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Standard Systems Theory PDF
Standard Systems Theory PDF
2.UNITS
Ha hectare
Kg kilogramme
Kn kilonewton
Kw kilowatt
m linear metre
m2 square metre
m3 cubic metre
mm millimetre
No number
t ton
3. Order of items
The work shall be divided into trades and sections of trades in the order as set out in this
standard system.
The order shall be mass, volume, area, length and number
items shall be arranged in their approximate order of value, the cheapest first.
4. Order of dimensions
Horizontal at right angles to the line of sight
Horizontal parallel to the line of sight
Vertical
5.Net measurements.
All work shall be measured net as fixed in position.
All wants shall be deducted.
no allowance shall be made for waste.
6.Fractional quantities.
Quantities shall be rounded off to the nearest whole unit.
Quantities may be given to two decimal places.
7.PROVISIONAL QUANTITIES
Where the quantity of any work cannot be accurately determined during preparation of the
bills of quantities such work shall be described as provisional and subsequently remeasured
8.Provisional sums.
Separate provisional sums shall be given for each class of work
9. Contingencies
Expenditure which cannot be determined during the preparation of the bills shall be given in
the summary at the end of the bills of quantities.
PART TWO
1.EARTHWORKS
1.1 Site clearance.
Digging up and removal of rubbish, debris, vegetation, hedges, shrubs and trees not
exceeding 200mm girth, bush, etc
m2
1.2 Excavations
m3
Bulk excavations,
excavations for trenches
excavations for holes
bulk
trenches
holes
excavations from ground level to not exceeding 1,5m deep and
from ground level to exceeding 1,5m deep
m2
1.4 Dewatering
keffw item
keffsw item
2. Concrete.
Classified according to compressive strength or mix
m3
3. Masonry (Brickwork).
Classified according to material
quality of the masonry unit
the bond and the composition of the mortar
extra over
m2.
4. Waterproofing
No distinction shall be made for horizontal,
vertical,
in hollow walls
under sills
m2