Physical Quantities and Unit

Question Note
Describe what happen if you are riding a skateboard and hit Inertia
something like a curb with the front wheels. A property of matter by which it continues in its existing state of rest or
A. 1st Law uniform motion in a straight line, unless that state is changed by an
B. 2nd Law external force.
C. 3rd Law
The power required to overcome friction and the inertia of the moving
parts
Answer
A. 1st Law
Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/aA_mqSzbkM0 Your body will keep moving forward and fly off your skateboard since
the curb only stops the board not yourself.
Linear and projectiles motion

Question Note
What are the example of linear motion? Linear motion is motion in a straight line. It’s also called 1-D motion,
A. A car driving in a straight road because you are moving in one dimension.
B. A cannonball
C. Water fountain

Answer
A. A car driving in a straight road
Supplementary
https://youtu.be/OUigBEpDh2o
Explanation
A car driving in a straight road is a linear motion because the car is
moving in one dimension.
Newton’s Law of Motion

Question Note
Which of the following is an SI base Unit? These seven units are referred to as the SI Base units; this is the only
A. Current system of measurement that is officially used in almost every country
B. Gram around the world
C. Kelvin
D. Volt
Answer
C. Kelvin
Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/aA_mqSzbkM0 The main SI Units you need to be aware of are: metre (m)

Kilogram(kg)
Second (s)
Ampere (A)
Kelvin (k)
Mol (mol)

Kelvin is the only SI unit listed.

Linear Momentum and its Conservation

Question
Linear momentum is a …
A. Scalar quantity
B. Vector quantity
C. Dimensionless quantity
D. None of the options
Note
Linear momentum is the vector quantity and defined as the product of the
mass of an object, m, and its velocity, v. The letter ‘p’ is applied to
express it and used as momentum for short.

Answer
B. Vector quantity
Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/UBKyWEfDdo4 Linear momentum is vector quantity because it has magnitude as well as
direction.
Elastic and inelastic collisions
Question
What is elastic collision?
A. No net loss in kinetic energy.
B. There is a loss of kinetic energy.
C. Certain loss in kinetic energy.
D. No net loss in magnetic energy.
Answer
A. No net loss in kinetic energy.
Supplementary
https://youtu.be/M2xnGcaaAi4
Note
Collision occurs when two objects come in direct contact. It is the event
in which two or more bodies exert forces on each other in about a
relatively short time. When two bodies collide but there is no loss in
overall kinetic energy.
Explanation
An elastic collision is a collision in which there is no net loss in kinetic
energy in the system due to the collision. Both momentum and kinetic
energy are conserved in an elastic collision.
Thermodynamic of Gases (Heat capacities)

Question Note
Relationship between heat capacity (C) and specific heat capacity Heat capacity of a body = mass of body X specific heat capacity of body
(s) is:
A. C = ms
B. C = m
S
C. C = ms2
D. C = m
S2

Answer
A. C= ms
Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/5we65e7EOcg The formula for specific heat capacity, C, of a substance with mass, m, is
C=Q / (m X AT). Where Q is the energy added and AT is the change in
temperature. The specific heat capacity during different processes, such as
constant volume, Cv and constant pressure, Cp, are related to each other
by the specific heat ratio, &=Cp/Cv, or the gas constant R = Cp – Cv.
Work done by a Gas.

Question Note
In the closed thermodynamic cycle shown in the P-V diagram the When the gas expands against an external pressure, the gas has to transfer
work done by the gas is……… some energy to the surroundings. Thus, the negative work decreases the
overall energy pf the gas. When the gas is compressed, energy is
transferred to the gas so the energy of the gas increases due to positive
work.

A. Positive
B. Zero
C. Negative
Answer
A. Positive
Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/GOrbIqmSvD0 The gas expands at a higher pressure and compresses at a lower pressure. In
general: clockwise = positive work
anticlockwise = negative work
First Law of thermodynamics

Question Note
Which among the following laws is the basis of the first law of
thermodynamics?
A. Law of conservation of mass
B. Law of conservation of energy
C. Law of conservation of work
D. Law of conservation of momentum
Answer
B. Law of conservation of energy

Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/4i1MUWJoI0U The first law of thermodynamics deals with
work done and heat energy supplied or removed from a system.
Therefore, it is based on the conservation of energy. This law says that
energy supplied to a system is conserved.
Isothermal and adiabatic changes

Question Note
Through the process of evaporation and melting, the state or phase An isothermal process occurs in systems that have some means of
of different liquids changes. This is an example of the … regulating the temperature. This process occurs in systems ranging from
A. Adiabatic process highly structured machines to living cells.
B. Isothermal process
C. Isobaric process
D. Isochoric process

Answer
B. Isothermal process
Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/3QMfZZs-Vm0 An isothermal process happens in a systems by regulating the
temperature. The changes in the state in the system of different liquids
through evaporation and melting are examples of an isothermal process.
Chapter 3 Magnetism (Magnetic Field)

Question Note
Which of the following is not likely to cause a magnet to lose Temperature can either strengthen or weaken a magnet’s attractive forces.
strength? Cooling or exposing the magnet to low temperatures will enhance and
A. Heating the magnet strengthen the magnetic properties, while heating will weaken them.
B. Dropping the magnet on the floor
C. Cooling the magnet
D. Striking the magnet with a hammer

Answer
C. Cooling the magnet
Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/RaCSfTN4mCM Magnetism is caused by electrons in a material aligning and causing an
aggregate magnetic field that can exert influence over other things. The
magnetic strength is limited by random fluctuations in the electrons,
making them no longer aligned. If the magnet were to be cooled, the
electrons would have less kinetic energy, and would be less likely to have
random fluctuations. This would make the strength increase.
Electromagnet

Question Note
An electromagnet:
A. Has its own persistent magnetic field
B. Acts as a magnet when an electric current passes through it
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above

Answer
B. Acts as a magnet when an electric current passes through it

Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/79_SF5AZtzo
Electromagnetism

Question Note
Define the terms of magnetism: Force can be determined using Right-hand Rule.

A. The power of attraction present in magnet.

B. Region around the magnet in which its effect can be
experienced.
C. The force with which magnet attracts other magnetic substances.

Answer
A. The power of attraction present in magnet.

Supplementary Explanation
https://youtu.be/79_SF5AZtzo Electromagnetism is a process where a magnetic field is created by
introducing the current in the conductor. When a conductor is electrically
charged it generates magnetic lines. For example, if current i.e., positive
charges move in a wire, it produces the magnetic field along the wire, and
the direction of magnetic lines.
Electromagnetism
Question Note

 Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei

Which process is responsible for production of energy in sun?
come closer enough to form one or more different atomic nuclei and
subatomic particles (neutrons or proton)
A. Nuclear Fission.
 A hydrogen bomb is an immensely powerful bomb whose
B. Nuclear Fusion.
destructive power comes from the rapid release of energy during the
C. Beta Decay.
nuclear fusion of isotopes of hydrogen, using an atom bomb as a
D. Gravitational contraction.
trigger.

Answer For example, sun is nuclear fusion in which smaller nuclei of atoms fused
at very high temperatures and pressure into a larger nucleus
B. Nucleus Fusion.

Supplementary Explanation
 Nuclear fusion in the sun is a type of nuclear reaction in which there
https://youtu.be/ZKHpix5dgAU
is a collision of two or more atomic nuclei at high energy levels.
There is a formation of a new nucleus.
 The sun generates its energy by nuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms
which are subsequently converted into helium.

The specific type of fusion that occurs inside of the sun is known as
proton fusion.
 Electromagnetism
Question Notes
 Radioactivity: Process which the nucleus of an unstable atom
Which of the following particle is emitted by a radioactive element
loses energy by emitting radiation.
during the beta decay?
 There are two forces namely the force of repulsion that is

A. Electron and positron. electrostatic and the powerful forces of attraction of the

B. Electron and proton. nucleus acts in the nucleus. These two forces are considered

C. Electron only. extremely strong in nature.

Answer
A. Electron and positron.

Supplementary Explanation

https://youtu.be/UtZw9jfIxXM  Beta decay: Beta decay occurs in one of the two ways:
- Beta Minus Decay: When the nucleus emits an electron
and an antineutrino in a process that changes a neutron to a
proton.
- Beta Plus Decay: When the nucleus emits a positron and a
neutrino in a process that changes a proton to a neutron.
 Electromagnetism
Question Notes
Atoms with the same element with two different masses are called The nuclei have been classified based on the number of protons
________ (atomic number) or the total number of nucleons (mass number as
follows: -
A. Isobars  Isotopes: The atoms of an element having the same atomic
B. Isotopes number, but a different mass number are called isotopes.
C. Isomers All isotopes have the same chemical properties.
D. Isotones  Isobars: The nuclei which have the same mass number but
different atomic number are called isobars.
Answer
 Isotones: The nuclei having an equal number of neutrons
B. Isotopes
are called isotones.
 Isomers: The two or more compounds having the same
formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the
molecule and different properties are called isomers.
Supplementary Explanation

https://youtu.be/iyCLDHG1PCA  From above it is clear that the atoms of an element having the
same atomic number but a different mass number are called
isotopes.
 All isotopes have the same chemical properties.