Professional Documents
Culture Documents
VHB - CHP 6 Mulching
VHB - CHP 6 Mulching
ÕV
}
3- /LSON
3RO\HWK\OHQHPXOFKKDVEHHQXVHGIRUFRPPHUFLDOYHJ :KLWHPXOFKHVDUHZDUPHUWKDQZKLWHRQEODFNEXWQRW
HWDEOHSURGXFWLRQLQ)ORULGDIRUPRUHWKDQ\HDUV)LJ DVZDUPDVEODFNVLQFHDSRUWLRQRIWKHVXQOLJKWSDVVHV
7KHUHDUHDSSUR[LPDWHO\DFUHVRIPXOFKHG WKURXJKWKHPXOFKWRKHDWWKHVRLO:HHGJURZWKXQGHU
YHJHWDEOHVLQ)ORULGDUDQNLQJLWQHDUWKHWRSLQWKH86 ZKLWHPXOFKFDQEHDSUREOHPLIIXPLJDQWVRUKHUELFLGHV
IRUWKLVSURGXFWLRQPHWKRG$OPRVWDOORIWKHWRPDWRDQG DUHQRWXVHG
VWUDZEHUU\SURGXFWLRQLVRQPXOFK2WKHUFURSVWKDWKDYH
FRQVLGHUDEOHSURGXFWLRQRQPXOFKDUHSHSSHUHJJSODQWDQG 6HOHFWLYHPXOFKHVFRPHLQYDULRXVFRORUVVXFKDVFOHDU
YDULRXVPHORQV2WKHUFURSVVXFKDVVTXDVKFXFXPEHUVRU EURZQRUJUHHQEXWDOODUHVHPLWUDQVSDUHQWRUWUDQVSDU
FDXOLIORZHUKDYHOHVVHUDFUHDJHRQPXOFKRUDUHJURZQLQD HQW7KH\DUHDQHZFODVVRIPXOFKZKLFKLVZDYHOHQJWK
GRXEOHFURSVLWXDWLRQ VHOHFWLYH7KHPXOFKDOORZVWKHZDYHOHQJWKVRIOLJKWWKDW
ZLOOKHDWWKHVRLOWRSDVVWKURXJKQRWDVPXFKDVFOHDU
EXWSUHYHQWVZHHGJURZWKE\UHGXFLQJWKHTXDQWLW\RIYLV
LEOHOLJKWWRQPWKDWLVQHHGHGIRUSKRWRV\QWKH
/9*
-Ê"Ê1
VLVWKHUHE\QHJDWLQJWKHQHHGIRUZHHGFRQWUROXQGHUWKH
)ORULGDJURZHUVXVHERWKORZDQGKLJKGHQVLW\SRO\ PXOFK
HWK\OHQHPXOFKHV7KLFNQHVVHVRIPXOFKHVXVHGYDU\IURP
WRPLOV7KHPRVWFRPPRQFRORUVXVHGDUHEODFN 9LUWXDOO\LPSHUPHDEOHILOPV9,)RUJDVLPSHUPH
DQGZKLWHRQEODFN%ODFNLVXVHGWUDGLWLRQDOO\GXULQJFRRO DEOH*,ILOPVKDYHEHHQDURXQGIRUPDQ\\HDUVEXWZHUH
VHDVRQVVLQFHLWWHQGVWRZDUPWKHVRLOE\DEVRUELQJWKH QRWYHU\JURZHUIULHQGO\7KH\ZHUHKDUGWROD\VLQFHWKH\
KHDWRIWKHVXQDQGWUDQVIHUULQJWKHKHDWWRWKHVRLO)LJ VWUHWFKHGYHU\OLWWOHDQGLIWRRPXFKSUHVVXUHZDVDSSOLHG
%ODFNPXOFKHVDOVRSURYLGHJRRGZHHGFRQWUROH[FHSW WKH\KDGDWHQGHQF\WRWHDU6RPHRIWKHQHZHURQHVGR
IRUWKHSHUHQQLDOQXWVHGJHVLIWKH\DUHWKLFNHQRXJKDQG KDQGOHPXFKEHWWHUDQGJURZHUVDUHDEOHWROD\WKHPZLWK
GRQRWDOORZOLJKWWRSDVVWKURXJK:KLWHRQEODFNLVXVHG RXWSUREOHPV9,)ILOPVDUHPDGHXSRIPXOWLSOHOD\HUV
ZKHQSODQWLQJDQGSURGXFWLRQRFFXUGXULQJKRWZHDWKHU XSWRZLWKWKHFHQWHUOD\HUEHLQJQ\ORQRURWKHUJDV
)LJ7KHZKLWHXSSHUVXUIDFHUHIOHFWVWKHVXQ·VHQHU LPSHUPHDEOHPDWHULDO7KHRXWHUOD\HUVDUHXVXDOO\SRO\
J\DQGGRHVQRWEHFRPHKHDWHGZKLOHWKHEODFNXQGHUOD\HU HWK\OHQHWRJLYHWKHPXOFKVWUHWFKDELOLW\DQGWRDOORZWKH
SUHYHQWVZHHGJURZWK2WKHUPXOFKHVWKDWDUHDYDLODEOH PXOFKWREHKDQGOHGZLWKRXWWHDULQJ7KHPDLQEHQHILWRI
DQGPD\EHRISRWHQWLDOXVHDUHGHVFULEHGEHORZ 9,)PXOFKHVLVWKDWZLWKVRPHIXPLJDQWVWKHUDWHVFDQEH
UHGXFHGE\DVPXFKDVDQGDGHTXDWHFRQWURORIWKH
&OHDUPXOFKHVLQFUHDVHVRLOWHPSHUDWXUHVWKHPRVWVLQFH VRLOSHVWVVWLOOPDLQWDLQHG
WKHVXQ·VHQHUJ\SDVVHVWKURXJKWKHPXOFKDQGKHDWVDLU
DQGVRLOEHQHDWKWKHPXOFKGLUHFWO\DQGWKHQWKHKHDWLV 'HJUDGDEOHPXOFKHVKDYHEHHQWULHGLQ)ORULGDIRU
WUDSSHGE\WKHJUHHQKRXVHHIIHFW7KH\KDYHEHHQXVHGSUL PDQ\\HDUV&RORUVDYDLODEOHLQFOXGHEODFNEURZQZKLWH
PDULO\LQQRUWKHUQFOLPDWHV7KHUHDUHSUREOHPVZLWKZHHG DQGFOHDU0RVWRIWKHEODFNDQGEURZQPXOFKHVDUHVOLJKW
JURZWKXQGHUWKHFOHDUPXOFKVRIXPLJDQWVRUDSSURSULDWH O\WUDQVSDUHQWDQGDOORZVRPHVXQOLJKWWRSDVVWKURXJK
KHUELFLGHVPXVWEHXVHG&OHDUPXOFKHVDUHQRWZLGHO\ 2QHRIWKHELJJHVWSUREOHPVZLWKSKRWRGHJUDGDEOHPXOFK
XVHGLQ)ORULGD HVLVWKHXQFHUWDLQDPRXQWRIWLPHWKDWLVUHTXLUHGIRUWKH
PXOFKWRUHDFKWKHEULWWOHVWDJH7KLVVRPHWLPHVUHVXOWVLQ
&OHDUPXOFKKDVEHHQXVHGIRUEHGVRODUL]LQJZKHUH WKHPXOFKEUHDNLQJXSORQJEHIRUHH[SHFWHG7KHUHLVVWLOO
WKHPXOFKLVDSSOLHGGXULQJWKHVXPPHUDQGDOORZHGWR WKHSUREOHPZLWKWKHEXULHGHGJHWKDWPXVWEHEURXJKWWR
UHPDLQIRUVL[WRHLJKWZHHNV7KHPXOFKLVSDLQWHGZKLWH WKHVXUIDFHDQGEHVXEMHFWHGWRWKHUHTXLUHGH[SRVXUHWLPH
IRUIDOOSURGXFWLRQDQGEODFNIRUZLQWHUSURGXFWLRQ7ULDOV WREUHDNXS:DWHUPHORQJURZHUVKDYHXVHGSKRWRGHJUDG
KDYHVKRZQWKDWVRPHZHHGVDQGGLVHDVHVDUHFRQWUROOHG DEOHPXOFKHVZLWKPL[HGUHVXOWV
WKURXJKVRODUL]DWLRQ
8VHRIUHGPXOFKHVKDVUHFHLYHGDORWRIDWWHQWLRQODWHO\
VLQFHWKHUHDUHUHSRUWVRILQFUHDVHGHDUO\DQGWRWDO\LHOGV
*>}iÊÓÇ
This document is HS715, Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS, Fla. Coop. Ext. Serv., September, 2007
*>}iÊÓn 6i}iÌ>LiÊ*À`ÕVÌÊ>`L
DQGUHGXFHGQHPDWRGHGDPDJHLQWRPDWRHV7ULDOVLQERWK ZLWKWKHGULSV\VWHPLIXVLQJGULSRUZLWKDOLTXLGIHUWLOL]HU
VRXWKFHQWUDODQGQRUWKZHVW)ORULGDKDYHQRWFRQILUPHGWKH LQMHFWLRQZKHHO2YHUZDWHULQJZLWKDGULSLUULJDWLRQV\VWHP
HDUO\RUWRWDO\LHOGLQFUHDVHVZKHQUHGPXOFKZDVXVHG FDQDOVRUHVXOWLQIHUWLOL]HUORVVIURPXQGHUWKHPXOFK
2WKHUFRORUHGPXOFKHVWKDWDUHDYDLODEOHDUH\HOORZDQG 'HFUHDVHVVRLOFRPSDFWLRQ7KHPXOFKDFWVDVDEDUULHU
VLOYHU7KH\HOORZPXOFKKDVEHHQXVHGWRUHGXFHFHUWDLQ WRWKHSRXQGLQJDFWLRQRIUDLQIDOO7KLVDFWLRQFDQFDXVH
GLVHDVHV6LOYHUPXOFKFRPHVERWKDVKLJKO\UHIOHFWLYH VRLOFUXVWLQJLQFUHDVHGFRPSDFWLRQDQGRUHURVLRQ/HVV
W\SHVDQGPXOFKHVWKDWDUHDOVRJUD\HVSHFLDOO\LIWKH\DUH FRPSDFWHGVRLOSURYLGHVDEHWWHUHQYLURQPHQWIRUVHHGOLQJ
HPERVVHG7ULDOVZLWKWKHJUD\PXOFKLQIDOOSURGXFWLRQ HPHUJHQFHDQGURRWJURZWK:KHQGRXEOHFURSSLQJWKH
VHDVRQLQQRUWKZHVW)ORULGDKDVUHVXOWHGLQUHGXFHGJURZWK UHGXFHGFRPSDFWLRQFDQPHDQSURGXFLQJDVHFRQGFURS
GXHWRH[FHVVLYHVRLOWHPSHUDWXUHV7KHUHIOHFWLYHVLOYHUKDV ZLWKRXWGLVWXUELQJWKHVRLO
EHQHILWVRIUHGXFLQJWKHLQFLGHQFHRIFHUWDLQGLVHDVHVVXFK
DVPRVDLFLQVTXDVKDQG7RPDWRVSRWWHGZLOWLQWRPDWRHV 5HGXFHVIUXLWURW)RUYLQHFURSVWKHPXOFKVHUYHVDV
E\DIIHFWLQJLQVHFWPRYHPHQW7KH\DOVRKDYHWKHEHQHILW DSURWHFWLYHEDUULHUEHWZHHQWKHVRLODQGWKHIUXLWWRUHGXFH
RIDFWLQJOLNHD9,)ILOPDQGIXPLJDQWUDWHVFDQEHUHGXFHG URWDQGNHHSWKHIUXLWFOHDQHU0XOFKUHGXFHVUDLQVSODVKHG
E\XSWR GHSRVLWVRIVRLODQGGLVHDVHRUJDQLVPVIRURWKHUFURSVVXFK
DVWRPDWRHVDQGHJJSODQWV
,QFUHDVHVIXPLJDQWHIIHFWLYHQHVV:LWKVRPHIXPL
6 /
-Ê"Ê1
JDQWVVXFKDVPHWK\OEURPLGHWKHPXOFKEDUULHULVQHFHV
VDU\IRUWKHIXPLJDQWWRZRUNSURSHUO\7KHZDWHUOD\HU
,QFUHDVHVHDUO\DQGVRPHWLPHVWRWDO\LHOGV2QH WKDWIRUPVXQGHUWKHPXOFKVORZVGRZQWKHORVVRIWKH
PDLQUHDVRQIRUXVLQJDPXOFKLVWRSURPRWHIDVWHUFURS PHWK\OEURPLGHDQGDOORZVWKHFRQFHQWUDWLRQWRUHPDLQ
GHYHORSPHQWHDUOLHUKDUYHVWDQGLQFUHDVHGHDUO\\LHOGV KLJKHQRXJKWRZRUNHIIHFWLYHO\:LWKRWKHUIXPLJDQWV
7KLVLVDFFRPSOLVKHGE\VHOHFWLQJDPXOFKVXFKDVEODFN VXFKDVPHWKDPVRGLXPWKHPXOFKLQFUHDVHVWKHHIIHFWLYH
ZKLFKLQFUHDVHVVRLOWHPSHUDWXUHVLQWKHEHGHQKDQFHV QHVVE\PDLQWDLQLQJDFULWLFDOFRQFHQWUDWLRQRIIXPLJDQWLQ
JHUPLQDWLRQRIVHHGDQGSURPRWHVIDVWHUJURZWKGXULQJ WKHVRLO
WKHFRROVHDVRQ$VQRUWK)ORULGDJURZHUVUHFHLYHPRUH
FRPSHWLWLRQIURPJURZHUVLQ*HRUJLDDQG6RXWK&DUROLQD
WKH\ZLOOQHHGWRDGRSWPHWKRGVWKDWUHVXOWLQHDUOLHUFURSV
-6 /
-Ê"Ê1
,QKLELWVZHHGJURZWK:KHQEODFNZKLWHRQEODFN 5HTXLUHVVSHFLDOL]HGHTXLSPHQW7KHPXOFKFXOWXUDO
UHGVHOHFWLYHRURWKHUGDUNPXOFKLVXVHGYHU\OLWWOHZHHG V\VWHPUHTXLUHVWKHSXUFKDVHRUFRQVWUXFWLRQRIFHUWDLQ
JURZWKRFFXUVXQGHUWKHPXOFK7KHPXOFKHVSUHYHQWOLJKW SLHFHVRIVSHFLDOL]HGHTXLSPHQWIRUOD\LQJWKHSODVWLFDQG
SHQHWUDWLRQRUH[FOXGHFHUWDLQZDYHOHQJWKVRIOLJKWWKDWDUH SODQWLQJWKURXJKWKHPXOFK0RVWRIWKHHTXLSPHQWFDQQRW
QHHGHGIRUWKHZHHGVHHGOLQJVWRJURZDQGWKH\WKHUHIRUH EHXVHGIRURWKHUSURGXFWLRQV\VWHPV(TXLSPHQWLQFOXGHV
GLH1RQHRIWKHPXOFKHVZLOOSUHYHQWWKHHPHUJHQFHRI DEHGSUHVVPXOFKOD\HUDQGPXOFKWUDQVSODQWHURUVHHGHU
\HOORZRUSXUSOHQXWVHGJHDQGEHGVPXVWEHIXPLJDWHGWR 7KHHTXLSPHQWUDQJHVIURPLQH[SHQVLYHVHWXSVIRUVPDOO
FRQWUROWKHP JURZHUVWRYHU\H[SHQVLYHVHWXSVIRUODUJHJURZHUVGRLQJ
PXOWLSOHURZVDWDWLPH,IDJURZHULVKDQG\LQWKHVKRS
,PSURYHVPRLVWXUHUHWHQWLRQ0XOFKJUHDWO\UHWDUGV VRPHRIWKHHTXLSPHQWFRXOGEHPDGHRQWKHIDUP
WKHORVVRIPRLVWXUHIURPWKHEHG$VDUHVXOWDPRUH
XQLIRUPVRLOPRLVWXUHUHJLPHLVPDLQWDLQHGDQGLUULJDWLRQ ,QFUHDVHVSUHSODQWFRVWV7KHDGGHGH[SHQVHRISXU
IUHTXHQF\PD\EHUHGXFHG,UULJDWLRQLVVWLOOQHHGHGIRU FKDVLQJWKHPXOFKLQFUHDVHVSUHSODQWSURGXFWLRQFRVWVDQG
PXOFKHGFURSVVRWKDWWKHVRLOXQGHUWKHPXOFKGRHVQ·WGU\ GLVFRXUDJHVVRPHJURZHUVIURPXVLQJPXOFK7KHFRVWRI
RXWH[FHVVLYHO\7KHEHGVVKRXOGEHPRQLWRUHGRQDGDLO\ WKHPXOFKFDQUDQJHIURPDVORZDVSHUDFUHIRUZLGH
EDVLVVXFKDVZLWKWHQVLRPHWHUVWRVFKHGXOHLUULJDWLRQ VSDFLQJDQGQDUURZEHGVWRPRUHWKDQSHUDFUHIRU
QHHGV FORVHURZVDQGZLGHEHGV
5HGXFHVIHUWLOL]HUOHDFKLQJ6LQFHWKHIHUWLOL]HGEHGLV 5HTXLUHVUHPRYDODQGGLVSRVDO7KHELJJHVWSUREOHPV
FRYHUHGE\WKHPXOFKWKHIHUWLOL]HULVOHVVVXEMHFWWROHDFK DVVRFLDWHGZLWKPXOFKXVHDUHUHPRYDODQGGLVSRVDO6LQFH
LQJE\UDLQIDOO)LJ$VDUHVXOWWKHIHUWLOL]HUSURJUDP PRVWPXOFKHVDUHQRWGHJUDGDEOHWKH\PXVWEHUHPRYHG
LVPRUHHIILFLHQWDQGWKHSRWHQWLDOH[LVWVIRUUHGXFLQJWUD IURPWKHILHOGDIWHUWKHFURSSLQJVHDVRQ)LJ7KH
GLWLRQDOIHUWLOL]HULQSXWV)HUWLOL]HUFDQVWLOOEHORVWLIKHDY\ PRVWFRPPRQPHWKRGLVUHPRYDOE\KDQGZKLFKLQYROYHV
UDLQIDOOIORRGVDILHOGWRWKHSRLQWZKHUHZDWHULVRYHUWKH FXWWLQJWKHPXOFKGRZQWKHFHQWHUDQGSXOOLQJLWWRHDFK
EHGV:KHQWKHZDWHUGUDLQVRIIDSRUWLRQRIWKHIHUWLOL]HU VLGHDQGRXWRIWKHJURXQG,QWRPDWRHVWKLVLVGRQHEHIRUH
FDQEHOHDFKHG7KLVORVWIHUWLOL]HUFDQEHUHSODFHGHLWKHU WKHVWULQJVDUHEXUQHGDQGWKHSODQWVDUHGURSSHGRQWRWKH
This document is HS715, Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS, Fla. Coop. Ext. Serv., September, 2007
>«ÌiÀÊÈ\ÊÕV
} *>}iÊÓ
$VWKHPXOFKLVEHLQJODLGWKHEHGLVSUHVVHGILUPO\VR
,"*Ê
-/ -
/
WKDWODWHUWKHEHGGRHVQRWFROODSVHLQWKHFHQWHUDQGDOORZ
ZDWHUWRVWDQG7KHPXOFKVKRXOGEHODLGVRWKDWLWLVLQ 9HJHWDEOHFURSHVWDEOLVKPHQWRQPXOFKHVFDQEHDFFRP
WLJKWFRQWDFWZLWKWKHEHG7KLVZLOOKHOSWUDQVIHUKHDWWRWKH SOLVKHGE\WUDQVSODQWLQJRUGLUHFWVHHGLQJ7UDQVSODQWLQJ
EHGZKHQDGDUNPXOFKLVXVHGDQGZLOOUHGXFHIODSSLQJLQ FDQEHDFFRPSOLVKHGE\PHFKDQLFDOSOXJSODQWHUVRUZLWK
WKHZLQG([FHVVLYHIODSSLQJFDQUHVXOWLQVHHGOLQJGDPDJH VHPLDXWRPDWHGWUDQVSODQWHUV)LJ%RWKRIWKHVH
WHDUVLQWKHPXOFKSUHPDWXUHEUHDNGRZQRIWKHPXOFKRU W\SHVUHTXLUHODERUWREHRQWKHSODQWHU)XOO\DXWRPDWHG
DOORZWKHZLQGWREORZWKHPXOFKIURPWKHEHG,WLVFULWL WUDQVSODQWHUVIRUSODQWLQJWKURXJKPXOFKHVDUHDYDLODEOH
FDOWRDGMXVWWKHPXOFKOD\HUVRWKDWWKHHGJHVDUHEXULHG 2QHRIWKHPRVWFRPPRQWUDQVSODQWHUVXVHGLQ)ORULGDLV
VXIILFLHQWO\WRSUHYHQWXSOLIWLQJE\ZLQG,IIXPLJDWLQJ WKHZDWHUZKHHOWUDQVSODQWHU7KHZDWHUZKHHOWUDQVSODQWHU
WKHNQLYHVVKRXOGEHFKHFNHGUHJXODUO\IRUSOXJJLQJ$OVR SXQFKHVDKROHDSSOLHVZDWHURUDIHUWLOL]HUVROXWLRQDQG
ZKHQGULSWXEHVDUHXVHGWKH\VKRXOGEHDSSOLHGZLWKWKH DWUDQVSODQWLVSXWLQWKHKROHDQGURRWEDOOFRYHUHGZLWK
RULILFHVSRLQWLQJXSVRWKDWSOXJJLQJZLOOEHUHGXFHG VRLOE\KDQG,QURZVSDFLQJFDQEHYDULHGE\FKDQJLQJWKH
ZKHHORUZKHHOVLIDWZRURZSODQWHU
This document is HS715, Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS, Fla. Coop. Ext. Serv., September, 2007
*>}iÊÎä 6i}iÌ>LiÊ*À`ÕVÌÊ>`L
'LUHFWVHHGLQJWKURXJKPXOFKFDQEHDFFRPSOLVKHGE\ *,"1
/" Ê-9-/
-Ê1- Ê1
KDQGSOXJPL[RUJHOPL[SODQWLQJRUPHFKDQLFDOVHHGHUV
+DQGSODQWLQJLVXVXDOO\SUDFWLFHGE\VPDOOJURZHUVVLQFH 0XOFKFDQEHLQWHJUDWHGLQWRRWKHUSURGXFWLRQV\VWHPV
LWGRHVQRWUHTXLUHDQ\H[SHQVLYHHTXLSPHQWSXUFKDVHV,W WRHQKDQFHWKHHIIHFWVRIPXOFKLQJ)LJ7UDQVSODQWV
LVYHU\FRVWO\IRUODERUEXWXVXDOO\YHU\HIILFLHQWLQWHUPV XVHGZLWKPXOFKFDQKHOSGHFUHDVHWKHQXPEHURIGD\V
RIVHHGXVH:LWKWKLVSURFHGXUHERWKUDZVHHGDQGSOXJ WRKDUYHVWDQGSURYLGHH[DFWSODQWSRSXODWLRQVZLWKRXW
PL[SODQWLQJKDYHEHHQXVHG6RPHPHWKRGLVUHTXLUHGWR WKLQQLQJZKLFKLVRIWHQUHTXLUHGZKHQGLUHFWVHHGLQJ
VSDFHDQGSXQFKWKHKROHVLQWKHPXOFK :LQGEUHDNVVXFKDVDVPDOOJUDLQVKRXOGEHXVHGWRUHGXFH
ZLQGGDPDJHVDQGEODVWLQJDQGWRKHOSUHGXFHWKHFRROLQJ
3OXJPL[RUJHOPL[SODQWLQJXWLOL]HVDPHGLXPWRVXV HIIHFWRIZLQG
SHQGWKHVHHGWRJHWDXQLIRUPVHHGGHQVLW\DQGSURYLGH
LGHDOJHUPLQDWLRQFRQGLWLRQV7KHPHGLXPLVXVXDOO\D 'ULSLUULJDWLRQLVFRPSDWLEOHZLWKPXOFKLQJEHFDXVH
ILQHO\JURXQGPL[WXUHRISHDWDQGYHUPLFXOLWHDORQHRU WKHJURZHUFDQPDLQWDLQRSWLPXPPRLVWXUHXQGHUWKH
PL[HGZLWKDJHOPDWHULDOWRSURORQJPRLVWXUHUHWHQWLRQ PXOFKDQGWKHV\VWHPFDQEHFRPSXWHUFRQWUROOHGIRUZDWHU
7KHPRVWLPSRUWDQWSDUWRISOXJPL[SODQWLQJLVLQWKH DQGQXWULHQWDSSOLFDWLRQ'ULSLUULJDWLRQDOVRSURYLGHVIRU
PL[LQJSURFHVVVLQFHXQHYHQPL[LQJZLOOUHVXOWLQYDULDEOH SHULRGLFIHUWLOL]DWLRQRIWKHFURSVRWKDWODUJHDPRXQWVRI
VHHGGLVWULEXWLRQDQGSRRUVWDQGVLQWKHILHOG)RUVPDOO SUHSODQWIHUWLOL]HUDUHQRWQHHGHG%HLQJDEOHWRSURYLGHWKH
EDWFKHVDPRUWDUPL[HUZRUNVPXFKEHWWHUWKDQDFHPHQW FURSZLWKQXWULHQWVDVWKH\DUHQHHGHGLVDPRUHHIILFLHQW
PL[HU$IWHUWKHVHHGDQGPHGLXPDUHPL[HGSURSHUO\WKH PHWKRGRIIHUWLOL]DWLRQDQGUHGXFHVWKHSRWHQWLDOIRUOHDFK
PL[WXUHLVSODFHGLQWKHKRSSHURIWKHSODQWHUZKHUHWKH LQJORVVHVRIIHUWLOL]HU8VHRIWKHPXOFKIRUDVHFRQGFURS
PDFKLQHSXQFKHVRUEXUQVDKROHLQWKHPXOFKDQGSODFHVD LVPDGHHDVLHUZKHQGULSLUULJDWLRQLVXVHG,WLVQRORQJHU
VPDOODPRXQWRIWKHPL[WXUHLQWRWKHKROH QHFHVVDU\WRDSSO\H[WUDIHUWLOL]HUZKHQSODQWLQJWKHILUVW
FURSWRHQVXUHDGHTXDWHDPRXQWVIRUWKHVHFRQGFURS
7KHUHDUHQXPHURXVPHFKDQLFDOVHHGHUVRQWKHPDUNHW
WKDWDUHDEOHWRVLQJXODWHVHHGDQGGHSRVLWWKHPLQDKROH 5RZFRYHUVZKHQXVHGLQFRQMXQFWLRQZLWKPXOFKSUR
SXQFKHGLQWKHPXOFK6RPHRIWKHPHFKDQLFDOVHHGHUV GXFHWKHHDUOLHVW\LHOGVIRUVRPHFURSVVXFKDVPHORQVEXW
DUHDOVRDEOHWRXWLOL]HPHGLDWRFRYHUWKHVHHG6HYHUDO KDYHQRWDOZD\VSURYHGEHQHILFLDOIRUFURSVVXFKDVSHS
JURZHUVKDYHPRGLILHGSOXJPL[SODQWHUVE\DGGLQJSUH SHUVRUWRPDWRHV
FLVLRQKRSSHUVWRSODQWVHHGZLWKRXWWKHQHHGIRUPHGLD
:LWKKLJKGHQVLW\SODQWLQJVVXFKDVGRXEOHURZDQGFORVH
LQURZVSDFHGVTXDVKWKHPHFKDQLFDOVHHGHUVDUHPRUH
HFRQRPLFDOWRXVHWKDQSOXJPL[SODQWLQJEHFDXVHRIWKH
DPRXQWRIPHGLDQHHGHG6RPHPHFKDQLFDOVHHGHUVKDYH
WKHDELOLW\WROD\PXOFKRUURZFRYHUDQGVHHGLQRQHSDVV
This document is HS715, Horticultural Sciences Dept., UF/IFAS, Fla. Coop. Ext. Serv., September, 2007