluating & improvement. Crisis Plan Test or Test of
Crisis Plan is used to test and to know the flaws and weaknesses of the plan and to
adapt, correct and provide alternative remedy/plan for any errors or foreseeing
events against the plan.
 The Reactive Phase

Reactive response in any given situation and provide remedy and solution to
any destabilizing factors or security flaws of such crisis.

(4th P) Performance
The Execution and Implementation of the plan is the part where all resources
and manpower is being used and called upon. To save lives, property and minimize
loss is the priority in every crisis.

4. Case Analysis (30 pts)

Manila Hostage crisis, officially known as the Rizal Park Hostage-taking

incident in which Mendoza and 8 hostages were killed after the 90 minute gun
battle.

What went wrong along Crisis Incidence Management?

According to First Report of the Incident Investigation and Review Committee on

the Rizal Park Hostage-taking Incident that was published in the Official Gazatte,
there were several lapses in the crisis event of the hostage taking.
1. Crisis Management Committee was not activated in accordance with the
manual of the crisis management committee wherein Mayor Alfredo Lim is the
person in authority for such activation.
2. The improper appreciation of the nature of the demand of the hostage taker
wherein the manner and schedule for “an order for reinstatement to the
service” was drawn-out to “a letter promising to review Mendoza’s case” by
the Ombudsman could not be satisfactorily explained by the authorities
concerned.
3. The presentation of the letter to the Ombudsman and the offer of Col. Yebra
on conditional reinstatement pending appeal.
4. Col. Yebra lost of focus, distracted by peripheral matters especially the
execution of arrest that cause the closing opportunity to negotiate with
hostage taker.
5. The orders of Mayor Lim to conduct an arrest cause the hostage taker to
shoot and kill his hostages.
6. The lack of intelligence in the assault plan especially on the emergency exit
door, the emergency button to open the main door and the strength of
material of the window panels.
7. The lack of Post Assault Plan wherein there were no crowd control, no
coordination for medical facilities and media personnel were allowed to board
ambulances for their respective interviewee for media purposes.

5. Enumerate Philippine government policies on crisis management involving

Filipino Nationals abroad. (20 pts)
1. Department Order no. 11-12 s. 2012, creating the DFA Crisis Management
Committee (CMC)
2. Republic Act No. (R.A.) 8042 or the Migrant Workers and Overseas
Filipino Act of 1995, as amended by R.A. No. 10022
3. 2000 Philippines Crisis Manual
4. Executive Order No. 34 series of 2011 created the Overseas
Preparedness and Response Team (OPRT)
5. Memorandum from the Executive Secretary dated 3 August 2011, the
Undersecretary for Migrant Workers Affairs of the DFA was designated as
Head of the OPRT Secretariat
6. National Crisis Management Core Manual 2012