MAPEH 1-25 Items

Sounds- are produced by a vibrating body. The vibrating object moves in one direction and compresses
the air directly in front of it. As the vibrating object moves in the opposite direction, the pressure on the
air is lessened so that an expansion, or rarefaction, of air molecules occurs.

Music- is generally defined as the art of arranging sound to create some combination

of form, harmony, melody, rhythm or otherwise expressive content. Exact definitions of music vary
considerably around the world, though it is an aspect of all human societies, a cultural universal. While
scholars agree that music is defined by a few specific elements, there is no consensus on their precise
definitions

Pitch- pitch, in music, position of a single sound in the complete range of sound. Sounds are higher or
lower in pitch according to the frequency of vibration of the sound waves producing them.

Harmony- In music, harmony is the process by which individual sounds are joined together or composed
into whole units or compositions. Often, the term harmony refers to simultaneously
occurring frequencies, pitches (tones, notes), or chords. However, harmony is generally understood to
involve both vertical harmony (chords) and horizontal harmony (melody). 

Soprano- The soprano is the highest female voice type. There are many types of sopranos such as
coloratura soprano, lyric soprano and the soubrette, which differ in vocal agility, vocal weight, timbre,
and voice quality. All sopranos have the ability to sing higher notes with ease.

Mezzo-Soprano- The mezzo-soprano or mezzo is the second highest female voice type. In a large choir,
a mezzo-soprano will usually sing along with the sopranos, not the altos, with the vocal part 'Soprano II'
or 'Soprano 2'. If the sopranos split in half, a mezzo will sing the lower melody as typically, a mezzo vocal
timbre is darker than the soprano.

Alto- An alto is a woman with a relatively low singing voice. In a choir, alto describes the lowest singing
part written for a female voice.

Tenor- a  male  singer  with a high  voice, or (especially  in  combinations) a  musical  instrument  that has
the same  range  of  notes  as the tenor  singing  voice:

Violin- The violin is the soprano of the string family. It has a hollow, wooden body and four
strings. The sound made by the violin can vary from bright and vibrant to solemn and mellow.

Viola- A viola is a musical instrument with four strings that is played with a bow. It is like a violin, but
is slightly larger and can play lower notes.

Cello- A cello is a musical instrument with four strings that looks like a large violin. You play the cello
with a bow while sitting down and holding it upright between your legs.

Flute- French flûte, German Flöte, wind instrument in which the sound is produced by a stream of air

directed against a sharp edge, upon which the air breaks up into eddies that alternate regularly above
and below the edge, setting into vibration the air enclosed in the flute.
Exhalation- is where the excitement happens – because it is your out breath that carries your sound!
Learning correct, controlled breathing for singing is a long-term project that requires commitment from
singers. Some may need to correct poor breathing habits.

Inhalation- this increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside. As a
result, air rushes in and fills the lungs.
Diction- pronunciation and enunciation of words in singing.

Posture- refers to the way the body is held (e.g., straight, slumped, etc) and its position when sitting or
standing. For singing, it is best to stand rather than sit, as this allows the most open and unrestricted
passage of air for both breathing and singing.

Oboe- The oboe (/ˈoʊboʊ/ OH-boh) is a type of double reed woodwind instrument. Oboes are usually

made of wood, but may also be made of synthetic materials, such as plastic, resin, or hybrid composites.

Clarinet- The clarinet is a single-reed instrument in the woodwind family, with a nearly

cylindrical bore and a flared bell.

Piccolo- The word piccolo is in the fairly extensive group of Italian words that designate musical
instruments and other musical terms. A piccolo is a small flute that plays an octave higher than an
ordinary one; the word comes, appropriately enough, from the Italian for "small," which is also piccolo.

Bass Drum- bass drum, percussion instrument, the largest and deepest-sounding member of the drum
family, usually played with a pair of large felt-headed sticks, or beaters. In modern popular-music bands
the bass drum is often part of a drum set and is commonly struck by a single pedal-operated stick.

Kittle Drum- a percussion instrument that consists of a hollow brass, copper, or fiberglass hemisphere
with a calfskin or plastic head whose tension can be changed to vary the pitch.

Snare Drum- The snare drum is often used to keep the beat in a piece. Some examples of this are snare
drums being used in an orchestra, marching band, or the military. The snare drum is also an integral
piece of the drum kit. Lastly, the snare drum can sometimes be used as a solo instrument.

Cymbals- percussion instrument consisting of a circular flat or concave metal plate that is struck with a
drumstick or is used in pairs struck glancingly together.

Rondalla- The rondalla is an ensemble of stringed instruments played with the plectrum or pick and
generally known as plectrum instruments. It originated in Medieval Spain, especially in the ancient
Crown of Aragon: Catalonia, Aragon, Murcia, and Valencia.

Bandurria- a Spanish musical instrument of the guitar family with six pairs of double strings.

Laud- a song or hymn of praise. lauds, (used with a singular or plural verb)Ecclesiastical. a
canonical hour, marked especially by psalms of praise, usually recited with matins.

Art- the expression or application of human creative skill and imagination, typically in a visual form
such as painting or sculpture, producing works to be appreciated primarily for their beauty or
emotional power
Style- Style is basically the manner in which the artist portrays his or her subject matter
and how the artist expresses his or her vision. Style is determined by the characteristics that
describe the artwork, such as the way the artist employs form, color, and composition, to name
just a few.
Structure- he term structure pertains to the arrangement and mutual relation of the part of
the body, object or composition. Structure refers to the relation of parts, to the relative
proportions of the component elements. It also refers to the underlying skeleton which supports
the whole figure, giving form to flesh.
Anito- The act of worship or a religious sacrifice to a spirit is also sometimes simply
referred to as anito. The belief in anito are sometimes referred to as Anitism in scholarly
literature (Spanish: anitismo or anitería).
Philippine Art- Traditional arts in the Philippines include folk architecture, maritime transport,
weaving, carving, folk performing arts, folk (oral) literature, folk graphic and plastic arts,
ornaments, textile or fiber art, pottery, and other artistic expressions of traditional culture.

Philippine Music- The music of the Philippines (Filipino: Musika ng Pilipinas) includes the musical

performance arts in the Philippines and the music of Filipinos composed in various local and
international genres and styles. Philippine musical compositions are often a mixture of indigenous styles,
and various Asian styles, as well as Spanish/Latin American and American influences through foreign rule
from those countries.

Philippine Literature- Philippine literature is literature associated with the Philippines from prehistory,
through its colonial legacies, and on to the present. Pre-Hispanic Philippine literature was actually epics
passed on from generation to generation, originally through an oral tradition.

Physical Fitness- Physical fitness involves the performance of the heart and lungs, and the muscles of the
body. And, since what we do with our bodies also affects what we can do with our minds, fitness
influences to some degree qualities such as mental alertness and emotional stability.

Physical- physical indicates connected with, pertaining to, the animal or human body as a
material organism: physical strength, exercise. bodily means belonging to, concerned with, the
human body as distinct from the mind or spirit: bodily pain or suffering.

Physical Movement-  any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires
energy expenditure. Physical activity refers to all movement including during leisure time, for
transport to get to and from places, or as part of a person's work.
Physics- Physics is the branch of science that deals with the structure of matter and how
the fundamental constituents of the universe interact. It studies objects ranging from the
very small using quantum mechanics to the entire universe using general relativity.
Speeds- Speed is defined as. The rate of change of position of an object in any direction.
Speed is measured as the ratio of distance to the time in which the distance was covered.
Speed is a scalar quantity as it has only direction and no magnitude
Strength- the quality or state of being strong : capacity for exertion or endurance. : power to
resist force : solidity, toughness. 3. : power of resisting attack : impregnability.
Power- Power is the ability to overcome resistance in the shortest period of time leading to
the ability to produce higher velocities against a given load. The neurological adaptations
are higher firing frequency and a stronger activation of the high threshold motor units.
Agility- Agility is one of the performance-related component of physical fitness. It is defined as “a
rapid whole-body movement with change of velocity or direction in response to a
stimulus” by Shepperd and Young, 2005. Agility has both movement and reactive elements.

Flexibility- Flexibility is the ability of a joint or series of joints to move through an

unrestricted, pain free range of motion. Although flexibility varies widely from person to
person, minimum ranges are necessary for maintaining joint and total body health.
Balance- Balance is the ability to control your body's position, whether stationary (i.e. a
complex yoga pose) or while moving (e.g. skiing). Balance is a key component of fitness,
along with strength, endurance, and flexibility. There are various ways to perform balance
exercises.
Coordination- Coordination is the ability to select the right muscle at the right time with
proper intensity to achieve proper action. Coordinated movement is characterized by
appropriate speed, distance, direction, timing and muscular tension.
Standing Broad Jump- The standing long jump is also known as the standing broad jump. It's a
two footed horizontal jump from a standing position. The long jump is a field event in
athletics that combines speed, strength and agility.
Push Up- a conditioning exercise performed in a prone position by raising and lowering the body
with the straightening and bending of the arms while keeping the back straight and supporting
the body on the hands and toes.
Sit up- Situps are classic abdominal exercises done by lying on your back and lifting your
torso. They use your body weight to strengthen and tone the core-stabilizing abdominal
muscles.
Stepping up and down- Step up using your strongest leg, making sure your whole foot is on the
step if possible. Push upwards and forwards from the lower foot, bringing it onto the step beside
the leading foot. On the way down, lead with your weaker leg.
Bend Stretch - This exercise strengthens your back and torso muscles. Stand with your
hands on your hips, legs apart, and knees slightly bent. Keeping your upper back straight, bend
forward slowly. You should feel a slight pull below your buttocks.
Kangaroo Jump- Kangoo Jump Rebound Shoes are an amazing and safe approach to cardio
and core muscle work. It saves your joints and improves your endurance for all fitness
activities. It is also a great way to train runners to strengthen and lengthen their stride.
Horse race- There are four primary kinds of horse races, flat racing, steeplechasing, harness
racing, and endurance racing. Flat racing competes over a course without obstacles, while
steeplechasing includes jumps over obstacles, horses pull a cart in harness races, and
endurance races cover extreme distances.
Sports- Sport' means all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised
participation, aim at expressing or improving physical fitness and mental wellbeing, forming
social relationships or obtaining results in competition at all levels.

Gymnastics- gymnastics, the performance of systematic exercises—often with the use of rings, bars, and
other apparatus—either as a competitive sport or to improve strength, agility, coordination, and
physical conditioning.

Aquatics- Aquatics is made up of all sport activities in water (swimming, Water polo, diving and
synchronized swimming) this are events that take place in water and have deferent rules. Swimming: is
based on speed in water, there are deferent events like free style, breast stroke, back stroke and
butterfly.

Plato- Plato is one of the most important Greek philosophers. He founded the Academy in Athens. His
works on philosophy, politics and mathematics were very influential and laid the foundations for Euclid's
systematic approach to mathematics

Aristotle- Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, who made important contributions
to logic, criticism, rhetoric, physics, biology, psychology, mathematics, metaphysics, ethics, and politics.
He was a student of Plato for twenty years but is famous for rejecting Plato's theory of forms.

Galileo- Galileo pioneered the use of the telescope for observing the night sky. His discoveries
undermined traditional ideas about a perfect and unchanging cosmos with the Earth at its centre.

Charles- Darwin's greatest contribution to science is that he completed the Copernican Revolution by
drawing out for biology the notion of nature as a system of matter in motion governed by natural laws.
With Darwin's discovery of natural selection, the origin and adaptations of organisms were brought into
the realm of science

Ear Examination- An ear examination is a thorough check of the ears. It is done to screen for ear
problems, such as hearing loss, ear pain, discharge, lumps, or objects in the ear. An ear examination can
find problems in the ear canal, eardrum, and middle ear.

Vision Test- An eye exam involves a series of tests to evaluate your vision and check for eye diseases.
Your eye doctor is likely to use various instruments, shine bright lights at your eyes and request that you
look through an array of lenses. Each test during an eye exam evaluates a different aspect of your vision
or eye health.

A dental exam is a checkup of your teeth and gums. Most children and adults should get a dental exam
every six months. These exams are important for protecting oral health. Oral health problems can
become serious and painful if not treated promptly.

Medical Test- Medical tests can help detect a condition, determine a diagnosis, plan treatment, check to
see if treatment is working, or monitor the condition over time. A doctor may order these tests as part
of a routine checkup, to check for certain diseases and disorders, or to monitor your health.

Care giver- A caregiver gives care to someone who needs help taking care of themselves. The person
who needs help may be a child, an adult, or an older adult. They may need help because of an injury or
disability. Or they may have a chronic illness such as Alzheimer's disease or cancer. Some caregivers are
informal caregivers.

First Aid- First aid refers to medical attention that is usually administered immediately after the injury
occurs and at the location where it occurred. It often consists of a one-time, short-term treatment and
requires little technology or training to administer.

Otolaryngology- is a medical specialty which is focused on the ears, nose, and throat. It is also called
otolaryngology-head and neck surgery because specialists are trained in both medicine and surgery. An
otolaryngologist is often called an ear, nose, and throat doctor, or an ENT for short.

Otorhinolaryngologist- A doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating diseases of the ear,
nose, and throat.

Otologist- is a highly specialized ear, nose, and throat (ENT) doctor who may be able to find the root of
your problem and recommend procedures to treat your: Content. Complex ear disease. Hearing loss
that could be improved with an implantable hearing device.

Dermatologist- A dermatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in conditions that affect the skin,
hair, and nails.