wkdjrKh (Exposure)

 wkdjrKh
 leurdfõ fonEfhda iy ;=kn
a Efhda
 wkdjrK ;%sfldaKh
 wkdjrK l%u
wkdjrKh
PdhdrEmuh jYfhka wkdjrKh f,i ye¢kafjkafka PdhdrEmhla igyka lr .ekSu i|yd wdf,dal ixfõ§
øjHhla wdf,ams; mg,hla fyda fjk;a u;=msglg ke;skï ixfõolhlg wdf,dalh ,nd §uhs' wkdjrKh
hkq hï ixLHd;aul w.hhla Èh yels" ke;skï tys m%udKh ixLHd;aul f,i ñksh yels ldhœhls' wdf,dal
ixfõ§ øjHhlg fyda ixfõolhlg wkdjrKhla §fï § isÿjkafka Yla;s mßj¾;khls' wdf,dal ixfõ§
øjHhlg wkdjrKh §fï § wdf,dal Yla;sh u.ska tu wdf,dal ixfõ§ øjHh u; ridhksl fjkia ùula
we;s ù ta wkqidrfhka PdhdrEm.; lrk ,o o¾Ykh igyka fjhs' kQ;k äðg,a leurdj, olakg ,efnk
ixfõolhlg wkdjrKh §fï § wdf,dal Yla;sh úoHq;a Yla;sh njg mßj¾;kh ù ixfõolh u; úoHq;a
ms<sìUqjla ckkh lrhs' bka wk;=rej tu úoHq;a ms<sìUqj mß.Kl f.dkqjla f,i igyka lr .ekSu isÿ
fõ' idïm%odhsl mg, leurdjl fyda kQ;k äðg,a leurdjl fyda fuu l%shdoduh ksis mßÈ isÿ ùug kï"
mg,hg fyda ixfõolhg fokq ,nk wkdjrKh kshï; iSudjka ;=< ;sìh hq;= fõ'

wkdjrKfhys fjkiaùu wkqj ,efnk m%;sM,

leurdfõ fonEfhda iy ;=kanEfhda

PdhdrEmhla wkdjrKh lsÍfï § tu wkdjrK m%udKh r|d mj;sk idOl ;=kla fõ' tkï leurdfõ ldp
újrfha m%udKh" oajdr fõ.h iy leurdfõ ixfõolfha ixfõ§;djh hs' tu idOl" mj;sk wf,dal
;;a;ajhkag wkqrEm f,i yd Ys,amshdf.a wNsu;h wkqj wjYH mßÈ iSre udre l< yel' idïm%odhsl
ridhksl PdhdrEmlrKh tkï mg, ;dCIKh mej;s wjêfha § Ndú;d jQ leurdj, fuu idOl ;=fkka
wjYH mßÈ iSre udre l< yels jQfha ldp újrfha m%udKh iy oajdr fõ.h hk idOl muKs' mg,fha
ixfõÈ;dj wjYH ´kEu úfgl fjkia lsÍfï yelshdjla tu wjêfha § ;snqfka ke;' th fjkia l< yels
jQfha ;sfnk mg,h .,jd fõ.fhka jeä fyda wvq fjk;a mg,hla leurdjg fh§fuka muKs' mg, Ndú;d
flfrk idïm%odhsl leurdjlska .kq ,nk PdhdrEmhl wkdjrKh flfrys n, mj;ajk tlS idOl fol
ye¢kajqfka zleurdfõ fonEfhdaZ f,i h'

fonE mrmqfrys iy ;=ka nE mrmqfrys idudðlfhda - mg, leurdjla iy kQ;k DSLR leurdjla

äðg,a ;dCIKfha wd.ukh;a iu. idïm%odhsl ridhksl w÷ka iys; mg, fjkqjg úoHq;a ixfõol
Ndú;hg meñKs w;r" tys § isÿ jQ jeo.;a fjkila jQfha tu ixfõolj, ixfõ§;djh" wjYH ´kEu
úfgl § iSre udre lsÍfï myiqlu ,eîuhs' fï wkqj w;S;fha § Ndú;d jQ idïm%odhsl mg, leurd
mjq,aj, isá fonEhka fjkqjg w¿;ska ìys jQ äðg,a mrïmrdfõ leurd mjq,aj," tlsfkld yd iu. lrg
lr isáñka wkdjrKh flfrys odhl;ajh ±laùug iu;a nEhka ;sfofkla u isá;s' tfia w¿;ska tla jQ
nEhd jkafka ixfõolfha ixfõÈ;dj fyj;a whs'tia'´' w.h iSre udre lsÍfï myiqluhs'
úfYaIfhka i|yka l< hq;= lreKla jkafka fulS nEhka ;sfok" fjka fjka yd iduQysl f,i PdhdrEmj,
wkdjrKh flfrys odhl jk w;ru" tu PdhdrEmj, fjk;a pß; ,CIK flfrys o ish wdêm;Hh

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m;=rjk njhs' ta wkqj ldp újrfha m%udKh fyj;a f wxlh" wkdjrKhg wu;rj PdhdrEmfha fCIa;% .eUqr
flfrys o n, mj;ajhs' tfiau oajdr fõ.h" wkdjrKh flfrys fukau PdhdrEm.; lrk wruqfKys p,k
wúYo;dj flfrys o n, mEï we;s lrhs' fumßÈu whs'tia'´'w.h" wkdjrKhg wu;rj rEmfha ;shqKq nj
flfrys o iDcq odhl;ajhla orhs'

ldp újr w.h wkqj PdhdrEmhl fCIa;% .eUqr fjkiaùu

p,k wúYo;djh iys; wruqKq ±lafjk PdhdrEmhla

ISO w.h by< hdu;a iu. rEm f>daIdj jeä ùu

l¿ iqÿ PdhdrEmj, lKsld iajNdjh

wkdjrK ;%sfldaKh
by; lS idOl ;=k tlaj .;a l, tajd u.ska wkdjrKh flfrys ,nd fok odhl;ajh fukau" tla tla
idOlh u.ska we;s lrk wfkla oDIH ,CIK meyeÈ,s f,i yd ir,j yqjd ±laùfï l%uhla f,i zwkdjrK
;%sfldaKhZ kñka jk ixl,amhla PdhdrEm Ys,amfha § Ndú;d fõ' tla tla idOlfha m%udKh ixLHd;aul
f,i wvq jeä jk úg ta u.ska wkdjrKh flfrys fukau wfkl=;a PdhdrEmuh pß; ,CIK flfrys o we;s
lrk n,mEï wkdjrK ;%sfldaKh u.ska ta wkqj meyeÈ,s j ±laúh yel'

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wkdjrK ;%sfldaKhl wdo¾Y igykla fï iu. we;s rEm igyfka ±la fõ' ldp újrfha m%udKh
PdhdrEmfha wkdjrKh
rKh wvq jeä lsÍug fya;=jk w;r újrfha m%udKh l=vd ùu;a iu. fCIa;% .eUqr jeä
jk nj ;%sfldaKfha Aperture hkqfjka kï fldg we;s mdofha fmkajd we;' Shutter Speed f,iska kï fldg
we;s mdofha oajdr fõ.h jeä jk úg PdhdrEmfha p,k wúYo;dj wvq jk wdldrh o fmkajd we;' wfkla
wkdjrK idOlh jk ISO w.h jeä jk úg rEm f>daIdj kñka y÷kajk PdhdrEmfha fkdmeyeÈ,s nj jeä
jk wdldrh o ±la fõ' ridhksl mg,j, o mg, fõ.h jeä jk úg lKsld iajNdjh jNdjh kñka y÷kajkq ,nk
fkdmeyeÈ,s .;sh jeä jk w;r" th äðg,a leurdj, rEm f>daIdjg wkqrEm fõ'

wkdjrK ;%sfldaKh
PdhdrEmhl wkdjrKh flfrys iDcqju odhl jk by; i|yka l< idOl ;%s;ajfhau iïu; w.hhka
ms<n|j ie,lSfï § fmkS hk lreKla kï tu iïu; w.hhka fol hk ixLHdfjys ixLHdf .=Kdldrhka f,i
fjkia jk njhs' fjk;a wkaoulska lshkafka kï fï yeu idOlhlu tla w.hhl isg hdno wks;a w.hhg
hk úg tu w.h uq,a m%udKh fuka fo.=Khla fyda wvla jk njhs' ta wkqj hï idOlhla tla w.hhl isg
hdno w.hhg fjkia jk úg wkdjrKh uq,a m%udKh fuka wvla fyda fo.=Khla fõ' by; lS idOlj,
iïu; wxl rgdjka f;dard f.k we;af;a tu iïnkaO;djh mj;sk mßÈ h' by; lS idOl u.ska md,kh
jk fCIa;% .eUqr" p,k wúYo;dj iy rEm f>daIdj hk PdhdrEmuh pß; ,CIK wjYH mßÈ md,kh
lsÍfï § wkdjrKh wod, iSudjka ;=< mj;ajd .ekSfï § fuu .Ks;uh iïnka
ïnkaO;djh jeo.;a fõ'
wkdjrK l%u
kQ;k äðg,a leurdjla
jla Ndú;d fldg PdhdrEm wkdjrKh lsÍfï § leurdfõ imhd we;s iqúfYaI
myiqlula jk úúO wkdjrK úê l%u Ndú;d l< yels h' äðg,a leurdj, muKla fkdj mg, leurd
b;sydifha wjidk Nd.fha § fj<| | fmd,g meñKs iajhxl%Sh iy l%uf,aL.; mg, leurdj,o tu myiqlï
wvq jeä jYfhka olakg ;snqKs' wjYH wkdjrK l%uh f;dard .ekSu ta i|yd imhd we;s wlajghla kshñ;
msysàug ilia lsÍfuka l< yel' kùk leurdj, olakg yels tjeks wlajghla my; rEmfha fmkajd we;'

wkdjrK l%u f;dard .ekSu i|yd jk wlajghla

kùk leurdj, olakg yels tu wkdjrK l%u ms<sn|j ±ka úuid n,uq'
 mQ¾K Y%udhsl wkdjrK md,kh (M)
äðg,a leurdjl ixfõolh lsishï ISO w.hlg ilia lsÍfuka miq fyda tfia;a ke;akï mg, leurdjlg
hï ISO fõ.hla iys; mg,hla únr lsÍfuka miq PdhdrEm i|yd wkdjrKh §fï § fhdod .; yels
uQ,slu l%ufõoh jkafka mQ¾K Y%udhsl wkdjrK md,k l%uhhs' fuys § mj;sk wdf,dal ;;a;ajhg .e,fmk
mßÈ leurdfõ ldp újr w.h iy oajdr fõ.h Ys,amshd úiska ilia l< hq;= fõ' mj;sk lsishï wdf,dal
;;a;ajhlg wkqrEm jk mßÈ fhÈh yels ldp újr$oajdr fõ. ixl,khka .Kkdjlau mj;sk w;r
Ys,amshdf.a wjYH;djh wkqj tajdhska tla ixl,khla f;dard .; yels fõ'
 ldp újr m%uqL;d wkdjrK md,kh (A)
fuu wkdjrK l%ufha oS Ys,amshd úiska ;ukag wjYH ldp újr w.h f;dardf.k wod, ilia lsÍu l< hq;=
w;r mj;sk wdf,dal ;;a;ajh wkqj" kshñ; wkdjrKh ,nd §u i|yd wjYH jk oajdr fõ.h iajhxl%Shj
leurdj úiska ilia lrkq ,nhs' N+ñ o¾Yk PdhdrEmhla .ekSfï § Wmßu fCIa;% .eUqrla mj;ajd .ekSu
i|yd l=vd ldp újrhla fhdod .ekSu wjYH jk nj Tn okakd lreKls' fï w;r we;eï PdhdrEm i|yd
wju fCIa;% .eUqrla ;sîu wjYH fõ' wdf,aLH PdhdrEm .ekSfï § m%Odk wruqK biau;= fldg fmkaùu i|yd
fufia wju fCIa;% .eUqrla mj;ajd .ekSu wjYH fõ' tlS wjia:djkays § fCIa;% .eUqr wjYH mßÈ md,kh
lsÍu i|yd wjYH ldp újr w.h Ys,amshdg ilia l< yels jk w;r ksjerÈ wkdjrKh ,nd §u i|yd Bg
wkqrEm oajdr fõ.h leurdj úiska ilia lrkq ,nhs' flfia jqjo fuys § ie<lsh hq;= ;j;a lreKla we;'
Ys,amshd úiska wjYH ldp újr w.h fh§fuka miq" mj;sk wdf,dal ;;a;ajhg wkqj leurdj úiska b;du;a
wvq oajdr fõ.hla f;dard .ekSug bv we;s w;r tjeks wjia:djl § leurdfõ iq¿ fi,ùula jqjo ie<lsh
hq;= mßÈ iuia; PdhdrEmfha meyeÈ,s nj kid ±óug fya;= úh yel' tjeks wjia:djl § ;%smdo mSGhla
Ndú;d lsÍu fyda ixfõolfha ISO w.h jeä lsÍu l< hq;= fõ'

Wmßu fCIa;% .eUqr iys; PdhdrEmhla

wvq fCIa;% .eUqrla iys;j .kakd ,o PdhdrEmhla

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 q ;d wkdjrK md,kh (S)
oajdr fõ. m%uL
l%Svd ;r. iy fudag¾ r: Odjk ;r. jeks wjia:djkays § fõ.fhka p,kh jk wruqKq wjYH pß; ,CIK
iys;j PdhdrEm.; lsÍfï § m%uqL;dj ,nd Èh hq;= jkafka oajdr fõ.hghs' we;eï úg Tng wruqfKys
p,k iajNdjh PdhdrEmh u; fmkaùu wjYH úh yel' fkd tfia kï p,kh kj;ajd fmkaùu wjYH úh
yel' fuu wjia:djka foflfys§ u wjYH m%;sM,h ,nd .ekSu i|yd Tng oajdr fõ.h ks¾udKd;aul f,i
fhdod .; yel' ksYap, PdhdrEmhl
PdhdrEmhlaa u; p,kh fmkaúh yelafla wvq oajdr fõ.hla fhdod .ekSfuks'
.,d yef,k Èh we,a,la PdhdrEm.; lsÍfï § by< oajdr fõ.hla fhÿjfyd;a Èh we,af,a .,d yef,k
iajrEmh Tng PdhdrEmh u; fmkaúh fkdyels jkq we;' Èh we,af,ys c,h ìxÿ jYfhka ñ§ .sh
wdldrhlska igyka fõ' ta u.ska Èh we,af,a Ôjudk iajNdjh ke;aj hkq we;' fuys§ wvq oajdr fõ.hla
fhÿjfyd;a Èh we,af,a .,d yef,k c,fha p,k iajNdjh Tng ksYap, PdhdrEmh u; ks¾udKd;aul f,i
fmkaúh yels fõ' fï iu. we;s Èh we,a,l PdhdrEm
Pdh hq.,h n,kak' fuys § i|yka l< hq;= jeo.;a
lreKla jkafka wvq oajdr fõ. Ndú;d lsÍfï § leurdj fi,ùu ksid iuia; PdhdrEmhu fkdmeyeÈ,s úh
yels ksid tjeks wjia:dj, § leurdj ;%smdo mSGhla u; fkdfi,afjk fia msyg s qjd PdhdrEm .ekSu l< hq;=
njhs' Èh we,af,a PdhdrEmm hq.,h igyka lr .ekSfï § fojk PdhdrEmh i|yd wksjdhœfhkau ;%smdo
mSGhla Ndú;d lrkakg we;' tys oajdr fõ.h ;;amr 4 la f,i i|ykaj we;s ksid h' tu oajdr fõ.h
f;dard .ekSu ksid wkdjrK m%udKh ksis mßÈ l<ukdlrKh lr .ekSu msKi s ldp újrfha m%udKh ;j
ÿrg;a l=vd lsÍu wjYH jqj;a" m%dfhda.l
s j tfia l< fkdyels ùu ksid ^fCIa;% .eUqr ksh;j mj;ajd .ekSu
i|yd& ixfõolfha ISO w.h uq,a wjia:dfõ mej;s ISO 400 l w.h fjkqjg ISO 1 la olajd wvq lr we;s
nj fmfka' fujekakla l< yelafla ISO w.h iSre udre l< yels äðg,a leurdjla Ndú;d lrkafka kï
muKs' mg, leurdj, isá fonEhka fujeks wjia:djlg uqyqK fokakg we;af;a flfia± hs Tng is;d .;
yels o@

ISO 400, f 11, 1/125 s

ISO 1, f 11, 4 s

Èh we,a,l .kakd ,o PdhdrEm hq.,hla

hï wruqKl p,kh kj;ajd" ksfïY ld,hla ;=< mj;sk" tfy;a wfma mshú weiska ±l .; fkdyels oiqkla
PdhdrEmh u; fmkaùu o oajdr fõ.h ksis mßÈ f;dard .ekSu u.ska isÿ l< yel' my; we;s ldka;djlf.a
rej ±lafjk PdhdrEmh Bg ksoiqkls' b;d by< oajdr fõ.hla fh§u ksid ldka;djf.a p,k iajNdjh
ksYp
a , ù we;' wkdjrKh wjYH mßÈ mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd fuys § úYd, ldp újrhla Ndú;d lr we;s
w;r fCIa;% .eUqr wvq ù miqìu fkdmeyeÈ,s ù we;af;a ta ksid h'

p,kh keje;aùu i|yd by< oajdr fõ.hla fhdod .kakd ,o PdhdrEmhla

kùk äðsg,a leurdj, ^iy we;eï mg, leurdj, o& imhd we;s oajdr fõ. m%uqL;d wkdjrK md,k l%uh
fujeks wjia:djkays § Ndú;d l< yel' Ys,amshd úiska wjYH oajdr fõ.h ilia l< miq leurdj úiska Bg
wkqrEm ldp újr w.h fhdokq we;' flfia jqj o we;eï úg leurdfõ imhd we;s úYd,u ldp újrh jqj
o Bg m%udKj;a fkdjk wjia:djka ;sìh yel' tys § ISO w.h wjYH mßÈ jeä lsÍu wjYH jkq we;'
 l%uf,aL.; wkdjrK md,kh (P)
fuu wkdjrK l%ufha § ilia lr we;s ISO w.h iy mj;sk wdf,dal ;;a;ajh wkqj leurdj úiska ldp
újr$ oajdr fõ. ixl,khla fhdokq ,nk w;r" Ys,amshdf.a wjYH;djh mßÈ ldp újr w.h fyda oajdr
fõ.h fjkia l< yel' lsishï idOlhla tfia fjkia lrkq ,enQ úg wkdjrK m%udKfha fjkila fkdjk
mßÈ leurdj úiska wfkla idOlh fjkia lrkq ,nhs' WodyrKhla f,i fhdod we;s ISO w.h iy mj;sk
wdf,dal ;;a;ajh wkqj f 8 iy ;;amr 1$250 hk ldp újr$ oajdr fõ. ixl,kh leurdj úiska fhdok
s & ldp újr w.h f 16 olajd
,oafoa hhs o" Ys,amshdf.a wjYH;djh wkqj ^jeä fCIa;% .eUqrla ,nd .ekSu msKi
fjkia lrk ,oafoa kï" wkdjrK m%udKfha fjkila fkdjkq i|yd oajdr fõ.h ;;amr 1$60 f,i leurdj
úiska iajhxl%Shj ilia lrkq ,nhs' fuf,iskau oajdr fõ.h Ys,amshd úiska fjkia l<fyd;a leurdj úiska
ldp újr w.h Bg wkqrEm m%udKhlska fjkia lrkq ,nhs' tfiau ISO w.hfhys fjkila isÿ l<fyd;a tu
fjkig wkqrEmj oajdr fõ.h fyda ldp újr w.h fjkia lrkq ,nhs' fuu fh§ï iy fjkialï leurdj
úiska isÿ lrkq ,nkafka th l%uf,aL.; lr we;s wdldrhg h'
l%uf,aL.; wkdjrK md,kfha § ldp újr w.h" oajdr fõ.h" ISO w.h fukau Yafõ; ;=,kh o Ys,amshdg
wjYH mßÈ ilia l< yel'
 mQ¾K iajhxl%Sh wkdjrK md,kh (Auto)
mQ¾K iajhxl%Sh wkdjrK md,k l%uhg leurdj ilia lr we;s úg lsisÿ wkdjrK idOlhla ^Yafõ;
;=,kh o we;=¿j& Ys,amshdg fjkia l< fkdyels fõ' leurdj ksIm
a dok wjia:dfõ § Bg wvx.= lrkq ,enQ
fufyhqï Wmfoiaj,g wkqj leurdj l%shd;aul fõ'
mQ¾K iajhxl%Sh wkdjrK md,k l%uh uq,a jrg leurdjla mßyrKh lrk wdOqkslhska i|yd úfYaIfhka
iqÿiq fõ' leurdj wruqK fj; udkkh lsÍu iy th l%shd;aul lsÍu muKla fuys § wjYH fõ' wdOqkslhska
muKla fkdj jD;a;Sh uÜgfï Ys,amSkag o ldhœ nyq, we;eï wjia:dj, § fuu wkdjrK md,k l%uh
m%fhdackj;a úh yel'
kQ;k äðg,a leurdj, olakg ,efnk úúO wkdjrK l%u ixfla;j;a lrk i<l=Kq ms<sn|j;a wms ±ka
uola úuid n,uq' tla tla i<l=K ms<sn|j flá ye¢kaùula fuys my; olajd we;'

fuu i<l=fKka ±lafjkafka wdf,aLH PdhdrEm i|yd jk wkdjrK l%ufõohhs' Tn

±kgu;a okakd mßÈ" wdf,aLH PdhdrEmj, miqìu fkdmeyeÈ,s njg m;a lsÍu u.ska m%odk
wruqK biau;= fldg ±laúh yels fõ' ta wkqj fuu wkdjrK l%uh f;dard.;aúg úYd, ldp

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 újrhla iu. mj;akd wdf,dal ;;a;ajhg yd ISO fõ.hg iß,k mßÈ oajdr fõ.hla
leurdj úiska fhdokq ,nhs'

fuu i<l=K ksfhdackh lrkafka N+ñ o¾Yk PdhdrEm fõ' N+ñ o¾Yk PdhdrEmj, § jeä
fCIa;% .eUqrla wjYH jk w;r ta wkqj l=vd ldp újrhla Bg wkqrEmj oajdr fõ.h fhdokq
,nhs'

l%Svd ;r." fudag¾ r: Odjk ;r. jeks fõ.j;a p,k iys; wjia:djka PdhdrEm.; lsÍfï
§ wruqKjq , p,kh kj;ajd rEm igyka lr .ekSu wjYH fõ' fuu wkdjrK l%uh f;dard
.;a úg mj;akd wdf,dal ;;a;ajh wkqj Wmßu oajdr fõ.hla iy Bg wkqrEm ldp újrhla
,nd § PdhdrEm .; lsÍu lrkq ,nhs' we;eï úg ISO fõ.h o fuys § iqÿiq mßÈ fjkia
lrkq ,eìh yel'

rd;%s o¾Yk PdhdrEm .; lsÍfï § fuu wkdjrK l%ufõoh f;dard .ekSu iqÿiq h' mj;sk
wvq wdf,dal ;;a;ajhg iß,k fia;a" tfiau rd;%s o¾Ykhl mj;akd pß; ,CIKj,g
ydkshla fkdjk fia;a" iqÿiq ISO w.hhla iu. ldp újr$ oajdr fõ. ixl,khla fhdod
PdhdrEm .; lsÍu fuys § isÿ fõ'

´kEu leurdjl idudkH ;;a;ajhka hgf;a kdNs.; l< yels wju ÿr mrdihla mj;S' tu
ÿrg jvd uE;ska msysá wruqKq kdNs.; l< fkdyels h' tfy;a ióm rEm PdhdrEmlrKfha §
iy CIqø PdhdrEmlrKfha § tjeks ióm wruqKq kdNs.; lr .ekSu wjYH fõ' leurdj
fuu msysàug ilia l< úg ta wkaoñka ióm wruqKq kdNs.; l< yels fõ'

úoHq;a CIKsldf,dal iu. wruqKq PdhdrEm .; lsÍfï § Bg .e,fmk mßÈ leurd oajdrh
iy wfkl=;a Wmdx. yeisrúh hq;= fõ' fuu i<l=fKka ±lafjk msysàug leurdj iqir
lrkq ,enQ úg tu ldhœh ukd f,i isÿ fõ'

óg by; oajdr fõ. m%uqL;d wkdjrKh kñka úia;r lrk ,o wkdjrK l%ufha ixfla;h
(S) lekka j¾.fha leurdj, olajd we;af;a TV hk wdldrhg h' tys woyi Time Value
hkakhs'

tmßÈu ldp úr m%uqL;d wkdjrK l%ufõoh lekka j¾.fha leurdj, olajd we;af;a fuu
AV i<l=fKks' th fhdod we;af;a Aperture Value hkak ixfla;j;a lsÍug h'

fï ish¿ lreKq ldrKd w;r i|yka l< hq;= jeo.;a lreKla jkafka by; lS wkdjrK úê l%u leurdjl
imhd ;snQ ;rñka iy Tn tajd Ndú;d l< ;rñka u wjYH m%;sM, Tng ,nd .; yels fõhhs mejish
fkdyels njhs' Tfí leurdfõ yeisÍu wOHhkh lsÍu iy Bg wkqrEmj wjYH mßÈ th fufyhùu wjYH
fõ'

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