QUARTER 3 LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
WEEK 1 DAY 1
 Let’s debunk some common
reproduction myths and facts.
Tell whether the statement is a
FACT or a MYTH.
1. Hormones such as Testosterone, helps the
germ cells divide and change several times and
gradually turn into spermatids or young sperm
cells.
2. Testosterone is the male hormone, so it’s only
for male.
3. Estrogen is the only hormone I need to worry
about menopause.
4. Without estrogen, females are at risk for weak
bones later in life
5. Progesterone is less important than estrogen
which is the “Queen” hormone.
 Reproduction
What does reproduction mean?

Plants reproduce to make Animals reproduce to make

new plants. baby animals.
Reproduction is
the process by
which new
species/
organism is
produced.
 Reproduction
Our Amazing Bodies
You have probably been aware of these differences since you were very young. As children
grow into adults, their bodies change. Adult female and male bodies are still different.
 Reproduction
Our Amazing Bodies
There are other similarities and differences between the male and female bodies
that you can’t see because they are inside us.
Some things inside are the same in males But some things inside are quite
and females. different.

penis and testicles

lungs

heart
uterus and ovaries
Both males and females have reproductive organs called GENITALS or GENITALIA designed for the
purpose of intercourse and conception.
 REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Functions:
ž Production of gametes (sex cells)
— Egg cell or ovum in female
— Sperm cells in males
— Copulation – process of mating
— Fertilization – union of egg cell and sperm cell forming zygote

Egg/ovum
sperm

The female body makes and stores eggs in the

The male body makes and stores sperm ovaries, which are joined to the uterus by the
in the testicles. fallopian tubes.
Reproduction
Continuing the Human Species
So, the male and female
bodies are different because
they have different jobs to do
when it comes to human
reproduction. If humans
didn’t reproduce, the species
would die out and there
would be no more humans.
 MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Functions:
q Secretion of the male sex hormones
q Production of sperm cells
q Transfer of sperm cells to female
Male Anatomy Click on a button for more information

Click here when completely finished

 Scrotum
■ A sac-like pouch located
behind the penis that holds
each testes and helps regulate
temperature for sperm
production.
■ It protects the sperms by
keeping the temperature of 2-
3o C lower than the normal
body temperature in order for
the sperm to survive.
■ If the temperature goes up to
40oC the sperms will start to
die and at 420C all sperm will
be dead
Seminiferous Tubules
● Seminiferous tubules
contain
○ Sperm forming cells
○ Sertoli cells (supporting cells)
● Interstitial cells in between
tubules secrete
testosterone

Click here
Testicles or Testes (Testis)-MALE GONAD
● The two testes are small organs that lie
in the scrotum and produce sperm and
the male hormone testosterone.
● The testes are the male sex gland.
● They are outside the body because the
male sperm that is manufactured in the
testes need cooler-than-body
temperatures for normal growth and
development.
● They are the counterpart of the female
ovary.
● Loss of one does not impair the function
of the other.
● Four to five billion sperm cells are
produced each month.
Sperm Morphology
● Adapted for reaching and
fertilizing the egg
● Head contains DNA and the
acrosome with enzymes for
penetrating the egg
● Midpiece contains
mitochondria to form ATP
for energy
● Tail is flagellum used for
locomotion
Sperms
● The reproductive cells produced by the male's testes which can
fertilize the female's ovum.
● They are tiny, living cells 100 times smaller than a pencil dot. (the
smallest cell in a mans body
● Enough sperm would fit on the head
of a pin to re-populate the earth if
each sperm fertilized an egg.
● It is destroyed by warm body
temperature, acidic environment.
● It can survive in a women’s body for
5-8 days.
● Any sperm not ejaculated are passed
in the urine.
Click here
Epididymis
● It is the structure that forms a mass
over the back and upper part of each
testis.
● It is a tube about 20 feet long, which is
tightly coiled and bunched into a
length of just 2 inches
● Its function is to store the sperms for
two to four days after they have been
produced.
● Sperm are stored there for as long as
six weeks while they ripen to maturity.

Click here
Vas Deferens
● two long, thin tubes
that serve as a
passageway that
receives sperms from
the epididymis of each
testicles
● The contraction of the
vas deferens along
with the action of the
cilia helps transport
the sperm through the
vas deferens.
Click here
Ejaculatory Duct
● Tube that connects the vas
deferens with the duct of the
seminal vesicle. They pass
through the prostate gland
and open into the urethra.
● These tubes are lined with the
muscles that contract to force
the semen out of the body
during ejaculation.
EJACULATION
● It is the process of releasing of semen by males.
● At the moment of ejaculation the walls of the
epididymis contract (squeeze) to create peristaltic
waves that push sperm into the vas deferens. Nerves
also stimulate the seminal vesicles and the prostate to
contract which forces semen (the mixture of sperm and
secretions) into the urethra.

Click here
Urethra
● A dual purpose tube that both
semen and urine pass through to
leave the body. Semen and urine
never mix.
● Special muscles or sphincters
surround the urethra.
● During urination, one sphincter will
relax so that the pressure from the
bladder will push urine out from the
body.
● During ejaculation, another
sphincter will relax so that semen
can flow through the urethra to the
outside of the body.

Click here
Cowpers Gland/Bulbourethral Gland
● The bulbourethral glands or
Cowper's glands are two small
pea-sized exocrine glands
located beneath the prostate
gland on both sides of the
base of the penis
● Produces the first fluid that
leaves the urethra in order to
neutralize the acid left from
the urine.

Click here
 Seminal Vesicles
■ The seminal vesicles are sac-like pouches that attach to the vas deferens near the base
of the bladder. The seminal vesicles make a sugar-rich fluid (fructose) that provides
sperm with a source of energy and helps with the sperms' ability to move (motility

SEMEN is a combination of fluid that is produced in the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper's gland.
This fluid nourishes and helps sperm move through the urethra.

Click here
 Prostate Gland
ž surround the urethra beneath the bladder. An exocrine gland that secretes an alkaline
fluid that neutralizes the acid found in the male urethra and the female reproductive
tract.
ž Without the action of the secretions of the prostate gland, many sperm would die and
fertilization of an ovum would be impossible.

Click here
Penis ● The male organ for copulation,
reproduction, and urination.
● The reproductive purpose of the
penis is to deposit semen in the
vagina during sexual intercourse.
● The head of the penis or glans
contains many nerve endings. At
birth the glans is covered by a
loosely fitting skin called the
foreskin or prepuce.
● When the penis is erect it is 5-7
inches long An erection occurs
when the sponge-like chambers in
the penis fill with blood.

Click here
MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
Q3 WEEK1
LEARNING TASK 1

ANSWER
 Q3 WEEK 1 LEARNING TASK 1. Copy and complete the table with the specific functions of each part of the Male
Reproductive System then answer the guide questions.

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

EXTERNAL PARTS FUNCTIONS
• PENIS Transfers the sperms to the female during copulation and for urination
• SCROTUM Holds each testis and helps regulate low temperature for sperm production.
INTERNAL PARTS
• TESTIS The male gonad produces sperm and male hormone testosterone.
• EPIDIDYMIS Store the sperms for two to four days after they have been produced.

• VAS DEFERENS Serve as a passageway that receives sperms from the epididymis of each testicles

• EJACULATORY DUCT
• URETHRA
GLANDS
• SEMINAL VESICLES
• PROSTATE GLAND
• COWPER’S GLAND
Tube that connects the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle. And
urethra
The common passage way for urine and semen
provides sperm with a source of energy and helps with the sperms' ability to move
secretes an alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acid found in the male urethra and the female
reproductive tract.
Produces the first fluid that leaves the urethra in order to neutralize the acid left from the
urine
45

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. What is reproduction?
Reproduction is the process by which
a new species/organism is produced.
46

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
2. What is the importance of the reproductive
system?
Reproduction is essential for the continuation of a
species. It ensures the continuation of similar
kind of individuals, generation after generation.
47

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
3. What is the difference between male and
female reproductive system?
The functional and most significant difference between the
male and female reproductive systems is that the male
reproductive system only produces sperm and delivers it to the
female reproductive system. On the other hand, the female
reproductive system is designed to produce a baby and
promote its development.
48

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
4. Explain what happens in the body of a
male and female during puberty?
During puberty, male and female secondary sexual
characteristics develop because of hormonal changes, as well
as physical changes such as breast development in females
(thelarche), pubic hair development (pubarche), genital
changes in males, voice changes, an increase in height, and
the onset of menstruation (menarche).
QUARTER 3 LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

MALE REPRODUCTIVE
HORMONES
WEEK 1 DAY 2
 Match the parts of the male
reproductive system with its
function.
 MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
PARTS FUNCTIONS

1. PENIS A. Holds each testis and helps regulate low temperature for
sperm production.
2. SCROTUM B. Serve as a passageway that receives sperms from the
epididymis of each testicles
3. TESTIS C. The common passage way for urine and semen
4. EPIDIDYMIS D. provides sperm with a source of energy and helps with the
sperms' ability to move
5. VAS DEFERENS E. The male gonad produces sperm and male hormone
6. EJACULATORY testosterone.
F. Store the sperms for two to four days after they have been
DUCT produced
G. secretes an alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acid found in the
7. URETHRA male urethra and the female reproductive tract.
8. SEMINAL VESICLES H. Produces the first fluid that leaves the urethra in order to
neutralize the acid left from the urine
9. PROSTATE GLAND I. Tube that connects the vas deferens with the duct of the
10. COWPER’S GLAND seminal vesicle.
J. Transfers the sperms to the female during copulation and for
urination
The entire male reproductive system is dependent
on hormones.

Hormones are your body's chemical messengers.

They travel in your bloodstream to tissues or
organs. They work slowly, over time, and affect
many different processes, including Growth and
development. Metabolism - how your body gets
energy from the foods you eat. And all the changes
in our body during puberty and reproduction.
The ENDOCRINE SYSTEM is a complex network of
glands and organs. It uses hormones to control and
coordinate your body's metabolism, energy level,
reproduction, growth and development, and response to
injury, stress, and mood.
 Hormonal Control of Male Physiology
Hypothalamus
• Hypothalamus secretes
GnRh gonadotropin releasing hormone
(GnRH)
Anterior Pituitary Gland • Anterior pituitary secretes FSH and
LH
Follicle Stimulating Luteinizing
• FSH causes Sertoli cells to secrete
Hormone Hormone
ABP and inhibin
Sertoli Cells Interstitial Cells • LH causes interstitial cells to secrete
testosterone
Androgen binding Protein • ABP and testosterone stimulate
Testosterone
and Inhibin spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis
Click here when completely finished
HYPOTHALAMUS
● The hypothalamus is an
endocrine gland located in
the area of the brain that
produces hormones that
control: Body temperature.
Heart rate. Hunger. Mood.
● It secretes Gonadotropin
Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

Click here
 Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
● The gonadotrophin-releasing hormone is
released from the hypothalamus in the brain.
● GnRH causes the pituitary gland in the brain
to make and secrete luteinizing hormone
(LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Click here
Anterior Pituitary Gland
● The anterior pituitary is the
front lobe of your pituitary
gland, which is a small, pea-
sized gland located at the
base of your brain below your
hypothalamus that secretes
follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH), and luteinizing
hormones (LH).

Click here
FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE
● Follicle stimulating hormone
(FSH) is a hormone released by
the anterior pituitary gland in the
brain.
● In men, FSH causes Sertoli cells to
secrete Androgen Binding Protein
(ABP) and inhibin
● FSH stimulates testicular growth
and helps produce a protein that
plays a vital role in male fertility
by aiding in the creation of normal
sperm cells and maintaining them
until they are ready to be
released.
Click here
Sertoli Cells
● Sertoli cells synthesize and
secrete Androgen Binding Protein
(ABP) and inhibin

Click here
Androgen Binding Protein and Inhibin
● Androgen Binding Protein (ABP) binds testosterone and helps
maintain a high concentration of testosterone within the testes which
is is essential for spermatogenesis to occur.
● Inhibin inhibits the synthesis and release of the follicle-stimulating
hormone in the pituitary gland and reduces the hypothalamic
Luteinizing-releasing hormone content through Negative Feedback
Mechanism

Click here
Luteinizing Hormone
● In men, LH causes the interstitial cells in the
testicles to make testosterone, which is important
for producing sperm

Click here
Interstitial Cells/Leydig Cells
● These interstitial cells help in the formation of
sperm, or spermatogenesis, by producing
testosterone.

Click here
Testosterone
● Testosterone is the primary male hormone responsible for
regulating sex differentiation, producing male sex
characteristics, spermatogenesis
● Low testosterone levels can lead to, decreased sex drive,
less energy, weight gain, depression, moodiness, low self-
esteem, less body hair, and thinner bones
● Excess testosterone can lead to more aggressive and
irritable behavior, more acne and oily skin, even worse
sleep apnea (sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly
stops and starts), and an increase in muscle mass.

Click here
Spermatogenesis
● Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm cell
development. Rounded immature sperm cells
undergo successive mitotic and meiotic divisions
(spermatocytogenesis) and a metamorphic
change (spermiogenesis) to produce spermatozoa
or sperm,

Click here
MALE REPRODUCTIVE
HORMONES
Q3 WEEK1
LEARNING TASK 2

Answer
 MALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES

HORMONES GLAND ROLES

• Gonadotropin- Hypothalamus GnRH causes the pituitary gland in the brain to make
Releasing and secrete luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-
Hormone stimulating hormone (FSH)
(GnRH)

• Follicle Anterior Pituitary FSH stimulates testicular growth and helps produce a
Stimulating Gland protein that plays a vital role in male fertility by aiding
Hormone (FSH) in the creation of normal sperm cells

• Luteinizing Anterior Pituitary LH causes the interstitial cells in the testicles to make
Hormone (LH) Gland testosterone, which is important for producing sperm

• Inhibin Testes Inhibin inhibits the synthesis and release of the FSH
in the pituitary gland and reduces LH

• Testosterone Testes Testosterone is the primary male hormone

responsible for regulating sex differentiation,
producing male sex characteristics, spermatogenesis
QUARTER 3 LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
WEEK 1 DAY 3
 Identify the parts of the male
reproductive system then give its
function.
 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Functions:
q Secretion of the female sex hormones
q Production of female gametes called ovum or
egg cell
q Providing a site for fertilization
q Gestating a fetus if fertilization occurs
q Giving birth to a baby
q Lactating or breastfeeding a baby after birth
 Female Anatomy Click on a button for more information
uterus

fallopian tube

fimbriae fimbriae
ovary ovary
cervix

vagina
Click here when completely finished
Ovary (Ovaries)
● Two solid egg-shaped structures
● They are attached to the uterus by
ligaments. They are the
counterpart of the male testicles.
● Ovaries have two main functions:
○ store and release the ova or female egg
cells. Some of the ova disappear; others
are dormant until each is ripened and
released after puberty.
○ produce female sex hormones ESTROGEN
and PROGESTERONE
Ovum/Ova/Egg Cell
● The female reproductive
cell.
● They are the largest cells in
the female body. (about the size
of a grain of sand.)
● The female baby is born with
all the ova she will ever have
(about 200,000 in each ovary).
● About 400-500 ova mature
and are released over a
lifetime
Click here
FIMBRIA/FIMBRIAE
● Finger-like projections on the
ends of the fallopian tubes
closest to the ovaries.
● Each month the fimbriae catch
the egg that one of the ovaries
releases during ovulation.
● Fimbriae then sweep the ovum
(egg) into the fallopian tube
where the egg can be fertilized.

Click here
FALLOPIAN TUBES (oviducts)
● Two tubes attached on either side of the uterus.
● They are about four inches long and 3/16 inch in diameter (the size of
a cooked spaghetti noodle).
● The oviducts carry egg cells toward the uterus and sperm cells toward
the egg cell. Fertilization takes place in the upper third of the oviduct.

Click here
UTERUS/ WOMB
● A hollow, muscular organ (shaped somewhat like an upside-down pear, about the size of a fist).
● The uterus is lined with endometrium (a blood lining.)
● The uterus has one main function—to protect and nourish a fetus
● The walls of the uterus have the ability to stretch to the size of a small
watermelon.
● After childbirth the uterus shrinks back to the original shape in 6-8 weeks, but
it can take up to nine months for the uterus to fully recover.

Click here
Cervix
● The neck or opening of the uterus.
● A normal healthy cervix is the strongest muscle in the body.
● It dips down about half an inch into the vagina.
● It is normally plugged by mucus. It stays tightly closed during
pregnancy, but thins and opens for the delivery of the baby.
● How big does it need to dilate to for birth?

Click here
VAGINA
ž it is an empty passageway leading
from the vaginal opening to the
uterus.
ž Female organ used for:
ž copulation
ž passageway for blood and
mucus during menstrual
period
ž Passageway for baby during
birth
ž It is only 3-4 inches long, but will
lengthen during arousal.
ž The vaginal walls are made of
many small folds of membrane
that stretch greatly to
accommodate a baby during birth.
ž The vaginal wall also secrete a
fluid that helps to make
copulation easier.

Click here
URETHRA
● The opening to
the bladder
that lets the
urine leave the
body.

Click here
FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
Q3 WEEK1
LEARNING TASK 3
Q3 WEEK 1 LEARNING TASK 3 Copy and complete the table with the specific functions of each part of the female
Reproductive System then answer the guide questions.

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

PARTS FUNCTIONS

OVARY Secretes female hormones. Stores and releases an ovum.

FIMBRIAE Catch the egg that one of the ovaries releases during
ovulation.
FALLOPIAN Carries the egg towards from the ovary to the uterus. The site
TUBE/OVIDUCT for fertilization.
UTERUS (WOMB) Protects and nourishes a developing embryo until the fetus is
ready to be delivered.
CERVIX The opening of the uterus where sperm enters during
copulation.
VAGINA For copulation, passageway of baby during birth, passageway
of blood and mucus during menstrual period.
97

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. What are the roles of the female
reproductive system?
The roles of the female reproductive system
are for secretion of female hormones, for
copulation, site for fertilization, gestation of
developing fetus, and lactation of growing
baby.
98

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
2. What causes a girl to develop into a
woman?
Estrogen, along with other hormones like FSH and
LH, causes a girl body to mature into a woman
and prepares her for pregnancy.
99

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
3. What are the pathways of the ovum in the
female reproductive system?
OVARY FIMBRIA FALLOPIAN TUBE

VAGINA CERVIX UTERUS

QUARTER 3 LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
HORMONES
WEEK 1 DAY 4
Match the parts of the female
reproductive system with its
function.
 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
PARTS FUNCTIONS

1. OVARIES A. It is the site for fertilization.

2. FALLOPIAN TUBE B. It is the strongest muscle in the female’s body and the opening
of the uterus where sperms enter during copulation
3. FIMBRIAE C. Served as birth canal or passageway of the baby during birth

4. UTERUS D. Secrete female hormones and release ovum during ovulation

5. CERVIX E. Catch the egg that one of the ovaries releases during
ovulation.
6. VAGINA F. Also known as the womb, which protects and nourishes the
growing fetus.
HORMONES
• HORMONES play an important role that
regulates the function of a specific organ
of the body. They regulate complex
chemical substances secreted by the
endocrine glands that are carried
through the bloodstream to the target
organ in many areas of the body.
• In female reproductive system,
hormones carry a specific role during
puberty, ovulation, pregnancy, and
lactation.
 hypothalamus

pituitary
● Estrogen is responsibleGnRH
for the secondary sex characteristics and the sex drive in females. It
spurs the onset of puberty and is responsible for OVULATION. LH/FSH

estrogen
progesterone ovary

uterus

Click here when done

HYPOTHALAMUS
● The hypothalamus is an
endocrine gland located in
the area of the brain that
produces hormones that
control: Body temperature.
Heart rate. Hunger. Mood.
● It secretes Gonadotropin
Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

Click here
 Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
● The gonadotrophin-releasing hormone is
released from the hypothalamus in the brain.
● GnRH causes the pituitary gland in the brain
to make and secrete luteinizing hormone
(LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Click here
Anterior Pituitary Gland
● The anterior pituitary is the
front lobe of your pituitary
gland, which is a small, pea-
sized gland located at the
base of your brain below your
hypothalamus that secretes
follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH), and luteinizing
hormones (LH).

Click here
Estrogen
● Estrogen is responsible for the secondary sex characteristics and
the sex drive in females. It spurs the onset of puberty and is
responsible for OVULATION.
● Stimulates the wall of the uterus or endometrium to thicken in
preparation for pregnancy.
● High level of estrogen decreases the FSH level in the blood.
Click here
Progesterone
● After the released of the ovum Corpus Luteum starts to generate
producing Progesterone
● progesterone controls the development of endometrium
(endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus)
● Progesterone prevents the endometrium from being expelled and
prevents further ovulation.
● If pregnancy doesn’t occur, the corpus luteum slowly disintegrates
and progesterone level drops. The wall of the endometrium will
start to shed then menstruation starts.

Click here
 Progesterone
●
Progesterone
●

Click here
FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE
● Follicle stimulating hormone
(FSH) is a hormone released by
the anterior pituitary gland in the
brain.
● In females, Follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH) stimulates the
ovary causing one ovarian follicle
to mature.

Click here
Luteinizing Hormone
● In female, the Luteinizing hormone (LH) from the
pituitary gland, provides the hormonal trigger to
cause ovulation and stimulates the ripe ovarian
follicle to release the egg.

Click here
 Do females
have
testosterone?
FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE
HORMONES
Q3 WEEK1
LEARNING TASK 4
Q3 WEEK 1 LEARNING TASK 4. Copy and complete the table by giving the roles of the different hormones in female
reproductive system.

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES

HORMONES GLAND ROLES

• Follicle
Stimulating pituitary gland Stimulates one ovarian follicle to mature in
Hormone (FSH)
the ovary

• Luteinizing
Hormone (LH) pituitary gland Stimulates ripen ovarian follicle to release

• Estrogen Responsible for the secondary sexual characteristics

ovary
of female. Stimulates the thickening of the uterus.

• Progesterone Corpus luteum Controls the development of the

in the ovary endometrium
ASSESSMENT 1
Q3 WEEK1

ANSWER
1. Both males and females have reproductive organs called GENITALS or
GENITALIA designed for the purpose of production of gametes, releasing of
hormones, copulation, and conception. The following are parts of the female
reproductive system EXCEPT:

Fimbriae

Ovary

epididymis

Fallopian tube
2. Puberty is the time when you physically become an
adult. During puberty, the body of male and female
change because
they are getting older

reproductive gonads become active and started to secret

male and female hormones.

their body respond to their age.

Nothing relevant
3. Prostate cancer is a form of cancer that begins in the gland
cells of the prostate, which is found only in males. Which of the
following is INCORRECT statement about prostate gland?

Located inferior to the urinary bladder

Secretion is thin and milky colored

Function in increasing the mobility of the sperm.

Secretion is acidic in nature

4. Secondary sexual characteristics develop during puberty. Secondary sexual
characteristics in males include the growth of pubic hair, and facial hair and
the voice deepens. Female secondary sexual characteristics include breasts
develop, hips widen, and pubic hair begins to grow. Which of the following
hormone is responsible for female secondary characteristics?

progesterone

estrogen

testosterone

Follicle stimulating hormone

5. Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm cell development. Rounded
immature sperm cells undergo successive mitotic and meiotic divisions
(spermatocytogenesis) and a metamorphic change (spermiogenesis) to
produce spermatozoa. Which of the following hormone is responsible for the
production of sperm cells during spermatogenesis?

Luteinizing hormone

estrogen

testosterone

Follicle stimulating hormone

6. Hormones affect various processes in the body as they regulate
the activities of organs, tissues, and cells. Which of the following
statements is true about female hormones? They _____.
act in very small amounts but results to great deal of
change in the body

lead to growth of facial hair and development of Adam’s

apple

may cause pain and headaches

Prepares the uterus for implantation of the embryo during

conception.
7. Testosterone is a hormone produced primarily in the testicles.
Testosterone helps maintain men's: Bone density. Fat distribution.
Muscle strength and mass. What would happen if testosterone
levels get too high?
Testosterone feeds back to directly inhibit GnRH
production

Testosterone feeds back to directly inhibit FSH production

FSH production increases to counteract high testosterone

levels

LH production increases to counteract high testosterone

levels.
8. Ejaculation is a physiological process heavily controlled by the
autonomic nervous system. It consists of two main phases:
emission and expulsion. The correct pathway of sperm through the
male’s reproductive tract is __________.
Testes→ejaculatory tract→epididymis→vas deferens
→urethra

testes→epididymis→ ejaculatory duct → vas deferens →

urethra

Testes → epididymis → vas deferens → ejaculatory duct

→urethra

Testes → vas deferens → epididymis → ejaculatory duct

→urethra.
9. Estrogen or oestrogen is a category of sex hormone responsible
for the development and regulation of the female reproductive
system and secondary sex characteristics. What part of the female
reproductive system produces estrogen?

uterus

Corpus luteum

ovary

Oviduct
10. Fertilization in humans refers to the fusion of male and female gametes that facilitates
the development of a new organism.” Fertilization is the natural life process, which is
carried out by the fusion of both male and female gametes, which results in the formation
of a zygote. In what part of the female reproductive system does fertilization occur?

uterus

vagina

Fallopian tube

ovary