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Bilkent Mat152
Bilkent Mat152
n o∞
1/n2
1a . Determine whether the sequence e converges or diverges.
n=1
X
∞
2
1b . Determine whether the series e1/n converges or diverges.
n=1
X
∞
2
1c . Determine whether the series (e1/n − 1) converges or diverges.
n=1
X
∞
((2n)!)2
b.
n=0
(3n)! n!
X
∞
2n
xn
n=0
5n + (−3)n
4 . Find an equation for the plane passing through the point P0 (3, 2, 1) and containing the line
of intersection of the planes P1 : x + y + z = 3 and P2 : x + 2y + 3z = 6 .
where a is a constant.
d
a . Compute the velocity vector v(t) = r(t) .
dt
b . Suppose that the velocity vector v is parallel to the plane
P : 3x + y + 4z = 1
at time t = −2. Find all other times t when the velocity vector v is parallel to this plane.
c . Suppose that there is a time t when the velocity vector v is parallel to the line
x−1 y−2 z+1
L : = = .
5 −1 2
Find all values of the constant a that makes this possible.
2 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
8 2n − (−1)n
1 . Let a1 = 1 and an = 1 + for n ≥ 2 , and let bn = for n ≥ 1 .
1 + an−1 3
a . Fill in the following boxes.
a2 = a3 = a4 = a5 =
b2 = b3 = b4 = b5 =
an = for n ≥ 1
e . Find lim an .
n→∞
X
∞
1 1
b. (−1) n−1
√ −√
n=1
n n+1
11
4a . Find all x satisfying the equation x − x3 − x4 + x6 + x7 − x9 − x10 + · · · = − .
111
X
∞
1
4b . Show that <1.
n=0
n2 + 4
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 3
X
∞
xn
5 . Find the interval of convergence of the power series .
n=0
(n + 2n )(n + 2−n )
[ In this problem you may use the fact that lim nk 2−n = 0 for all constants k. ]
n→∞
xy
a . Evaluate the limit lim .
(x,y)→(0,0) f (x, y)
b . (0, 0) is a critical point of f . [ You do not need to verify this. ] Determine whether f has a local
maximum, a local minimum, a saddle point, or something else at (0, 0).
8
2 . Let f (x, y, z) = x3 − xy 2 z + and P0 (1, −1, 2) .
z2
a . Compute ∇f (P0 ).
b . Is there a unit vector u such that the rate of change of f at P0 in the direction of u is 0?
If Yes, find one; if No, explain why it does not exist.
c . Is there a unit vector u such that the rate of change of f at P0 in the direction of u is 5?
If Yes, find one; if No, explain why it does not exist.
d . Is there a unit vector u such that the rate of change of f at P0 in the direction of u is
−7? If Yes, find one; if No, explain why it does not exist.
3 . Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f (x, y) = 2xy − x − 2y 2
on the square D = {(x, y) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 3 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 3}.
˚ ˆ ˆ ˆ
f (x, y, z) dV = f (r cos θ, r sin θ, z) dz dr dθ
E
4 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
b . Fill in the boxes so that the following equality holds for all continuous functions f where
(ρ, ϕ, θ) are the spherical coordinates.
˚
f (x, y, z) dV
E
ˆ ˆ ˆ
= f (ρ sin ϕ cos θ, ρ sin ϕ sin θ, ρ cos ϕ) dρ dϕ dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
+ f (ρ sin ϕ cos θ, ρ sin ϕ sin θ, ρ cos ϕ) dρ dϕ dθ
y
x
X
∞
xn
1 . Determine the interval of convergence of the power series .
n=2
2n (ln n)2
X
∞
n+1
b.
n=1
n(n + 2) 2n
X
∞
√ n
b. n2 + n − n
n=1
X∞
((2n)!)3
b.
n=0
(4n)! (n!)2
3a3n
a1 = A and an+1 = for n ≥ 1
a2n + 4
a . Suppose that the sequence {an } converges, and let L = lim an . Show that, depending on
n→∞
A, there are at most three possible values for L.
b . Let A be your Bilkent student number. Determine whether the sequence {an } converges
or diverges.
Show that one of these possibilities can be eliminated if the question is correct.
2 . Find all points P (a, b, c) on the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 such that the tangent plane to the
paraboloid at the point P contains the line:
6 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
3 . Each of the following functions has a critical point at (0, 0). Determine for each of them
whether this critical point is a local minimum, a local maximum, a saddle point, or something
else.
a . f (x, y) = (x2 − y 2 )2021
b . f (x, y) = (x2 + y 2 )2020 − 2021(x2 + y 2 )2022
[You do not have to verify the fact that (0, 0) is a critical point!]
ˆ 5 ˆ 4y 2
4a . Change the order of integration in the iterated integral f (x, y) dx dy.
2 16
¨
4b . Express the double integral f (x, y) dA as an iterated integral in polar coordinates
D
y
where D = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 ≤ 2x and x + √ ≥ 1 }.
3
In this question you might want to use: x = r cos θ , y = r sin θ , dx dy = r dr dθ
where B = {(x, y, z) : x2 + y 2 + z 2 ≤ 1 }.
In this question you might want to use: x = r cos θ , y = r sin θ , z = ρ cos ϕ , r = ρ sin ϕ
M : x + 3y + 5z = −1 and N : 3x + 2y + z = 4
−→
1b . Suppose that r(t) = OP (t) is a parametric curve such that the point P (t) lies on the plane
with equation
P(t) : et x + e2t y + e3t z = 1
d
for each t. Show that if r(t) = 0 , then the point P (0) belongs to the line L in Part 1a .
dt t=0
2a . Make each of the following sentences into a true statement by choosing one of the possible
completions. Indicate your choice by putting a 7 in the corresponding box. No explanation
is required.
x(x2 − y 2 )
À lim exists does not exist
(x,y)→(0,0) (y − x2 )2 + (y + x2 )2
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 7
y(x2 − y 2 )
Á lim exists does not exist
(x,y)→(0,0) (y − x2 )2 + (y + x2 )2
xy(x2 − y 2 )
 lim exists does not exist
(x,y)→(0,0) (y − x2 )2 + (y + x2 )2
2b . Now prove two of your statements in Part 2a. Write the number of the statement you are
proving inside the circle.
• I will prove the statement nhere.
u(x, y) = a ln(bx2 + by 2 + c)
satisfies the combustion equation for all (x, y) with x2 + y 2 < 1 as well as the condition
u(x, y) = 0 for all (x, y) with x2 + y 2 = 1.
4a .Find all pairs (u, v) of real numbers satisfying both of the equations uv = 6 and u2 −v 2 = 5 .
∂f
4b . Find if f (x, y) is a differentiable function satisfying
∂x (x,y)=(6,5)
f (uv, u2 − v 2 ) = u3 + v 3
for all u > 0 and v > 0.
You are given the following information about a differentiable function f (x, y, z) :
Write
Ê At P0 , f increases in the direction of the vector A = i + 2j + 2k at a rate of . A+G
here
Write
Ë At P0 , f decreases in the direction of the vector B = 2i + 3j + 6k at a rate of . B+H
here
Using only this information and knowing nothing else about the function f , find a nonzero
vector C such that the directional derivative of f at P0 in the direction of C is 0.
8 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
3 . [Moodle/WebAssign question]
4 . [Moodle/WebAssign question]
1 . A sequence {an }∞
n=0 satisfies the following:
2503
pn + 1 pn
an+1 = if an = where pn and qn are positive integers with no common
qn + 1 qn
divisor greater than 1, for n ≥ 0.
a . Find the limit lim an .
n→∞
x2 x4 x6 1
cos x = 1 − + − + · · · for all x and = 1 − x + x2 − x3 + · · · for |x| < 1
2! 4! 6! x+1
X∞ !
1 1
p
n cos −cos
n=1
n+1 n
converges or diverges.
3 . [Moodle/WebAssign question]
4 . [Moodle/WebAssign question]
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 9
1a . In this part, just fill in the boxes. No explanation is required. No partial points will be
given.
Ê Give an example of a plane that contains the x-axis, but does not contain the y- and
z-axes by writing its equation in the box below. [ The box should contain nothing except the equation! ]
Ë Give an example of a line that does not intersect the xy-plane, but intersects each of the
yz- and xz-planes at exactly one point by writing its parametric equations in the box below.
[ The box should contain nothing except the parametric equations! ]
1b . The positions of two points P1 and P2 in the space as a function of time t are given by:
−−→ −−→
r1 = OP1 = (4t − 1) i + t2 j + t k and r2 = OP2 = 3t i + t j + t3 k
∂u ∂ 2u ∂u
= + u
∂t ∂x2 ∂x
arises in the study of nonlinear acoustics and gas dynamics in fluid mechanics, and in the study
of traffic flow in civil engineering.
Find all possible values of the pair of constants (a, b) for which the function
x
u(x, t) =
ax2 + bt + 1
3a . You are given the following information about a differentiable function f (x, y) :
À The tangent line to the level curve f (x, y) = f (1, −1) at the point (1, −1)
has the equation 5x − 8y = 13 .
d
Á f (t − 2t + 1, t − 4/t − 3) = 1 .
3 2 2
dt t=2
b . Choose one of the critical points of f that lies on the y-axis by filling in the box:
(x, y) = (0, )
Determine whether this point is a local maximum, local minimum, or a saddle point without
using the 2nd Derivative Test.
2 . Let V be the volume of the solid bounded by the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 1 on the sides, the plane
z = y at the top, and the xy-plane at the bottom.
a . Only three of Ê-Í will be graded. Mark the ones you want to be graded by putting a 7
in the corresponding s.
Ê Express V in terms of iterated integrals in Cartesian coordinates by filling in the
rectangles.
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = dz dy dx
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 11
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = dx dy dz
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = r dz dr dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = ρ2 sin ϕ dρ dϕ dθ
b . Compute V .
3 . In each of the following, indicate all possible completions of the sentence that will make it
into a true statement by putting a 7 in the corresponding s.
12 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
∞
1 1 1 1 1
a. = 1, , , , · · ·, , · · · is
n n=1 2 3 4 n
a convergent sequence a divergent sequence
a convergent series a divergent series none of these
X∞
1 1 1 1 1
b. n−1
= 1 + + + + · · · + n−1 + · · · is
n=1
2 2 4 8 2
f. {1}∞
n=1= {1, 1, 1, 1, · · ·, 1, · · · } is
4 . A sequence {an }∞
n=1 satisfies
an−1 + an−2
a1 = 1 , a2 = A , and an = · an−1 for n ≥ 3 ,
an−1 − an−2
where A is a real number such that A ̸= 1, A ̸= 0, A ̸= −1.
a . In the following, fill in the s with real numbers that will make the sentence into
a true statement.
If A = , then a3 = and a4 = .
b . In each of the following, fill in the with a real number that will make the
corresponding sentence into a true statement.
Ê If A = , then lim an = ∞ .
n→∞
Ë If A = , then lim an = 0 .
n→∞
c . Now choose exactly one of the statements you made in Part b by putting a 7 in the
corresponding , and prove it fully and carefully by using correct mathematical reasoning and
notation.
x y
1 . Consider the function f (x, y, z) = − and the point P0 (3, 1, 1) .
y z
a . Compute ∇f (P0 ) .
b . Is there a unit vector u such that Du f (P0 ) = 5? If Yes, find one. If No, prove that it
does not exist.
c . Is there a unit vector u such that Du f (P0 ) = 3? If Yes, find one. If No, prove that it
does not exist.
d . Let S be the set of all points P (x, y, z) where f increases fastest in the direction of the
vector A = 2i + j + 2k. Show that S is a subset of the union L1 ∪ L2 of two lines L1 and L2 ,
and find parametric equations of these lines.
3. In each of the following, if the given statement is true for all sequences {an }∞
n=1 , then mark
the to the left of True with a 8 ; otherwise, mark the to the left of False with a 8
and give a counterexample. No explanation is required.
a. If {an }∞
n=1 is increasing, then lim an = ∞ .
n→∞
True
X
∞
b. If lim an = 0 , then an converges.
n→∞
n=1
True
X
∞ X
∞
c. If an converges conditionally, then (−1)n an diverges.
n=1 n=1
True
X
∞ X
∞
d. If a2n converges, then a3n converges.
n=1 n=1
True
X
∞ X
∞
e. If a2n diverges, then a3n diverges.
n=1 n=1
True
X
∞
b. n arctan(n + 1) − arctan(n)
n=1
X
∞
c. arctan(n + 1) − arctan(n)
n=1
5 . Suppose that the function f (x) defined on the interval (−R, R) by a power series
f (x) = c0 + c1 x + c2 x2 + · · · + cn xn + · · ·
which has radius of convergence R > 0 satisfies f (0) = 1 and f ′ (x) = f (x/2) for all x in
(−R, R).
a . Express the coefficients of the following series in terms of c0 , c1 , c2 , . . . , cn , . . . by filling in
the boxes. No explanation is required.
f ′ (x) = + x+ x2 + · · · + xn + · · ·
f (x/2) = + x+ x2 + · · · + xn + · · ·
c . Find R.
d . Determine whether f (−2) is positive or negative.
Now fill in the boxes below with the corresponding digits from above.
P: x+ y+ z=1
A B C
Now find an equation for the plane perpendicular to the plane P and containing the line L.
16 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
2a . Make the sentences Ê and Ë into true statements by choosing one of the possible
completions for each of them. Indicate your choice by marking the in front of it with a 3 .
No explanation is required.
x sin y − y sin x
Ê The limit lim exists does not exist
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + y 2
x sin y − y sin x
Ë The limit lim exists does not exist
(x,y)→(0,0) x4 + y 4
2b . Choose one of the statements Ê and Ë you made in part (2a), and prove it.
Indicate your choice by marking the in front of it with a 3 .
where u(x, t) is the temperature as a function of the position x and the time t, arises in the
problems of heat conduction in media which react to spatial variations in temperature with
a time delay. For example, the temperature of meat as it is cooked can be modeled with the
delayed heat equation.
Find all possible values of the pair of positive constants (a, b) for which the function
∂f
Ê (3, 1, 3) = 1.
∂y
is contained in the level surface S of f (x, y, z) passing through the point (3, 1, 3).
is also contained in the level surface S of f (x, y, z) passing through the point (3, 1, 3).
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 17
∂f
Find (3, 1, 3).
∂z
5 . Find and classify the critical points of the function f (x, y) = x2 y + y 2 − cxy where c is a
constant.
ˆ 2 ˆ 1− 21 z ˆ 3−2x− 32 z
I= f (x, y, z) dy dx dz
0 0 0
where E is a region in space. Draw a picture of the region E, and clearly label the surfaces
bounding it with their equations and clearly label the important points with their coordinates.
b . Express the iterated integral I in terms of iterated integrals with the order of integration
dz dy dx.
c . Evaluate I.
18 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
Student B says: The largest possible rate of change of f at P0 in any direction is 25.
2 . The surface area SA of the graph of a function f (x, y) on a region D is defined by the
formula: ¨ q
SA = 1 + (fx )2 + (fy )2 dA
D
b .Assume that g is a differentiable function on the interval [a, b] with 0 < a < b and
pconsider
the function f (x, y) = g(r) on the ring D = {(x, y) : a2 ≤ x2 + y 2 ≤ b2 } where r = x2 + y 2 .
Express the surface area SA of the graph of f on D as a definite integral with respect to r
whose integrand involves only r and g ′ (r).
3 . A sequence {an }∞
n=1 satisfies the recursion relation
10
an = max{an−1 , an−2 } − min{an−1 , an−2 }
9
for n ≥ 3.
a . In this part suppose that a1 = 1 and a2 = 1/9.
Ê Fill in the following boxes with the correct values. No explanation is required.
a3 = a4 = a2018 =
a3 = a4 = a2018 =
X
∞
1
b.
n=1
2n−ln n
X
∞
1
c.
n=2
2n/ ln n
∞
X n
1 1
5 . Consider the power series f (x) = + xn .
n=1
2 n
xy 5
b. lim
(x,y)→(0,0) x4 + x5 y + y 6
xy 5
c. lim
(x,y)→(0,0) x4 + x3 y + y 6
4 . Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f (x, y) = x3 − y 2 + x2 y
on the closed triangular region T shown in the figure below.
y
T
−2 1 x
−2
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 21
¨
1 . In each of the following, a double integral f (x, y) dA is expressed as an iterated integral
D
in polar coordinates. In each part, draw a picture of the region D, and clearly label the curves
bounding it with their equations both in Cartesian and polar coordinates.
ˆ π/4 ˆ sec θ
a. f (r cos θ, r sin θ) r dr dθ
0 0
ˆ π/4 ˆ csc θ
b. f (r cos θ, r sin θ) r dr dθ
0 0
ˆ π/4 ˆ 2 sin θ
c. f (r cos θ, r sin θ) r dr dθ
0 0
ˆ π/3 ˆ 2
d. f (r cos θ, r sin θ) r dr dθ
0 0
ˆ 1 ˆ π
e. f (r cos θ, r sin θ) r dθ dr
0 arccos r
ˆ ∞ ˆ √
1/ y
2a . Evaluate the iterated integral e−1/x dx dy .
0 0
¨
2b . Evaluate the double integral (x2 + y 2 ) dA where R is the region between the unit circle
R
and the regular hexagon with center at the origin shown in the figure .
1
x
R
22 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
3 . Let D be the region in space bounded by the parabolic cylinder x = y 2 , the plane x+y+z = 2,
the yz-plane, and the xy-plane.
• Choose two of the following rectangular boxes by putting a 7 in the in front of them,
and then
• choose one of the orders of integration in each of the selected boxes by putting a 7 in the
in front of them.
dx dy dz dy dx dz dz dx dy
dx dz dy dy dz dx dz dy dx
Express the volume V of the region D in terms of iterated integrals in each of your selected
orders of integration (a) and (b).
c . Find the volume V .
an =
an+1
Ë lim = −1 and lim an exists.
n→∞ an n→∞
an =
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 23
Á Fill in the boxes so that the sentence below becomes a true statement.
Write here a real number Write here either
which is not an integer converges or diverges
 Prove the statement in Á.
where R is the region bounded by the parabolas y = 3x2 , y = 3x2 /2, x = y 2 , x = 2y 2 in the
plane.
24 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
• The intersection of D with the xy-plane is the region bounded by the cardioid with the
equation r = 1 + cos θ in polar coordinates.
Express the volume V of the solid D as an iterated integral in spherical coordinates by filling
in the rectangles below. No explanation is required.
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = dρ dϕ dθ
3 . In each of the following, if the given statement is true for all sequences {an }∞
n=1 , then mark
the to the left of True with a 8 ; otherwise, mark the to the left of False 8 and give
a counterexample. No explanation is required.
a . If an < an+1 for all n ≥ 1, then lim an = ∞ .
n→∞
True
X
∞
b . If lim an = 0 , then an converges.
n→∞
n=1
True
True
1 X∞
d . If 0 < n < an for all n ≥ 1, then an diverges.
2 n=1
True
1 X∞
e . If 0 < an < for all n ≥ 1, then an converges.
n n=1
True
X
∞ π
a. cos
n=1
n
∞
X π
b. 1 − cos
n=1
n
X
∞
1
c.
n=1
n2−cos(π/n)
X
∞
xn
5 . Consider the power series f (x) = .
n=2
n3 − n
a . Find the interval of convergence I of the power series and determine whether it converges
absolutely or conditionally at each point of I.
1
1 . Consider the sequence {an }∞
n=1 satisfying the conditions a1 = A and an+1 = 3an − for
an
n ≥ 1 where A is a real number such that an ̸= 0 for all n ≥ 1.
a . Assume that the sequence converges and let L = lim an . Show that, depending on A,
n→∞
there are at most two possible values for L.
b . Give an example of A for which the sequence converges. Explain your reasoning.
c . Give an example of A for which the sequence diverges and |an | < 1 for all n ≥ 1. Explain
your reasoning.
d . Show that the sequence is increasing if A = 1.
e . Determine whether the sequence converges or diverges if A = 1.
2a . In each of Ê-Í, indicate all possible completions of the sentence that will make it into a
true statement by 3 ing the corresponding s. No explanation is required.
X∞
1 1 1 1 1
Ê = 1 + + + + · · · + + · · · is
n=1
n 2 3 4 n
∞
1 1 1 1 1
Ë = 1, , , ,··· , ,··· is
n n=1 2 3 4 n
a convergent sequence a divergent sequence
a convergent series a divergent series none of these
∞
1 1 1 1 1
Ì = 1 , , , , · · · , n−1 , · · · is
2n−1 n=1 2 4 8 2
a convergent sequence a divergent sequence
a convergent series a divergent series none of these
X∞
1 1 1 1 1
Í n−1
= 1 + + + + · · · + n−1 + · · · is
n=1
2 2 4 8 2
2b . In each of Î-Ï, if there exists a sequence {an }∞n=1 satisfying the given conditions, write
its general term inside the box; and if no such sequence exists, write Does Not Exist inside the
box. No explanation is required.
Î The sequence {an }∞ ∞
n=1 diverges and the sequence {(−1) an }n=1 converges.
n
an =
X
∞ X
∞
Ï The series an converges and the series (−1)n an diverges.
n=1 n=1
an =
n=1
2016
X
∞
c. 20161/n − 1
n=1
X
∞
xn
4 . Consider the power series f (x) = .
n=2
(n2 − 1) · n!
n= i+ j+ k
v= i+ j+ k
d . Write inside the box parametric equations of one of the lines lying in the plane P. No
explanation is required.
L:
e . Find an equation of the plane that passes through the point (1, 1, 1) and contains the line
L in Part d. Show all your work.
3 . Each of the following functions has a critical point at (0, 0) . [You do not need to verify this.]
Determine whether this critical point is a local maximum, a local minimum, a saddle point or
something else.
a . f (x, y) = (1 − x2 )(1 − y 2 )
b . f (x, y) = x2 − y 4
c . f (x, y) = x2 − xy + y 4
4 . Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the restriction of the function
f (x, y, z) = xy + xz
X
∞
(−1)n X∞
1 X
∞
(−1)n+1
A= B= C=
n=0
2n n=1
n2n n=1
n!
X∞
n X
∞
(−1)n
D= E=
n=1
3n n=0
3n (2n + 1)
is a nonlinear evolution equation which arises in the study of the motion of the interface between
a viscous and a nonviscous fluid with surface tension.
Find all nonzero constants a, b, c such that the function
3 . Suppose that g(x, y) = f (x2 − y 2 , 2xy) where f (x, y) is a differentiable function. Find an
equation of the tangent plane to the graph of z = f (x, y) at the point (3, −4, 7) if an equation
of the tangent plane to the graph of z = g(x, y) at the point (−2, 1, 7) is z = 5x − 6y + 23 .
30 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
4 . Consider the double integral y
¨ 2
1
I= 2 2 2
dA
R (x + y ) √
2
where R is the region in the first quadrant lying outside the
circle x2 + y 2 = 2 , and bounded by the line x = 2 on the R
right and the line y = 2 at the top.
a . Express I in terms of iterated double integrals in
Cartesian coordinates. √
2 x
2
c . Evaluate I.
5 . Let V be the volume of the solid cone whose base is the unit disk in the xy-plane and whose
tip is at the point (0, 0, 2) in the xyz-space.
z
2
−1
−1 1 y
1
x
a . Only two of Ê-Ì will be graded. Mark the ones you want to be graded by putting a 3
in the corresponding s.
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = dz dy dx
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = r dz dr dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = ρ2 sin ϕ dρ dϕ dθ
b . Compute V using its expression in terms of iterated integrals in one of the coordinate
systems in Part a.
1. 1
1/2
1/3
1/2 1/3
1/4
1/4
...
1
We have a 1/n×1/n square for each positive integer n. For each of (a-c), indicate by 4ing the
to the left of Yes or No whether it is possible or not to place these squares in the xy-plane
in such a way that they completely cover the given set. If Yes, describe how this can be done
(you might also want to draw a picture) and then fully justify your claim. If No, explain why
this cannot be done.
a . The entire xy-plane : Yes No
b . The line defined by the equation y = x : Yes No
c . The region between the graph of y = e−x and the x-axis for x ≥ 0 : Yes No
2 . In each of the following, if the reasoning in the given sentence is correct, then 4 the
corresponding ; otherwise, leave it blank. No explanation is required. For each of the parts
(a-e), to get full points you must check exactly the squares corresponding to the correct reasonings. Note that
in each sentence all the statements to the right of “because" are true. You must decide whether they lead to
the statement to the left of “because", possibly using a test you have seen in this course.
X∞
1 1
a. converges because lim = 0 .
n=1
n n→∞ n
X∞
1 1 1
converges because 0 < < for all n ≥ 1 .
n=1
n n + 1 n
32 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
X∞
1 1 1 1
diverges because 1 + + + · · · + > ln(n + 1) for all n ≥ 1 .
n=1
n 2 3 n
X∞
1 1 1 1 n
diverges because 1 + + + ··· + n > 1 + for all n ≥ 2 .
n=1
n 2 3 2 2
X
∞
b. (−1)n converges because −1 ≤ (−1)n ≤ 1 for all n ≥ 0 .
n=0
X∞
X
∞
1 1
c. converges because lim = 0.
n=1
n1+1/n n→∞ n1+1/n
X∞
1
converges because 0 < (1/(n + 1)1+1/(n+1) )/(1/n1+1/n ) < 1 for all n ≥ 1 .
n=1
n1+1/n
X
∞
1 1 1 X1 ∞
X∞ 1/n
1 1 1
e. n
converges because lim n
= < 1.
n=0
2 n→∞ 2 2
X 1
∞
1
n+1 n
converges because lim (1/2 )/(1/2 ) = < 1.
n=0
2n n→∞ 2
X 1
∞
3 7 15 31
n
converges because the sequence 1, , , , , . . . converges.
n=0
2 2 4 8 16
X∞
1 1
n
diverges because n
̸= 0 for infinitely many n ≥ 0 .
n=0
2 2
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 33
3 . Determine whether each of the following series converges or diverges. Explain your reasoning in
full by clearly stating the name and the conditions of the test you are using, and explicitly checking the validity
of these conditions for the given series.
X
∞
−1
a. 5n − 3n
n=1
X
∞
√
b. sin5 π/ 3 n
n=2
X
∞
√
c. cos5 π/ 3 n
n=1
X
∞
xn
4 . Consider f (x) = .
n=0
5n (n2 + 1)
1 . In each of the following if the series converges, then write the exact value of its sum in a
form as simplified as possible in the box; otherwise, write Div. No explanation is required.
X
∞
3n
a. =
n=0
n!
X
∞
3n
b. (−1)n =
n=0
2n + 1
X
∞
π 2n
c. (−1)n =
n=0
(2n + 1)!
34 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
X
∞
n
d. (−1)n =
n=1
3n
X∞
1
e. nn
=
n=1
3
2 . In the xyz-space where a flyscreen lies along the plane with the equation
2x + y − 2z = 1 ,
r = t i + t2 j + t3 k
x3 y 2
Ê lim
(x,y)→(0,0) x6 + y 6
x3 y 2
Ë lim Your choice: Fill in the with “+" or “−", then evaluate!
(x,y)→(0,0) x6 x2 y 2 + y 6
3b . Evaluate the following statements. [ Just check and fill, no further explanation is required. ]
Ì If f (x, y) approaches 0 as (x, y) approaches (0, 0) along any line through (0, 0), then lim f (x, y) = 0 .
(x,y)→(0,0)
Í If, for (x, y) ̸= (0, 0), the line y = x and every circle tangent to it at (0, 0) are level curves of f (x, y)
belonging to different values, then lim f (x, y) does not exist.
(x,y)→(0,0)
∂p ∂ 2p
= p (1 − p) + 2
∂t ∂x
describes the spread of an advantageous allele in a population with uniform density along a
1-dimensional habitat, like a shoreline, as a result of both reproduction and dispersion of the
offspring. Here p(x, t) is the frequency of the allele as a function of the position x and the time
t.
Find all possible values of the pair of constants (a, b) for which the function
1
p(x, t) =
(1 + eax+bt )2
Ê f (2, 1) = 8
Ë An equation for the tangent line to the level curve f (x, y) = 8 in the xy-plane at the
point (2, 1) is 3x − 5y = 1
Let P be the tangent plane to the graph of z = f (x, y) at the point (2, 1, 8) .
In each of the parts (a-e) below a Ìrd condition is given.
• If there is no function satisfying the conditions Ê-Ì , then 3 the next to None.
• If there are functions satisfying the conditions Ê-Ì , but they do not all have the same
tangent plane P, then 3 the next to Many.
36 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
• If there are functions satisfying the conditions Ê-Ì and all of these functions have the
same tangent plane P, then 3 the next to Unique and write an equation of P inside
the box.
a . Ì f (3, 2) = 11
b . Ì fx (2, 1) = −1
d
c. Ì f (t2 + 1, t3 ) = 6
dt t=1
e . Ì The line with parametric equations x = −t+2 , y = 2t+1 , z = t+8 , (−∞ < t < ∞) ,
is perpendicular to P
2 . In the figure below some of the level curves and the corresponding values of a function f are
shown.
a . Indicate the signs of the following derivatives at (0, 0) by 3 ing the corresponding .
No explanation is required.
Ê fx (0, 0) is positive negative
Ë fy (0, 0) is positive negative
Ì fxx (0, 0) is positive negative
Í fyy (0, 0) is positive negative
Î fxy (0, 0) is positive negative
b . Draw the gradient vector ∇f (0, 0) at the origin as best you can on the figure. No
explanation is required.
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 37
3 . Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f (x, y) = 2(x2 + y 2 − 1)2 +
x2 − y 2 on the unit disk D = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 ≤ 1} .
ˆ ˆ √
1 1−x2
b. sin π(x2 + y 2 ) dy dx
−1 0
a . Only two of Ê-Ì will be graded. Mark the ones you want to be graded by putting a 3
in the corresponding s.
38 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = dz dy dx
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = r dr dz dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = ρ2 sin ϕ dρ dϕ dθ
b . Compute V using its expression in terms of iterated integrals in one of the coordinate
systems in part (a).
1a . In each of Ê-Ñ , indicate the kind of geometric object defined in the xyz-space by the given
set of equations by marking the corresponding with a 3 . No explanation is required.
Ê x + 3z = 7y + 5
A point A line A plane Something else
Ì x − 4 = (y − 3)/5 = (z − 11)/8
A point A line A plane Something else
Í 2x + y − 3z = 0 , −x + 6y + z = 8
A point A line A plane Something else
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 39
Î y = 13
Ð x = 1, z = 3
Ñ x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 0
1b . Write inside the box an equation for the plane that passes through the point (3, 2, 1) and
contains the line of intersection of the planes with equations x + y + z = 3 and x + 2y + 3z = 6.
No explanation is required.
1c . The equation of the tangent plane to the graph of the function z = f (x, y) at the point
with (x, y) = (3, 5) is 4z − 7x + y = 2. Write inside the box an equation of the tangent line
to the level curve of the function f in the xy-plane that passes through the point (3, 5). No
explanation is required.
2 . Mark two s in each of the sentences in parts (a) and (b) with 3 s to make them true
statements. Then prove your claim by using the method you chose.
x3 y 2 − x2 y 3
a. The limit lim is 0 does not exist , and this can be shown by using
(x,y)→(0,0) x4 + y 6
the Sertöz Theorem the 2-Path Test the Squeeze Theorem .
x4 y 2
b. The limit lim is 0 does not exist , and this can be shown by
(x,y)→(0,0) x4 + y 6 − x2 y 2
using the Sertöz Theorem the 2-Path Test the Squeeze Theorem .
40 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
Sertöz Theorem:
Let a and b be nonnegative integers, let c and d be positive even integers,
and let
xa y b
f (x, y) = .
xc + y d
Then:
a b
• If + > 1 , then lim f (x, y) = 0 .
c d (x,y)→(0,0)
a b
• If + ≤ 1 , then lim f (x, y) does not exist.
c d (x,y)→(0,0)
3a . Find the largest possible value of the directional derivative Du f (2, −1, 1) for the function:
2
f (x, y, z) = yzexy+2z
3b . A fly walks with a speed of 1 cm/s in any direction on this page which is identified with
the xy-plane. If the fly walks from the origin in the direction of the vector A = i − 7j , the
temperature it measures increases at a rate of 3◦ C/s. If the fly walks from the origin in the
direction of the vector B = i+j , the temperature it measures decreases at a rate of 2◦ C/s. Find
how fast the temperature it measures changes if the fly walks from the origin in the positive
x-direction.
Fill in the box with less than 13 characters to make your response mathematically valid.
ˆ ∞ ˆ ∞
1
1a . Evaluate the iterated integral √
dy dx .
0 x (y 2 + 1)2
¨
1
1b . Evaluate the double integral dA where R is the region shown in the figure.
R (x2 + y 2 )2
2 . The region R bounded by the curve z 2 = y 2 − y 4 in the right half of the yz-plane is rotated
about the z-axis to obtain a solid D in the xyz-space. Let V be the volume of the solid D.
a . Only two of Ê-Ì will be graded. Mark the ones you want to be graded by putting a 3
in the corresponding s.
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = dz dy dx
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = r dz dr dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
V = ρ2 sin ϕ dρ dϕ dθ
b . Compute V .
3a . Fill in the rectangles to make each of the following sentences a true statement.
is a convergent sequence.
is a convergent series.
is a divergent sequence.
is a divergent series.
4 . In each of the parts (a-d), mark the appropriate s with 3 s and then give a brief
explanation consisting of complete and meaningful mathematical sentences.
X∞
1
a . The series n
is convergent divergent .
2
n=1 Xn
1
A positive integer n such that 2014 ≤ ≤ 2015 exists does not exists ,
i=1
2i
because: Explain!
X
∞
b . The series 5n is convergent
divergent .
n=1 Xn
A positive integer n such that 2014 ≤ 5i ≤ 2015 exists does not exist ,
i=1
because: Explain!
∞
X n
2999
c . The series is convergent divergent .
n=1
3000
Xn i
2999
A positive integer n such that 2014 ≤ ≤ 2015 exists does not exist ,
i=1
3000
because: Explain!
X∞
1
d . The series is convergent
divergent .
n
n=1 Xn
1
A positive integer n such that 2014 ≤ ≤ 2015 exists does not exist ,
i=1
i
because: Explain!
1 . Suppose that f (x, y) is a differentiable function that satisfies f (1, 2) = 7, fx (1, 2) = −3,
fy (1, 2) = 11, and
x y
f 2 , = f (x, y)
x + y 2 x2 + y 2
for all (x, y) ̸= (0, 0).
a . Find an equation of the tangent plane to the graph of z = f (x, y) at the point with
(x, y) = (1, 2).
b . Find parametric equations of the normal line to the surface z = f (x, y) at the point
(x, y, z) = (1, 2, 7).
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 45
c . Find an equation of the tangent line to the level curve f (x, y) = 7 at the point (x, y) =
(1, 2).
u v
2 . Consider the transformation T : x = ,y= .
u+v+1 u+v+1
∂(x, y)
a . Compute the Jacobian of T .
∂(u, v)
¨
∂(x, y)
b . Show that there is a constant C such that the inequality ∂(u, v) du dv ≤ C holds
G
for all regions G contained in the first quadrant of the uv-plane.
3 . In each of the following, if there exists a sequence {an } with nonzero terms satisfying the
given conditions, write its general term inside the box; and if no such sequence exists, write
Does Not Exist inside the box. No explanation is required. No partial credit will be given.
X
∞ X∞
1
a. an converges and converges.
n=1 n=1
a n
an =
X
∞ X∞
1
b. an converges and diverges.
n=1 n=1
a n
an =
X
∞ X∞
1
c. an diverges and diverges.
n=1 n=1
a n
an =
1
d . {an } converges and converges.
an
an =
46 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
1
e . {an } converges and diverges.
an
an =
1
f . {an } diverges and diverges.
an
an =
X∞
1
b.
n=1
n 2
ln
X
∞
√
n
c. (−1)n−1 ln 2
n=1
X
∞
√
(1 −
n
d. ln 2)
n=1
X
∞
√
(1 −
n
e. ln 2)n
n=1
X
∞
xn
5 . Consider the power series .
n=2
n2 − 1
In Parts a-c, mark the in the appropriate box or fill in the to make these into true
statements and then prove them.
2 . Determine whether each of the following series is convergent or divergent. Explain your
reasoning in full.
X∞ n2
n
a.
n=1
n+1
X
∞
b. (21/n − 1)
n=1
X
∞
1
c.
n=2
(ln n)ln n
• If the given statement is true for all sequences {an } , then mark the to the left of
True with a 8 and fill in the blank with the name of a test;
X
∞
a . If an converges, then {an }∞
n=1 converges.
n=1
X
∞
b . If {an }∞
n=1 converges, then an converges.
n=1
X
∞ X
∞
c . If an converges conditionally, then nan diverges.
n=1 n=1
X
∞ X
∞
d . If an converges conditionally, then nan converges.
n=1 n=1
X∞
nn n
f (x) = x
n=1
(n!)2
a . Write the first five nonzero terms of the power series with their coefficients in a form as
simplified as possible.
b . Find the radius of convergence of the power series.
15 nn 64
c . Show that f (1) ≤ . You may use the fact that ≤ for n ≥ 1.
4 (n!) 2 9 · 2n
• Write the exact value of the sum in a form as simplified as possible if the series converges;
and
X
∞
π 2n
a. (−1)n =
n=0
4n (2n)!
X
∞
(−1)n
b. =
n=0
3n (2n + 1)
X
∞
23n
c. =
n=1
32n
X
∞
1
d. =
n=1
1 + 2 + ··· + n
1 . Use power series to determine the value of the constant a for which the limit
cos x − eax
2
lim
x→0 sin(x4 )
exists and evaluate the limit for this value of a. (Do not use L’Hôpital’s Rule! )
L1 : x = 2t − 1, y = −t + 2, z = 3t + 1
L2 : x = s + 5, y = 2s + 3, z = −s
where a and b are nonnegative integers. In each of the following, mark the corresponding
with a 8 and fill in the s where necessary
to form a true statement. No explanation is required.
for a = and b = .
b . f (x, y) goes to 1 as (x, y) approaches (0, 0) along the line y = x, and f (x, y) goes to
−1 as (x, y) approaches (0, 0) along the line y = −x
for a = and b = .
c . f (x, y) goes to 0 as (x, y) approaches (0, 0) along any line through the origin, and the
limit lim f (x, y) does not exist
(x,y)→(0,0)
for a = and b = .
d . f (x, y) goes to 0 as (x, y) approaches (0, 0) along any line through the origin except
the y-axis, and f (x, y) goes to 1 as (x, y) approaches (0, 0) along the y-axis
for a = and b = .
for a = and b = .
a . Find an equation of the tangent plane to the graph of z = f (x, y) at the point (2, 5, 1).
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 51
f (w, w) = f (uv, u2 + v 2 )
∂w
for all (u, v). Find at (u, v, w) = (1, 2, 3).
∂u
5 . Find the values of the constants c and k for which the function
1
u(x, y) =
1 + ex−cy
satisfies the equation
∂u ∂u ∂ 2u
u + =k 2
∂x ∂y ∂x
for all (x, y).
h
x
5a . Express the given triple integral as an iterated integral by filling in the boxes, where D is
the region shown in the figure.
˚ ˆ ˆ ˆ
f (x, y, z) dV = f (x, y, z) dy dx dz
D
˚
1
5b . Evaluate dV where D = {(x, y, z) : x2 + y 2 + z 2 ≤ 1} .
D 1+ (x2 + y 2 + z 2 )3/2
1a . Write in the box an equation for one of the planes that contain the line x = −2t + 3, y =
5t + 1, z = 4t − 1, −∞ < t < ∞. No explanation is required.
1b . Write in the box parametric equations for one of the lines that are contained in the plane
7x − y − 2z = 11. No explanation is required.
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 53
1c . Find an equation of the plane that passes through the point P (−3, 2, 1) and is perpendicular
to both of the planes with equations x + 3y − 8z = 2 and 2x − y + 6z = 1.
2a . Find the length of the parametric curve x = (1 + cos t) cos t, y = (1 + cos t) sin t, 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π.
2b . Find parametric equations of the tangent line to the parametric curve r = t i + t2 j + t3 k,
−∞ < t < ∞, at the point with t = 2.
3 . The level curves of the following five functions are shown in the figures below. Match these
with their functions by filling in the boxes with the corresponding letters.
B . f (x, y) = (4x2 + y 2 )e−x
2 −y 2
A . f (x, y) = sin x + 2 sin y C . f (x, y) = x2 y 2
D . f (x, y) = xye−y
2
E . f (x, y) = 3x − 2y
x3 y 4
4 . Let f (x, y) = .
x4 + x3 y 2 + y 10
a . Show that the limit of f (x, y) as (x, y) approaches (0, 0) along any line through the origin
is the same.
b . Show that lim f (x, y) does not exist.
(x,y)→(0,0)
f (x, y) =
ii . A = i + 2j , B = i − j , C = −i − j
f (x, y) =
iii . A = 3i + j , B = i − j , C = −i − j
f (x, y) =
5 . Let D be the region in the first octant bounded by the coordinate planes, the plane x+y = 4,
and the cylinder y 2 + 4z 2 = 16.
• Choose two
of the following rectangular boxes by putting a 7 in the small square in
front of them, and then
• choose one
of the orders of integration in each of the selected boxes by putting a 7 in
the small square in front of them.
dx dy dz dy dx dz dz dx dy
dx dz dy dy dz dx dz dy dx
Express the volume V of the region D as iterated integrals in both of your selected orders of
integration (a) and (b). (Do not evaluate the integrals! )
1a . Find all points on the surface z = x2 + y 2 where the tangent plane is parallel to the plane
x + 2y + 3z = 6.
1b . A bug is standing on the ground at a point P . If it moves towards north from P ,
◦
the temperature decreases at a rate √ of 4◦ C /m. If it moves towards southeast from P, the
temperature increases at a rate of 3 2 C /m. In which direction should the bug move to go to
cooler points as fast as possible? (Choose a coordinate system on the ground with the positive
x-axis pointing east and the positive y-axis pointing north, and express your answer as a unit
vector.)
2a . Suppose that T is a one-to-one transformation from the xy-plane to the uv-plane whose
Jacobian satisfies the condition
∂(u, v) 1
0< ≤ 2
∂(x, y) (x + y 2 + 1)2
for all (x, y). Show that if G is a region in the xy-plane then the area of its image T (G) in the
uv-plane is not more than π.
2b . Let f (x) = 1 − ex + e2x − e3x + · · · . Find the domain and the range of f .
3 . Let D be the region in space bounded on the top by the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 2 and on the
bottom by the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 . Fill in the boxes in parts (a-c) so that the right sides of
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 57
the equalities become iterated integrals expressing the volume V of D in the given coordinates
and orders of integration. No explanation is required.
ˆ ˆ ˆ
a. V = dz dy dx
ˆ ˆ ˆ
b. V = dz dr dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
c. V = dρ dϕ dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
+ dρ dϕ dθ
4 . In each of the following indicate whether the given series converges or diverges, and also
indicate the best way of determining this by choosing exactly one of the tests and filling in the
corresponding blank if any. (You must choose a test to get any points.)
X
∞
1
a. √ converges diverges
n=1
n2 + n
X
nth Term Test Direct Comparison Test with
X
Integral Test Limit Comparison Test with
X
∞
b. 3n sin(π −n ) converges diverges
n=0
58 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
X
nth Term Test Direct Comparison Test with
X
Integral Test Limit Comparison Test with
X
∞
2n
2
c. converges diverges
n=0
n!
X
nth Term Test Direct Comparison Test with
X
Integral Test Limit Comparison Test with
X
∞
d. (−1)n ln n converges diverges
n=2
X
nth Term Test Direct Comparison Test with
X
Integral Test Limit Comparison Test with
X
∞
1
e. √ converges diverges
n=2
n(ln n) 2
X
nth Term Test Direct Comparison Test with
X
Integral Test Limit Comparison Test with
X
∞
5 . Let f (x) = cn xn for all x in the interval of convergence of the power series where c0 = 1
n=0 −(n+1)
1
and cn+1 = cn 1 + for n ≥ 0.
n+1
a . Find c1 , c2 and c3 .
X
∞
b . Find the radius of convergence of the power series cn xn .
n=0
c . Find f ′′ (0).
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 59
X
∞
d . Express the sum of the series n2 cn in terms of A = f (1), B = f ′ (1) and C = f ′′ (1).
n=1
X∞
xn
2
2b . Exactly one of the following statements is true. Choose the true statement and mark the
box in front of it with a 3 .
X∞ X∞
If 2
an converges, then (−1)n+1 an converges.
n=1 n=1
X
∞ X
∞
If a2n converges, then (−1)n+1 a3n converges.
n=1 n=1
Now either
Prove the true statement, or
Give an example that shows the other statement is not true.
Indicate the task you choose with a 7 .
x3 y 2
4a . Show that lim = 0.
(x,y)→(0,0) x6 + y 2
x6 y 4
4b . Show that lim does not exist.
(x,y)→(0,0) (x6 + y 2 )3
5 . Find all possible values of the constants a and b such that the function
2 /y
f (x, y) = y a ebx
60 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
1 . Let P0 (2, 2, 1) and suppose that f (x, y, z) and g(x, y, z) are differentiable functions satisfying
the following conditions:
iii. At P0 , f increases fastest in the direction of the vector A = 4i − j − 8k and its derivative
in this direction is 7.
f (x, y, z) + 2g(x, y, z) = 13
2 . Each of the following functions has a critical point at (0, 0). Indicate the type of this critical
point by marking the corresponding box with a 7 . No explanation is required. No partial
credit will be given.
a . f (x, y) = x3 y 3 has a
local maximum
local minimum
saddle point
none of the above
at (0, 0).
b . f (x, y) = 1 − x2 y 2 has a
local maximum
local minimum
saddle point
none of the above
at (0, 0).
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 61
3 . A flat circular plate has the shape of the region x2 + y 2 ≤ 1. The plate, including the
boundary where x2 + y 2 = 1, is heated so that the temperature at a point (x, y) is
T (x, y) = x2 + 2y 2 − x.
Find the temperatures at the hottest and coldest points on the plate.
x2 + y 2 = 4
R
x
ˆ 1 ˆ 1/x2
xy 2 e−y dy dx
2
b.
0 1
5 . Let D be the region in space lying inside the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4, outside the cone
z 2 = 3(x2 + y 2 ), and above the xy-plane. Fill in the boxes in parts (a-c) so that the right
sides of the equalities become iterated integrals expressing the volume V of D in the given
coordinates and orders of integration. No explanation is required.
62 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
ˆ ˆ ˆ
a. V = dρ dϕ dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
b. V = dz dr dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
+ dz dr dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
c. V = dr dz dθ
x
1a . Write the first three nonzero terms of the Maclaurin series of where a is a constant.
1 + ax2
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 63
1b . Write the first three nonzero terms of the Maclaurin series of sin(bx) where b is a constant.
x
1c . Find the constants a, b, c, d if − sin(bx) = x3 + cx4 + dx5 + · · · on some open
1 + ax2
interval containing x = 0.
∂z
a . Find .
∂x (x,y)=(−2,1)
∂ 2 z
b . Find .
∂y∂x (x,y)=(−2,1)
¨
3 . Evaluate e(y−x)/(y+x) dA where R is the region shown in the figure.
R
y
1 x
˚
dV
4a . Evaluate p where D is the unit ball x2 + y 2 + z 2 ≤ 1.
D x + y + (z − 2)
2 2 2
‰
4b . Evaluate the line integral (6xy + sin(x2 )) dx + (5x2 + sin(y 2 )) dy where C is the
C
boundary of the region R shown in the figure.
x2 + y 2 = 4
R
x
x2 + y 2 = 1
√
5 . Consider the parametrized surface S : r = u2 i + 2 uvj + v 2 k, −∞ < u < ∞ , 0 ≤ v < ∞ .
Find the area of the portion of the surface S that lies inside the unit ball x2 + y 2 + z 2 ≤ 1.
xy 2
1a . Show that lim =0.
(x,y)→(0,0) x6 + y 2
xy
1b . Show that lim does not exist.
(x,y)→(0,0) x + y 2
6
x |y|a
1c . Consider lim where a is a constant.
(x,y)→(0,0) x6 + y 2
There is a real number A such that this limit is 0 if a > A, and this limit does not exist if
a < A. What is A?
Write your answer here A =
2 . Assume that f (x, y, z) is a differentiable function and at the point P0 (1, −1, 2), f increases
fastest in the direction of the vector A = 2i + j − 2k.
Exactly one of the following statements can be true about this function.
• Mark this statement with an 3 and find (∇f )P0 assuming the statement to be true.
• Mark the other statement with an 7 and explain why it cannot be true.
3 . Find the points on the surface xy + yz + zx − x − z 2 = 0 where the tangent plane is parallel
to the xy-plane.
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 65
4 . Find all possible values of the constants C and k such that the function f (x, y) = C(x2 +y 2 )k
satisfies the equation fxx + fyy = f 3 for all (x, y) ̸= (0, 0).
5 . Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f (x, y) = 2x3 +2xy 2 −x−y 2
on the unit disk D = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 ≤ 1}.
2 . Let D be the region in space bounded by the plane y + z = 1 on the top, the parabolic
cylinder y = x2 on the sides, and the xy-plane at the bottom.
• Choose two of the following rectangular boxes by putting a 7 in the small square in
front of them, and then
• choose oneof the orders of integration in each of the selected boxes by putting a 7 in
the small square in front of them.
dx dy dz dy dx dz dz dx dy
dx dz dy dy dz dx dz dy dx
Express the volume V of the region D as iterated integrals in both of your selected orders of
integration (a) and (b). (Do not evaluate the integrals! )
ˆ √
3 ˆ √
3−x2 ˆ √12−x2 −y2
3.
V = √ √
dz dy dx
− 3 − 3−x2 x2 +y 2
expresses the volume V of a region D in space as an iterated integral in Cartesian coordinates.
Fill in the boxes in (a) and (b) so that the right sides of the equalities become iterated
integrals expressing the volume of D in cylindrical and spherical coordinates, respectively. No
explanation is necessary in this question. (Do not evaluate the integrals! )
ˆ ˆ ˆ
a. V = dz dr dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
b. V = dρ dϕ dθ
66 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
ˆ ˆ ˆ
+ dρ dϕ dθ
b . Give an example of a vector field F that has continuous partial derivatives and satisfies
the condition |F| ≤ 5 on D such that
˚
∇ · F dV = 320π,
D
1 . Let T be a transformation from the uv-plane to the xy-plane given by x = f (u, v) and
y = g(u, v) where f and g are functions with continuous partial derivatives. Assume that T
satisfies the condition that
¨
(Area of T (G)) = (u2 + v 2 ) du dv
G
X
∞
(5n)!
c.
n=0
30n (2n)!(3n)!
X
∞
1
b. √
n=1
n + n sin n
X
∞
5n − 2n
c.
n=1
7n − 6n
X
∞
xn
4 . Consider the power series .
n=0
9n2 − 1
5 . In parts (a-b) of this question, if the series converges, write the exact sum of the series
inside the box; and if the series diverges, write Diverges inside the box. No explanation is
required. No partial points will be given.
X
∞
1
a. =
n=0
4n (2n + 1)
X
∞
1
b. =
n=2
n2 − 1
In parts (c-d) of this question, if there exists a sequence {an } satisfying the given conditions,
write its general term inside the box; and if no such sequence exists, write Does Not Exist
inside the box. No explanation is required. No partial points will be given.
an =
X
∞
d . lim nan = 0 and an diverges.
n→∞
n=2
an =
X
∞
1
b.
n=1
1 + (ln n)2
X
∞
c. cos(1/n)
n=1
X
∞
10−n
2 /(n+1)
b.
n=0
X
∞
2
c. (e1/n − 1)
n=1
X
∞
xn
3 . Consider the power series .
n=0
(n2 + 1)(2n + 1)
4 . Find the coefficient of the first nonzero term in the Maclaurin series generated by
x
f (x) = sin x − .
1 + x2 /6
X
∞
(−4)n
5a . Determine whether the sum of the series is positive or negative.
n=0
n!(n + 1)!
X
∞
1
5b . Find the sum of the series .
n=2
2n (n2 − 1)
x4 y 4
1a . Show that lim = 0.
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + y 4
x4 y 4
1b . Show that lim does not exist.
(x,y)→(0,0) (x2 + y 4 )3
2 . A differentiable function f (x, y, z) increases fastest at the point P0 (2, 5, −1) in the direction
of i + 2j − 3k and at a rate of 7.
∂f
a . Find .
∂z P0
b . Find the equation of the tangent plane to the level surface of f passing through the point
P0 .
3a . Show that if f (z) is a differentiable function and u(x, y) = f (x2 − y 2 ), then yux + xuy = 0
for all (x, y).
3b . Show that the parametric curve r(t) = et cos t i + et sin t j , −∞ < t < ∞, cuts every circle
with center at the origin at the same angle, and find this angle.
1 . In each of the following indicate whether the given series converges or diverges, and also
indicate the best way of determining this by marking the corresponding boxes and filling in the
corresponding blanks.
X
∞
1
a. converges diverges
n=1
n1+1/n
X
nth Term Test Direct Comparison Test with
X
Ratio Test Limit Comparison Test with
X
∞
n
b. √ converges diverges
n=2
n5 − 1
X
nth Term Test Direct Comparison Test with
X
Ratio Test Limit Comparison Test with
X
∞
n
d. (−1)n converges diverges
n=2
ln n
X
nth Term Test Direct Comparison Test with
X
Ratio Test Limit Comparison Test with
X∞
e n − 2n
e. converges diverges
n=1
π n − 3n
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 71
X
nth Term Test Direct Comparison Test with
X
Ratio Test Limit Comparison Test with
2 . Find the closest and farthest points on the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4 to the point P (3, 1, −1) .
˚
z2
3a . Evaluate the integral 2 + y 2 + z 2 )3
dV where D = {(x, y, z) : x2 + y 2 ≥ 1} .
D (x
ˆ π ˆ 1 ˆ √4−r2
3b . Express the iterated integral in cylindrical coordinates dz dr dθ in terms of
0 0 0
iterated integrals in spherical coordinates. Do not evaluate.
4a . Find a function
¨ f (x, y) such that, for any region G in the first quadrant of the xy-plane, the
double integral f (x, y) dx dy gives the area of T (G) where T is the transformation u = x2 /y,
G
v = x/y 2 .
ˆ
4b . Evaluate F · dr where F = 3x2 y 2 z i + 2(x3 z + z 2 )y j + (x3 + 2z)y 2 k and
C
C : r = (t3 − 2t) i + (t4 − 4t2 − 1) j + cos(πt) k , 0 ≤ t ≤ 1 .
5 . Let C be the unit circle in the xy-plane, and S be the boundary of the square
K = {(x, y) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 1}. If a is a constant such that
‰
(y 3 + xy 2 + xy) dx + (3xy 2 + x2 y + ax) dy = 1 ,
C
evaluate ‰
(y 3 + xy 2 + xy) dx + (3xy 2 + x2 y + ax) dy .
S
(n!)2 (3n)n
1 . a . Evaluate lim .
n→∞ nn (2n)!
X∞
sin n 1
b . Does the series + converge or diverge? Justify!
n=2
n2 n(ln n)2
4 . a . Find parametrization for the line in which the planes 5x − 2y = 11 and 4y − 5z = −17
intersect.
b . Write ⃗u = j + k as the sum of a vector parallel to ⃗v = i + j and a vector orthogonal to ⃗v .
5 . a . Let ⃗r1 (t) = cos t i + sin t j + t k and ⃗r2 (t) = sin s i + cos s k be two curves. Find the
intersection points of ⃗r1 and ⃗r2 . Moreover, find the angle between the tangent vectors at each
intersection point.
b . Find the point of intersection of the lines x = 2t + 1, y = 3t + 2, z = 4t + 3 and x = s + 2,
y = 2s + 4, z = −4s − 1. Then find the plane determined by these lines.
ˆ 9 ˆ 3
2 . a . Evaluate √
sin(x3 ) dx dy .
0 y
ˆ 2 ˆ √1−(x−1)2
x+y
b . Evaluate dy dx .
0 0 x2 + y 2
3 . Find the shortest distance from the origin to the surface xyz 2 = 2. (Explain why it is the
shortest and not the longest.)
4 . a . Let f (x, y) = x2 y − 2xy + y 2 − 15y . Find and classify the critical points of f .
b . Find the direction of most rapid increase for f at the point (1, 1) and the rate of change
of f in this direction.
5 . a . Let z = f (x, y) be a differentiable function of two independent variables x and y such that
f (2, 1) = 3, fx (2, 1) = 2, fy (2, 1) = −1. Define another function z = g(x, y) of two independent
variables x and y as follows:
2 y xy
g(x, y) = f 2 , e
x + y2 x
Find the equation of the tangent plane to the surface z = g(x, y) at the point (x, y) = (1, 0).
b . Using the tangent plane in part (a) approximate g(1.1, −0.2).
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 73
X∞
(−2)n (n + 1)
2 + 1) ln n
(x − 5)n .
n=2
(3n
2 . Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f (x, y) = yx2 − y 2 + 4 on
the unit disk D = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 ≤ 1}.
over the curve r(t) = (sin t + 2 cos t − 2)i + et −πt j + (t/π − 5)k for t in [0, π]. (Hint: First try
2
4 . Let C be a curve that encloses a region R such that the area of the region R is 10π and the
interior of the region contains the unit disk D = {(x, y) : x2 + y 2 ≤ 1}. Compute the integral
‰
x − 2y 2x + y
2 2
dx + + 3x dy .
C x +y x2 + y 2
(Hint: You might want to use Green’s Theorem to compute this integral, but note the problems
about the point (x, y) = (0, 0). So you have to use Green’s Theorem carefully.)
‰
5 . a . Evaluate F·dr where C is the intersection of z = x2 + y 2 + 1 and z = 2y + 1 oriented
C
clockwise as viewed from above and F =< sin(x2 ), y 3 , z ln z − x > .
b . Let Q be the solid bounded by the paraboloid z = 4 − x2 − y 2 and the xy-plane. Find
the outward flux of the vector field F =< x3 , y 3 , z > over the boundary of Q.
X
∞
(ln n)n
b.
n=2
n
74 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
X
∞ ˆ
n+1
n+1
e−x
c. (−1) dx
n=1 n x
X
∞
(4n)!
b.
n=0
10n n!(3n)!
X
∞
c. π n sin2 (2−n )
n=0
X
∞
1
3 . Consider the series √ √ .
n=2
(n − 1) n + 1 + (n + 1) n − 1
x X n(n + 1)
∞
4a . Find all solutions of the equation = .
4 n=1
xn
X
∞
4b . Show that if 1 > an > 0 for all n ≥ 1 and the series an converges, then the series
n=1
X
∞
an
converges.
n=1
1 − an
X
∞
(n − 1)(n + 1)
5a . Find the sum of the series exactly.
n=0
n!
ˆ 1
dx
5b . Determine whether the improper integral converges or diverges.
0 x − sin x
2 . Find the equations of (a) the tangent plane and (b) the normal line to the surface x2 +
3y 2 − 4z 2 = 5 at the point P (3, 2, −2).
1 . Compute the inward flux of the vector field F = xi + yj + k across the closed surface S
composed of the portion of the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 lying below the plane z = 4, and the
portion of the plane z = 4 lying inside the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 .
2a . Suppose f (x, y) is a function with continuous second order partial derivatives on the entire
2 2
plane, and fxx + fyy = ex +y for all (x, y). Evaluate the line integral
‰
∇f · n ds
C
ˆ 1
4a . Estimate the value of the integral x sin(x3 ) dx with an error of magnitude less than
0
10−3 using series.
4b . Evaluate the limit
ex − e−x − 2x
lim
x→0 x − sin x
using series.
76 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
X
∞
32n+1
5a . Find the exact sum of the series .
n=0
(2n + 1)52n+1
5b . Suppose that g(t) is a differentiable function of t, and h(x, y) = y g(y/x). Find hy (3, 2) if
h(3, 2) = 7 and hx (3, 2) = 4.
X
∞
1
c.
n=1
1 + 2 + ··· + n
X∞
1
d. ln 1 +
n=1
n
X
∞
n5
e.
n=1
3n
X
∞
2n n
f.
n=1
4 n + n2
X∞
(2n)!
g.
n=0
5n (n!)2
X
∞
h. (−1)n+1 arctan n
n=1
1 · 3 · 5 · · · · · (2n − 1)
2 . Let un = for n ≥ 1.
2 · 4 · 6 · · · · · (2n)
1
a . Show that ≤ un for all n ≥ 1.
2n
1
b . Show that un < √ for all n ≥ 1.
n
c . Show that un > un+1 for all n ≥ 1.
X
∞
d . Show that the series un diverges.
n=1
X
∞
e . Show that the series (−1)n+1 un converges.
n=1
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 77
f . Choose the correct statement: (No explanation is required for this part.)
X
∞
The series (−1)n+1 un converges absolutely.
n=1
X
∞
The series (−1)n+1 un converges conditionally.
n=1
1 . For each of the following, write the exact sum of the series in the box if it converges and
write diverges if it diverges. No further explanation is required. No partial credit will be
given.
X
∞
3n
a. (−1)n =
n=0
n!
X
∞
4n π 2n
n
b. (−1) n =
n=0
9 (2n)!
X
∞
n
c. =
n=1
2n (n+ 1)
X
∞
(−1)n
d. =
n=0
3n (2n + 1)
X
∞
xn
2 . Consider the power series (−1)n .
n=0
n2 + 2 n
3 . Assume that f (x, y, z) is a differentiable function and P (2, 1, −1) is a point such that
a . Find (∇f )P .
b . In which direction does f increase fastest at P ? What is the rate change of in this
direction?
b . Assume that g(t) is a twice-differentiable function such that g(1) = 2 and f (t, g(t)) = 3
for all t. Find g ′′ (1).
5 . Find the absolute maximum and the absolute minimum values of f (x, y) = 4x3 + 9y 2 − 18xy
on the square R = {(x, y) : 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 2}.
1 . For each of the following, write the exact sum of the series in the box if it converges and
write diverges if it diverges. No further explanation is required. No partial credit will be
given.
X∞
1
a. n
=
n=0
2
X∞
1
b. n
=
n=1
2 n
X∞
1
c. n
=
n=0
2 n!
X
∞
πn
d. (−1)n(n+1)/2 =
n=0
4n n!
2 . Find the points P0 on the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 such that the tangent plane to the
paraboloid at P0 passes through the points (1, 0, 0) and (0, 2, 0).
spherical coordinates, and (c) evaluate it using any coordinate system you wish.
for every simple closed curve C in the plane and region R it encloses.
1 . Determine whether each of the following series is convergent or divergent. State clearly the
name and the conditions of the test you are using.
X
∞
n X
∞
1
a. √ b.
n=1
2n4 + 1 n=2
n ln n
X
∞
n 2n X∞
2n
c. d.
n=1
3n n=1
n 3n
X
∞
(3n)! X
∞
n
e. n
f. (−1)n+1 √
n=0
7 n!(2n)! n=1
n2 + 1
4 . In each of the following, if there exists a sequence {an } which satisfies the given condition,
then give an example of such a sequence; otherwise write Does Not Exist. No further
explanation is required.
an+1 X∞
a. 0 < < 1 for all n ≥ 1 and an is divergent.
an n=1
X
∞
b . The sequence {an } is convergent and an is divergent.
n=1
X
∞ X
∞
c. an is divergent and (an )2 is convergent.
n=1 n=1
1 X∞
d . < an for all n ≥ 1 and an is convergent.
n n=1
X
∞ X
∞
e. an is convergent and (an )2 is divergent.
n=1 n=1
1 4
2 . Find and classify the critical points of the function f (x, y) = y 2 − x2 y − y .
2
3 . Let x = s2 t , y = st2 and z = f (x, y) where f is a function with continuous second order
partial derivatives satisfying
ˆ 1 ˆ 1
3
4a . Evaluate the iterated integral √
ey dy dx .
0 x
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 81
¨
x
4b . Evaluate the integral p dA where R = {(x, y) : 1 ≤ x2 + y 2 ≤ 4 and − x ≤
R x − y2
2
y ≤ x} .
5a . Find the volume of the region in the first octant bounded by the cylinders z = y 2 and
z = 1 − x2 , and the coordinate planes.
˚
1
5b . Evaluate the integral 2 2
dV where D is the region inside the cylinder
D (x + y + pz 2 )2
x2 + y 2 = 1 and above the hemisphere z = 2 − x2 − y 2 .
X
∞
(−1)n
b.
n=1
n
X
∞
(2n)!
c.
n=0
(n!)2
X
∞
1
d.
n=2
n ln n
X
∞
(−1)n(n+1)/2
e.
n=1
n2
3 . Let V be the volume of the region bounded on the sides by the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 3, at the
top by the plane z = 1 and at the bottom by the plane z = 0. In each of the following, fill
in the boxes so that the right side of the equality becomes the iterated integral for V in the
corresponding coordinate system and the order of integration.
ˆ ˆ ˆ
a. V = dz dy dx
82 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
ˆ ˆ ˆ
b. V = dz dr dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
c. V = dρ dϕ dθ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
+ dρ dϕ dθ
∂(u, v)
4a . Let u = x2 − y 2 and v = 2xy . Compute the Jacobian .
∂(x, y)
¨
4b . Evaluate the integral (x2 + y 2 ) dA where R = {(x, y) : −1 ≤ x2 − y 2 ≤ 1 , xy ≤ 1 , x ≥
R
0 and y ≥ 0} .
x2 + y 2 = 2x
n : The unit normal vector field on S pointing away from the positive z-axis
C : The curve of intersection of the cone z 2 = x2 + y 2 , z ≥ 0 , and the cylinder
x2 + y 2 = 2x , parametrized counterclockwise as seen from a point on
the positive z-axis
F = yz i − xz j
a . Find the area of S.
¨ ‰
b . Choose and evaluate one of the integrals ∇× F · n dσ and F · dr .
S C
c . Use the result of part (b) to find the value of the other integral.
6 . Show that there is a constant c such that every region D in space enclosed by an oriented
surface S with outward unit normal vector field n satisfies the equality
¨
r · n dσ = c V
S
1 . Find all values of the constant p for which the improper integral
ˆ ∞
dx
√3
0 xp x2 + 1
converges.
X∞
3n
b.
n=0
πn
X∞
(−1)n+1
b. √
n=1
n
n
X∞ n 2
n
b.
n=1
n+1
X∞
xn
5a . Determine the interval of convergence of the power series √ and determine the type
n=1
n
of convergence at each point.
X∞
(−1)n
5b . How many terms of √ should be used to estimate its sum with an error less then
n=1
n
0.01?
π
1a . Find the Taylor series generated by f (x) = sin x centered at x = .
4
1b . Show that this series converges to f (x) for all x.
2 . Assume that
xez + y 2 z = sin x + 1
84 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
∂x ∂x
defines x as a differentiable function of y and z and find and at the point (x, y, z) =
∂y ∂z
(0, −1, 1).
1 . Prove that ˆ 1
ln(1 + x) X (−1)n+1
∞
dx =
0 x n=1
n2
and determine how many terms should be used to estimate this sum with an error less than
10−2 .
2 . Find the absolute maximum and the absolute minimum values of the function f (x, y) =
(y − x2 )(y − 2x2 ) on the square R = {(x, y) : |x| ≤ 1 and |y| ≤ 1} .
3 . Find the absolute minimum value of the function f (x, y, z) = x2 + y 2 + z 2 on the surface
1 1 1
+ + = 1 for x, y, z > 0 .
x y z
5 . Let C be the unit circle. Find the value of the constant a such that
‰
(x + ay) dx + (x2 + 3x + y) dy = 0 .
C
1a . Find the equation of the line of intersection of the planes 4x+y+z = 0 and 2x+3y−2z = −5.
1b . Find the distance between the planes x − 2y + z = 3 and x − 2y + z = 4.
2 . Find the point of intersection of the plane passing through the points P1 (0, −2, −6),
P2 (−1, 1, 5) and P3 (2, 3, −6), and the line passing through the points P4 (2, −1, 0) and
P5 (3, −4, 3).
1 . Find and classify the critical points of the function f (x, y) = 3x2 y + y 3 − 108y.
2 . Find the directional derivative of f (x, y, z) = 3x2 yz +2yz 2 at P0 (1, 1, 1) in a direction normal
to the surface x2 − y + z 2 = 1.
sin2 x sin2 y
4a . Determine if the limit lim exists.
(x,y)→(0,0) (x2 + y 2 )2
86 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
4b . Estimate the change in z = ln(x2 +y 2 ) corresponding to the change dx = 0.2 and dy = −0.1
from (x, y) = (3, 4).
5a . Find the values of the constant c for which w = e−2t sin cx cos y satisfies 5wt = wxx + wyy
for all (x, y, t).
√
5b . Find fxx at the point (x, y) = ( 3, 1) if z = f (x, y), x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, and zr =
1, zθ = −2, zrr = 0, zrθ = 0, zθθ = 0, zrrr = 3, zrrθ = −5, zrθθ = 7, zθθθ = −11 at this point.
1a . Find the points P0 (x0 , y0 , z0 ) on the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 9 such that the tangent plane to
the sphere at P0 passes through the points (4, 0, 1) and (0, 0, 9).
1b . Find the cosine of the acute angle between the tangent planes to the paraboloid 2z = x2 +y 2
at the points of intersection of the paraboloid and the line x = t, y = −t, z = t+2, −∞ < t < ∞.
2 . Find the values of the constant k for which the function f (r, θ) = rk cos(5θ) satisfies the
̸ (0, 0) where x = r cos θ and y = r sin θ.
equation fxx + fyy = 0 for all (x, y) =
a. cos(x2 y) dx dy
0 1/π
ˆ ∞ ˆ x
1
b. dy dx
0 0 (1 + x2 + y 2 )2
¨
4 . Evaluate y −1 (ex + e−x )−2 dA where R = {(x, y) : ex ≤ y ≤ 4ex and e−x ≤ y ≤ 4e−x }.
R
5 . Find the values of the constants a and b for which the limit
x−3 sin(ax + x3 ) − 1
lim
x→0 (1 + x2 ) ln(1 + bx2 ) − 2x2
a . Find sn .
b . Find the sum of the series.
3 . Find the radius of convergence R and the interval of convergence I of the power series
X
∞
(x − 3)n
n=0
4n + n3
a . lim
x→0 (1 + x4 )1/2 − 1
X
∞
(−1)n
b.
n=0
22n+3 (n + 2)
P∞ P∞
5 . a . Show that if n=1 an is convergent and an ≥ 0 for all n ≥ 1, then n=1 a2n is also
convergent.
P∞ P∞
b . Give an example of a convergent series n=1 an for which n=1 a2n is divergent.
1 . Let f (x, y) = cyexy + (x + 1)2 cos(πy) where c is a real constant and A = 3i − 4j . Find c if
the directional derivative of f at (0, 1) in the direction of A is 2.
2 . Find and classify the critical points of f (x, y) = x4 + y 4 + 4axy where a is a real constant.
3 . Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f (x, y) = xy − x − y + 3
on the triangular region with vertices at (0, 0), (2, 0) and (0, 4) .
∂ 2 z
4 . Find if z = f (u, v) where u = x2 y and v = x/y , and f is a twice differentiable
∂x∂y (2,1)
function with fu (4, 2) = 4 , fv (4, 2) = −5 , fuu (4, 2) = −1 , fuv (4, 2) = fvu (4, 2) = 3 , and
fvv (4, 2) = 2 .
88 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
1 . Consider
X
∞
(−1)n+1 xn
f (x) =
n=1
4n n2
df
Determine the interval of convergence of the series and find the value of explicitly.
dx x=−1/2
2 . Let ˆ xyz
e−t dt
2
f (x, y, z) =
0
Compute the value of fxx + fyy + fzz at the point (2, 1/2, −1) .
¨
3 . Find y −3 dA where R = {(x, y) : sin x ≤ y ≤ 2 sin x , cos x ≤ y ≤ 2 cos x , 0 ≤ x ≤ π/2} .
R
4 . Let D be the region lying inside the sphere x2 +y 2 +z 2 = 4, outside the sphere x2 +y 2 +z 2 = z ,
and above the xy-plane . Express the triple integral
¨
(x2 + y 2 + z 2 ) dV
D
X
∞
sin n
b.
n=1
en − e−n
3 . Find the sum of each of the following series if it exists. If not, explain why.
π3 π5 π7 π 2n+1
a. π − + − + · · · + (−1)n + ···
3! 5! 7! (2n + 1)!
π3 π5 π7 π 2n+1
b. π − + − + · · · + (−1)n + ···
3 5 7 2n + 1
and for each point of this interval determine if the convergence is absolute or conditional.
3
c . Show that f (2) < e + .
2
d . Show that f (−2) < 0 .
1 . Evaluate each of the following limits if it exists, and explain why if it does not.
xy
a . lim √
(x,y)→(0,0) xy + 1 − 1
x2 y 2
b. lim
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 y 2 + (x − y)2
f (x, y) = x2 y + x2 + y 2 − xy − x .
90 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
3 . Consider the function f (x, yz) = xy 2 + exy − yz and the point P0 (0, 1, 2).
a . Find the direction in which f increases fastest at the point P0 .
df
b . Find a unit vector u which is parallel to the xy-plane and which satisfies .
ds u,P0
5 . Find the volume of the region that lies under the cone z = (x2 + y 2 )1/2 and above the disk
(x − 1)2 + y 2 ≤ 1.
¨
b . Express the double integral f (x, y) dA as an iterated integral in polar coordinates if
R
R = {(x, y) : 0 ≤ y ≤ x2 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1}.
X∞
n!
b.
n=0
2 n2
2 /t
2 . Find nonzero real numbers a and b such that the function f (x, t) = ta ebx satisfies the
∂f ∂ 2f
equation = for all (x, t) with t > 0.
∂t ∂x2
3 . Let D = {(x, y, z) : x2 + y 2 + z 2 ≤ 4 and z ≥ 1}. Express -do not evaluate- the volume of D
as an iterated integral in
a . cylindrical coordinates,
b . spherical coordinates.
5 . Find the area of the piece of the cylinder x2 +z 2 = 1 which lies inside the cylinder x2 +y 2 = 1
and in the first octant.
‰
6a . Use Stokes’s Theorem to evaluate the line integral y dx + z dy + x dz where C is the
C
intersection curve of the plane x + y + z = 0 with the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4 parametrized in
the counterclockwise direction as seen from the positive z-axis.
6b . Use the Divergence Theorem to find the outward flux of the vector field F = xzi + yzj +
(3z − z 2 )j across the boundary of the ball D = {(x, y, z) : x2 + y 2 + z 2 ≤ 4}.
2 . Find the radius of convergence and the interval of convergence of the power series
X
∞
xn
√ .
n=0
n2 + 3
Also determine the type of convergence (absolute or conditional) for each x in the interval of
convergence.
x3 − xy 2
b. lim
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + y 2
w = (x2 + y 2 + z 2 )α
satisfies the equation wxx + wyy + wzz = 0 for all (x, y) ̸= (0, 0) .
1 . Find the directional derivative of the function f (x, y, z) = cos(xy) + eyz + ln(xz) at the point
P0 (1, 0, 1/2) in the direction of A = i + 2j + 2k .
f (x, y) = 6xy − x3 − 3y 2
4 . Let D be the region bounded below by the xy–plane, on the sides by the sphere ρ = 2
and above by the cone ϕ = π/3. Express (Do not evaluate!) the volume of D in terms of
iterated integrals in:
a . spherical coordinates
b . cylindrical coordinates
c . Cartesian coordinates
X∞
3n
b.
n=1
n2 2 n
2 . Find the absolute maximum value of the function f (x, y, z) = x − y + 2z on the ellipsoid
x2 + y 2 + 16z 2 = 16 .
4 . Let D be the region lying in the first octant between the cones z 2 = 3x2 +3y 2 and z 2 = x2 +y 2 ,
and inside the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4 . Let S be the boundary of D . Let n be the outward
pointing unit normal vector field on S .
a . Find the volume of D .
¨
b . Evaluate the integral F · n dσ where
S
4 . Assume that z = f (x, y) is a differentiable function of x and y, and x = g(r, s) and y = h(r, s)
are differentiable functions of r and s. Use the following table
to compute
∂z ∂z
and .
∂r (r,s)=(0,1) ∂s (r,s)=(1,0)
5 . Find ∂x/∂w when (x, y, z, w) = (2, −2, 1, −1) if x and z are defined as functions of y and w
by the equations: (
x3 + y 2 z + xz 2 w − z 4 = 9
x2 z 2 − x5 w + w3 + y 3 = 27
f (x, y) = x3 y + x3 + 4y 2
2 . Find the absolute maximum and the absolute minimum values of the function
f (x, y) = x3 + y 3 + 6xy + 8
on the rectangular region R bounded by the lines y = x+2, y = x−2, x+y = 1 and x+y = −2 .
ˆ 1 ˆ x p
3 . Evaluate the integral 3
(2y − y 2 )2 dy dx .
0 0
4 . Find the volume of the region D whichplies between the spheres x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 9 and
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 2z , and inside the cone z = (x2 + y 2 )/3 .
¨
1 √ 3 2
5 . Evaluate the integral e xy dA where R is the region in the first quadrant bounded
R x
1 1
by the curves y = 8x, y = 27x, y = √ and y = √ .
8 x x
X
∞
nx3n+1
n=1
3 . Find the area of the portion of the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 2x that lies inside the sphere
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4 and in the first octant.
4 . Verify the Stokes’s Theorem for the vector field F = zi + xj + yk and the surface S =
{(x, y, z) : z = 1 − x2 − y 2 and z ≥ 0} with the unit normal vector field n satisfying n · k > 0.
5 . Let f (x, y, z) be a function with continuous second order partial derivatives and assume that
f (x, y, z) ̸= 0 for all (x, y, z). Assume also that |∇f |2 = 4f and ∇ · (f ∇f ) = 10f . Evaluate
¨
∇f · n dσ
S
X∞
(n!)2
c.
n=1
(2n)!
X∞
sin((2n + 1)π/2)
d. √
n=0
n+1
2 . Find all values of x for which the following series is convergent and also determine the type
of convergence:
X ∞ n
1 x+3
√
n=1
n x
3 . Find the first three non-zero terms of the Maclaurin series of f (x) = sin(sin x).
96 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
ˆ 1
4 . a . Find cos x3 dx approximately with an error of magnitude less than 5 × 10−4 .
0
b . Find the sum of the following series as a function of x for |x| < 1:
x2 x3 x4 x5
− + − + ···
2 3·2 4·3 5·4
1 . Find the equation of the line L which passes through the point P0 (1, 0, 2) and intersects the
x−1 y+1
line L1 : = , z = 1 orthogonally.
2 3
d⃗r
2a . Let ⃗r(t) be the position vector of a curve in space and let ⃗v (t) = be the corresponding
dt
1 d(v(t)2 ) d⃗v
velocity vector. Prove that ⃗v (t) · ⃗a(t) = , where ⃗a(t) = is the acceleration vector
2 dt dt
of ⃗r(t) and v is the speed (= magnitude of ⃗v ).
2b . Let A ⃗ and B ⃗ be two fixed vectors making an angle of π radians with each other and
3
|A| = 2, |B| = 3. A particle moves on a space curve C in such a way that its position vector
⃗ ⃗
⃗r(t) and velocity vector ⃗v (t) are related by the equation ⃗v (t) = A ⃗ × ⃗r(t) for all t ∈ R. Moreover
assume that ⃗r(0) = B. ⃗ Show that the speed of the particle is constant and find its value.
2c . Prove that the curvature κ of the curve C in part (b) is constant and calculate its value.
|⃗v (t) × ⃗a(t)|
Hint: κ = .
|⃗v (t)|3
3a . Find the set of all points on the surface (y + z)2 + (z − x)2 = 16 where the normal line is
parallel to the yz-plane. Describe this set.
3b . Find the extremum points of the function f (x, y) = x3 + 3xy + y 3 .
5 . Find the points on the curve 5x2 + 6xy + 5y 2 = 9 which are nearest to and farthest from the
origin.
1a . Find the set of all real numbers x for which the following series is convergent:
X∞
2nx
n=0
n2 + 1
X
∞
xn
1b . Find the sum of the series as a function of x.
n=0
5n (n + 1)
3
3 . Let F = (2xy 2 z + xy 3 )i + (2x2 yz + x2 y 2 )j + (x2 y 2 + 3z 2 )k. Evaluate
2
ˆ (−1,−1,1)
F · dr .
(1,1,−1)
4 . Let f (x, y) and g(x, y) have continuous first order partial derivatives. Let
∂f ∂f ∂g ∂g
F = g(x, y)i + f (x, y)j and G = − i+ − j.
∂x ∂y ∂x ∂y
It is known that for the points (x, y) on the circle x2 + y 2 = 1, we have f (x, y) = 1, g(x, y) = y.
Let R be the region in the plane defined by x2 + y 2 ≤ 1. Find
¨
F · G dx dy .
R
5 . Verify the Divergence Theorem for the vector field F = (z 2 + 2)k and the surface S which
consists of the upper half of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2 together with its base, the disk of
radius a centered at the origin in the xy-plane.
98 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
X
∞
2 n xn
1 . Find all values of x for which converges and determine whether the
n=1
n(3x + 1)n
convergence is absolute or conditional.
2 . a . Use the Taylor series of tan−1 x at x = 0 to find the first four nonzero terms of the Taylor
series of tan−1 (ax + bx3 ) at x = 0 where a and b are nonzero constants.
b . Find a and b for which the limit
tan−1 (ax + bx3 ) − x
lim
x→0 x5
is finite and find the value of this limit. (Do not use L’Hôpital’s Rule.)
3 . Let A and B be vectors in space. Show that if |a + xB| ≥ |A| for all real numbers x, then
A and B are orthogonal.
5 . Find the linear approximation to f (x, y) = xy 2 + x3 y at (1, 2) and find an upper bound for
the magnitude of the error over the rectangle R = {(x, y) : |x − 1| ≤ 1/2, |y − 2| ≤ 1}.
f (x, y) = x3 − 3xy + y 3 .
ˆ 0 ˆ 2y+3
x+y
4 . Evaluate ex−2y dx dy.
−1 −y (x − 2y) 2
p
5 . Sketch the region which lies above the surface z = 2 x2 + y 2 and inside the surface
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4z, and express its volume as a triple integral in (a) Cartesian, (b) cylindrical,
(c) spherical coordinates. (Do not evaluate.)
1 . Find the first five nonzero terms of the Taylor series of f (x) = esin x centered at x = 0 .
3 . Let a be a positive constant. Find the area of the portion of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2
lying inside the cylinder x2 + y 2 = ay .
b . Find a vector field whose curl is 2xi + 3yj + 5zk or show that there is no such vector
field.
100 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
X
n
1
2 . Let − ln n for n ≥ 1.
k=1
k
X
∞
(2n)!
3 . Consider the power series f (x) = xn .
n=0
(n!)2
1
= 1 + t2 + t4 + · · · + t2n + r(t, n)
1 − t2
where n is a positive integer.
a . Find r(t, n).
X
2n+1
−1
b . Integrate the identity above to obtain tanh x= ak xk + R(x, n) for |x| < 1 and find
k=0
ak for 0 ≤ k ≤ 2n + 1.
c . Show that lim R(x, n) = 0 when |x| < 1.
n→∞
X∞
1
b.
n=1
2ln n
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 101
∞
X n
1
c. 1− 2
n=1
n
X
∞
d. n2 e−n
n=1
1 . Find the area of the region that lies inside the circle r = 1 and outside the cardioid
r = 1 − cos θ.
2 . Find the parametric equations for the line that is tangent to the curve of intersection of the
surfaces x3 + 3x2 y 2 + y 3 + 4xy − z 2 = 0 and x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 11 at the point (1, 1, 3).
3 . Find all maxima, minima and saddle points of the function f (x, y) = x3 + y 3 + 3x2 − 3y 2 − 8
in the entire plane.
4 . Find the absolute minimum and maximum values of the function f (x, y) = 4x − 8xy + 2y + 1
on the triangular region bounded by the lines x = 0, y = 0 and x + y = 1 in the first quadrant.
4 . Let D be the region bounded by the surfaces z = x2 + y 2 + 1 and z 2 = 4x2 + 4y 2 . Find the
volume of D.
5 . Let C be the curve which traces the graph of y 2 = (1 − x2 )(1 + x2 )(1 +‰ x4 )(1 + x6 ) once
x−y x+y
counterclockwise. Let F(x, y) = 2 2
i+ 2 j . Evaluate the integral F · dr.
x +y x + y2 C
6 . Suppose f (x, y) is a function on R = {(x, y) : (x, y) ̸= (0, 0)} which has continuous second
order partial derivatives and satisfies the equations
∂ 2f ∂ 2f ∂f
2
+ 2
= 0 and =0
∂x ∂y ∂r
throughout R, where x = r cos θ and y = r sin θ.
∂ 2f
a . Find .
∂θ2
b . Find f (0, 1) if f (1, 0) = 5.
X
∞
1 1
1a . Explain whether (sin − sin ) converges or diverges.
n=1
2n 2n + 1
X
∞
1b . Find the interval of convergence of n tan(1/n)xn .
n=1
3a . Find the area of the region between the circles r = 1 and r = 2 cos θ.
3b . Plot the graph of r = eθ for 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π, and calculate its length.
ˆ 0.1
sin x
4 . Evaluate dx within an error of magnitude less than 10−11 .
0 x
5 . Evaluate √
1 − x + x4 + ln(1 + x − x2 ) − cos( 3x)
lim √ .
x→0 x5/2 sin x
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 103
4a . Find the extremal values of f (x, y, z) = x − 2y + 2z among the points (x, y, z) with
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 9.
4b . Find the area of the triangle with vertices located at the points (a, 0, 0), (0, b, 0) and
(0, 0, c).
‰
2 2 2
5 . Let F = (xi + yj)/r where r = x + y . Calculate F · dr when
C
4 . a . [missing]
b . Approximate the value of the following integral with error less than 0.0001:
ˆ 0.3
cos x2 dx
0
x−y
2a . Find lim arctan or show that it does not exist.
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + y 2
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 105
∂w
2b . Suppose w = x3 − x2 y 5 + 3z + 2t and x + 5z + 3t = 10 find all possible values of .
∂x
6 . Find the absolute extreme values of f (x, y) = x4 + y 4 − 4xy in the region bounded by the
lines x = 2, y = −2 and y = x.
if C is traversed in a direction that is counterclockwise when viewed from high above the
xy-plane.
X∞
(n!)3 n
2a . Find the radius of convergence of x .
n=0
(3n)!
3 . Consider ‰
y3 xy 2
− 2 dx + dy .
C (x + y 2 )2 (x2 + y 2 )2
a . Evaluate the above line integral when C is the circle x2 + y 2 = a2 traversed in the
counterclockwise direction.
b . Let C be an arbitrary smooth simple closed curve in the plane that does not pass through
the origin. Show that above line integral has two possible values depending on whether the
origin lies inside or outside C.
4 . Find the volume of the parallelepiped bounded by the six planes x+y +2z = ±3, x−2y +z =
±2 and 4x + y + z = ±6.
6a . Let f be a function of x and y. Express (fx )2 + (fy )2 in polar coordinates (in terms of the
partial derivatives with respect to the polar variables).
6b . Show that if w = f (u, v) satisfies the Laplace equation fuu + fvv = 0, and if u = (x2 − y 2 )/2
and v = xy, then w satisfies the Laplace equation wuu + wvv = 0.
1 . Each of the following series is the value of the Maclaurin series of a function at a point.
What function and what point? What is the sum of the series?
π2 π4 π 2n
a. 1 − + − · · · + (−1)n 2n + ···
9 · 2! 81 · 4! 3 (2n)!
2 4 8 2n
b. − + − · · · + (−1)n−1 n + · · ·
3 18 81 3 n
2 . Use series to find the values of a and b for which the limit
x − sin(ax + bx3 )
lim
x→0 x5
exists and compute that limit.
1 1 · 4 · 7 · · · · · (3n − 2) 3n
y = 1 + x3 + · · · + x + ··· .
6 (3n)!
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 107
b . Show that the function defined by the series satisfies a differential equation of the form
d2 y
= xa y + b
dx2
and find the values of the constants a and b.
4 . Determine for each of the following series whether it converges or diverges. Give reasons for
your answers.
X
∞
1
a. √
n=0
n3 + 2
X
∞
b. n2 e−n sin n
n=0
5 . a . Using vectors in the plane, find the angle between the tangent to the curve y = f1 (x) at
x = x1 and the tangent to the curve y = f2 (x) at x = x2 .
b . Write B = −i + 3j + 4k as the sum of a vector parallel to A = 2i − 3j + k and a vector
orthogonal to it.
6 . a . Find the area of the region which lies inside the curve r = 2b sin θ and outside the curve
r = a where 2b > a.
b . Find the length of the piece of the curve r = 2b sin θ lying outside the curve r = a.
1 . a . Find the equation of the line normal to the surface z = x2 + 3y 2 at the point (1, −1, 4).
Find the coordinates of all intersection points of this line with the surface.
b . Find the parametric equation for the tangent line to the curve of intersection of the
surfaces z = x2 + 3y 2 and z = 6 − x2 − y 2 at the point (1, −1, 4).
−1
2 . a . Show that the curvature is given by κ = for a curve on the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = R2 .
r·N
b . Show that a curve in space with zero curvature at all points is a straight line.
3 . Let 2
xy if (x, y) ̸= (0, 0) ,
f (x, y) = x4 + y 2
0 if (x, y) = (0, 0) .
a . Is f continuous at (0, 0)? Prove your statement.
1 1
b . Show that − ≤ f (x, y) ≤ for all (x, y).
2 2
108 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
4 . Use Lagrange multipliers to find the absolute maximum of f (x, y, z) = x3 + 12yz on the
sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 25.
b . Find the absolute maximum and minimum of f on the line segment {(x, y) : x = t, y =
t + 1, −1 ≤ t ≤ 1}.
6 . Let u(x, y) and v(x, y) be two functions with continuous second partial derivatives which
∂u ∂v ∂u ∂v
satisfy the differential equations = and =− .
∂x ∂y ∂y ∂x
∂ 2u ∂ 2u ∂ 2v ∂ 2v
a . Show that + = 0 and + = 0.
∂x2 ∂y 2 ∂x2 ∂y 2
b . Show that all critical points of u are saddle points. You may assume that at a critical
point at least one of the second partial derivatives is not zero.
X
∞
1 . a . Find the absolute minimum of the function defined by the series n2 xn on the interval
n=0
(−1, 0].
X
∞
n!xn
b . Find the radius of convergence of the series .
n=1
nn
2 . Let r and θ be the polar coordinates in the plane. Suppose f (x, y) has continuous second
partial derivatives. Express fxx + fyy in terms of r and θ, and partial derivatives of f with
respect to r and θ.
√
3 . Let R be the region bounded by the curves xy = 1, xy = 4, y = 3x2 and y = x2 in the
first quadrant. Evaluate
¨
x2 y
4 2
dA
R x +y
by using a coordinate transformation which maps R onto a rectangular region in the new
coordinate plane.
4 . a . Let S be the boundary of the region bounded by the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1 on the top
and by the cone z 2 = x2 + y 2 on the sides. Let n be the outward normal field of S. Evaluate
¨
F · n dσ for F = x3 i + y 3 j + z 3 k.
S
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 109
b . Let C be the circle in the plane 2x + 2y + z = 2 with center (0, 0, 2) and radius 3 in the
counterclockwise direction as viewed from the origin. Evaluate
‰
2y dx + 3x dy − x dz .
C
5 . a . Find the area of the surface cut from the bottom of the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 by the
plane z = 3/4.
ˆ aˆ b
b . Evaluate ef (x,y) dy dx where a and b are positive numbers and
0 0
(
b2 x 2 if b2 x2 ≥ a2 y 2 ,
f (x, y) =
a2 y 2 if b2 x2 < a2 y 2
6 . a . Assume that ∇ · F > 0 for all (x, y) where F = M (x, y)i + N (x, y)j is a vector field in
the plane whose components have continuous partial derivatives. Show that there is no smooth
simple closed curve in the plane whose tangent vector is parallel to F at all its points.
‰
b . Evaluate F · dr where
C
−y x
curl F = i+ 2 j
4x2 + 9y 2 4x + 9y 2
3 . Describe the points P (ρ, ϕ, θ) whose coordinates satisfy θ = 3π/2, ρ = 3 cos ϕ, and sketch.
4 . Find the distance from the point(2, 0, 3) to the plane which is tangent to the surface 4x2 −
y 2 + 4z 2 = 4 at the point (1, 2, 1).
110 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
6 . A space curve is given by the parametrization r(t) = (e2t , t, t2 ). Find the equation of the
osculating plane at the point corresponding to t = 1.
1 . Find the points on the paraboloid z = 4x2 + 9y 2 at which the normal line is parallel to the
line through P (−2, 4, 3) and Q(5, −1, 2).
X∞
n1/2
b.
n=5
(ln n)3
X
∞
1
c.
n=3
n ln n3
X
∞
n2 + 1
d. ln
n=1
n2
3 . Find the dimensions of the rectangular box of maximum volume that has three of its faces
in the coordinate planes, one vertex at the origin and another vertex in the first octant on the
plane 2x + 3y + 5z = 90.
4 . Find the minimum, maximum and the saddle points of the function f (x, y) = 2x4 + xy + y 2 .
5 . Find the volume of the region bounded by the plane z = 0, the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 4 and the
cylinder 2z = 4 − y 2 .
2 . a . Find the first three non-vanishing terms in the Taylor series for the function f (x) =
sin−1 x.
b . Find the radius of convergence of the above series.
1 1
3 . Let sn = 1 + + · · · + . Show that lim (sn − ln n) exists.
2 n n→∞
4 . Find the volume of the tetrahedron with vertices at (2, 1, 1), (1, −1, 2), (0, 1, −1) and
(1, −2, 1).
5 . [missing]
6 . Find the distance between the point P (0, 1, 1) and the line x = 1 + 2t, y = −1 − t, z = 3t.
1 . Prove that the radius of curvature of a curve parameterized by its arc length is given by
ρ = (ẍ2 + ÿ 2 + z̈ 2 )−1/2 where dot denotes derivative with respect to the arc length.
⃗v1 = (1, 0, 0, . . . , 0, 0, 1)
⃗v2 = (0, 1, 0, . . . , 0, 1, 0)
..
.
⃗v50 = (0, 0, . . . , 1, 1, . . . , 0, 0)
⃗v51 = (1, 0, 0, . . . , 0, 0, −1)
⃗v52 = (0, 1, 0, . . . , 0, −1, 0)
..
.
⃗v100 = (0, 0, . . . , 1, −1, . . . , 0, 0)
3 . Find the equation of the locus of the center of the circle of curvature of the curve y = x2 .
5 . Find the curvature of the cycloid x = a(t − sin t), y = (1 − cos t), t ≥ 0, at the highest point
of the arc.
2 . Find the curvature, the torsion and the normal vector for the space curve
6 . Evaluate ‰ y
y3 2
− ex dx + + ey dy
C x x
where C is the boundary of the region bounded by the curves y = x2 , y = 2x2 , y = 1/x,
y = 3/x, traced counterclockwise.
2 . Find the unit tangent, a unit principal normal and a unit binormal vector along the curve
3 . Find the intersection of the xy-plane with the tangent line to the curve
⃗r(t) = (1 + t)i − t2 j + (1 + t3 )k
Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022 113
at t = 1.
dw
4 . Find if w = f (x, y, z) and x = t, y = g(t), z = h(t, g(t)).
dt
5 . Let R be the distance from a fixed point A(a, b, c) to any point P (x, y, z). Show that
−→
AP
∇R =
⃗ .
R
6 . Let f (x, y) = ϕ(x − cy) + ψ(x + cy) where c is a constant. Show that
c2 fxx = fyy .
1 . Let c > 0 be a constant. Find the set of all x for which the following power series converges.
Check also the endpoints.
X∞
cn x2n
n=0
∂ 2z
3 . Let z = f (u, v) where f is of classC 2 , u = x2 + y, v = x − 2y 2 . Find in terms of the
∂y∂x
partial derivatives of z with respect to u and v.
f (x, y) = 3x2 y − 9y 3 − x2 .
6 . Find the shortest distance from the origin to the surface xyz 2 = 2 by using the method of
Lagrange multipliers.
114 Bilkent Calculus II Exams 1988-2022
1 . Suppose 3 < an < 4 for all n and lim an = 4. Find the interval of convergence of the power
n→∞
series
X∞
xn
.
n=1
a 1 a 2 · · · an
2 . Let a > 0, b > 0 be constants. Find the open interval I of convergence of the power series
X∞
a
+ bn xn .
n=1
n
For x ∈ I, let f (x) be the sum of the series. Find a closed form for the function f (x).
3 . Let U and V be vector spaces over R with zero elements 0U and 0V , respectively. Let
T : U → V be a linear mapping, i.e. ∀u1 , u2 ∈ U, ∀c ∈ R, T (cu1 ) = cT (u1 ) and T (u1 + u2 ) =
T (u1 ) + T (u2 ). We define
ker(T ) = {u ∈ U : T (u) = 0V } .
4 . Let L be a line and P1 a point in R3 . Show that the distance between P1 and L is
−−→
||⃗u × P0 P1 ||
d(P1 , L) =
||⃗v ||
where ⃗u is any vector parallel to L and P) is any point on L.
x−2 y
5 . Given the line L : = , z = 2 and the point P0 (1, 2 − 1) find the equation of the
1 −2
plane Π which contains the line L and the point P0 .
6 . Given the plane curve R(t) = et cos ti + et sin tj , show that the angle between R(t) and the
acceleration vector a(t) is constant. Find the angle.