GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE,

DAMAN

INTERNSHIP REPORT

A REPORT PRESENTED FOR DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

SHAIKH MD HARIS

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING

2022-23
 A REPORT ON

SUMMER INTERNSHIP

IDEAL TECHNOLOGIES

Submitted By

Shaikh Md Haris
191420109019
To

GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, DAMAN

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BECHELOR OF ENGINEERING

In

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, DAMAN

Varkund, Mota Faliya, Nani Daman

Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad

 Government Engineering College, Daman
Varkund, Mota Faliya, Nani Daman

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report submitted along with the project entitled Summer
Internship at Pvt Ltd has been carried out by Shaikh Md Haris under my guidance in
partial fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical, 8 th Semester of
Gujarat Technological University, Ahmadabad during the academic year 2022-23.

Mrs. T Sindhu Dr. Avinash R. Chaudhari

Principal
Internal Guide Government Engineering
Collage, Daman
 GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLAGE
Varkund, Mota Faliya, Nani Daman

DECLARATION
We hereby declare that the Summer Internship submitted along with the Internship entitled

Internship Report submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering

in Electrical to Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, is a bonafide record of original

project work carried out by me at under the supervision of Mrs.T Sindhu and that no part of

this report has been directly copied from any students’ reports or taken from any other

source, without providing due reference.

Shaikh Md Haris
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First I would like to thanks MIS. PIRITI HR, Head of IDEAL TECHNOLOGIES,
VAPI for giving me the opportunity to do an internship within the organization.

I also would like all the people that worked along with me IDEAL
TECHNOLOGIES,VAPI with their patience and openness they created an enjoyable working
environment.

It is indeed with a great sense of pleasure and immense sense of gratitude that I
acknowledge the help of these individuals.

I am highly indebted to Mrs. Sahu Neha V and Principal Dr Avinash R Chaudhari for
the facilities provided to accomplish this internship.

I would like to thank my Head of the Department Ms. Dipika Damania for his
constructive criticism throughout my internship.

I am extremely great full to my department staff members and friends who helped me
in successful completion of this internship.

SHAIKH MD HARIS
191420109019

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 ABSTRACT

This report describes the basic concepts of the design ,process ,assembly and testing of
electrical LT and HT panel here are the complete details about the LT and HT panel and its
type.

Industrial training offered by public work department was fortunate opportunity for me
during fourth year of under graduation help me to apply my theoretical knowledge growned
the university academic program into read work .in this report also discussed the basic
information fabrication ,bus bar fabrication ,wiring of LT and HT panel ,QC tasting
equipment.

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 List of Figures

Fig 1 Company Logo ............................................................................................................

Fig 2 Rocker...........................................................................................................................
Fig 3 Housing.........................................................................................................................
Fig Contactor..........................................................................................................................
Fig Plunger..............................................................................................................................
Fig Spark Shield.....................................................................................................................
Fig Wire..................................................................................................................................
Fig Wire Color Coding.............................................................................................................
Fig Cable ....................................................................................................................................
Fig Cable Components................................................................................................................

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 Table Of Contents

Acknowledgement ...........................................................................................................
Abstract ...........................................................................................................................
List Of Figures ................................................................................................................
Table Of Contents ...........................................................................................................
Chapter 1 About Greatwhite Electricals...........................................................
Chapter 2 Switch ...........................................................................................................
2.1 Introductin Of Switch ............................................................................................
2.2 Classification Of Switch.........................................................................................
2.3 Components Of Switch...........................................................................................
2.3.1 Metal Components..........................................................................................
2.3.2 Plastic Components ........................................................................................
2.3.3 About Components ........................................................................................
2.4 Test Performance On Switch...................................................................................
2.5 Materials Used In Switch........................................................................................
2.6 Application Of Switch............................................................................................
2.7 Company Production Of Different Types Of Switches..........................................
Chapter 3 Wire And Cable ..........................................................................................
3.1 Wire ........................................................................................................................
3.1.1 Wire Color-Coding...........................................................................................
3.2 CABLE ..................................................................................................................
3.2.1 Components Of An Electrical Cable ................................................................
3.2.2 Properties Of Electrical Cable..........................................................................
3.2.3 General Application Of Electrical Cable..........................................................
3.3 Difference Between Wire And Cable.....................................................................
Conclusion......................................................................................................................
References ......................................................................................................................

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 Ideal Technologies

CHAPTER :- 1

ABOUT IDEAL TECHNOLOGIES

Ideal Technologies is certified manufacturing company of Electricals Control Panel
,Distribution Board ,MCC ,PCC ,Local control station ,Junction Box ,APFC Panel, AHF Panel
,DG Synchronizing Panel ,PLC panel ,Control Desk Panel ,VFD Panel ,HT Panel, HT Load
Break Switch Panel, control Relay Panel ,Fire Panel ,outdoor feeder Pillar, Bus duct etc.

Ideal Technologies is a fast growing company in electrical field ,full facility fir testing various
types of Distribution Boards Welded and Bolted type .A professionally managed team, in-
house manufacturing and testing facilities.

Figure 1 COMPANY LOGO

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 CNC Punching/Bending

CHAPTER-2
2.1 CNC PUNCHING (Computer Numerically Controlled Punching Machine )

Figure 2 CNC PUNCHING

• CNC Punch Presses are electromechanical devices that move tools and generate
patterns from a software file using computer programming inputs.
• These machines are available with a single head and tool rail or a multi – tool turrent.
• Fully automated operation.

2.2 CNC BENDING ( Computer Numerically

Controlled Bending machine )

• The CNC bending is a manufacturing process that

is carried out by CNC press brakes.
• These machines can bend sheet metal work from
just a few mm across to sections many meters long
on the largest industrial machines.

Figure 3 CNC BANDING

2.3 FABRICATION COATING
• Fabrication is the process of constructing products by combining typically standardized
parts using one or more individual processes.

Figure 4 FABRICATION

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 CNC Punching/Bending

2.4 POWDER COATING

• Powder coating is a type of coating that is applied as a free flowing ,dry powder.
• Powder coating is a dry coating process
used as a metal finish mostly on industrial
equipment.
• Powder coating is applied as dry powder
through an electrostatic process, then
cured with heat.
• It is well known for provides high quality
finishes in terms of both functionality and
overall look.
• Example .RAL 7035 ( light grey color)
Figure 5 POWER COATING

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 Busbar Fabricating Machine

CHAPTER :- 3

3.1 BUSBAR FABRICATION MACHINE

• Equipped with multiple hydraulic bus bar

cutting, punching and bending machine.
• Unique designing for proper conductivity and
heat dissipation.

BUSBAR CUTTING
Figure 6 BUSBAR FABRICATION MACHINE

Figure 7 BUSBAR CUTTING

BUSBAR PUNCHING

Figure 8 BUSBAR PUNCHING

BUSBAR BANDING

Figure 9BUSBAR BANDING

BUSBAR FITTING

Figure 10 BUSBAR FITTING

CHAPTER-4

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 Wiring

CHAPTER 4

4.1 WIRING
The wiring is the most important part of the panel because the control of the panel and
power transmission is also done through wire .the control wiring is usually done with 2.5
Sq.mm copper wire or the 1.5 Sq.mm copper wire .we have to draw the wire as per the
designed diagram in the panel and select the wire as specified by the designer .cable the will
use for making a bunch of wiring.
Given points are consider during wiring
• Select the type of wire and gauge of wire as per requirement. RED,YELLOW,
BLUE colors are considered for power wiring and GRAY color for control wiring.
• Measurement for wiring and cut the wire as per measurement.
• Fix the lug and ferrule on wire for wire indication.

Company Standards And Procedures

Figure 11 COLOR CODING

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 Types of Panels

CHAPTER-5

5.1 TYPE OF PANEL

1. LT PANEL (LOW TENSION PANEL)
2.HT PANEL ( HIGH TENSION PANEL)

5.2 LT PANEL TYPES

5.2.1 PCC PANEL (Power Control Center Panel)
PCC panel stand for Power Control Center also known as
Main power Panel , the Power Control Center Panel works
by combine circuits from several places into a single
central hub . this enables access to the whole electrical
connection of a grid ,industry from a single place.

Figure 12 PCC PANEL

5.2.2 MCC PANEL (Motor Control

Center Panel)

In many commercial and industrial

application ,quite a few electric motors are
required, and it is often desirable to control
some or all of the motors from a central
location .the apparatus designed for this
function is the motor control center(MCC).

Figure 13 MCC PANEL

5.2.3 PMCC PANEL ( Power Cum Motor

Control Center Panel)
Power cum Motor control Center panels are
combination of Motor Control Center-MCC and
Power Control Center-PCC panel.
The MCC Panels are used in industrial and
commercial applications for connecting the
individual motors for manually, remotely or
automatically starting, stopping selecting forward Figure 14 PMCC PANEL
and reverse rotation, selecting and regulating the
speed, regulating and limiting the torque and
protecting against overload, single phasing, phase imbalance, earth fault, under current, under
/ over voltage, lock rotor current, high winding temperature etc.
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 Types of Panels

The PCC Panels are the most essential part of electrical system of an industry from where the
power of the industry is controlled. PCC Panel is a power distribution board to control the
Electrical power supplied to HT Panels, MCC panels and transformers who play vital role in
all electrical control system.
Power Control Centre is used for distribution and control of various power source used in
industry. Normally Power Control Centers is installed near power source hence fault level
high .

5.2.4 APFC PANEL (Automatic Power Factor Control Panel)

What is Power-Factor?

There are some general terms of electricity

you need to know before you understand
power factor.

Actual Power – It is the power supply that

comes from source to the load and it is able
to do some work. It is denoted by KW.

Reactive Power – It is the power which is

Figure 15 APFC PANEL generated in reaction to some delays in the
voltages and current. However, it doesn’t
account for any kind of work. It is denoted by KVAR Apparent Power – The whole of actual
and apparent power together form ‘Apparent Power’. It is represented by KVA.

Importance of Power-Factor in Electrical Appliances

Various industries, commercial complexes, and other areas use different kinds of electrical
appliances. If the power supply to the concerned equipment is not able to give the substantial
output of work, it means that the appliances are wasting the power usage from the source. So,
the right measurable power factor is lagging. It can lead to – Operational losses, Voltage or
power losses, Higher electricity bills ,Penalties .
Unnecessarily, more power is demanded by such appliances. But the resulted operations are
not evident. Simultaneously, the current bills will rise. The government will impose penalties
for not utilizing the power successfully. Improved or enhanced power factor, therefore,
increases the electrical and electronic equipment performance. Automatic Power Factor
Control Panels – Outstanding Control Systems to Use There are many types of control
panels which manage the power factor. However, automatic power factor control panels are
more reliable and efficient. They are the magnificent control systems to use for various
electric and electronic applications.
As the name suggests, APFC panels control the power-factor automatically. So, there will be
minimum manual interventions. Also, there is no space for any kind of manual errors and
misuses. Technically, APFC panels have capacitor banks, switches, and controllers. All these

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 Types of Panels

elements together control the respective power-factor through microprocessor-based relays.

Different types of APFC panels are designed nowadays to use for customized applications.

Why Use APFC Panels?

There are many reasons to use APFC panels. Some of them are given here. Even under
fluctuating loads, APFC panels ensure a higher consistent power factor.
• They prevent the leading power factor.
• They reduce electricity consumption and minimize current bills and
penalties.
• APFC panels reduce operational losses.
• They can sense and control the load continuously without fail and
delay.
• They are easy to use as every operation is done by automation.

5.2.5 PBD PANEL

Power Distribution Panel are using in applications like
power-distribution, control, ground-fault protection and
monitoring. Apart from this, Power Distribution Panel also
serves as alarm panel for freeze protection, broad
temperature-maintenance and heat-tracing applications.
These Power Distribution Panels are integrated with
ground-fault circuit breakers in an enclosure having
assembled circuit-breaker panel board with or without
alarms contacts.
Furthermore, equipped with the group control package, Figure 16 PBD PANEL
Power Distribution Panels have the capability of
automating operation in conjunction with an ambient-sensing thermostat,
individual electronic or duty cycle controller. The ratio of active power to
apparent power.

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 Types of Panels

5.2.6 DBs PANEL ( Distribution Box Panel)

If you are providing power for a variety of different
components at the same time, using a distribution panel
is probably the best option to consider.You have
probably seen these before – typically they are
represented by a metal panel that opens up to a variety
of on and off switches. This is the control panel where
you can control the power for different components
and locations throughout your business, or wherever
the panel is installed.
Figure 17 DBs Panel
What is a Distribution Panel?
A distribution panel is found in just about any home or professional office building around the
world. To put it simply, a distribution panel is where the main source of electricity is controlled
for a large area such as a live event, warehouse, or office building.

Distribution panels can either be large or small. The amount of circuits depends on the needs
of the location that is being powered. Below, we will cover what distribution panels are and
how they work in greater detail.

Basic Functions of a Distribution Panel

Power Source for A Whole Set of Gear
Breaks Power off into Separate Sources
Safe and Reliable Means to Power Up Large Buildings & Homes

5.2.7 AMF PANEL ( Auto Mains Failure Panel )

AMF Panel can also called be called an
Automatic Transfer Switch

Automatic Mains Failure panels are

installed as part of a automatic generator
installation. The AMF is connected to the
generator set to power control the
operational functions. Once a power cut is
detected, it automatically signals the
generator to start and support the load.
It will also start the generator if it detects
that the mains power fluctuates.
These are ‘out of preset tolerances’
instances, for example power dips. When Figure 18 AMF PANEL
the AMF panel detects that the mains has
failed or is outside of tolerance, it will send
a start signal to the generator to fire up.

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 Types of Panels

Once the generator is ready to accept the load, the motorized switches or contactors within the
AMF panel will switch the building load from mains supply to generator. This all happens
automatically.
When the mains Gird supply is restored, the opposite will happen. The sequence happens in
reverse to place your building off the generator and back onto Grid supply.
The AMF panel will put the building load back on to the mains supply and then stop the
generator , once it has performed its cool down process. The
Generator cool down is usually preset to take 5 minutes. This is called the ‘run on’.

5.2.8 LOCAL CONTROL PANELS AND JUNCTION BOX

Local Control Panels (LCPs) are typically used to
monitor, control and protect instrumentation
systems. We offer LCPs that are easy to maintain
and can be directly mounted on frames or skids.
At CSE Solutions, our engineers have extensive
experience in developing and designing local
control panels.

We use a wide range of enclosures for ATEX Zone

and safe area. The enclosures that we offer are fully
customizable. We manufacture LCPs with
customer-specified sizes, using mild steel, stainless
steel or aluminum.

The junction box is an enclosure used for the Figure 19 CONTROL PANELS AND JUNCTION BOX
interconnection of cables between field devices and
control room. It encloses terminal strips for cable termination. Junction box shall be designed
to suit an environmental condition where the box will be installed and shall have certification
of Ingress Protection code as well as hazardous area protection.

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 Types of Panels

5.3 HT PANELTYPES

5.3.1 LBS PANEL (Load Break Switch)

What is Load Break Switch?
• As the name suggest, it is a switch use to switch voltages from 1000 volts to 33 kilo
volts.
• It is a replacement for 2 pole structure.
• It also provides the protection to the transformer, which 2 pole structure can’t.

Disadvantages for 2 pole structure

• Costlier
• Space Consuming
• Less safety
• No protection to the Transformer
• Switching is cumbersome

Load Break Switch Advantages of Load break switch

• Cheaper as compare to 2 pole structure
• Safer
• Protection provided for transformer (HRC fuses are provided for protection purpose)
• Very easy to switch On & Off the supply

5.3.2 RMU ( Ring Main Unit)

1. Ring Main Unit (RMU) Definition

RMU (Ring Main Unit) cabinet or medium voltage cabinet is integrated electrical equipment
to connect, measure, and integrate fixed type breaker with transformer protection Function.

RMU cabinets are small in size, highly reliable, safe, easy to maintain, easy to replace, and
expand. Depending on requirements, the RMU is available in different voltages suitable for
both indoor and outdoor installations.

Purpose of using RMU

• Circuit control: It controls the circuit to switch functions.
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 Types of Panels

• Isolation: It isolates the faulty equipment from the rest of the circuit

• Protection: It protects the circuit from ground-fault current, short circuits current fault,
and overload.
Compared with medium voltage fuses, the circuit breaker combined with relays will
enhance the ability to protect selectively; Avoid incorrect operation of the transformer's
surge current; Detecting phase-to-phase fault currents and small earth intensity.

RMU electrical cabinets are used with many different applications in the secondary circuit
distribution system, with the function of input switching for transformer stations, integrated
transformer stations, etc., in many fields of business.

Advantages of Ring Main Unit

• Reduce maintenance and spare parts.

• Feature-rich compact design.

• Saving time and money.

• Safety and Performance.

• Intelligence capabilities.

5.3.3 VCB ( VACCUM CIRCUIT BREAKER)

A VCB panel is a type of circuit breaker where the

arc quenching occurs in vacuum environment. .VCB
or Vacuum Circuit Breaker is renowned technology
today and is also known as the most reliable current
interruption technology for medium voltage
switchgears.

Figure 20 VACCUM CIRCUIT BREAKER

Benefits Of Using VCB Panel

A VCB panel is a type of circuit breaker where the arc quenching occurs in vacuum
environment. VCB technology is ideal for medium voltage apps. Users can avail the technology
for higher voltage, but it is not commercially viable. Material used for electricity carrying
contacts is significant as the performance of all VCB panels, including 22 KV VCB panel relies

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 Types of Panels

on it. CuCr is an ideal material used by engineers to produce VCB contacts. However, it is still
in the line of development technology and they are working hard on this developing
technology.

VCB or Vacuum Circuit Breaker is renowned technology today and is also known as the most
reliable current interruption technology for medium voltage switchgears. Unlike other Relay
Control Panel, VCB requires less maintenance.

You can expect longer service life in case you are using VCB over other types of circuit
breakers. Unlike oil circuit breakers, you don’t have to worry about fire mishaps while using
vacuum circuit breakers. Your VCB panel is environmental friendly and userfriendly. There is
no complexity faced by user or engineer while replacing faulty or damaged vacuum interrupter.

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 Secondary Current Injection Kit

CHAPTER-6

6.1 SECONDRY CURRENT INJECTION TEST KIT

Secondary Injection Testing:
1. Only can be done on Electronic breakers
2. Quick and Easier
3. Tests trip unit operation only
4. Less expertise required to run the test
5. Instrument Kit is small and portable

Why is it important to perform secondary injection testing?

The purpose of secondary injection testing is to verify that the correct operation of the
protection scheme from the relay input terminals onwards is functioning correctly with the
settings specified. Secondary protection system consists of auxiliary relays, protective relays,
protection circuits, metering devices, communications and control systems, low-voltage
devices etc.

Secondary injection test comprises not only the testing of protective relays and their tripping
settings, but also verifying all related circuits and gears included in the correct functioning of
the secondary protection system. Secondary injection tests are always done prior to primary
injection test. So that threats associated with the initial testing to the low voltage side of the
device under test is reduced. The primary or high voltage side of the equipment is disconnected,
so that no harm can occur.
It is a crucial test that should be carried out on a trip unit in the course of service. By connecting
secondary injection test sets we can ensure that the trip unit, associated components and its
settings or factory parameters are functioning.

6.2 VARIABLE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER 1

What is a Variable Transformer?

A variable transformer provide a simple, rugged method of

controlling electrical voltage, current and power. It takes in
utility line voltage and provide continuously adjustable output
voltage. When the value of the voltage on the AC line is
incorrect, just a tum of the variable transformer dial operates a
sliding brush that makes it right. The same dial can act
Figure 21 VARIABLE VOLTAGE
like a rheostat to control the speed of motors; cutting TRANSFORMER
input voltage reduces the motor speed. A turn of the

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 Secondary Current Injection Kit

dial converts power line output into the desired voltage. Versatility of the variable
transformer lies in its ability to tap in anywhere from 0 to 100% of the line voltage, plus
another 17% usually available because of a few extra windings in the secondary. Depending
on the frame size, the output current ranges from 1 to 50 A at 120 V or half this amperage at
240V. Added versatility is possible by larger size units. Some single coil variable
transformers are available with output rates low as 0.13 kV A and "ganged" 3-phase variable
transformer units can reach 15 kVA. Most common use, especially with the smaller 500 to
750VA sizes, is to obtain AC voltages different from the normal 120 or 240 V, single or
three-phase supply. The other major use is delivering either standard or test voltages from
lines where voltages fluctuate above or below the normal standard.

HOW DOES A VARIABLE TRANSFORMER WORK?

Variable transformers take in utility line voltage and provides continuously adjustable output
voltage in the range of zero to or above line voltage. Once the equipment is connected, the
voltage can be adjusted by rotating the brush tap.

WHAT ARE THE APPLICATIONS OF A VARIABLE

TRANSFORMER?

The most common application of a variable transformer is to obtain AC voltages different

from the normal 120 or 240 V, single or three-phase supply. It is also common to use variable
transformers to test devices under different voltages or to simulate abnormal line voltages,
controlling incandescent lamp circuits, and operating motors and other electrical equipment at
various voltages.

6.3 LOAD BANK

Load banks are the test device that is used to generate dummy loads for power supplies.
These are a piece of electrical test equipment which is used to: Stimulate electric load. Test
an electrical power source, without connecting it to its normal operating load. The device also
includes instruments for metering, load control and overload protection. Load banks are used
to test the electrical power supplies. They stimulate the electrical load in a way that can be
accurately controlled, measured and recorded. These are used in a variety of applications
which includes, Factory testing of turbines. Battery and UPS system testing Ground power
testing Load optimizing in prime power applications Load rejection tests Data center tests
There are three most common types of load banks available, which include resistive load
bank, inductive load bank and capacitive load banks.

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 Secondary Current Injection Kit

6.4 METEARING TROLLY

What Is a Measuring and Monitoring Relay?

A Measuring and Monitoring Relay is a protective control device.
There are various types of Measuring and Monitoring Relays
depending on what they monitor and output alarm signals for. The
basic functions are to receive input signals, monitor and determine
them, and output an alarm signal if a set value (threshold) is
reached.
Measuring and Monitoring Relays (alarm relays) protect your
important devices and products against unlikely problems (e.g.,
overvoltage and overcurrent faults).
They monitor AC power supplies (voltage and current),
temperatures, and other analog signals and detect abnormalities in
machines and equipment by determining values against alarm
thresholds. Also, an alarm signal can be output from relay contacts Figure 22 METEARING TROLLY
if an input signal goes into an abnormal status to stop the machine
or equipment before it is damaged.

6.5 THREE PHASE ANALYSER

Power Analyzer is the tool used to monitor

the power quality. The rate of transfer of
electricity in an electric circuit is known as
Electric power. Electric power is measured in
watts – joules per second in S.I units. There
are various means to generate power.
The power we utilize in our homes is usually
produced by electric generators and supplied
to homes, industries through the electric
power grid. This task is done by the electric
power industry. Unwanted variation in power
quality could lead to breakdown or cause
damage to sensitive equipment. Hence, it is Figure 23 THREE PHASE ANALYSER
crucial to monitor power quality frequently.
A power analyzer, also known as a power quality analyzer, is the equipment used to monitor
the power quality in devices. Power quality is usually understood as the compatibility between
a power/electric source and load plugged in so that the load could function properly. When
power quality is low the load could get damaged or may malfunction. There are many causes
of poor power quality.
Voltage, frequency of the signal, and waveform are the factors considered to measure power
quality. When the power quantity has a steady supply voltage that stays in prescribed limits,
and its A.C frequency is steady and close to the rated value with a smooth voltage curve, it is
considered as good power quality.
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 Secondary Current Injection Kit

The quality of power may vary due to discontinuity in service, variation in voltage magnitude,
Transient currents, harmonics raising in A.C power. For power quality troubleshooting, the
power analyzer helps in calibrating and eliminating issues such as dips in voltage, swells,
harmonics, unbalance etc...seen in electric power.

6.6 THERMAL IMAGE CAMERA

Thermal images are an easy way to identify apparent

temperature differences in industrial three-phase
electrical circuits, compared to their normal operating
conditions. By inspecting the thermal gradients of all
three phases side-by-side, technicians can quickly
spot performance anomalies on individual legs due to
unbalance or overloading.

Figure 24 THERMAL IMAGE CAMERA

Commonly Inspected Components
Capture thermal images of all electrical panels and other high-load connection points such as
drives, disconnects, and controls. Where you discover higher temperatures, follow that circuit
and examine associated branches and loads.
Check panels and other connections with the covers off. Ideally, you should check electrical
devices when they are fully warmed up and at steady state conditions with at least 40% of the
typical load. This allows measurements to be properly evaluated and compared to normal
operating conditions.
Ohm's law (P=I2R) describes the relationship between current, electrical resistance, and the
power or heat energy generated. We use high electrical resistance for positive results like heat
in a toaster or light in a light bulb.
However sometimes unwanted heat is generated that result in costly damage. Under-sized
conductors, loose connections or excessive current flow may cause abnormally high unwanted
heating that result in dangerously hot electrical circuits. Components can literally become hot
enough to melt.
Thermal cameras enable us to see the heat signatures associated with high electrical resistance
long before the circuit becomes hot enough to cause an outage or explosion. Be aware of two
basic thermal patterns associated with electrical failure: 1) a high resistance caused by poor
surface contact and 2) an over loaded circuit or multiphase imbalance problem.

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 Secondary Current Injection Kit

6.7 POWDER COATING THICKNESS METER

This test is performed using a gloss meter, which shines a light

onto the surface of the part at a fixed angle, then measures the
amount of light reflected off it. If the measurement is out of
tolerance, it may be an indication that the powder coating has
not cured properly.

Figure 25 POWDER COATING

THICKNESS METER
6.8 STORAGE TYPE OSCILLOSCOPES
Digital storage oscilloscope definition is an
electronic device that stores and analyses the
signal in the digital format is known as Digital
Storage Oscilloscope (DSO). When the input
signal is given to the DSO, then it is
processed, stored in the memory, and
displayed on the screen. It stores the signal in
the form of digital data as either 1 Or 0.

The advanced features of the DSO are

triggering, storage and measurement. It can
display the waveform or signal both
numerically and visually. It is often referred to
as the Digital Sampling Oscilloscope. Rather
than using analog techniques, it used Digital
Processing Techniques to capture, analyze,
process, store, and display the signal on the
screen.
Figure 26 STORAGE TYPE OSCILLOSCOPES

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 Secondary Current Injection Kit

• Block Diagram ( Digital Storage Oscilloscope)

Figure 27 BLOCK DIAGRAM

The analog input signal is digitized by the digital storage oscilloscope and is stored in the digital
memory. The Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) is employed to display the stored signal or data in the
memory. As the stored data in the memory is in digital format, the signal is reconstructed into
analog form and displayed on the CRT.
The analog input signal is amplified by the amplifier and its output is digitized by the digitizer
and stored in the memory. The analyzer circuit analyses the digital output and it can be
reconstructed to visualize the final waveform using the Interpolation technique. The output is
displayed on the CRT screen.

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Gujarat Technological University Government Engineering College Daman
 Secondary Current Injection Kit

CONCLUSION

On the whole, this internship was a useful experience. I have new knowledge, skill and Met
many new people. I achieved several of my learning goals. I got inside into Professional
practice.
The internship is also good to find out what my strength and weakness are. This Helped me to
what skill and knowledge I have to improve in coming time. It would be Better at the
knowledge level of the language is sufficient to contribute fully to project.
However I could perform certain tasks better if I practice more. It would also better if I Can
present and express myself more confidently. At last internship has given me a new rights and
motivation to pursue a carrier in industrial background.

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Gujarat Technological University Government Engineering College Daman
 Reference

REFERENCE

• https://images.app.goo.gl/ayNK6TfhVLYFsWQ96
• https://images.app.goo.gl/6UakjQTm364bZPYS9
https://images.app.goo.gl/RCgrwcGgtfPPcQnE6
• https://images.app.goo.gl/JMDGEW3nZUfXWByz9
• IDEAL TECHNOLOGIES Fig. PCC panel, junction box ,CNC punching
machine, CNC bending machine, powder coating, fabrication assembly
,bus bar fabrication machine(cutting, bending ,punching),QC testing
equipment .
• IDEAL TECNOLOGIES DAMAN GANGA INDUSTRIAL PARK,
GATE NO .02, SURVEY NO. 275/1/17, PLOT NO.116 DHARAMPUR
ROAD,DUNGRA , VAPI DIST-VALSAD,GUJARAT-396195

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Gujarat Technological University Government Engineering College Daman