BIO LCV LAB EXAM REVIEW W23

Lab 1 ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY: Identify and know the function of the following organs in the
Abdominal cavity :
Liver, Gall bladder, Bile duct
Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine, Caecum, Rectum
Spleen
Pancreas (dorsal to the stomach)
Kidney, Ureter, Urinary Bladder
Ovary, Uterine horn (female)
Testis, Penis (male)
Sympathetic trunk

Thoracic cavity:
Larynx, Trachea
Thymus (3 lobes), Thyroid
Esophagus (dorsal to trachea)
Heart: Pericardium, Right atrium, Pulmonary trunk, Aorta, - *Ductus arteriosis (only present in
fetus), Anterior and Posterior vena cavae
Lungs, Diaphragm
Oral cavity:

Hard palate, Soft palate

Pharynx, Nasopharynx
Epiglottis

Lab 2 Histology

Epithelial Tissues

Simple Squamous (lungs)

Simple Columnar (Intestine)
Simple Cuboidal (Kidney)
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar (trachea)
Stratified Squamous(Esophagus, epidermis)
Stratified Cuboidal (Salivary gland)

Connective Tissues: Cells and matrix (space)

Loose Areolar
Adipose
Dense regular (fibrous) tendon
Dense irregular (Dermis)
Cartilage
Bone
Blood
Muscles:

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth (Intestine)

Nervous Tissues (see lab 7: Nervous system)

Skin:

Epidermis Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Dermis mostly Dense irregular Connective tissue
Hypodermis Adipose

Intestine:

Mucosa: Simple Columnar Epithelium with Goblet cells

Submucosa Connective tissue
Smooth Muscle
Serosa

Small Intestine: Villi ,some Goblet cell

Large intestine: no villi , lots of Goblet cells

Lab 3 Circulatory System

Heart
Heart sounds and heart valves

Structures visible from outside: Left ventricle, Right ventricle, Left atrium, Right atrium
Interventricular groove, Coronary vessels, Superior and inferior vena cava , Pulmonary trunk,
Aorta , Pulmonary veins (on plastic model)

Internal structures:
Atria-ventricular valves (left and right) , Aortic semilunar valves ,Pulmonary semilunar valves,
Chordae tendinae, Left ventricle, Right ventricle, Left atrium, Right atrium
Video: Bio LCV - Dissection of sheep heart - YouTube

ECG : P wave, QRS wave, T wave

Blood Vessels : arteries, capillary, veins, Artherosclerosis

Blood cells:
-Erythrocytes,
-Granulocytes: Basophils, Eosinophils, Neutrophils
- Agranulocytes : Lymphocytes and Monocytes
Lab 4 Excretory System

Urine Analysis: Reading Dip stick Interpreting Result

Kidney : Cortex, Medulla, Ureter, Minor calyx, Major calyx, Renal pelvis

Lab 5 Nervous System

Nerve and Glial cells slide

Spinal Cord slide:
 Grey matter and White matter
• Dorsal root, Dorsal root ganglion and Ventral root
• Dura mater, Arachnoid, Pia mater

Brain Dissection
• Meninges • Cerebrum o Frontal lobe o Parietal lobe o Occipital lobe o Temporal lobe • Cerebellum •
Colliculi • Medulla oblongata • Pons • Olfactory nerve • Optic nerve • Optic chiasma • Pineal gland •
Hypothalamus* • Thalamus* • Pituitary gland • Corpus callosum*
Sheep Brain Dissection

Lab 6 Special senses

 Dissection of a sheep eye:

 Sclera, Cornea, Conjunctiva
 Choroid, Iris, Pupil
 Retina, Fovea
 Optic nerve, Blind spot (optic disc)
 Lens, Ciliary body, Aqueous humour
 Vitreous Humour

Review activities