HELLO!

Welcome to English Class.

 Correct, or Nah?
1. I need study.
2. I recommend sleep during noon.
3. Ana decided play.
4. Brandon keeps avoid Lily every class time.

Help me figure it out!

 Correct, or Nah?
1. I need study.
2. I recommend sleep during noon.
3. Ana decided play.
4. Brandon keeps avoid Lily every class time.

Help me figure it out!

 Correct, or Nah?
1. I need to study.
2. I recommend sleeping at noon.
3. Ana decided to play.
4. Brandon keeps avoiding Lily every class
time.
LESSON 21-22
Gerund and Infinitives
 Gerund & Infinitives
Both gerund and Gerund is formed by adding
infinitives are formed -ing to the verb. [verb+ing]

from a verb, BUT do

Infinitives are formed by
not act as a verb in the adding TO to the base form
sentence. of the verb.
 GERUND
Examples:

I recommend sleeping at noon.

Brandon keeps avoiding Lily every class time.
Learning English is very important nowadays.
Teaching is a really rewarding job.
VERBS THAT ALWAYS FOLLOWED BY

GERUNDONLY
AVOID FINISH
ENJOY KEEP
CONSIDER PRACTICE
IMAGINE QUIT
FANCY RECOMMEND
DISCUSS
 INFINITIVE
Examples:

I need to study.
Ana decided to play.
It is important to get enough sleep every night.
VERBS THAT ALWAYS FOLLOWED BY

INFINITIVEONLY
NEED AGREE
WANT HOPE
DECIDE PLAN
DESERVE OFFER
LEARN
VERBS THAT MAY FOLLOWED BY EITHER
GERUND
OR INFINITIVE

LOVE BEGIN
HATE PREFER
LIKE CONTINUE
DISLIKE
START
 GERUND
OR INFINITIVE

Gerund: to emphasize the action in general.

Infinitive: to emphasize particular preferences

about that action.
 GERUND
OR INFINITIVE

Examples:
I love travelling.
I love to travel in winter.

I hate studying.
I hate to study the day before the exam.
Complete the Sentences!
1. The teacher told the students ______ every night.
(study)
2. He promised ______ his sister to the beach. (take)
3. ______ always cheers me up. (sing)
4. They considered ______ to a new city. (move)
5. We talked about ______ our own business. (start)
Functions of Gerund
Lesson 21-22
 Subject
Gerund may function as a subject in a sentence/phrase.
Examples:

1. Investigating the murder was a tough job.

2. Swimming is a good exercise.
3. Writing poetry is Elmar's great talent.
4. Gazing at the stars is Matthew's nightly habit.
 Object of Preposition
When the gerund comes after a preposition, it acts as an
object of preposition.
Examples:

1. The court had the right reason for dismissing the case.
2. This axe is used for chopping wood.
3. I helped her in doing her assignment.
4. The Sheriff is bent on pursuing the case against Mrs.
Wright.
 Direct Object
When the gerund comes after certain verb, it acts as a
direct object.
Examples:

1. She loves swimming in the lake behind their house.

2. She enjoys partying with friends.
3. They miss going to the beach on weekends.
 Subject Complement
When the gerund renames a subject or modify it, it acts
as a subject complement.
Examples:

1. One of Shirley's fascination is working in the kitchen.

2. Nora's nightmare is editing.
3. Matthew's pastime is sleeping.
4. The movie's focus is achieving justice.
Identify the gerund and its function in the
following sentence.

1. They suggested staying in the hotel.

2. I've always been crazy about travelling.
3. Cooking is my favorite pastime.
4. My sister is afraid of swimming in the sea.
5. Dr. Enrico's greatest fear is singing.
Functions of Infinitive
Lesson 21-22
 As a NOUN
Infinitive function as a noun if it acts as a subject or an
object in the sentence.
verb
I love to sleep. To help others is so important.
subj. object subject verb

I really need to eat something.

subj. verb object
 As an ADJECTIVE
Infinitive function as an adjective if it modifies/describes
a noun in the sentence.
verb
Joe wants a book to read.
noun infinitive/describes the book

We can't play until we find a ball to throw.

verb noun infinitive
 As an ADVERB
Infinitive function as an adjective if it is used to give more
information abput adjectives, verbs, or other adverbs.

Mom is going to store to buy dinner.

verb infinitive

The students were excited to go to a field trip.

adj. infinitive
Identify the infinitive and its function in
the following sentence.

1. Bartley had nobody to blame but himself.

2. Moana is eager to see her family.
3. To sleep early is the only thing I told you to do.
4. Doctor forbade me to eat fat.
5. The murder of Jack Smith is a tale to discover.