UNIVERSITY OF GONDAR

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF CIVIL AND HYDROLICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

HOSTING COMPANY:ASFFAW CHEKOL CONSTRUCTION P.L.C

TITLE: INTERNSHIP REPORT

DURATION: THREE MONTHS

SPREPARED BY: ABIYOT YENEALEM ID NO: 03295/11

NAME OF UNIVERSITY SUPERVISOR: MR .JEMBERU

NAME OF COMPANY SUPREVISOR: MR. SEYID

Date of submission:

Gondar,Ethiopia
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DECLARATION

I declare that this internship report was written and done by Abiyot Yenealem. I am 4 th year civil
engineering student at University of Gondar institute of technology. Hereby declare that this
internship report is submitted by my own and it describes my three months stay in Assfaw chekol
construction plc in Injibara University. I assure that all the materials and pictures used while
compiling thisreport contains actual events and facts that was observed and performed during my
internshippractice program.I approve this by my signature.

AdvisorStudent
Name: - Mr.JEMBERU A Name: ABIYOT YENEALEM
Signature: - ________________ Signature: _________________
Date: - ________________ Date:_________________
Gondear Ethiopia

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Acknowledgement
First of all we would like to thanks the almighty of GOD who gave me the commitment and
tolerance to pass various obstacles while conducting this report and makes me success.
I would like to thank University of Gondar, institute of Technology, and department of Civil
engineering for giving me the opportunity to practice the theoretical skills I had during my stay
at Gondar.
I would like to express my great thanks to Asfaw Chekole building contractor for giving me the
chance to undertake my three-month internship program in their working site at Injibara
University . My heartfelt thanks also go to my site engineers Mr.Seyid for his valuable
advice, guidance, time and unlimited support throughout the attachment. Your enthusiasm to
work, encouragement, and your impressive knowledge made it a pleasure working under your
guidance.
Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to my parents and entire family, for all
unconditional love and untold support you gave me in this time, major sources of inspiration and
encouragement throughout my life.

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Table of Contents
DECLARATION...............................................................................................................................................i
Acknowledgement.......................................................................................................................................ii
Table of Contents........................................................................................................................................iii
List of Figure................................................................................................................................................v
List of Table..................................................................................................................................................v
Abbreviations and Acronyms......................................................................................................................vi
Executive Summary....................................................................................................................................vii
CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................................1
1. GENERAL HOSTING COMPANY PROFILE..............................................................................1
1.2. Brief History of Assfaw Chekol construction building plc................................................................1
1.2.1 Objectives, Missions, and Vision of the Company.....................................................................1
1.3. Main Products or Services of the Company......................................................................................2
1.4. Main Customers of the Company or the End Users of Its Product or Service...................................2
1.5. Overall Organization and Work Flow...............................................................................................2
1.6. Project description............................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER TWO.............................................................................................................................................4
2. OVERALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE..........................................................................................................4
2.1. In Which Section of the Company I have worked............................................................................4
2.2. How does the Work flow in the Section looks like...........................................................................4
2.3. Work task I have been executing......................................................................................................6
2.4. Procedures and methods I have been working while performing my tasks.......................................7
2.5. Challenges I have been facing during my intern period..................................................................17
2.6. Measures I have taken in order to overcome the challenges...........................................................17
CHAPTER THREE........................................................................................................................................18
3. Over all benefit I gained from the internship program..........................................................................18
3.1. Introduction....................................................................................................................................18
3.2. In terms of upgrading theoretical knowledge..................................................................................18
3.3. In terms of improving practical skills.............................................................................................18
3.4. In terms of improving industrial problem-solving capability..........................................................19

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3.5. In term of improving team playing skills........................................................................................19
3.6. In terms of improving leadership skills...........................................................................................20
3.7. In terms of understanding work ethics issues..................................................................................20
3.8. In terms of entrepreneurship skills..................................................................................................22
CHAPTER FOUR..........................................................................................................................................23
4. Conclusion and Recommendation.........................................................................................................23
4.1. Conclusion......................................................................................................................................23
4.2. Recommendation............................................................................................................................23
4.2.1. Recommendation for the company..........................................................................................24
4.2.2. Recommendation for the civil department...............................................................................24
4.2.3. Recommendation for the university.........................................................................................24
5. Appendices............................................................................................................................................25
6. REFERENCE............................................................................................................................................25

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List of Figure
Figure 1:- work flows on the company profile.............................................................................................2
Figure 2:-Back fill and compaction...............................................................................................................7
Figure 3:-Footing pad form work and Lean concrete...................................................................................8
Figure 4:-Grade beam..................................................................................................................................9
Figure 5:- Stirrup..........................................................................................................................................9
Figure 6:-Steel and timber form work.......................................................................................................11
Figure 7:-Mixer..........................................................................................................................................12
Figure 8:-vibrator.......................................................................................................................................12
Figure 9:- Sand, coarse aggregate and measure box.................................................................................13
Figure 10:- OPC cement used for structural element................................................................................13
Figure 11:-reinforcement of column.........................................................................................................15
Figure 12:-Solid Slab Form workFigure 13:-Solid slab................................................................................16
Figure 14:-Solid Slab reinforcement..........................................................................................................17

List of Table
Table 1:-Project descriptions.......................................................................................................................3
Table 2:-Removal period of formwork.......................................................................................................11
Table 3:-Mixing ratio from concrete work.................................................................................................14
Table 4:- bars used in the site for different structural part of the building...............................................15

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Abbreviations and Acronyms

C-5 … lean concrete placed before ground structure

C-25… 25mpa compressive strength of concrete
PLC….private limit Company.
RCC…Reinforced concrete
HCB…Hallo concrete bloke
BC …Building Construction

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Executive Summary
The aim of this final report is to explain how much I followed up my training during internship
period which was planned to help students grasp practical know-how on different engineering projects.
The program is very helpful for students in improving their profession, skills and management capability
in general. In this document I have tried to write all the practical tasks that I have been working for the
last four months, all the information found on this document, gathered from my work colleagues and
friends. This paper has four chapters:

The first chapter contains The back ground of internship hosting company including , Its brief
history, objective, mission and vision of the company , Its main services, Its main customers or the end
users of its product or services, Its overall organization and work flow finally project description about
our site located at Injibara University . The Second Chapter contains my overall internship experience,
including, In which section of the company I have worked, How does the work flow in the section looks
like, work tasks I have executed, procedures and methods I have been working while performing my
tasks, challenges I have been facing during my intern period, measures I have taken in order to overcome
the challenges.

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The Third chapter contains the overall benefits I have gained from the internship, including In terms of
upgrading theoretical knowledge, In terms of improving practical skills, in terms of improving industrial
problem-solving capability, in terms of team playing skills, in terms of improving leadership skills, in
terms of understanding work ethics issues and in terms of entrepreneurship skills.

Finally the last chapter deals about conclusion of report and give recommendations for my hosting
company recommendations for civil department and for Gondar University Institute of technology.

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CHAPTER ONE

1. GENERAL HOSTING COMPANY PROFILE

1.2. Brief History of Asfaw Chekole building contractor.

 Establishment
Asfaw Chekole building contractor company was established in 2009 E.C.
In the period of 2009 – 2015 E.C, Asfaw Chekole building contractor project office had, successfully,
completed one residence house. Now, a day it was constructing B+G+4 building for Lecturers
Apartment.

1.2.1 Objectives, Missions, and Vision of the Company.

 Objective
Asfaw Chekole;- building contractor plc, as a company whose vision is to be one of
the great construction companies in Ethiopia, has also the following objectives.
 Maintain maximum level of customer satisfaction
 Ensure the financial endurance of the company
 Keep providing high quality services to satisfy his clients
 Ensure the professional development of its staff
 Contribute to the development of the construction industry by providing safe
constructions.
 Mission
The management of Asfaw Chekole contractor building plc is dedicated to providing quality
construction service using competent and motivated employees, ensuring occupational safety, by
adopting new technology, investing in appropriate machineries and equipment, by expanding the
existing manufacturing activities of construction materials and by executing projects to the level
of customer’s expectation or beyond thereby fulfilling the satisfaction of our customers.
 Vision

To magnify its global presence by becoming one of the leading general contractors in Ethiopia,
being known for quality and on time delivery.

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1.3. Main Products or Services of the Company
Currently the main services that the company provides are:
 Building Construction.

1.4. Main Customers of the Company or the End Users of Its Product or Service
The main work of this company is taking contracts in order to construct buildings.

The main customers of the company are; commercial market, shop, banks, private sectors, office,
beauty salons and laundry service to be rented or used by the company.

1.5. Overall Organization and Work Flow.

Any project whether it is big or small it requires proper organization and work
flow for the active progress of the project and also for the quality of the works to be
executed.Asfaw Chekole contractor building plc is a well-organized company and structured in
a good manner. The company uses qualified and experienced labor force in its organization. The
un-skilled man powers are participating only on manual works which are supervised by site
engineer

Project manager

Technical staff Non-Technical staff

Site Engineer Office Engineer Administration Finance

Forman Guard, timekeeper, Casher purchaser

Quantity Data janitors
Surveyor collector

carpenter, Mason, plasterer, daily

labor
Figure 1:- work flows on the company profile

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1.6. Project description

1 Project Name Injibara university lecturers Apartment building

2 Location Injibara
3 Consultant Yissak
4 Contractor Asfaw Chekole plc
5 Original Project Cost 147,000,000
6 No. of floors B+G+4

Table 1:-Project descriptions

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CHAPTER TWO

2. OVERALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

2.1. In Which Section of the Company I have worked

Starting for the time when I first went in to the construction company supervisor Seyid gave an
orientation about the whole systems of the construction company, the design of the project, the
organizational structure of the construction company, the Management level of the organization
and the raw materials used during at work time and other related information’s.

After we discussed all above things he meet me the carpenter and metal worker to visit how form
work and reinforcement bar for footing pad is constructed and I saw what type of works were
done in the site. There are also different works during my reconnaissance time the company
which I have been worked as an intern student. Tasks that I participate generally at site works. In
general I was learning how to supervise tasks performed by professionals at site work.

2.2. How does the Work flow in the Section looks like
In the site I was working as an intern student there are two main companies. These are the
consultant side and the contractor side. One engineer is assigned from the consultant side and he
performs the overall Supervision and consultation of construction project. The contractor is also
divided into different work sections like Project manager, site engineer, Store keeper, Labor etc.

The Labors has their own specific work tasks like bar benders, carpenters, masonry, physical
laborers etc. These different types of workers control by site engineer to minimize workmanship
errors in the construction. All workers and engineers are highly related through a chain of work
flows.

 Project manager
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The project manager is the one who manages the whole project through the project site
organization.

Duty of project manager in the project

 In new projects he studies the plans before moving to the site in order to make him
familiar with the structures he wants to build.
 As of starting his duty on the project site, he divides the site into manageable units or
sections by assigning engineers or Forman’s, in charge of each depending on type of
work and work volume, and then allocates the resources according to the needs.
 He gives special attention to avoid wastage of materials while allocating resources.
 Another duty of project manager is preparing meetings, with different section heads for
reviewing schedules, evaluate performances, better understanding of problems and
solutions, and recollection of resources, removal of doubts, acceleration plans etc…
 He also briefs to his boss sufficiently before the meeting between the client and the
company representative.
 Closer monitoring is another important task of the project manager to check all
progresses of the site activity at close range possibly every day.
 Site engineer
Site engineer Controls all the construction activities on the site starting from the very
beginning of the project. Depending on the schedule given by the project manager, the site
Engineer has the following duties:-
 Set out the site,
 Understanding drawing and specification
 Check the excavation and earthworks according to specification and drawings,
 Check the availability and health of the equipment
 Check the presence and adequacy of material, and amount of materials used on the
construction of the site.
 Check the construction of all structural and finishing works,
 Check employee, equipment and quantity, labor attendance

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 Present all necessary reports to the project manager , including all activities on the site
and
 Strictly follows the given times schedule in order to avoid any delaying on the project
completion time
 General Forman
A given time limit-It is responsible to work side by side with the project manager, construction
engineer and other site engineer in order to complete a project in.
 controls the gang leaders and carpenter Forman
 checks the whole work process
 quantifies some materials and makes request
 Store keeper: -
Controls, manages and registers all materials which are going out /in to the store. Also, balances
the materials consumed with the unconsumed one etc.
 Time keeper: -
Controls the time the workers start, break and end. Also, Register ordinary time amount and over
time work.
 A group of daily laborers:-
This group includes masons, carpenter, bar benders and the daily laborers. In our country
workers of such group are appointed only by experience these have its own advantage on the
construction. They work everything as they ordered by either the Forman or the site engineer.
 Guards:-
Keep the site safe and follow the activity of the site if there is odd reaction.

 Carpenter:-

Is a craft responsible for making wood structures for supporting different structuralcomponents
like beams and columns, formworks, and chip wood works.

2.3. Work task I have been executing

The work task that I have been working mostly during this three month stays in Injibara
University construction building. were site work like earthwork, concrete work, and material
used. It includes the following: --

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 Earthwork
 Backfill
 Concrete work
 Lean concrete
 Slab work
 Grade beam and column etc…
I have introduced myself with another stakeholder which participated on the work and I have get
advice from project manager about how to me participate on the work.

2.4. Procedures and methods I have been working while performing my tasks
Construction is process of preparing & forming building system. It starts with planning, design
and continues until the structure is ready for occupancy. From the definition it need special
attention and assurance for the work executed correctly. When I came to my site the construction
work of site was at the stage of the Earthwork.
 Earthwork: It is related with excavation, back fill cart away of surplus material and the
others which carried out in the site where the building or civil engineering project will be
constructed known as earth work.
 Backfill and compaction:-Backfill is filling the remaining part of excavated site after the
required structure is built with selected soil. Back fill is a soil which is filled back to extra
excavated space by consideration of working spaces or to mean replacing excavated soil
or selected material from another place and compacting around foundation and hard core.
Filling is applied around footing, around masonry and under hard core. Compaction of
soil is used to prevent the settlement and it is done by using labors and roller,
 in our site the backfill depth is 200cm with compaction layers of 15cm.All
backfilling to be layer and compacted to 96% maximum dry density in
accordance with standard technical specification
 Then fill up to footing pad and compact it.
 Any material which after repeated compaction does not fulfill the requirement is
removed and replaced.

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 Fill up to the bottom part of grade beam and compact with proper machine mix of
the selected material.

A) During compaction B) After compaction

Figure 2:-Back fill and compaction

 Concrete work:-Concrete is a mixture of cement, sand, aggregates and water. It is
used in building construction, drainage and reservoirs works, high ways, in flowers
etc. So a great deal of attention is given to its quality, strength and standard. Its
property is highly dependent on the type ingredients used, the quality of the
ingredients used and the mix design of the concrete.

 Lean concrete:-This concrete is cast at the bottom part of the grad beam also it is
class-5 (C-5) concrete. Its main purpose is to prevent the direct contact of the grade
beam with soil. Lean concrete cast with 5mm thickness. Also mix ratio of 1:
3:5(Cement, sand aggregate)
Advantages of lean concrete:-
 It protects soil contact with grade beam
 It prevents the soil particles that are present under sub-structure from any relative
movement.

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 To resist soil pressure and it provides a level and smooth surface .

Figure 3:-Footing pad form work and Lean concrete

Grade beam:-is a component of building foundation which is used to distribute the weight of a
building over unstable soil. It consists of reinforced concrete beam that transmits the load from
bearing to spaced foundation. It used in conditions where the surface soils load bearing capacity
is less than the anticipated design loads. Grade beams are designed to minimize deflection
instead of simply transferring loads directly to the ground below. This allows the beam to span
loose or unstable areas of soil and redistribute building loads to areas where soil is more compact
.In short the main function of grade beam is:-
 To support wall load,
 prevent settlement and
 The column from buckling by reducing its effective length and reduces the risk
that the building will sink over time. In our site the dimension of the grade beam
is 30cm ×50cm.

Figure 4:-Grade beam

 Bar overlap:-it is must be done at weak sections, and must avoid at point of
maximum moment .than Overlaps used are 4xØ

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 For bottom bars of beams the over lapping is at the support because, at this
location tension moment or positive moment is very small and for top bars of
beam the over lapping is at the span because negative moment or compression
moment is small.
 The negative bar is providing L/3 of the span length for beam and slab to
resist the negative moment

 Stirrups:-is a type of reinforcement bar which is used to resist or control diagonal

tension crack or shear failure of a structural member.
Generally the purpose of stirrup is:
 To resist shear
 To restrict the growth of diagonal crack
 To tie longitudinal bar and improve ductility
 In my site used the diameter of stirrup is 8xØ.

Figure 5:- Stirrup

 Form work:- is a temporary construction material used for mould a structure with a
required shape and dimensions and support it until it harden, mature and sufficiently
to become self-supporting. Formworks are model shapes with exact dimension for
concrete structures and prepare before casting of concrete in structure. In our site
there are two types of form work. These are: Steel form work and timber form work
 Advantages of steel form work:
 It can be used for a long time
 It possess greater rigidity
 It is not liable to shrinkage and distortion
 It used to circular column

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 Disadvantages of steel form
 Initially it is costly
 It is not easy to cut and fix as required shape/ ,dimension and size
 Advantages of timber form work:

 Easy to cut and fix as the required shape, dimension and size
 It is economical at initial cost
 It is easily available
 It used to rectangular column, grade beam, shear wall etc…
 Disadvantages of timber formwork;
 Swelling
 Shrinkage and
 Environmental effect (deforestation)

 Requirements of good form work

A good form work should satisfy the following requirements.
 The material of formwork should be cheap and suitable for reuse
 It should be water proof so that it does not absorb water from concrete
 It should be stiff enough so as to minimize deflection
 Fixing form work
I observed how much they care while fixing form works. It should be properly fixed to avoid
loss of concrete material and unwanted shape on the structure. Proper fixing also minimizes
great chiseling to remove the unwanted shapes.
In the supervision of formwork I checked the following points in my site.
 Its cleanliness
 Proper alignment of the formwork
 Presence of treatment agent(oil) for proper dismantling
 Checking the type and exact dimension of formwork
 Removal period of formwork

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In my site the removal period of form work for soffit and sides of a structural member is listed
in the table below:-
Table 2:-Removal period of formwork
No Structural component Its formwork is removed after
1 The vertical part of any structural member 18hr-24hrs
2 The slab structural member 3 weeks

A) Timber form work B) steel form work

Figure 6:-Steel and timber form work

 Equipment and materials used

 Mixer
Mixer is used to have uniform mix concrete. The mixer has a part on which the components
Have to add. Then they adding to rotating drum and the rotating drum mix the concrete. The
quality of mix depends on the numbers of revolutions which the drum rotates to the mix
concrete.

Figure 7:-Mixer
 Vibrator

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Vibrator is used to compact concrete mix and to avoid air voids in the concrete mix. The
presence of air voids in the concrete reduces the strength of concrete and when dry it will create
cracks. In this regard, vibrators are the essential equipment for every concrete casting.

Figure 8:-vibrator

 Plumb bob [Tumby]

Is a weight usually with appointed tip on the bottom that is suspended from a string and used as a
vertical reference line plumb line. It is very important equipment in order to check the
alignments of column and to get the center point.

 Materials for preparing concrete

 Cement:-is used to bind sand and aggregates and the binding properties of cement is
affected by type of cement used and the amount of water added.
 Stored separately from other items.
 Should be free from dampness, due to whether or ground conditions.
 Sand: - is used as a fill of voids between coarse aggregates. It is the most important in
the preparation of concrete and its silt content should be checked properly before mixing
begins.
 Water: - is an important ingredient of concrete since it actively participates in the
Chemical reaction with cement. It helps to form strength giving cement paste, the quality
and quantity of water required is to be looked very carefully. It is recommended that
water used for drinking and should be protected from contamination is suitable for
making good concrete.

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 Coarse Aggregates: - Is the most important ingredient on concrete because most amount
of the concrete is filled by coarse aggregate which gives body to the concrete. It also used
to reduce shrinkage and potential strength of hardened mass. The selection of aggregate
type and particle size distribution affect the main properties of concrete workability of
Concrete mix as well as strength, permeability, durability and the total cost of hardened
concrete, therefore the aggregate type is an essential part of concrete mix.
In our site the concrete grade they used C-5 for lean concrete and C-25 for all structural members
with regarding to the structural design drawing and specifications.
In my site it used to the construction world use boxes made from wood and the box size of
allstructure used to 40cmx50cmx20cm.

a) Sand b) coarse aggregate c) measure box

Figure 9:- Sand, coarse aggregate and measure box

Figure 10:- OPC cement used for structural element

Concrete grade Proportion (ratio)

C-25 1:2:3
C-5 1:3:5
C-30 1:2:3
Table 3:-Mixing ratio from concrete work
 Column
Column is structural elements of building which is vertical reinforced concrete designed mainly
to resist axial compressive force. In addition to this bending moment and other lateral forces like
wind and earthquake are also considered in the design of column.

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Depending on the structural columns may be various shapes i.e., circular, rectangular & square.
In my site I observed rectangular and circular Columns.
 Methodology in the construction of column in my site.
Before casting
 Check the diameter of the – bars used for, it should be as per the design of the
drawing.
 Check the extension length (overlap if any).
 Check the spacing of the stirrups used, it should be as per the design
 Check the quality side form work.
 Check the verticality of column by using plumb bob (Tumby).
 Check the external alignments of a column.
 Check the center line of a column
During casting
 During concrete work or casting I have checked the dropping height of the concrete.
 I have checked the mix ratio (1:2:3)
 I have checked the use of vibrator during casting
After casting
After the column is casted we have to do the following:-
 I have checked form work not be removed before 24
 Watering should be done for curing purpose to strength the column.

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A) Before casting B) After casting

Figure 11:-reinforcement of column

Table 4:- bars used in the site for different structural part of the building
no Diameter Part used
1 8, For stirrup purpose,
2 10, 12 For slab purpose
3 20 &24 Columns
4 20,24 Grade beams

 SLAB
Slab are normally classified and identified by the type and condition of their support. In our site type of
slab was one way and two way solid Slab.

 Solid slab
Reinforced concrete slab supported by beam and column together. It has a good capacity to resist load in
the site use solid slab.

Procedure for constructing solid slabs:

 After the previous floor structures are constructed then the form work of the next floor slab with
the beam form work together then the plywood panel is painted with mould oil before placing the
reinforcement.
 First we fix Zeha away from the top of the beam. Then fix the ponte at a distance of 0.55m to
0.7m along the direction of zeha and place the soffit on the top of the zeha.
 After the beam reinforcement bars arranged and put on their position the slabs reinforcement bars
are tied with it.
 For installation of electric wire and sanitary works…holes are left open on every floor.
 The slab is casted by concrete with appropriate and correct level.
 After 21 days the form work can removed.
NB. Beam and slab are casted monolithically as a composite material.
Finally check the horizontal alignment of the soffit by stretching string on the top of the soffit,

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Figure 12:-Solid Slab Form work Figure 13:-Solid slab

 Slab reinforcement
Some of the activities performed on the placement are:-
 Place the reinforcement bars of the slab in both directions to a mesh.
 Then the reinforcement bar has been tied by wire to keep the position and the given
spacing between top and bottom re-bar using Z bar(kebelito). The bars have anchorage
or bend at one end to increase the interlocking or bondage.
The top (negative) reinforcement bar of slab has been placed up to one-third of the span length
from the beam.
At the middle of the span the top reinforcement was neglected. Because at this point the only
tension force have developed at the bottom so no need of top reinforcement, There for neglecting
this bar being economical.
Main bar: - a reinforcement which is provided for resisting positive moment. Long length bar
has a tendency of bending than short length bars that is why short bar are put at the bottom

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Figure 14:-Solid Slab reinforcement

2.5. Challenges I have been facing during my intern period

Construction project are complex and time consuming under taking that requires the inter action
and cooperation of many different persons to accomplish. In order to integrate and work closely
in each section it is a challenging task to one person especially when she/he is beginner. In
general I have faced the following challenges in the internship period.
The following are the major challenge during the execution of the project, and they are listed
below:-
 There no construction safety wears i.e. safety shoes helmet and gloves
 There was no working space in the office.
 The basic challenges are to communicate the workers like site Engineer, Forman,
Carpenter and laborers on site project. Because all workers they are using a new site
word.That is why aim confusing to understand and memorized on the first few weeks.

2.6. Measures I have taken in order to overcome the challenges

 I get the answer for my question from project manager, general foreman, daily laborer,
and from another worker.
 I have learned the words they are used by asking and trying to memorize each word.To
solve this problem I started to write these site words.
 Site word………………….civil engineering word :-
 Kristy……………………T-shape scaffolding
 Staffa………….……….. Stirrup
 Tumby……………….… plumb bob etc…
 Making good social interaction with workers.

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CHAPTER THREE

3. Over all benefit I gained from the internship program

3.1. Introduction
The internship program as it is known was started with a major plan of enabling students acquire
enough technical and practical knowledge concerning how the works are performed in the
practical world in relation to their field of study. Therefore, it was a very interesting period
where I was able to gather technical knowledge, participate in real construction activity, enjoyed
working with experienced professionals and have been successful in performing activities.
I also learned some formalities of communication skills. I believe that I had developed a good
relationship with different workers of the site during our intern time.
I was learned how to solve different challenges which were faced on the site by developing a
skill of problem solving. Some of the benefits I gained are presented as below.

3.2. In terms of upgrading theoretical knowledge

Internship program gave me the chance to apply my theoretical knowledge in real world works.
It is interesting when the theoretical knowledge & the practical aspect exactly meet. But in some
cases the practical aspect is a little different from the theoretical knowledge due to the
complexity of theories to bring in to practices. This internship program helps me to apply the
theoretical part of my knowledge that I attended for the past before internship period or seven
semesters to practical works in a little manner. My theoretical knowledge got strengthen by
those practical techniques invested on site.
Some of theoretical concepts obtained are: -
 Concrete works including , mixing, transporting, casting and curing
 Rebar works including bar cutting, bending and placement, preparation of mesh.
 Techniques of site management and labor administration.

3.3. In terms of improving practical skills

In the four-month internship program, I have improved several practical skills that could help me
to accommodate my work tasks in the future. Really speaking in the construction industry of

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civil engineering works, practical skills and experience play a great role in conceptualizing and
interpreting the theoretical knowledge. Thus, the main aim of this internship program is to
improve practical skills by applying theoretical knowledge. The different practical skills that I
gain are listed below.
 How to prepare formwork for different structural part of the building and how to check
the alignment of formwork by using string or Tumby.
 How to check whether the columns deviate or not by using plum bob (Tumby).
 How to check whether the grade beam deviate or not by using spacer
 Ways of keeping the alignment and perpendicularity of column formworks.
 Methods of solving some construction errors on the site.
 Concrete work for grade beam and column.
 Mixing ratio from concrete work

3.4. In terms of improving industrial problem-solving capability

According to construction industrial problem-solving capability we had gain more benefits. To
solve the problems we became familiar with technical and non-technical skills. In a scientific
method I try to solve the problem with the following methods:
 Identifying the problem
 Generating alternatives
 Select the better alternatives
 Make a solution.

3.5.In term of improving team playing skills

It is obvious that in every sector of work, team work is an essential key to success. Especially on
the construction site communicating with co-workers and working together is important. The
important point in team playing skill is just reaching an agreement from different point of view
on the work to be done.
During my practical session I observed how the members of the team are organized, tolerate to
each other, and execute a certain given task together, helping one to another etc… When we
work in team, each of us had a task to do according to the profession we have. For example

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mason, daily labor, Forman, gang leader and so on. And as a trainee I gained a lot of skills
related to working in team. To be good team member some of the key points are:-
 Respecting the right of others
 Being a team worker
 Being cooperative
 Work perfectly the given task
 Distributes the work load
 Develop individual skills
The main advantage of working in group or team playing work is to maximize the capacity or
ability to communicate and to develop and to share experience. So, I believe that team work
plays a very important role in my staring internship program.

3.6. In terms of improving leadership skills

In terms of improving leadership skill I practiced how to manage and lead the workers on
various activities. The main aim of having leadership skill is to lead all workers in order to get a
specific output as desired. Communication with workers, accepting their question, treating them
properly, providing the right commands for workers depending on their profession to speed up
the work progress and to achieve the required quality of the work are some of the points that
should be considered as a leadership. I also become patience and learned to settle myself when
somebody annoys me related to any issue. Leadership decision is very important in any work. In
our staying time I developed an ability to build consensus in the face of uncertainty.
Here issome of the leadership skill I gained from the internship:-

 How to communicate with workers

 Solving problems with colleagues by discussion
 How to organizing work and distribute the work load
 Problem solving ability and wise decision making
 How to decide and evaluate working method
 How to control the working environment

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3.7. In terms of understanding work ethics issues
Work ethics is the basic behavior one should have in doing his job and fulfilling responsibility.
Work ethics involves several principles related to effective work habits and personal qualities.
Good work habits are vital to any successful career. When I come to my company in my
internship duration I have learned about the following are discussed below:-
 Punctuality:-I have been working on my activities based on the working period and giving
the required attention on the use of working periods effectively. This has helped me
understand the importance of respecting time and work towards maximum utilization of the
available time when performing the activities.
 Accountability: -Working on construction activities has its own working principles which
require the specified personnel to take responsibility of his activities in their positive and
negative outcomes. When running activities provided; taking the accountability of these
activities will help to carefully undertake the specific task by giving enough attention for the
working procedures and principles in conducting these items of work.
 Personal ethics: -these principles of personal ethics are values which are expected to be
possessed by all individuals in their life, and contribute a lot for a smooth interaction among
individuals and peaceful coexistence of a society.
 Professional ethics:-refers to the standards or a set of moral principles for regulating
behaviors of a certain defined profession. In order to consider that an activity to be a
profession, it should be carried out by one who has advanced education, knowledge, and
skills. Thus, for developing healthy working environment and increase productivity, ethical
work conducts are important medium. The following are some of the common professional
ethical principles what I gained in the internship: -
 Punctuality
 Reliability
 Honesty
Developing this skill is thus of prime importance in the future professional working period where
taking the accountability of performed activities is required and is one of the capacity measures
utilized in estimating the capacity of professionals.
 Be prepared to learn more and update one self.

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 Acquire the knowledge and skill necessary to do job assigned to you.
 Be efficient in your work.
 Manage and apply resources efficiently.
 Follow rules, policies and regulations of the work.
 Rejecting negative favor and corruption
 Exposing corruption whatever it and be loyal to ones work and the organization.
Generally, Work ethics is the moral principle that should be observed and respected by all the
professionals in working area.

3.8. In terms of entrepreneurship skills

Entrepreneurship is one who organizes, manage and assume the risk of a business or
enterprise.These are individuals who initiate business activity by taking its risk. They produce
products or services by involving necessary skills & resources. These resources may be time,
capital (money), skilled laborer, land, etc. Entrepreneurship success depends on personal
behavior, skill & profession.
Generally as an internship student I have got a wide range of entrepreneur skills such as:-
1. Ability to work both as part of team and independently
2. The ability to manage time and workers.
3. The ability to improve self-motivation and discipline
4. The ability to solving conflict that create between labors
5. ability to orders the workers in different work
6. Ability to understand & accept if there is possibility of loss or any problem
This internship motivates me not only to be employee but also it enables me to know more about
my career, the real challenges, and way of business establishment in this profession.

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CHAPTER FOUR

4. Conclusion and Recommendation

4.1. Asfaw Chekole Contractor building plc Company is one of the greatest companies with
its quality and satisfaction of their clients need as well as the community. I made my
training in Injibara University . In this four month stay of my internship I try to
understand the site works.
The internship program that I had has many advantages in different aspects to understand how to
put theoretically knowledge in to practical action. It helps to undergraduate students to bring in
to the high light of civil engineering before engaging as an employee.
In the internship I come to know how a structural element such as grade beam ,columns and
other structural related work are build and how run construction site .and also it gave me the
highlight of my future as a civil engineer. It allowed me create valuable connection and gain a
priceless experience. It gave me the chance to revise some parts that I have learned for the past
seven months directly or indirectly. It was a big step in improving team playing and leadership
skills.
The main thing I was going to master is that how the work in the company flows, work ethics,
entrepreneurship skills as well as improving my communication skills with the employees
working on the site and familiarizing myself with equipment local terminologies and their
applications.

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Generally I got satisfactory knowledge and more benefited at intern. This internship program is
real, necessary and important for engineering students. Practical programs used to develop
theoretical principles. I have seen what I are going to do and well informed about.

4.2. Recommendation
During my internship time of I have learnt and observed many positive and negative sides about
the hosting company. I recommended or suggested the negative side of the company which helps
to improve its weakness. The recommendations I suggested includes:-

4.2.1. Recommendation for the company

 The workers should be wear hale mate to keep themselves from danger. Safety of
workers should be given higher priority the workers should be wearing hale mate to keep
them from danger. Safety of workers should be given higher priority.
 They should place reinforcement bars in convenient area for protection from corrosion,
and they should work for minimum waste during cutting reinforcements.
 Use modern machinery or equipment for high productivity and to finish works on time.
 The company should give different Research’s for students by fulfilling the required
facilities with a university.
 The company should examine and check students how much they improve their
knowledge in each time.

4.2.2. Recommendation for the civil department

Preparing internship program is very interesting in helping students to see how theories are
related to the real world. Also, the students to get the required experience the department should
be;
 Arranging and giving supplementary courses needed like: -Auto CAD, SAP, foundation, RC
and other software that guide the students.

4.2.3. Recommendation for the university

 The university should prepare a document for internship students that focus on internship
tasks and the guidance for the company.

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 Generally the university and the company must be more involved in helping the
students get more favorable working site.

5.Appendices
 Staffa: another term for stirrup.
 Tumby: another term for plumb bomb.
 Sponda: side formwork of a beam
 Modino: the horizontal timber supporting the soffit of slab
 Kristy: T-shape, scaffolding
 Kiribati : Hold the four side panels in column formwork firmly
 Spacer: Covers of concrete
 Box: Measuring instrument for aggregate and sand
 Armata: Mass of concrete
 Forman: The leader of work crew
 Scaffolding: Slab and beam form work and temporary ladder during
construction
 Zeha: another term of horizontal wood for wood fixing on ponta
 Ponta: vertical wood for wood fix under zeha used to support soffit

6. REFERENCE
 Department (2011.EC).Construction material Gondar

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 JAMS, M. (1997 GC).Reinforcement concrete. New Gersey
 Meseret. (2011 EC).Construction of material handout Gondar
 Book of quantity survey
 Building material, fifth edition [Gurcharasingah]
 K.R. ARORA soil mechanics 1&2 sixth edition
 V.N.S. MURTHY foundation 1&2 second edition
 Dr.Ing Gram zerayohannes,”structural design note book”,lecture note
2003.

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