Predictions of the Resistance and Squat

of a NOVA-I Model Hull at 15 Displacements

L. Lazauskas, Cyberiad, leo@cyberiad.net
February 27, 2014

Summary
Predictions of the resistance and squat of the NOVA-I hull are compared to measured values for 15 different
displacements. All predictions were made using Flotilla version 6.1. Consult the Monohull Manual for an
explanation of the notation used, and for instructions on how to run the validation yourself.

1 NOTES
The NOVA series was developed for operation in shallow coastal waters around Finland. The series can
accommodate waterjet propulsion systems [1].
The performance of the NOVA series was first reported by Lahtiharju et al. [1]. Robards [2] also
investigated the series in his thesis.

2 GEOMETRY

NOVA-I

145%
100%
75%

Figure 1: Body plan of the NOVA-I hull.

A body plan of the NOVA-I hull is shown in Fig. 1. Waterlines corresponding to 75%, 100% and 145%
displacement are also shown on the figure. Principal geometric particulars are summarised in Table 1.

3 RESULTS
All results were calculated with Flotilla 6.1. The hull was represented with 41 stations and 61 waterlines;
512 θ-intervals were used in the calculation of hydrodynamic integrals, and a turbulent eddy viscosity of
νt = 0.0000686m2 s−1 was used for all cases.
Results are presented for 15 different displacements, ranging from 75% to 145%. Experimental values
of total resistance used in comparisons with predictions were taken from Robards [2]. These values are not
exact experimental values; instead, they were estimated from a regression equation fitted to the experiments

1
[1]. Lahtiharju et al. [1] did not report measured values of squat for this particular subset of the NOVA
series.

3.1 Resistance
Fig. 2 shows the specific resistance of the vessel at 15 different displacements. Specific resistance is defined
as R/∆ where R is the resistance component and ∆ is the weight of the vessel in Newtons.
For the lighter displacements, wave resistance is greater than skin-friction for a narrow range of Froude
numbers between about 0.45 an 0.7. For displacements greater than 115%, wave resistance exceeds skin-
friction for all Froude numbers greater than 0.4.
At light displacements there is a small hump in the curve of the transom stern hollow resistance at about
Fr=0.45. The hump persists for displacements up to about 135% after which it diminishes in significance
relative to values at higher Froude numbers.
As expected, predicted form drag and splash drag are very small for all drafts across the entire Froude
number range.

3.2 Squat
Fig. 3 shows the change in positions of the bow and stern relative to their static (i.e. at rest) values for
the 15 displacements. The effect of displacement is noticeable, but quite small.

References
[1] Lathiharju, E., Karpinnen T., Hellevaara, M. and Aitta, T., “Resistance and seakeeping characteristics
of fast transom stern hulls with sytematically varied form”, Trans. SNAME , Vol. 99, 1991, pp. 85-118.

[2] Robards, Simon William, “The hydrodynamics of high-speed transom-stern vessels”, M. Engineering
thesis, The University of New South Wales, Nov. 2008.

L (m) L/B B/T C∇ CB CM CP CVP CWP S/L2

75% 2.800 5.53 5.05 7.23 0.410 0.616 0.660 0.535 0.766 0.158
80% 2.800 5.50 4.90 7.07 0.420 0.626 0.667 0.545 0.770 0.161
85% 2.800 5.47 4.77 6.93 0.429 0.634 0.672 0.555 0.774 0.164
90% 2.800 5.44 4.64 6.79 0.438 0.642 0.678 0.564 0.777 0.167
95% 2.800 5.42 4.52 6.67 0.447 0.650 0.683 0.572 0.781 0.169
100% 2.800 5.41 4.47 6.62 0.450 0.653 0.684 0.575 0.782 0.171
105% 2.800 5.38 4.30 6.45 0.462 0.664 0.691 0.587 0.787 0.175
110% 2.800 5.36 4.20 6.35 0.469 0.670 0.695 0.594 0.790 0.178
115% 2.800 5.34 4.10 6.26 0.476 0.676 0.699 0.601 0.792 0.180
120% 2.800 5.32 4.01 6.17 0.482 0.682 0.702 0.607 0.795 0.183
125% 2.800 5.31 3.92 6.09 0.489 0.688 0.706 0.613 0.798 0.186
130% 2.800 5.29 3.84 6.01 0.495 0.693 0.709 0.618 0.800 0.188
135% 2.800 5.27 3.77 5.94 0.500 0.698 0.712 0.623 0.803 0.191
140% 2.800 5.26 3.69 5.87 0.506 0.702 0.715 0.628 0.805 0.193
145% 2.800 5.24 3.62 5.80 0.510 0.707 0.718 0.632 0.808 0.196

Table 1: Principal particulars of the NOVA-I model hull at 15 different displacements.

2
 0.16 0.16 0.16
NOVA-I: 75% NOVA-I: 80% NOVA-I: 85%
Exp. Exp. Exp.
Wave Wave Wave
Hollow Hollow Hollow
Friction Friction Friction
Form Form Form
0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash
Total Total Total
Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance
0.08 0.08 0.08

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.16 0.16 0.16

NOVA-I: 90% NOVA-I: 95% NOVA-I: 100%
Exp. Exp. Exp.
Wave Wave Wave
Hollow Hollow Hollow
Friction Friction Friction
Form Form Form
0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash
Total Total Total
Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance
0.08 0.08 0.08

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.16 0.16 0.16

NOVA-I: 105% NOVA-I: 110% NOVA-I: 115%
Exp. Exp. Exp.
Wave Wave Wave
Hollow Hollow Hollow
Friction Friction Friction
Form Form Form
0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash
Total Total Total
Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance
0.08 0.08 0.08

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.16 0.16 0.16

NOVA-I: 120% NOVA-I: 125% NOVA-I: 130%
Exp. Exp. Exp.
Wave Wave Wave
Hollow Hollow Hollow
Friction Friction Friction
Form Form Form
0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash
Total Total Total
Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.16 0.16 0.16

NOVA-I: 135% NOVA-I: 140% NOVA-I: 145%
Exp. Exp. Exp.
Wave Wave Wave
Hollow Hollow Hollow
Friction Friction Friction
Form Form Form
0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash 0.12 Splash
Total Total Total
Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance

Specific Resistance

0.08 0.08 0.08

0.04 0.04 0.04

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

Figure 2: Specific resistance of the NOVA-I hull at 15 different displacements.

3
 0.05 0.05 0.05
NOVA-I: 75% NOVA-I: 80% NOVA-I: 85%
Bow Bow Bow
0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

z/L

z/L

z/L
0.00 0.00 0.00

-0.01 -0.01 -0.01

-0.02 -0.02 -0.02

-0.03 -0.03 -0.03

-0.04 -0.04 -0.04

-0.05 -0.05 -0.05

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.05 0.05 0.05

NOVA-I: 90% NOVA-I: 95% NOVA-I: 100%
Bow Bow Bow
0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

z/L

z/L

z/L
0.00 0.00 0.00

-0.01 -0.01 -0.01

-0.02 -0.02 -0.02

-0.03 -0.03 -0.03

-0.04 -0.04 -0.04

-0.05 -0.05 -0.05

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.05 0.05 0.05

NOVA-I: 105% NOVA-I: 110% NOVA-I: 115%
Bow Bow Bow
0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

z/L

z/L

z/L
0.00 0.00 0.00

-0.01 -0.01 -0.01

-0.02 -0.02 -0.02

-0.03 -0.03 -0.03

-0.04 -0.04 -0.04

-0.05 -0.05 -0.05

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.05 0.05 0.05

NOVA-I: 120% NOVA-I: 125% NOVA-I: 130%
Bow Bow Bow
0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

z/L

z/L

z/L

0.00 0.00 0.00

-0.01 -0.01 -0.01

-0.02 -0.02 -0.02

-0.03 -0.03 -0.03

-0.04 -0.04 -0.04

-0.05 -0.05 -0.05

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

0.05 0.05 0.05

NOVA-I: 135% NOVA-I: 140% NOVA-I: 145%
Bow Bow Bow
0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern 0.04 Stern

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.02 0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01 0.01

z/L

z/L

z/L

0.00 0.00 0.00

-0.01 -0.01 -0.01

-0.02 -0.02 -0.02

-0.03 -0.03 -0.03

-0.04 -0.04 -0.04

-0.05 -0.05 -0.05

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1
F F F

Figure 3: Squat of the NOVA-I hull at 15 different displacements.