BS0-3 (1991) With AMD 1 PDF

B S I BS*O: PART*3 O 1 lb2Libb9 038bL20 1 7 6 = I!
BRITISH STANDARD BS O : Part 3 :

1991
A standard for standards

Part 3. Guide to drafting and presentation
of British Standards
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Copyright British Standards Institution

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BSI BSXO: P A R T X 3 OL W l b 2 4 b b 9 038bL2L 002 =
BS O : Part 3 : 1991
This British Standard, having

been prepared by a BSI panel,
was published under the
authority of the Standards
Board and comes into effect on
29 November 1991
O BSI 1991
BS O : Part 2 first published

March 1974
BS O : Part 4 first published
March 1974 4
BS O : Part 4 second edition Amd. No. Date
December 1975
First published as Part 3
(combined revision of Parts 2
and 4) November 1981
Second edition November 1991
The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference OC113
Draft for comment 87/00095 DC
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i
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BS O : Part 3 : 1991
Contents
Foreword
~ ~~
Guide
Section 1. General
1.1 Scope 5
1.2 References 5
1.3 Definitions 5
Section 2. Range of BSI publications
2.1 British Standards (BS) 6
2.2 Drafts for Development (DD) 6
2.3 Published Documents (PD) 6
2.4 Amendments (AMD} 6
2.5 Numbering of standards publications 6
2.6 Supplementary information or illustrations 6
2.7 Other BSI publications 6
Section 3. Structure and arrangement of British Standards
3.1 Normative and informative elements 7
3.2 Divisions and subdivisions 8
3.3 Normative and informative annexes 8
3.4 'hbles and figures 8
3.5 Normative and informative references 9
Section 4. Principles of planning and drafting
4.1 Planning and coordination 10
4.2 Purpose, objectivity and scope 10
4.3 Rrminology 10
4.4 Clarity 11
4.5 Verbal forms 11
4.6 Readership 11
4.7 Contract considerations 12
4.8 Legal considerations 12
Section 5. Drafting of specifications: general principles
5.1 Function and scope of specifications 13
5.2 Structure 13
5.3 Grades and options 13
5.4 Additions 14
5.5 Preferences 14
5.6 Values 14
5.7 Methods of verifying conformity to%equirements 14
5.8 Third party certification, inspection and quality system assessment 14
Section 6. Specifications for products
6.1 Scope of specifications for products 16
6.2 Descriptive and performance requirements 16
6.3 Coding 16
6.4 Product marking and documentation 16
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BS O : Part 3 : 1991
Section 7. Other types of specification

7.1 Specifications for materials
7.2 Specifications for processes 18
7.3 Specifications for systems 18
Section 8. Methods
8.1 Function of methods 19
8.2 Kinds of method 19
8.3 'krrninology 19
8.4 Verbal forms 19
8.5 Arrangement of clauses 19
8.6 Methods of specifying 19
Section 9. Codes of practice
9.1 Function of codes of practice 20
9.2 Verbal forms 20
9.3 Presentation 20
9.4 Relationship between codes of practice and specifications 20
Section 10. Glossaries
10.1 Function of glossaries 21
10.2 Definitions 4 21
10.3 Arrangement and presentation of glossaries 21
Section 11. Drafts for Development
11.1 Principles 22
11.2 Presentation 22
11.3 Introductory statement 22
Section 12. Amendments to standards publications
12.1 Arrangement and content 23
12.2 Amendment instructions 23
12.3 Amending tables and drawings 23
12.4 Inclusion of new pages 23
Section 13. Health and safety
13.1 Standards and safety 24
13.2 Acceptable risk 24
13.3 Standards and safety regulations 24
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13.4 Consumer safety 24

13.5 Health and safety at work 25
13.6 Fire tests > 26
13.7 Hazard w m i n g in standards :..
,.* ' 26
13.8 Environmental issues L 27
Section 14. General application of British Standards
14.1 General principles 28
14.2 Units of measurement 28
14.3 Letter symbols for quantities and units 28
14.4 Graphical symbols 29
14.5 Colours 29

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BS O : Part 3 : 1991
page
Section 15. Special considerations in drafting
15.1 Reference materials 30
15.2 Patents 30
15.3 Registered Designs 31
15.4 Ti-dde names 31
15.5 Copyright 31
Section 16. British Standards identical with international or
European standards
16.1 General principle 33
16.2 Numbering 33
16.3 Titles 33
16.4 National annexes 33
16.5 Multi-language international standards 33
Section 17. Editorial and typographical practice
17.1 Presentation of text 34
17.2 Detailed textual conventions 34
17.3 Citation 36
Section 18. Mathematical style and layout
18.1 General I
37
18.2 Expression of numerical values and quantities 37
18.3 Decimal marker 37
18.4 Equations 37
18.5 Brackets 38
18.6 Solidus 38
18.7 Bar (vinculum) 38
18.8 Integral and summation signs 39
18.9 Superiors and inferiors 39
18.10 Alignment 39
Annexes
A (normative) Rules for the formulation and constitution of
identifiers for standards publications 40
B (normative) Informative elements in standards 41
C (normative) Principles governing presentation of drawings and
other figures 46
D (normative) Drafting of specifications providing for documented
and agreed requirements 47
E (normative) Drafting of specifications: principles relating to verification of
C0nfOKllit.y 48
làble
1 Typical structure and principal ekments in a specification for a
product 7
Index 51
List of references 56
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3
BSI BS*O: P A R T t 3 01 W Lb24bb9 038bL25 7 5 8
BSO:Part3: 1991
Foreword
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This Part of BS O is published under the authority of the Standards Board of BSI.
It supersedes BS O : Part 3 : 1981, which is withdrawn.
BS O is intended primarily for the use of BSI committees and staff, and
organizations providing first drafts. Originally published in 1974, it was
comprehensively revised in 1981. The revised standard is published in three
Parts:
Part 1 is an introduction to standardization and the role of standards;
part 2 describes BSI committee procedures;
part 3 gives guidance on the drafting and presentation of British Standards and
includes an index to all three Parts.
This revision of BS O : part 3 introduces certain changes in style and conventions
which reflect the new IEC/ISO Directives - part 3 : 1989 fiqflirtg and
presentation of International S¿andards and the new CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations, Part 3 : 1990 Rulesfor the drarfting and presentation of European
Standards. The opportunity has also been taken to restructure the text, with the
use of annexes for the provision of certain rules and recommendations in greater
detail.
This Part of BS O may be supplemented from time to time by detailed guidance
on drafting practice in specific fields, published under the authority of the
relevant BSI Standards Council. For additional guidance on the preparation of
British Standards for building and civil engineering, for example, attention is
drawn to PD 6501.
The editorial principles, layout and typographical presentation used in BS O
illustrate the practice to be followed in British Standards.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from
legal obligations.
4
Section 1
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BS O : Part 3 : 1991
Section 1. General
1.1 Scope 1.2.2 Informative references

This Part of BS O provides information and This Part of BS O refers to other puAcations that
guidance on the planning, drafting, arrangement provide information or guidance. Editions of these
and presentation of British Standards and other publications current at the time of issue of this
standards publications. It defines some details of standard are listed on page 58, but reference
style and typography. should be made to the latest editions.
1.2 References 1.3 Definitions

For the purposes of this Part of BS O, the
1.2.1 Normative references definitions given in 1.3 of BS O : Part 1 : 1991
This Part of Bs O incorporates, by dated or undated apply.
A reference, provisions from other pubiications. These
normative references are made at the appropriate
places in the text and the cited publications are listed
on pages 56 and 57. For dated references, only the
edition cited applies; any subsequent amendments to
or revisions of the cited publication apply to this
Part of BS O oniy when incorporated in the reference
by amendment or revision. For undated references, the
iatest edition of the cited publication applies, together
with any amendments.
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5
BSI BSSO: PARTS3 O 1 = lb2Vbbî 038b127 520 =Section 2
Bs o : Part 3 : 1991
Section 2. Range of BSI publications
2.1 British Standards (BS) 2.3 Published Documents (PD)
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2.1.1 British Standards can take different The designation ‘Published Document’ is used for
forms, e.g.: miscellaneous publications containing
supplementary information relating to
a) specifications for products or materials: standardization.
dimensions, performance, safety, etc.;
specifications for processes, practices,
systems, etc. ; 2.4 Amendments (AMD)
b) methods of measuring, testing, analysing, Amendments are issued as an immediate step to
sampling, etc.; methods of declaring, make simple or editorial changes or to correct
specifying, etc. ; errors in a standard. They are incorporated
c) recommendations on product or process whenever the standard is reprinted or a new
applications; codes of practice; edition of the standard is produced (see
section 12).
d) terminology, symbols;
e) classification.
2.5 Numbering of standards publications
2.1.2 British Standard specifications lay down
requirements to be satisfied by a product, material, The allocation of identifying numbers to standards
process or system, together with methods by which publications is the responsibility of BSI staff.
conformity may be verified (see 5.7). Annex A provides guidance on the structure of
identifiers relevant to the various series of
2.1.3 British Standard methods formalize ways of publications issued.
doing things. Various kinds of method are listed
in 8.2.
2.6 Supplementary information or
2.1.4 British Standard codes of practice illustrations
recommend good, accepted practice for the
accomplishment of a defined task or sequence of In some cases, items such as reference cards or
tasks, as followed by competent practitioners. They colour charts, special maps and special test sheets
are advisory and not intended to provide objective may be produced by a BSI committee and approved
criteria by which compliance may be judged. for issue as an adjunct to a British Standard. The
NOTE. Much of the guidance given in section 9 is also applicable
auxiliary British Standard publication then carries
to the drafting of British Standard recommendations and guides. the number of the main British Standard with a
Recommendations generally provide a particular series of options suffix letter, as for example BS 381C and
or COUES of action relevant to a limited field and they may BS 5261C. Such items are processed for publication
pave the w a y to the eventual formulation of a specification. By in the same way as British Standards.
comparison, a guide is generally less specific and more discursive
in content, tending to give broader and more general
information about the subject.
2.7 Other BSI publications
2.1.6 British Standard glossaries define and BSI issues a range of other publications not
standardize terminology, often in association with prepared under the authority of its committees.
units, symbols and conventions. British Standard These include BSI Handbooks, comprising text
classifications have the same status as glossaries. taken from a number of separate publications
Their function is to designate and to describe relating to a particular field of standardization,
different grades of a product or, for example, to educational material and promotional literature.
identify and to arrange data into an agreed
hierarchical order.
2.2 Drafts for Development (DD)

Drafts for Development are pre-standards
publications of a provisional nature. They can be
converted to British Standards of any type when
sufficient experience has been fed back to BSI, or
they can be withdrawn (see section il).

BSI BS*û: PART*3 O1 1624bbî 0386328 467
Section 3 BS O : Part 3 : 1991
Section 3. Structure and arrangement of British

Standards
3.1 Normative and informative elements làble 1. Typical structure and principal
klements in a specification for a product
3.1.1 The elements which together form a
standard are classified into the following two Ype of element Element
groups. \Jormative Scope
a) Normative elements are those setting out the Normative references
essential provisions of a standard, i.e. those with Definitions
which it is necessary to comply in order to be
able to claim compliance with the standard. Symbols and abbreviations
b) I n f m t i v e elements consist of preliminary Materials
elements and supplementary elements. Design
1) Preliminary elements are those that identify Manufacture
the standard, introduce its content and explain
its background, its development and its Requirements (descriptive
relationship to other standards. and/or performance)
2) Supplementary elements are those that Compliance criteria
provide additional information to assist in the Marking
use or understanding of the standard.
Normative annexes
NOTE.Guidance on the preparation of informative elements is (especially test methods)
given in annex B.
3.1.2 For illustration only, a typical example of the .nfgrmative
structure and principal elements in a specification Preliminary Front cover and inside
for a product is given in table 1. front cover
3.1.3 Every standard or separate l’art or Section of Contents
a standard (see 3.2.2) begins with the scope clause Foreword
(see 3.2.4 and 4.2). Introduction
3.1.4 If the text of a standard includes references Supplementary Notes
to other publications, a references clause is
included, after the scope clause, following the Informative annexes
wording used in 1.2, as appropriate, to explain the List of references
normative or informative status of the references Back cover
(see 3.5). The references are listed on the inside
back cover of the standard in accordance with
B. 13.
3.1.5 The definitions clause (see 4.3.3) follows the
scope and references clauses.
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BSO:Part3: 1991 Section 3
3.2 Divisions and subdivisions 3.2.5 Subclauses

A subclause is a numbered subdivision of a clause.
3.2.1 General A primary subclause may itself be subdivided into
Though standards differ from one another in numbered secondary subclauses and this process of
content and size, the content of most standards subdivision may be continued as far as is necessary,
can be arranged in a consistent form, to aid but excessive subdivision should be avoided.
familiarity and comprehension and to facilitate Each subclause should preferably be given a title,
reference. This clause describes the division of a placed immediately after its number, on a separate
standard into a number of separate publications line from the text that folìows. The use of titles
and the degrees of subdivision that may be should be consistent, all subclauses within a clause
appropriate within any such publication. bearing a title or all being untitled. Subclauses
3.2.2 External divisions need titles if they are themselves subdivided into
numbered secondary subclauses. Secondary
3.2.2.1 Parts subclauses need not have titles but, if they do, the
A Part is one of a series of separate publications title should be placed immediately after the
under the same generic number. The designation number and the text should start on a new line as
‘Part’is not used for an internal subdivision of a with any higher level clause or subclause (see
publication. A Part is designated by an arabic also 17.2.6).
numeral and, in a reference, is always associated Primary and secondary subclauses are numbered
with its parent number, e.g. BS O : Part 3. using point-numbering as applied in this Part of
3.2.2.2 Sections and Subsections BS O.
parts are sometimes subdivided into separately When a clause is subdivided, the first subclause
published Sections. In some cases, these Sections begins immediately below the main clause heading
may also be subdivided into separately published and any notes folbwing it; there are no
Subsections. These subdivisions are unnumbered passages of text preceding the first
point-numbered, using arabic numerals, subclause.
e.g. Part 1 : Section 1.1 : Subsection 1.1.4. 3.2.6 Paragraphs
3.2.3 Internal sections and subsections A paragraph is an unnumbered subdivision of text.
A section is more usualìy an internal subdivision of
a publication, used to group a series of related 3.3 Normative and informative annexes
clauses. The use of sections is of particular value to An annex may be either a normative or an
simplify the structure of lengthy complex informative element (see 3.1.1). The status of an
documents. The corresponding internal subdivision annex is made clear by the way in which it is
in a separately published Section is designated referred to in the text and by adding ‘(normative)’
‘subsection’. Each section or subsection has a title. or ‘(informative)’ immediately after the letter
The numbering of sections is sequential, using designating the annex in its heading.
arabic numerals. Section 1 of a publication, Annexes should be designated in the order in
frequently entitled ‘General’, groups the clauses which they are first referred to in the text by the
that include scope, references, definitions and capital letters of the alphabet, beginning with A
other clauses that relate to the publication as a but omitting I and O. A single annex is designated
whole. Subsections are point-numbered. ‘Annex A’. The title follows on a separate line.
The convention in British Standards is to use a Numbers given to the clauses and subclauses in an
capital ‘S’ in reference to separately published annex are preceded by the annex letter and use the
Sections or Subsections and a lower case ‘s’ in point-numbering system, e.g. A. 1.1. nbles, figures
references to sections and subsections that are and equations are each numbered in a separate
internal subdivisions. sequence, preceded by the annex letter.
3.2.4 Clauses 4
The clause is the basic component of a standard. 3.4 ‘Ihbles and figures
Each clause has a title, placed immediately after its 3.4.1 làbles
number, on a separate line from the text that R x t may be supplemented by tables, which are
follows. either normative or informative elements according
In publications having no internal subdivision into to the nature of the reference in the text. ?Cibles
sections, clauses are numbered sequentially, are placed adjacent to the relevant text or grouped
beginning with 1 for ‘Scope’. When a publication together at a convenient point within the
has internal subdivision into sections, clauses are appropriate element of the publication, usually at
numbered using point-numbering deriving from the the end of the main text preceding the annexes
section number (as, for example, in this Part of (see also 17.1.5). ?ables forming a part of an annex
BS O). appear within the annex.
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8
E S 1 BSXO: PART*3 O1 162Libbï 0 3 8 b 1 3 0 Oit5
Tmbles cannot stand alone, but should always be 3.5 Normative and informative
referred to in the text, with a clear indication of
references
the relevance and status of each.
’Eibles should be planned to suit the r.eader. Large
complex tables should be avoided because they can
3.5.1 Normative reference to BSI publications.
If a standard can be made complete only by including
Q ,
be difficult to comprehend. consideration should material from another BSI publication, normative
always be given to simple and direct presentation reference is made to the other publication if the text is
and particularly to breaking down extensive data long. If the text is short, it is preferable to include it in
into separate tables. full, and to acknowledge its source in a footnote (see
Every table has a number and a title, appearing B.lO). Where a dated reference is made, and in all
above the table. n b l e s in the main text are cases where the number of a specific section, clause,
numbered with arabic numerals, beginning with 1 , etc. is cited, the publication number and year are
in the order in which they are cited in the text; a quoted (see also 17.3.2).
single table in a standard is designated ‘table 1’. 3.5.2 Normative reference t o other publications
Tmbles in annexes are numbered in accordance
with 3.3. 3.5.2.1 No British Standard should be so drafted
See also 17.1.6 on headings in tables. as to be dependent on the requirements of a
publication issued by a body outside BSI’s
3.4.2 Figures jurisdiction. If any parts of such a publication are
Figures can replace the need for extensive text and considered necessary for inclusion in a British
can clarify requirements specified in the text. They Standard, they should be reproduced in full in the
may therefore be normative elements, British Standard (the necessary permission having
appropriately referred to, which may include been obtained, see 15.5).
requirements inseparably linked to the text. 3.5.2!2 Normative reference to another
Figures may also be informative elements, which publication may be made if full reproduction of the
may typically serve to illustrate provisions in the requirements in the British Standard is considered
text by giving examples. In such cases they neither impracticable by the technical committee, but only
restrict the options available for fulfilling on the following conditions:
requirements nor override them. a) the publication cited has wide acceptance and
Figures cannot stand alone but should always be authoritative status;
referred to in the text, with a clear indication of b) the reference to the publication is
the relevance and status of each. unambiguous and dated;
Figures are placed adjacent to the relevant text or c) the publication does not depend upon further
grouped together at a convenient point within the reference to non-BI publications;
appropriate element of the publication, usually at d) the publication is readily available, so that it is
the end of the main text preceding the annexes not unreasonable to expect users of the British
(see also 17.1.5). Figures forming a part of an Standard to obtain it in order to comply with the
annex appear within the annex. British Standard;
Detailed guidance on the principles governing the e) the source from which copies of the
presentation of drawings is given in annex C (see publication can be obtained is stated;
also 17.1.5). f) a master copy of the publication is retained for
Every figure has a number and a title, appearing at reference in the BSI Library;
the foot of the figure. Figures in the main text are g) the body responsible for the publication is
numbered with arabic numerals, beginning with 1, informed of BSI’s intention to refer to it and is
in the order in which they are cited in the text; a asked to notify BSI as early as possible of any
single figure in a standard is designated ‘figure 1’. decision to amend, revise or withdraw it;
Figures in annexes are numbered in accordance
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h) any relevant government regulatory and

with 3.3. enforcemeht authorities confirm that for their
3.4.3 Notes t o tables and figures purposes it is sufficient to make the reference.
If normative reference to a non-BSI publication is
Notes to tables and figures are treated
independently from notes integrated in the text contemplated, the Technical Director should be
and footnotes (see B.lO). A separate referencing advised.
sequence should be used for the notes relating to 3.5.3 Informative references
each table or figure. Such notes may contain Reference may be made to any publication for
requirements if they form part of a normative table background information. Usually, the latest edition
or figure. of the cited publication is relevant and such
references are usually undated in the text
(see 17.3.2 and 17.3.3).

Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=University of Hong Kong/5910986001 9
B S I BS*O: PARTt3 O1 D I1624669 0386333 T53 =
Bs o : part 3 : 1991 Section 4
Section 4. Principles of planning and drafting
4.1 Pìanning and coordination 4.2 Purpose, objectivity and scope

4.1.1 Work on a project should start with 4.2.1 Every British Standard should identify what
- identification of all the aspeck to be covered. is to be standardized and for whose benefit it is
Questions to be explored include the following: intended. At the outset, the objectives of the
a) what is to be standardized; standard having been carefully considered and
clearly defined, the resultant definition will provide
b) what groups will be involved in the use of the a focus for the committee work and constitute the
standard(s); basis of the scope clause. This is best drafted in
c) what type of standard or series of different precise detaiì before the work proceeds further,
types (see 2.1) wilì be required to fulfil the need. after which norie of the normative elements of the
The aim should be to have in one document all the standard should then fall outside its stated scope.
information a user is likely to need at one time for 4.2.2 An essential feature of a British Standard is
one purpose. Information needed at different times that it is independent and objective. Its provisions
or for different purposes or by different users should be limited to those that the committee can
should be produced as separate documents. agree to standardize definitively. The true nature
4.1.2 The following concerns may result in a of these provisions and a judgement of compliance
decision to publish separate standards, Parts or with them should not be a matter of subjective
Sections. interpretation. The scope clause defines the extent
a) The subject matter may require subdivision and limitations of the subject matter covered by
according to the needs of different types of user, the standard. If the standard covers a particular
e.g. between aspects covering materials, aspect only, e.g. dimensions, this should be stated.
manufacture, installation and maintenance. (See 4.2.3 The scope, clause should be sufficiently
also 5.1.2.) self-contained and inclusive to be taken as a
b) Different types of standards may be needed, definition of the function of the standard. It can
e.g. one Part can be a specification and another therefore be significant in the event of a dispute. It
a method of specifying. is worded as a statement and never contains
c) Differences in the rates of technological requirements.
development may suggest the need for separate 4.2.4 Forms of expression such as the following
Parts. are used:
d) Separate Parts or Sections may be appropriate
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if some aspects of the work are international or ‘This British Standard (or ‘This Part/Section of
European and some purely national. BS ...’)
e) If the subject is extensive, it may take an specifies requirements for ...’,
unacceptable time to complete the preparatory the characteristics of . ..’ ,
work for publication in one document. It may
also be difÎicult subsequently to keep it up to the dimensions of ...’,
date and eventually to revise it. describes a method of ...’,
f) If a standard is likely to be so large that it is the way in which ...’ ,
physically difficult to use, it may be preferable to
gives recommendations for ...’,
subdivide it into more manageable Parts or
Sections. guidance on ...’,
4.1.3 If a series of similar or related standards is to establishes the nomenclature for ...’,
be issued, a model document should first be agreed a system for ...’,
as the method of presentation to be followed, in defines terms for ...’.
order to achieve consistency within the series.
4 ’
4.1.4 The intended relationship between a

standard and other documents relevant to its use, 4.3 Terminology
such as regulations, should be kept in mind and 4.3.1 Clearly defined, unambiguous terminology is
will often need to be explained. essential and should be uniform and consistent
throughout a standard or related series of
standards. The same concept should always be
denoted by the same term. Synonyms should be
avoided.

BSI BS*O: P A R T * 3 O 1 9 1624669 0386132 998 9
4.3.2 Any British Standard glossary (see satisfied. Individual requirements should be stated,
section 10) that covers the subject of the standard as appropriate, either as the exclusive conditions
should be used for reference. Terminology not for conformity or in the form of a set of choices
included in a British Standard glossary and not (see 5.3). Requirements should always be expressed
specifically defined should follow the generally in terms consistent with the objectives of the
accepted usage among the parties concerned. If, standard as defined in the scope clause: for
for particular reasons, certain terms are used in a example, in a specification for a product they
more specialized or limited sense than that defined should relate to the required attributes of the
in a British Standard glossary, or if technical or product and not to the actions to be taken by users
other terms not defined in a glossary are used in a of the product.
special way because of differences in their use in
4.4.2 The language of standards should be simple,
different industries or contexts, such terms should
always be specifically defined in the definitions concise and unambiguous. Information should be
clause. tabulated wherever possible and simplified systems
of calculation given if available. Diagrams should be
4.3.3 The definitions clause contains all terms and used to illustrate principles where necessary
definitions considered necessary for the clear and (see 3.4.2).
unambiguous interpretation of the standard. It
contains the following:
4.5 Verbal forms
a) reference to existing standard glossaries as
appropriate; 4.5.1 Verbal forms should be consistent
b) the key terms used in the standard and their throughout a standard, the appropriate form
definitions; depending upon the nature of the provisions
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expressed (see also 8.4 and 9.2).

c) terms and definitions which depart from
accepted general usage or the usage defined in 4.5.2, Requirements are expressed by use of the
the relevant standard glossary; auxiìiary ‘shall’ or as procedural instructions using
introduced by whichever of the following is the imperative mood.
applicable: 4.5.3 Recommendations are expressed by the use
of the auxiliary ‘should’.
‘For the purposes of this British Standard, the
definitions given in BS ... apply (together with 4.5.4 The use of ‘may’ is appropriate to indicate a
the following).’ course of action permissible within the limits of the
standard, but should be avoided if there is a risk of
‘For the purposes of this British Standard (or this misunderctanding.
Part of BS ...), the following definitions apply.’
4.5.5 Statements of possibility and capability are
4.3.4 The definitions take the dictionary form as expressed by the use of ‘can’.
outlined in BS 3669 : 1963. Definitions never 4.5.6 Certain inescapable facts or requirements,
contain requirements. The terms defined (set in relevant to the scope of a standard but applicable
bold type in the printed publication) are placed on outside and above its provisions, may need to be
a separate line, starting with a lower case letter, stated. These should be referred to in notes, with
except for any term that always starts with a the regulatoryhfety or other reason explained. To
capital letter. avoid confusion between the provisions of a
The definitions start with a capital letter. The standard and such external obligations, the
point-numbering system is used where two or more auxiliary ‘must’ is never used to state a
definitions are given. requirement of a British Standard.
4.3.5 Trade names should be avoided (see 15.4).
4.6 Readership
4.4 Clarity 4.6.1 British Standards are generally intended for
4.4.1 R x t should be so drafted that no statement use by people who have suitable qualifications and
is likely to be misunderstood; the exposition should experience in the subject with which they deal. In
be clear, succinct and logical; there should be no appropriate cases, attention may be drawn to this
contradictions between one passage of text and limitation by a suitable paragraph in the foreword
another; requirements once specified should not be or other suitable place, e.g. :
varied or made optional by subsequent text so as to
leave the user uncertain as to the final ‘It has been assumed in the drafting of this
requirement. No standard should be written in British Standard that the execution of its
such a way as to suggest that compliance with it provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified
may be claimed without its requirements being and experienced people.’
Copyright British Standards Institution 11

BSI BS*O: P A R T * 3 CIL m 1624669 038b133 824 D
Bs o :Part 3 : 1991 Section 4
4.6.2 All British Standards include the following 4.8.2 Some British Standards however are
notice: accorded statutory recognition as a means of
complying with specific legal requirements. In such
‘Any person who finds an inaccuracy or British Standards the wording given in 4.8.1 is
ambiguity while using this British Standard qualified by wording along the following lines:
should notify BSI without delay so that the
matter may be investigated swiftly.’ ‘ ... Nevertheless, compliance with this British
Standard is cited idunder ... as a means of
compliance with the ... Act/Regulations.’
4.7 Contract considerations
4.7.1 It is the responsibility of contracting parties 4.8.3 Readers’ attention should be drawn to any
to invoke standards in contracts in such a way that statutory regulations which either invoke the
the provisions can be enforced between the parties. standard or of which it is important that users of
All standards include the following notice: the standard should be aware. The responsible
regulatory authorities should be consulted. A list of
‘A British Standard does not purport to include any such regulations should follow the text given in
all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users 4.8.1 or 4.8.2, introduced by the following
of British Standards are responsible for their wording:
correct application.’
‘Attention is drawn to the following statutory
4.7.2 In the use of British Standard methods and regulations ...’ (state the titles).
British Standard codes of practice, the possibility of
confusion with British Standard specifications may See also 13.4.2, 13.5.5 and 13.7.4.
arise. Statements should therefore be included,
when appropriate, in the forewords, as indicated I
in 8.1.2 and 9.4.1.
4.8 Legal considerations

4.8.1 Clauses are not included in a British
Standard that specifically require compliance with
legal requirements, since standards users are
expected to obey the law regardless of whether or
not they comply with standards. The following
wording appears in all British Standards in bold
type immediately after the foreword:
‘Compliance with a British Standard does not of

itself confer immunity from legal obligations.’
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12
B S I BS*O: P A R T * 3 01 = Lb24bbï 038bL34 760
Section 5. Drafting of specifications: general principles
5.1 Function and scope of specifications method of specifying, as a basis for documenting
agreement of application-dependent details. If such
5.1.1 A specification is a detailed set of separation is impracticable, a specification may be
requirements to be satisfied by a product, material, produced in accordance with annex D, having
process or system, indicating the procedures for cerîain requirements which are fixed and others
checking conformity to these requirements. For which depend upon the context of the application.
information or guidance (see 5.2.2) a checklist may
be provided of matteis related to but outside the
scope of the specification requirements, on which 5.2 Structure
contractual agreement is appropriate. Alternatively, 5.2.1 All applicable requirements of a specification
such information may be published separately in have to be satisfied if compliance with it is to be
the form of a British Standard method of specifying claimed. These requirements are stated in the
(see 8.6). In such cases all that is standardized is a clauses forming the normative elements of the
particular way of setting down requirements for specification. The methods by which conformity
contractual purposes. may be verified are given by reference to separate
5.1.2 Every requirement of a British Standard British Standard methods (see 8.1.2 and 17.3.2), in
specification should be written with regard to the annexes called up at the appropriate points in the
interface, typically purchaser and supplier, stated main text, or in the main text itself.
in or implied by the scope. If there is likely to be 5.2.2 Paragraphs giving information or guidance
any ambiguity, the interface should be stated. Such should not be included as normative elements of a
a requirement may convey information to other specification but should be separated and appear in
parties but the form of words adopted will the foreword, in notes or in informative annexes.
normally be appropriate to one interface only.
5.1.3 For ease of reference and implementation, a 5.3 Grades and options
separate specification (or separate Part or Section)
for each separate interface is preferable where a 5.3.1 Many specifications provide ranges of values
succession of interfaces is involved. Care should be and multi-choice characteristics, from which a
taken to avoid specifying requirements in a purchaser needs to make a selection when
standard that can be complied with only by ordering. An example of this is BS 4040 for petrol,
someone concerned with a different area of control which provides for three grades of petrol
(e.g. requirements for the storage and use of a distinguished by octane rating and suitable for cars
product after it has left the hands of the party and light commercial vehicles.
responsible for compliance with the specification). NOTE.‘Grade’ is defined in BS 4778 : Part 1 : 1987 as an
indication of the degree of refinement of a material or product.
5.1.4 For specifications that establish requirements It is distinct from ‘quality level’, which indicates the extent of
for a sequence of processes or operations which are departure from the ideal.
individually incomplete but collectively directed to
5.3.2 if a specification covers several grades of
the completion of a definable task or the product, manufacturers may not necessarily make
construction of a discrete product or installation, a all of these. It should therefore be made clear in
single comprehensive specification may be
any marking clause (see 6.4.1) that care should be
preferable. In such cases, the separate interfaces taken that claims of compliance are made only f o r
involved should be clearly identified in the scope, the relevant grades of product.
and the requirements and references to methods of
verifying conformity applicable at each interface 5.3.3 The practicability of arranging the
should be grouped together in separate sections requirements of the specification into a range of
within the specification. An example of this suitably coded types or grades should be considered
presentation is BS 6374 : Part 3. at the earliest stage, and appropriate wording
included in the scope clause. An informative annex
5.1.5 There is an occasional need for a may provide a checklist of the decisions to be made
specification to define some particular attributes or
by the specifier.
parameters through an interactive procedure of
information exchange between the parties 5.3.4 If it is evident that the treatment of options
concerned according to the circumstances of the (e.g. because of a series of variables) is becoming
application of the standard. If practicable, such unwieldy, the coverage of the project as a whole
standards should be divided into separate Parts, should be reviewed. It may be advisable to divide
one being a specification for the characteristics the British Standard into Parts to deal with
that can be defined objectively and the other a significantly different items.
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Bs o : Part 3 : 1991 Section 5
5.4 Additions 5.7.2 Advice on means of verifying conformity to

,specification requirements should initially be
As distinct from comprising a range from which to sought from within the sector of industry or
choose when ordering, a British Standard commerce concerned. Third party certification
specification may take the form of a set of basic bodies and testing laboratories may provide
requirements with optional extras. These should be guidance to committees on the drafting of
specified, in no less detail than the basic requirements in specifications related to their
requirements, in clauses introduced by words such experience. Such bodies should draw immediate
as ‘If provided ...’ or ‘If fitted ...’, and attention attention to any reasons that preclude objective
should be drawn to them in the foreword. verification of conformity to a specification as
drafted, suggesting amendments if possible.
5.5 Preferences 5.7.3 In addition, the Secretary to the Quality,
Statements that particular sizes, forms, techniques, Management and Statistics Standards Policy
etc. are ‘preferred’ do not constitute requirements. Committee (QMS/-), which is responsible for the
They should therefore be given only in notes or development of general quality control
annexes (see 5.2.2) as appropriate for items of specifications and guidance standards on quality
information or guidance. Such statements need to assurance, provides an advisory service to assist
be clearly justified by their benefits to ali users, both B I staff and committees in the use of
and should be scrutinized carefully to ensure that standard quality control systems, sampling schemes
they do not, confer commercial advantage. and reliability. Early advice should be sought from
this source on any of these issues.
5.6 Values 5.7.4 For general guidance, annex E provides a
When values are specified, it should be made quite more detailed summary of considerations affecting
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clear whether they are maximum or minimum the drafting of cgnformity criteria linked to
values or subject to tolerances that should be appropriate measurement, testing, inspection and
stated (see 18.2.6), or whether they are nominal sampling provisions. It is essential that methods of
values. verifying conformity to a specification are
considered at the same time as the specification is
being produced.
5.7 Methods of verifying conformity to
requirements 5.8 Third party certification, inspection
5.7.1 The wording of a specification should enable and quality system assessment
conformity to its requirements to be verified
equally by first party (supplier), second party 5.8.1 Certification or inspection as a
(purchaser) or independent third party certifier. requirement
Criteria for claiming compliance should be stated in A British Standard specification may include a
a British Standard specification in such a way that, requirement for certification and inspection but
however the claim is made and supported, exactly only in objective terms so that it is open to any
the same requirements are satisfied (see also 5.3). appropriate third party to carry it out. British
From this point of view specifications should be Standards should not be written so as to make
drafted as if a third party were to be called upon to compliance dependent on one specific source of
verify conformity. In this respect it is particularly third party certification or inspection.
important to distinguish between conformity’) of A note may draw attention to third party
each and every item, conformity of a product or organizations which may, for instance, be the
material specified in quantity, conformity of a nominated authority for providing certification in
process and conformity of a management system. the field under an EC directive. This should not
suggest preclusion of provision of the service by
other bodies. 4
’) See 17.3.4 on the use of ‘comply’ and ‘conform’
14
Section 5
B S I BSuO: P A R T * 3 DL = Lb24bb9 038bL3b 5 3 3
BS O : Part 3 : 1991
5.8.2 References to third party product

certification and quality system assessment
schemes
The technical committee should always consider
encouraging certification to a product specification.
lèxt on the following lines may be included in the
foreword or as a note at an appropriate point in the
text:
?Productcwtif2cation. Users of this British

Standard are advised to consider the desirability
of third party certification of product conformity
with this British Standard based on testing and
continuing product surveillance which may be
coupled with assessment of a supplier?s quality
systems against the appropriate Part of BS 5750.
Enquiries as to the availability of third party
certification schemes are forwarded by BSI to the
Association of Certification Bodies. If a third
party certification scheme does not already exist,
users should consider approaching an appropriate
body from the list of Association members.?
Where product certification would be
inappropriate, the use of third party assessment of d
quality systems may similarly be encouraged by
text on the following lines:
?Assesedcapubility. Users of this British
Standard are advised to consider the desirability
of quality system assessment and registration
against the appropriate Part of BS 5750 by a
third party certification body.?
5.8.3 Legislative requirements for certification

Where Government makes a specific form of third
party certification to a standard a legal
requirement, a statement of the regulatory
requirement is included in the foreword of the
standard on the following lines:
?Certificationrequirement. Attention is drawn

to the fact that the ... Regulations require ... to
be certified as conforming to this British
Standard. The designated certification mark is ...
Details of this certification service are given on
the inside back cover.?
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Copyright British Standards Institution 15

BSI B S t O : P A R T t 3 01 Lb24bbî 038bL37 47T
BS O : Part 3 : 1991 Section 6
Section 6. Specifications for products
6.1 Scope of specifications for products 6.3 Coding

6.1.1 Specifications for products can relate either A specification that deals with a range of types,
to a complete product or to parts of it, with sizes or grades of a product (see 5.3) should
‘product’ defined either as a single item or as a incorporate a systematic classification and a
quantity of items. In each case, only certain suitable marking requirement to inform the reader
characteristics may need to be specified. The of the range that is standardized and to aid
preparation of a specification ïor a product should identification of products and claims of Compliance.
start by defining the function and purpose of the The coding system should be capable of extension
product, bearing in mind what actually changes to accommodate new grades, etc.
hands at the interface in question (see 5.1.2). NOTE 1. The term “?pe QX’ is not used in Brítish Standards
Within the scope of a specification, the product because of a Ministry of Defence requirement that it is
specifically reserved to indicate material of a type compatible
being specified can embrace a range of items of with explosives.
different size, colour, form, etc. provided that they N m 2. Annex E of Part 2 of the IEC/ISO Directives : 1989 and
ali meet specified requirements. In addition to annex H of Part 3 of the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations :
requirements common to all items within the 1990 describe systems for the designation of standardized items.
definition of the product, the specification may
also include requirements specific to particular
materials, particular methods of manufacture or 6.4 Product marking and documentation
certain physical characteristics. 6.4.1 Marking
NOTE. Bble 1 illustrates the structure of a typical product A specification for a product should include a
specification.
marking clause, requiring the marking, labelling or
6.1.2 Certain products cannot generally be defined documenting of the product with the number and
as discrete items (e.g. powders, liquids, materials year of the standard and means of identifying the
produced continuously) but for testing purposes, manufacturer. Rdquirements for indicating any
for instance, it may be necessary to define them in rating, grade, type or size should also be included
specific quantities. (see 6.3). Marking clauses should thus specify the
following, where applicable:
6.1.3 Where it is important to the function and
use of the product, the specification should also a) any marking to be used to signify the British
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include requirements for packaging and for the Standard product;

provision of accompanying instructions for b) the means of presentation of such marking;
installation, use, etc. (See also 6.4.2 and 13.4.5 c) the location on the product (in some cases, the
to 13.4.7.) package) where such marking should appear.
Whenever marking clauses appear in specifications
6.2 Descriptive and performance for products, the distinction between unilateral
requirements claims of compliance and third party certification
(see 5.8.1) is drawn to the attention of users, in a
6.2.1 Specifications may lay down the footnote worded as follows:
characteristics of a product in terms of its size,
shape, materials, etc. or the functions it has to ‘Marking I33 ... : 19.. on or in relation to a
perform, such as carrying loads or resisting the product represents a manufacturer’s declaration
passage of sound. In the latter case, performance of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on behalf of the
levels for the required functions are defined and a manufacturer that the product meets the
method of test is given for each appropriate requirements of the standard. The accuracy of
characteristic. These two approaches are often the claim is solely the claimant’s responsibility.
combined in one specification. Such a declaration is not to be confused with
third party certification of conformity, which
6.2.2 Specifying performance in relation to
may also be desirable.’
conditions of use can offer greater freedom for .
i
innovation within the specification but generally
calls for more elaborate methods of test. Certain
aspects of performance may not be quantifiable
and will remain subject to agreement between the
purchaser and the supplier and hence outside the
specification (see 5.1.1). BS 6629 is an example of
a specification in which the requirements are
expressed predominantly in performance terms.
16
E S 1 BSlrO: PARTlr3 01 D II624669 038bII38 306 D
6.4.2 Informative labelling

Where it is helpful to the purchaser or final user of
a product to bring out salient attributes, a form of
informative labelling should be specified. Other
information may also be required, such as
instructions for installation, use or maintenance of
a product, hazard warnings (see 13.4.4), date of
manufacture or sheìf-Me.
Requirements for informative labelling should be
worded carefully, with regard to the Trade
Descriptions Act 1968 [ i], to encourage realistic
expectations on the part of the user in relation to
the properties of the product.
If a label is required to be attached to the product
or its package, the standard should specify the
nature of the label and how it is to be attached.
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B S I BS*O: P A R T S 3 01 M Lb24bb9 038bL39 242 M
Section 7. Other types of specification
NOTE. See PD 6501 : Part 1 for a description of practice 7.3 Specifications for systems
specifications which are sometimes used in building and civil
engineering fields. 7.3.1 Specifications for systems are a less common
type of British Standard specification, in which
7.1 Specifications for materials requirements are harder to define and to verify.
They often form one of a series of standards which
Specifications for materials, whether relating to may include product specifications, methods and
natural materials or synthetic materials, may be codes of practice, and their function is to establish
regarded in the same manner as product the requirements to which a completed, installed
specifications, except that more emphasis may be system should conform.
necessary on defining limits for individual
properties and on sampling and acceptance testing 7.3.2 An example of such a series is BS 4737, of
(see annex E). which Farts 1 and 2 specify the requirements to be
satisfied by installed intruder alarm systems in
buildings, part 3 specifies in several Sections the
7.2 Specifications for processes requirements for individual components of the
7.2.1 The objective of a process specification is to system and Part 4 comprises Sections, in the form
prescribe the steps to be taken in the manufacture of codes of practice, dealing with maintenance. A
of a product. declaration of conformity for an installed system
has to be made with reference to Part 1 or Part 2,
7.2.2 The principal characteristic of a process as appropriate. These Parts incorporate the
specification is that it places emphasis on detailed requirements of the appropriate component
stages of manufacture and the conditions under specifications from Part 3, by selective reference.
which they are to be carried out, with regard, Conformity of individual components covered by
where appropriate, to specified attributes of the Part 3 can be cl+imed only by reference to the
product to be manufactured. Emphasis is placed particular Section that specifies their requirements.
upon testing during the process, production control
and the maintenance of manufacturer’s records.
7.2.3 An example of a process specification is
BS 6446, which specifies requirements for the
manufacture of structural components made from
timber products that are glued together in the
process of fabrication. Such a process requires the
detailed specification of conditions and control of
manufacturing and monitoring of individual
component properties, e.g. moisture content, as
well as definitive specification of appropriate
adhesives, nails, etc.
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18
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Section 8. Methods
8.1 Function of methods 8.4 Verbal forms

8.1.1 In drafting methods, the aim is to state The procedural parts of a method are given in the
clearly and completely the way in which the imperative form, as a direct instruction. The
activity is performed and how conclusions are present tense is generally used for the description
reached. It is important that the precision of any of apparatus (e.g. ‘the platform is supported by
method should be appropriate for the stated four struts’) but the prescriptive ‘shall’ may also be
purpose (see BS 5497 and annex E). appropriate. In other clauses (e.g. safety
precautions, test report) requirements are indicated
8.1.2 A method called up by two or more by the prescriptive ‘shall’.
specifications (see 5.2.1) is usually published as a
separate British Standard. In such a method, it may
be appropriate to warn readers that the method 8.6 Arrangement of clauses
should not be confused with a specification In the absence of well-established alternative
(see 2 . 1 4 , by including the following statement in conventions among the users of the method in
the foreword: question, the following example illustrates an
appropriate order for the clauses in chemical
‘This British Standard describes methods of ... methods of test:
only, and should not be used or quoted as a a) principle;
specification (for.. .). References to this standard
should indicate that the methods of ...used are b) reagents or materials;
in accordance with BS ...,’ c) apparatus;
d) preparation and preservation of test samples
and test specimens;
8.2 Kinds of method
e) procedure;
The following examples indicate the range of
different kinds of method: f) expression of results, including method of
calculation and precision of the test method;
a) methods of measurement?), e.g. BS 5363,
BS 5694, BS 5806, BS 5857; g) test report.
b) methods for determination, e.g. BS 5381,
BS 5706, BS 5859; 8.6 Methods of specifying
c) methods of verifying conformity to a specific 8.6.1 A method of specifying sets out in order the
requirement using a ‘go, no-go’ basis for finding characteristics of a product, material, process or
the result, e.g. BS 5777; system from which selection has to be made and to
d) methods for sampling and analysis, which values may have to be assigned to enable a
e.g. BS 4289, BS 5309, BS 5987; purchaser to communicate requirements to a
e) methods of specifying, e.g. BS 5328 : Part 2, manufacturer.
BS 5862, BS 6688; 8.6.2 Such a standard may also establish essential
f) methods of evaluating (performance), definitions and methods of verification and give
e.g. BS 5558 : Part 1. guidance on factors to be considered when
specifying requirements.
8.6.3 A method of specifying can provide the basis
8.3 Terminology for understanding and agreement between
contracting parties, by giving direction for the
Several terms and their definitions relevant to the formulation of enquiries and the placing of tenders
standardization of methods are given in BS 4778, and orders.
BS 5233 and BS 5532.
8.6.4 Preparation of a method of specifying can be
preferred to*preparation of a specification in
circumstances where general agreement on a
standard range of values for the various attributes
of a product is neither practicable nor realistic.
Methods of test and methods of measuremat. Strictly, a method of test is the means of ascertaining whether a product, inaterial o r
process passes or fails a requirement, whilst the result of a method of measurement is a value on a scale. If a specification defines a
particular value as the pass/fail criterion for a requirement to be satisfied, it may appropriately call up a method of measurement as
the method of test. ‘Method of test’ therefore also has a wider meaning as the generic term used to denote any method invoked to
determine conformity to a specified requirement.
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BSI BSXO: PARTS3 O 1 1 b 2 4 b b î 03Bbl141 î T O
Section 9. Codes of practice
9.1 Function of codes of practice 9.4 Relationship between codes of

The main function of codes of practice is to practice and specifications
recommend good, accepted practice as followed by
competent practitioners. Codes bring together the 9.4.1 Whilst British Standard specifications and
results of practical experience and scientific British Standard codes of practice are interrelated
investigation in a form that enables those and most codes refer extensively to appropriate
concerned to make immediate use of them in specifications, it should be borne in mind that a
particular branches of industry. code does not in itself provide a specification
(see 3.2 of BS O : Part 1 : 1991). The following
statement should be included in the foreword to
9.2 Verbal forms codes of practice:
Codes of practice consist of recommendations,
employing the auxiliary ‘should’. The word ‘shall’ ‘As a code of practice, this British Standard takes
is not appropriate in a code. If emphasis is the form of guidance and recommendations. It
required, the wording ‘it is essential that ... is ...’ should not be quoted as if it were a specification
is preferred. The word ‘must’ is never used and particular care should be taken to ensure
(see 4.5.6). that claims of compliance are not misleading.’
9.4.2 Requirements relevant to manufacturing

9.3 Presentation processes that normally take place before materials
or equipment leave the manufacturer fall within
9.3.1 Codes should not become textbooks. It is not the province of British Standard specifications, and
necessary to cover every detail and possible such requirements should find their expression in
variation but, if the committee considers it codes by a refeqnce to the appropriate
desirable, the principles underlying a particular specification. Where information in a specification
practice should be discussed or explained in the is particularly relevant to the subject matter of a
publication. Specific recommendations for avoiding code, an extract or summary may be included in
certain existing practices should be made only if the code, usually as an annex, but manufacturing
tacit approval of these practices would otherwise requirements not included in a specification should
be assumed by the reader or if the practices in not be introduced into any code. It is only
question may be hazardous. Where appropriate, a appropriate to include a description of the product
code should give a series of options and identify or material to be used, or suitable types of
the implications of accepting them. products or materials.
9.3.2 Separate publication should always be 9.4.3 If the technical committee concerned with
considered for parts of a code intended for the preparation of a code considers that additional
different users. The best method of presenting a or modified manufacturing requirements not
particular code should be decided in relation to the covered by a British Standard specification are
needs of its users, but, if there is an overriding needed, the matter should be raised with the
preference for a comprehensive code that embraces technical committee responsible for the
all the relevant interfaces, the arrangement of its specification in question.
constituent sections and its structure should be
based on similar principles to those laid down for
specifications in 5.1.4.
9.3.3 A uniform framework for the presentation of
information in codes should be adopted as far as
practicable for codes of the same type. The
following order of headings would be appropriate
for the sections or separate Parts of a
comprehensive construction code:
a) general information (scope, definitions, list of
documents, exchange of information, etc.);
b) materials, appliances and components;
c) design aspects;
d) work off site;
e) work on site;
f) inspection and testing;
g) maintenance.
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20
Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
Licensee=University of Hong Kong/5910986001
Not for Resale, 04/03/2006 21:08:41 MDT
BSI BS*O: P A R T * 3 01 m L b 2 4 b b î 038bL42 837 m
Section 10. Glossaries
10.1 Function of glossaries 10.2.3 If a definition of a term proposed for a

British Standard varies substantially from an
British Standard glossaries bring together agreed accepted trade usage of that term, advice should
sets of terms and definitions for reference. be sought from the Institute of Trading Standards
NOTE. Glossaries, when published as international standards, Administration in case the proposal might give rise
are known as vocabularies.
to any infringement of the Trade Descriptions Act
1968 [ i ] .
10.2 Definitions
NOTE. The guidance given in this section applies equally to
definitions clauses in other types of British Standard. See also
10.3 Arrangement and presentation of
4.3 for general guidance on terminology in standards. glossaries
10.2.1 A definition states the concept for which a 10.3.1 A glossary should usually be arranged
term stands. It should be complete in words according to its concepts, not by its terms, and
without recourse to illustration or example though, should be classified throughout. The classification
if helpful, these may be added as a note. The class of the contents need not be one of rigid logic but
to which the concept belongs and the features that should be a practical matter of convenience.
distinguish it from other members of the class are
stated (see BS 3669 : 19633)). For example ‘bond’ 10.3.2 When they are used in other definitions in
could be defined as ‘the linkage between atoms the same glossary, defined terms are shown in
within a molecule’, i.e. ‘bond’ is a member of the italics. Non-preferred and deprecated terms4) are
class ‘linkages’, distinguished from other members distinguished from preferred terms by a different
of the class by its being the particular linkage that typeface.
binds atoms into a molecule. A synonymous term 10.3.3, A glossary should normally contain the
does not provide a definition. foliowing:
10.2.2 Definitions are considered to be valid a) a contents list, directing the reader to the
within the scope of the subject field covered by the various aspects of the subject treated;
glossary. It should be borne in mind that b) classified sections giving the terms and
‘dictionary’ words can change their meaning or be definitions, numbered by section and subsection,
defined in different ways according to the context; e.g. the twelfth term in the tenth subsection of
a technical term needs to be defined precisely. If a section 5 would be numbered 510 12, in which 5
term is to be given a narrower meaning than is the section, 510 the tenth subsection and
generally accepted, this is indicated by a 510 12 the twelfth definition (the numbers being
qualification, e.g. for use only as a retrieval mechanism and not as
‘arrangement a code or classification);
In archives, the restoration of pre-existing order.’ c) an alphabetical index in which each item
Qualification is particularly useful and important if (term) is followed by the number under which it
more than one meaning is to be referred to by the will be found in the glossary (i.e. not the page
same term, e.g. number).
‘washable
1) Of paint. Capable of being washed without

loss of colour.
2) Of ink. Capable of being removed by washing
without leaving a stain.’
NCTrE. Nomenclature may be explained by labelled diagranis if
definitions are impracticable. (See, for example, figures 1 and 2
of BS 328 : Part 1 : 1986, which show the nomenclature of twist
drills. )
’) The recommendations given in BS 3669 for the selection and definition of technical terms are intended for wide application. Not
all of its provisions apply to British Standard glossaries.
4, Such terms are given only in glossaries.
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No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 04/03/2006 21:08:41 MDT 91
B S I BSsO: PART*3 O L = Lb24bb9 0386343 773
BsO:J?art3:1991 Section 11
Section 11. Drafts for Development -

A review of this Draft for Development wilì be
carried out not later than 2 years after its
publication. Notification of the start of the
review period, with a request for the submission
11.1 Principles of comments from uses of this Draft for
11.1.1 A Draft for Development (DD) is published Development, will be made in an announcement
when guidance is urgently needed on a particular in the appropriate issue of Ei" News.
subject, but insufficient experience is available on According to the replies received, the responsible
which to base a British Standard. A Draft for BSI Committee wiìl judge whether the Draft for
Development should not be seen as the easy way Development can be converted into a British
out to salvage an unsuccessful British Standard Standard or what other action should be taken.
project. Observations which it is felt should receive
11.1.2 Drafts for Development are particularly attention before the official call for comments
advantageous for new methods where extensive will be welcomed.
use is needed to establish satisfactory precision. These should be sent to the Secretary of BSI
Technical Committee ... /... at (appropriate BSI
11.1.3 No Draft for Development should be address).'
published unless there is clearly sufficient interest
to ensure that experience will be gained and Additionally, reference may be made in the
feedback reported. The committee responsible foreword to specific matters which should be
should plan appropriate means of publicizing the observed during the triai period, to facilitate
existence and purpose of the Draft for subsequent comment, and to any special feedback
"&evebpment, and of ensuring effective feedback. facilities, e.g. questionnaires, being employed.
11.1.4 Drafts for Development are also published to 11.3.2 Drafts of European origin
implement the prestandar& (ENV) issued by The foìiowing introductory statement is included in the
European standards organizations. Experience gained naüonai foreword of every Draft for Development
with their use is reported to the European organization implementing a European Prestandard.
responsible for converting the prestandard into a
European Standard. On the basis of this experience, 'This publication is not to be regarded as a
the corresponding BSi committee will decide whether British Standard
to propose to the European standards organization It is being issued in the Draft for Development
that the prestandard should: series of publications and is of a provisional nature
because [reason stated]. It should be applied on this
a) be converted into a European Standard; provisiind basis so that information and
b) have its life extended; experience of its practical application may be
c) bewithdrawn. obtained.
Comments arising from the use of this Draft for
11.2 Presentation Development are requested so that UK experience
The guidance in the preceding sections on the can be reported to the European organization
presentation of the different types of standard responsible for its conversion to a European
material applies to Drafts for Development; the .
Standard. A review of this publication will be
wording of a Draft for Development should reflect initiated 2 years after its publication by the
as closely as possible the form of the British European organization so that a decision can be
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Standard that is ultimately envisaged. taken on its status at the end of its three-year life.
The commencement of the review period will be
notifed by an announcement in B I Naos.
1.3 Introductory statement
fi 11.3.1 Drafts of national origin
According to the replies received by the end of the
review period, the responsible BSI Committee will
decide whether to support the conversion into a
European Standard, to extend the life of the
prestandard or to withdraw it. Comments should be
The foilowing introductory statement is included in sent in writing to the Secretary of BSI Technical
every Draft for Developmentof national origin Committee Idesignation] at [address] giving the
A
J
'This publication is not to be regarded as a

document reference and clause number and
prowing, where possible, an appropriate revision
British Standard of the text.
It is being issued in the Draft for Development Reference should be made in the national foreword to
series of publications and is of a provisional any British Standards on the same subject that will
nature because ... (reason stated). It should be remain in force during the life of the prestandard but
applied on this provisional basis, so that will be withdrawn after it has been converted into a
information and experience of its practical European Standard and implemented as a British
application may be obtained. Standard. Any informative national annexes (see 16.4)
in the Draft for Development added to give guidance
- on provisions of the prestandard have to be referred to
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS in thc national
Not for foreword.
Resale, 04/03/2006 21:08:41 MDT
B S I BS*O: PART*3 01 m L b 2 4 b b ï 03BbL44 bOT m
Section 12. Amendments to standards publications
NOTE. Attention is drawn to the procedure for the updating and 12.3 Amending tables and drawings
amendment of standards by the issue of new editions (see 3.6.2
of Bs o : Part 2 : 1991). When amending tables, great care is necessary to
identify precisely the item to be altered. This is
12.1 Arrangement and content generally done by reference to the relevant
column, e.g. ‘in column 2, headed ‘Length”, and
12.1.1 The order in which the amended items are the line, e.g. ‘in line 5, for nominal size ZOO’. For
given follows strictly the order of the text in the complicated tables, or if several alterations are t o
standard. Each item is called up individually as a be made, the revised table or the appropriate
separate instruction, by reference to the relevant portion of it is printed as new matter for
clause, subclause, table or figure number and then substitution,
by reference to the specific passage of text,
e.g. paragraph, sentence or line. Page references If drawings are amended, the revised drawing is
are not used. printed in the amendment as new matter for
substitution. If the alteration is not obvious, the
12.1.2 If a passage of text has already been instruction is accompanied by an account in words
altered by the issue of an earlier amendment, of the nature of the change made in the drawing.
reference to this is included, e.g. Worded instructions alone are inadmissible.
‘Clause 3.2 Materiais (as amended by Amendment
No. 2)’. Amendments in such cases are always
worded by reference to the text of the standard as 12.4 Inclusion of new pages
amended by previous amendments and are not Some amendments provide replacement sheets,
worded as if they were amending the text of often as part of an updating service. In such GLSCS,
previous amendments themselves. the top page of the amendment carries instructions
12.1.3 The wording of a textual insertion should to de;ete and substitute, remove and replace, as
be consistent in style with that of the standard appropriate, and the new text is displayed on the
being amended. following pages, separately from the instructions.
12.1.4 Guidance on the identification numbering
of amendments is given in A.8. The identification
number is given in a formal style at the head of the
first page of the amendment and includes the date
of publication and the effective date (see B.3),
together with a description of the content,
i.e. ‘Revised text’, ‘Additional text’, ‘Corrections’,
‘Deletions’.
12.2 Amendment instructions

The wording used in amendments is a direct
instruction to ‘delete and substitute’, ‘insert’ or
simply ‘delete’, as appropriate. Wording such as
‘amend _..to read’, ‘change ... to’ or ‘the text
should be read as is not used.. . . I ,
For the insertion, substitution or deletion of short

portions of text such as a word, phrase or part of a
sentence, the relevant text is included, within
quotation marks, in the same sentence as the
instruction, e.g. ‘in line 3, delete ‘fuse, 100 p A
and substitute ‘fuse, 100 mA”.
For larger passages, e.g. a complete sentence,
paragraph or clause, the new text is placed on a 4
separate line, preceded by the words ‘Delete ...

and substitute the following.’
For insertions, the location should be described
with precision, e.g. ‘Insert ... between the second
and third sentence’. The word ‘add’ is not used.
For deletions, the precise extent of the deleted
passage should be delineated either by description,
e.g. ‘Delete paragraph 2’, or by giving the opening
and closing words of the passage, e.g. ‘Delete, in
lines 3 to 5, the text beginning ‘if fitted ...’ and
ending ‘shall be of 25 mm diameter.”
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E S 1 BS+O: PART+3 01 1624669 0386145 546 =
Section 13. Health and safety
13.1 Standards and safety statutory requirements, i.e. the ‘deemed to satisfy’
Safety is defined in BS 4778 : Section 3.1 : 1991 as approach noted in 3.3 of ES O : Part 1 : 1991.
‘the freedom from unacceptable risks of personal Compliance with the relevant standards is then a
harm’ and is briefly noted as one of the aims of defence against prosecution under such
standardization in 2.1 of Bs O : Part 1 : 1991. regulations. If regulations exist or are under
Every British Standard can make a contribution to consideration, standards that may be invoked
personal safety at a basic level by establishing should be written in terms suitable for legislative
identification marking or defining technical terms purposes. These purposes should be precisely
so that they have the same meaning to everyone. identified as a first step in drafting the standard.
Some standards are specifically directed towards
health and safety in the industrial or domestic 13.4 Consumer safety
environment. Specifications of constructional or 13.4.1 British Standards affecting the safety of
performance requirements, with related methods of consumer products should be established with a
test, set an acceptable level of product safety in view to their statutory approval under
use for items such as a car seat-belt or a gas Section 10(3)(b) of the Consumer Protection Act
cylinder. British Standard codes of practice perform 1987 [ Z ] . This provides that standards may be
a similar function on a recommendatory basis, for approved by the Secretary of State as providing
example in relation to lift installations or fire levels of safety that will meet the general safety
precautions. There is no single category of ‘safety requirement imposed by the Act. Consumer goods
standard’. fail to comply with the general safety requirement
Data on injuries associated with a product, or with if they are not safe having regard to all the
similar attributes in other products, help to create circumstances.
awareness of the hazards to be avoided. A 13.4.2;when so appnwed,British Standards may be
committee should, however, be ready to take
action on a standard for reasons of safety. amended to include.the qualifying wording given in
4.8.2 in the following form: A
13.2 Acceptable risk ‘. .. Nevertheless, compliance with this British
Every British Standard should provide levels of Standard is cited under the Approval of Safety
safety that eliminate unacceptable risks, but the Standards Regulations 1987 as a means of
wording should never be such as to lead the reader compliance with the general safety requirement
to believe that compliance with it will bestow imposed by Section 10 of the Consumer
complete freedom from hazard. There is generally a Protection Act 1987.’
point at which increased safety measures add to
the cost of a product in undue proportion to the
added protection they afford. A standard should
achieve the highest practicable level of safety with
13.4.3 Advice on consumer safety issues may be
sought from the Secretary of the Working Group on
Consumer safety Standards of the BSI Consumer
A
Policy Committee. Home accident data, now published
regard to operational requirements, convenience in collated form through the Home Accident
and economics, and the responsible committee SurveillanceSystem, can be vaiuable in assessing the
should reflect with care and foresight upon the nature of product hazards and pinpointing accident
level of safety the user is reasonably entitled to trends. The Consumer Safety Unit of the Department
expect. Hazards associated with the development of Trade and industry is responsible for the system
of new materials, circumstances of use, user and is represented on the Working Group, which may
competence and likely misuse all have to be taken be approached if further in-depth studies on particular
into account in the determination of acceptable
risk. aspects appear necessary.
13.4.4 An appreciation of domestic factors is
13.3 Standards and safety regulations essential in arriving at acceptable safety levels. A
NOTE. See ais0 13.4 and 13.5. hazard that is recognizeg by custom and practice as
The need for standards users to comply with any an integral and functional part of an appliance,
statutory regulations should be a fundamental such as the cutting edge of a knife, is usually
Consideration in the drafting of standards accepted as a reasonable risk. On the other hand,
concerned with safety. The relevant government concealed or unfamiliar hazards present a serious
department(s) should always be consulted at an risk to users. Certain hazards that are allowable in
early stage in drafting to ensure that the proposed the more strictly controlled industrial environment
standard will not conflict with legislation. Readers’ may not be so in the home, where the user will not
attention should be drawn to relevant regulations have the necessary technical knowledge to use the
(see B.7.5g and 4.8). In many fields, regulations product safely. The needs of the very young, the
concerned with safety refer to standards, either elderly and the disabled require special attention as
making them mandatory or recognizing them .as does the extent to which products are likely to be
‘approved’ to provide means of compliance with --`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
misused.
24
E S 1 BS*O: PART*3 O1 3624669 0386346 482
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13.4.5 In making provision for user instructions in 13.5 Health and safety at work
manufacturer’s literature, a consumer product
specification should include appropriate warnings 13.5.1 The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act
to be given in the interests of safety. Requirements 1974 [4] sets out a number of general duties which
for product information should be worded may be supplemented by related health and safety
carefully, with regard to the Trade Descriptions Act regulations made under the Act. The Act and
1968 [i] to encourage realistic expectations on the regulations, together with associated health and
part of the user in relation to the safety and safety legislation, are enforced by inspectors
reliability of the product. Instructions should not, ultimately by way of criminal sanctions. Duties are
however, be seen as an alternative to improvements imposed:
in product design. For advice on the inclusion of a a) on the employer, to ensure the health, safety
reference to the Control of Substances Hazardous and welfare at work of employees (S2)5) and not
to Health Regulations 1988 [ 31, see 13.7.1. to expose persons not in his employment to
13.4.6 Instructions should use simple words and health or safety risks (S3);
phrases, with figures (see 3.4.2) to increase b) on those in control of premises, in relation to
effectiveness. General guidance on the provision of those working or using plant or substances in
instructions for the use of products of consumer them (S4) and in relation to harmful emissions
interest is given in ISO/IEC Guide 37. into the atmosphere (S5);
13.4.7 Guidance on the preparation of technical c) on designers, manufacturers, importers or
manuals is given in BS 4884 : Parts 1 and 2. suppliers of any article for use at work or any
Among basic considerations important to safety in substance, to ensure that they are safe and
use are the following. without risk to health in reasonably foreseeable
circumstances of use or activities closely related
a) Assembly and installation. If an appliance to use and revised in the light of new and serious
needs to be installed by an expert, this should be risks, that the relevant information on safety is
clearly stated. If expert instailation is not provided and that adequate research, testing!
required, any risks associated with assembly or etc. is carried out (S6);
installation should be indicated and clear
step-by-step instructions given. d) on employees, for their own and others’
health and safety (S7).
b) Instructionsfor use. A full description of the
proper application of an appliance is required, 13.5.2 These general duties, and many of the
together with an indication, where relevant, of duties in health and safety regulations, are
its limitations. It is important to list both the qualified by the expression ‘so far as is reasonably
‘dos’ and ‘don’ts’ of product use. When practicable’. This implies taking into account the
describing the risks arising from misuse, current level of practice and balancing the costs of
unexpected or concealed hazards should be given safety measures against the risks involved. A
particular emphasis and explicit instructions for manufacturer or supplier who sells goods
safe use given. If use or misuse by young conforming to a British Standard specification and
children, the aged or the disabled is considered who makes clear the conditions of use for which
likely, any additional risks should be brought to they were intended will thereby, to the extent that
the user’s attention. The importance of adequate the standard was adequate and appropriate, be
lighting to the safe use of an appliance may need able to indicate compliance with his general duty
emphasis. under S6. ‘Iò a similar extent employers, those in
Recommendations should also cover appliances charge of premises and employees will be assisted
not in use, including the switching off and by the provisions of British Standard codes of
unplugging of electrical appliances, and the practice.
storage of articles out of reach of children. 13.5.3 By virtue of the provisions of the Act,
e) Maintenance and servicing. In appropriate standards may be cited in or approved for the
cases the dangers of the ‘do-it-yourself‘approach purposes of regulations, or adopted as ‘approved
and the importance of proper maintenance and codes of practice’6).They may also be promoted in
servicing to ensure the continued safety of other ways by the Health and Safety Executive
appliances should be emphasized. With many (HSE) which enforces the Act and advises the
appliances it is vital to leave all maintenance policy-making body, the Health and Safety
work to a suitably qualified person. However, Commission (HSC). Standards may, for example, be
where it is reasonable to envisage do-it-yourself cited in HSE Guidance Notes and/or contain a note
maintenance for simple aspects, the standard of HSE commendation in the foreword. HSE also
should require that the product is designed in publishes a list of standards significant to health
such a way that this is practicable. and safety at work.
)i In this clause, S followed by a numeral denotes the relevant section of the 1974 Act.
’)‘Code of practice’ as used in the Act is the generic term to include ‘a standard, a specification and any other documentary form of
practical guidance*.

25
BSI BSXO: P A R T X 3 O1 W L b 2 4 b b ï 0 3 8 b L 4 7 319
BSO:Part3:1991 Section 13
13.5.4 The precise role of any standard has to be 13.7 Hazard warnings in standards
considered by HSE in each case, and wiìl depend
largely on four criteria: 13.7.1 It is the responsibility of a committee,
when drafting or approving a standard involving
a) effective participation in standards work by hazardous materials, equipment or procedures to
representatives of HSE and other main interests; direct its attention to the safety aspects and to
b) clear identification of the safety requirements apply its expert judgement to them in a systematic
of a standard from other provisions; way, using such techniques of hazard and risk
c) recognition by the HSC or HSE that the safety analysis as may be appropriate. The reduction of
aspects of the standard satisfy their hazards to a level that it is reasonable to accept
requirements; should always figure among the important criteria
d) ability of the BSI committee to secure when a committee selects one component or
approval of the standard within the timescale of procedure in preference to another. The committee
prospective legislation intended to refer to it. should ensure that a standard includes warning of
any hazard that may arise from the application of
13.5.5 The note of commendation in the foreword its provisions, especially if this is liable to be
to a standard will usually be along the following overlooked by a reader who may not be an expert
A lines, with deletions as appropriate:
‘The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) commends

in that particular area. A standard should also
identify specific hazard warnings to be given in
relation to the product, material, process or system
the use of this British Standard to those who have which it covers. Reference should be made to the
duties under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act Control of Substances Hazardous to Health
1974. The standard was àrawn up with the Regulations 1988 [3] or other relevant safety
partidpation of HSE representatives and it will be regulations in any standards for products,
referred to in relevant HSE publications! materials, proceskes or systems likely to be used
which could give rise to a risk to health, whether
immediate or delayed, arising from exposure to
substances hazardous to health. Examples of such
substances are asbestos, benzene, chlorinated
solvents such as carbon tetrachloride, strong acids
13.6 Fire tests such as sulphuric acid and strong alkalis, e.g.
13.6.1 The BSI Coordinating Committee on fire sodium hydroxide. For hazard warnings on
tests (M/3) is responsible in all areas of BSI’s consumer products, see 13.4.5.
national and international standards work for 13.7.2 Guidance on specific hazards (involved, for
coordinating policy on fire testing and the place of example, in a test method) should be given in the
fire testing in the assesment of fire hazard, and on form of notes at appropriate places in the text,
fire terminology (excluding fire fighting). prefaced by the word ‘CAUTION’ or ‘WARNING’.
13.6.2 In the presentation of fire tests and 13.7.3 In addition, general warnings may be
terminology in British Standards, note should be needed that apply to a whole standard or section of
taken of BS 6336 : 1982. The object is to ensure, in
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a standard, e.g. for a method involving the use of a

the interests of public safety, that British Standards hazardous substance or process. Appropriate
cannot be misrepresented or give misleading guidance should be given at t.he start, either in the
indications of the possible fire hazards of products, foreword or in a special section to which attention
materials, structures or systems. is drawn. It is often useful to emphasize the need
13.6.3 ’ièchnical committees should take note of to employ only trained staff and to ensure
advice from the Secretary to the Coordination adequate supervision.
Committee before approving for publication any
draft standard or amendment to a standard that
includes a fire test or fue terminology. However,
responsibility for such standards rests with the
relevant technical committee.

26
B S I BS*O: PART*3 O 1 W 1 b 2 4 b b î 03ôbl14õ 255 W
13.7.4 The following general wording is 13.8 Environmental issues

recommended for inclusion in the foreword of
Certain issues relating to the environment have
British Standards that describe or rely upon tests
been addressed in standards over many years, but
that are considered dangerous or that involve the
the increasingly widespread awareness of and
use of substances constituting a health hazard:
concern for the urgent need to protect all aspects
of the environment are influencing the worldwide
‘This British Standard calls for the use of
substances and/or procedures that may be development of a body of standards designed to
respond to environmental concerns. All committees
injurious to health if adequate precautions are
engaged in the preparation of standards of any type
not taken. It refers only to technical suitability
should, a s part of this process, give the most
and does not absolve the user from legal
careful consideration to the impact that any
obligations relating to health and safety at any
standard may have on the environment.
stage.’
During deliberation on the technical requirements
Particular attention may then be drawn to of a standard, it is necessary to consider the
individual hazards, the listing of which should not possibility of harmful effects on the environment
purport to be exhaustive. Reference may be that may arise from any aspect of its application,
included to other authoritative publications, for example, in the extraction, processing and use
whether from official, industrial or professional of materials, in the course of a manufacturing
sources, that define good practice in relation to process, and in the testing, use or disposal of a
safety procedures. product.
The issues are likely to be complex and touch on
13.7.5 lèchnical committees are responsible for
many aspects, including the economic use or
including a warning note in all British Standard
methods involving fire tests. This should be of a substitution of materiais, the emission of gaseous
general or specific nature, as appropriate, on or particulate pollutants, the toxicity of chemicals,
the choice of packaging, the creation of noise and
taking precautions to safeguard the health of
personnel conducting the tests against the risk of vibration, water quality and waste management,
fire or inhalation of smoke and/or toxic products of issues of use and disposal and the potential for
re-use and recycling.
combustion (see also 13.6).
Many such issues are, or are likely to be, the
13.7.6 Reference should be made to regulations subject of legislation in an increasing number of
and to official publications, such as those of the countries and appropriate and coherent
Health and Safety Executive, that need to be standardization measures in these respects will be
known to those reading and applying the standard. essential not only in protecting the environment
Such reference will usually be made in the but in facilitating trade at national and
foreword (see 4.8.3)but, if it relates only to a international levels.
small portion of the standard, a note in the text or
a footnote may be more appropriate. No standard
should however purport to give in this way an
exhaustive or comprehensive set of official
references.
13.7.7 A committee should include warnings
against misuse if it considers that a standard
product, process or method of test may be used, or
applied, for purposes for which it is not intended.
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E S 1 ESSO: PARTS3 O 1 Lb24bb9 038bL49 193 D
Section 14. General application of British Standards
14.1 General principles 14.2.2 The description of SI for standards purposes

is included in BS 5555, which reproduces the text
14.1.1 The provisions of a British Standard should of IS0 1000. This information is amplified in the
not give exclusive advantage to the product or various Parts of BS 5775, which reproduces the
service of any individual supplier. The great text of IS0 31.
majority of British Standards that call up materials
or products for reference or test purposes refer to 14.2.3 When a recognized unit outside SI is used,
items that are readily available through normal its relationship to the corresponding SI unit should
commercial sources (see 15.1). It is BSI practice to be explained on its first occurrence, in a footnote.
draft on these lines wherever possible, by reference For example, if the millibar is used for pressure,
as closely as is practicable to relevant British the equation ‘1 mbar = 100 N/m2 = 100 Pa’
Standards (see 3.5). There is then no need to should be given in the footnote.
mention sources of supply for the items. If 14.2.4 Particular attention is drawn to the
necessary, attention may be drawn to third party following areas.
product certification schemes for the items in
question or to quality system assessment schemes a) Weight. ’Iò avoid the possibility of ambiguity in
the use of the word ‘weight’ with units, it should
for their suppliers. This should be done in a note
instead be made clear whether ‘force’, resulting
along similar lines to those indicated in 5.8.2. from the action of the local gravitational
14.1.2 Occasionally, a special material or product attraction and the earth’s rotation, or ‘mass’ is
that is essential for the application of a standard is intended, and the appropriate units used.
available only from very limited sources, or it may b) Pressure and stress. The use of the SI unit,
even have to be specially made, e.g. inspection the pascal, or one of its multiples is to be
gauges, test fingers or special chemicals. In such encouraged foi’ pressure values although the use
cases, guidance to readers on source(s) of supply of the newton per square millimetre for stress
should be given by means of the following values is perfectly correct. If a committee insists
footnote: on the use of the bar or millibar for fluid
pressure, a conversion equation should be given
‘For information on the availability of ..., write (see 14.2.3).
to Customer %rviCes,Information B I , LinfÖrd c) lkmperature. The kelvin should always be
Wood, Milton Keynes MK14 6LE used to express values of thermodynamic
14.1.3 Many British Standards specify the temperature and in compound units. Its use to
express temperature differences is encouraged.
materials and components involved in the Conventional temperatures may be quoted in
manufacture of the standard product. Normally
degrees Celsius.
these materials and components will be chosen
from those already specified in British Standards. If 14.2.5 In some standards it may still be helpful to
it is desired to specify a material or component express quantities in both the metric and imperial
different from those in the relevant British systems. In such standards, conversions should be
Standard, the matter should first be referred to the based on BS 350 : Part 1 : 1974 and
appropriate material or component committee with Supplement No. 1 (1967) to Part 2 : 1962. In any
a request to widen the standard range. If the case of doubt, further guidance may be obtained
material or component committee does not agree, from the Secretary to the Quantities, Units and
then the product committee may specify the Symbols Committee (OC/127).
material or component in its standard.
14.1.4 Reference should not be made to standards 14.3 Letter symbols for quantities and
under preparation unless it is known that they units
have passed their final approval stages and are
being prepared for publication. 14.3.1 Symbols for units should conform to
BS 5775 : Parts O to 13. The general principles are
explained in BS 5775 : Part O. Symbols for
14.2 Units of measurement quantities are specified in subsequent Parts of
14.2.1 Use should be made of units of BS 5775.
measurement belonging to the International System
of Units (SI) and those additional units that are
recognized internationally for use with SI unless
there are good reasons to the contrary.
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BSI B S X O : P A R T * 3 01 m L b 2 4 b b 9 038bI.150 903 W
14.3.2 The distinction between symbols for units 14.5 Colours

and symbols for physical quantities is made by the
use of different typefaces. It is a combined 14.5.1 Attention is drawn to BS 5252 and
responsibility of the committee secretary and the BS 381C. BS 5252 presents a framework for colour
editorial staff to ensure that British Standards coordination for building purposes. Although this
conform in this respect to BS 5775 : Parts O to 13. framework, containing 237 colours, is not a
For convenience, these are summarized as follows: specification, it serves as the source for all British
a) symbols for physical quantities are shown in Standards concerning colours for the building and
italic type; related industries.
b) symbols for units, mathematical operators and 14.5.2 Colours derived from BS 5252 in ranges for
chemical elements are shown in upright type. particular materiais and products, included in
These rules still apply in text which is otherwise in British Standards such as BS 4800 (paint colourc for
italics, e.g. in secondary subclause headings. building purposes) and BS 4901 (plastics colours for
building purposes), should be specified only for
those materials and products.
14.4 Graphical symbols 14.5.3 BS 381C forms the principal standard for
In the preparation of standards involving graphical surface colours for identification, coding and other
symbols, public information symbols or safety special purposes. Unlike BS 5252, it does not
signs, BS 5378 : Fart 1 : 1980, BS 5499 : constitute a coordinated range of colours. BS 381C
Part 1 : 1990, BS 6034 : 1990, BS 6217 : 1981 and should be considered as the source of colours for
BS 7324 : 1990 are applicable. If a committee British Standards for signs, symbols and other
encounters difficulty in following the requirements coding systems.
or recommendations of any of these standards, it
should refer the matter to the committee I
responsible for them, to consider whether advice

can be given within the context of the standard or
whether an amendment is required.
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29
B S I BS*O: PARTx3 O3 1624669 0386153 8 4 T D
Section 15. Special considerations in drafting
15.1 Reference materials 15.2.3 Once enquiries by BSI Legal Services have
satisfied the committee regarding the patent, and
15.1.1 Where the value of a property or confirmed or secured its endorsement ?licencesof
characteristic cannot be described in terms of the right? or, in the case of a pending application,
system of units of measurement being used agreement to this and to equivalent pre-grant
(see 14.2), a test method may rely upon a terms, a note is included at the appropriate point
reference material, i.e. a material or substance of in the standard as follows:
which one or more properties are sufficiently well
established to be used for the calibration of an ?Attention is drawn to the fact that it is claimed
apparatus or for the verification of a measurement that ... is the subject of British patent
method. (application for a patent) no.. .., copies of which
15.1.2 Reference materials should be called up as can be obtained from the Sale Branch, The
such in British Standards, and should preferably be Patent Office, Cwmfelinfach, Cross Keys,
specified as certified reference materials, Newport NP1 7HZ. BSI takes no position as to
i.e. accompanied by, or traceable to, a certificate the validity of the patent or whether it is still in
stating the property value(s) concerned, issued by force. The patent is (will from the date of grant
an organization that is generally accepted as be) endorsed ?licences of right? under Section 46
technically competent. Guidance on the contents of of the Patents Act 1977?1, which states:
certificates of reference materials is given in IS0 ?(3) Where such an entry is made in respect of
Guide 31. ?Ièchnical committees should satisfy a patent -
themselves, wherever possible by this means, that (a) any person shall, at any time after the
samples of the reference material of consistent entry is made, be entitled as of right to a
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
quality will be readily available to all enquirers licence un$er the patent on such terms as
from an identified source at a reasonable price, and may be settled by agreement or, in default of
that the, material will be in adequate supply in agreement, by the Comptroller on the
relation to the estimated life of the standard. application of the proprietor of the patent or
Information on source(s) of supply should be given the person requiring the licence.?
as indicated in 14.1.2.
Licence details may be obtained from the
registered proprietor of the patent.?
15.2 Patents
15.2.1 Inclusion of a patented invention as the 15.2.4 For an invention subject to a foreign patent
where ?licencesof right? provisions do not apply,
sole means of compliance with a British Standard
but where the technical committee wishes to
or any of its requirements is undesirable; British
include the patented invention as a requirement of
Standards are for general use. If a variety of
a British Standard, agreement needs to be reached
satisfactory solutions is available, use of a patented
between BSI and the owner of the patent on the
invention should be avoided. If, however, a
technical committee establishes that there is no
terms under which the patented invention will be
included in the British Standard. These will
equally satisfactory technical alternative to one normally be that licences will be granted to all
that is patented, the standard should not be
applicants (from whatever country) on reasonable
impaired by its exclusion but BSI Legal Services
and non-discriminatory terms. A formal record
should be advised.
signed by the patent holder of his agreement to
15.2.2 in order to ensure general access to any grant such licences should be kept by BSI.
invention included in a British Standard and NOTE.A European Patent, gianted under the European Patent
forming the subject of a British patent, the patent Convention, confers on its proprietor, in each Contracting State
should be endorsed ?licences of right? at the Patent for which it is granted, the same rights as would be conferred by
a national patent granted in that State. ?Licences of right?
Office. This means that licences under the patent provisions in accordance with the British Patents Acts therefore
are made available to all applicants as of right and apply in the UK. The procedure for foreign patents should
that, in the event of disagreement between the however be followed in respect of any grants operating outside
owner of the patent and the person requiring a the UK.
licence as to the terms, these are subject to 15.2.5 When a standard that includes a patented
settlement by the Comptroller of the Patent Office. invention is being reviewed or revised, BSI Legal
Provision for ?licencesof right? is described in Services should be asked to check the position
Section 46 of the Patents Act 1977 151 (Section 35 regarding the patent, particularly how long it has
of the Patents Act 1949 [6]), as amended by to run.
Sections 293, 294 and 295 of the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988 173.
Or Section 35(2)(a) of the Patents Act 1949 if applicable.

BSI BS*O: P A R T * 3 01 II624669 0386152 7 8 6
15.2.6 Should it emerge that a solution favoured (ii) are dependent upon the appearance of
by a technical committee is the subject of an another article of which the article is
application for a patent, or that such an application intended by the author of the design to form
is intended, the undesirability of involving a an integral part.’
patented invention in a standards project should be
recognized. If, after this has been explained to the It should never be necessary to draw up a standard
applicant for the patent, the latter nevertheless in terms that rely on use of a Registered Design
decides to proceed and if the technical committee since it should always be possible to specify in such
remains of the opinion that no equally satisfactory a way as to allow for alternative methods of
alternative is available, the applicant’s agreement compliance.
needs to be obtained, in the case of a British 15.3.2 Nevertheless, a Registered Design may be
patent, to have the patent endorsed ‘licences of used, with the permission of the owner of the
right’ immediately on grant or, in the case of a Registered Design, as an illustration of a product
foreign patent, to terms as indicated in 15.2.4. that fulfils the requirements of a standard if the
15.2.7 A technical committee should warn an committee considers that such an illustration would
intending applicant for a patent that, except under be of real value to the understanding and
strict conditions on which he should obtain application of the standard. Such illustrations
professional advice from a patent agent, early should be accompanied by a note as follows:
disclosure of the essential details of an invention, ‘It is claimed that this illustration is the subject
even within a BSI committee, may invalidate any of a Registered Design. Reproduction of this
subsequent application for a patent. illustration and making products from it may
15.2.8 A patented invention may be used, with infringe that Registered Design. Details of the
the permission of the owner of the patent, as an
illustration of a product that fulfils the
requirements of a standard if the committee
considers that such an illustration would be of real
owner of the Registered Design (from whom
pefmission for licences under the Registered
Design may be sought) may be obtained by
writing to Cust,mer &rviCeS, Information BSI,
L-
value to the understanding and application of the Linf0t-d ‘Wood, Milton Keynes MKl4 LE.'
standard. Such illustrations should be accompanied
by a note as follows: 15.3.3 Advice on matters concerning Registered
Designs can be obtained from BSI Legal Services.
‘It is claimed that this illustration is the subject
of a British/other patent. Reproduction of this 15.4 Trade names
illustration and making products from it may
infringe that patent,. Details of the owner of the 15.4.1 The generic name of an item should be
patent (from whom licences under the patent used, not the trade name, e.g. ‘petroleum jelly’,
may be sought) may be obtained by writing to not ‘Vaseline’ (Trade Mark). A trade mark or
A Customer Services, Information’ BSI, Linford

Wood, MiltonKeynes MK14 6LE.’
catalogue reference is no guarantee of consistent
specification of a product and is unacceptable as a
requirement of a standard. If, exceptionally, a
trade name cannot be avoided, it should be
15.3 Registered Designs indicated that it is a trade name. In the case of a
registered trade mark, the symbol should be
@
15.3.1 For the purposes of registration under the given together with the name of the trade mark
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Registered Designs Act 1949 [SI as amended by owner.

Schedule 4 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents
Act 1988 [ 71, ‘design’ has a limited meaning and is 15.4.2 Proposals to include trade names in British
defined as: Standards should be notified to the Technical
Director for approval.
‘features of shape, configuration, pattern or
ornament applied to an article by an industrial 15.5 Copfright
process, being features which in the finished 15.5.1 Committee members contribute material to
article appeal to and are judged by the eye, but BSI for the sole and exclusive use of BSI in
does not include publishing British Standards. Committee records
(a) a method or principle of construction; or identify significant contributors.
(b) features of shape or configuration of an 15.5.2 No written matter, diagrams, drawings or
article which, other material known to infringe the copyright of a
(i) are dictated solely by the function which third party should be included in either a draft for
the article has to perform, or public comment or a British Standard without
written permission of the copyright owner and
acknowledgement in the foreword.

B S I BS*O: PARTx3 O1 1624b69 0 3 8 b ï 5 3 bL2
15.5.3 It should be borne in mind that copyright 15.5.4 A British Standard may define the shape of
may subsist in a product made to a copyright all or part of a product, for example when products
drawing and that the copyright in the drawing will of different manufacturers have to fit together. If
be infringed by making a product which (or any the shape adopted is that of a product already
significant part of which) is of the shape shown in existing on the market, this may necessitate use of
the drawing. Drawings that show the shape of a copyright material by way of a requirement. This is
product (as distinct from diagrams) should acceptable only if the owners of the copyright in
therefore be used only if essential. When used by alI drawings of the existing product that show the
way of illustration they should be accompanied by relevant shape provide an undertaking to grant
a note as follows: copyright licences to all who wish to work to the
British Standard for as long as the material
‘Copyright is claimed in this illustration. represents the current requirement. Such an
Reproduction of this illustration and making undertaking should be made to BSI and be legally
products from it may infringe that copyright. enforceable with BSI empowered to appoint
Details of the copyright owner (from whom any arbitrators to settle disputes within a fixed time in
permission to use this illustration may be sought) the event of an applicant considering the terms
A may be obtained by writing to Customer Services,

Information, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes
MK14 6LE.’
proposed for the granting of a copyright licence to
be unreasonable or discriminatory.
15.5.5 Requests to reproduce material should be
referred to the Copyright Manager, Publications,
BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes MK14 6LE.
Advice on the legal aspects of copyright can be
obtained from BSI Legal Services.
1
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82
BSI BSxO: P A R T + 3 O 1 Lb24bb9 038b154 559
Section 16. British Standards identical with

international or European standards
16.1 General principle 16.4 National annexes

Publication of a national standard identical with an The following three examples serve to illustrate the
international or European standard is effected by use and value of national annexes in
the reproduction of the international or European dual-numbered IS0 and IEC standards.
text with the addition of a national cover, national a) The standard specifies a range of values or
foreword (see B.8) and, when necessary, national options, for example, a series of sizes. The
annexes. No change to the body of the text, either national annex is used for information, to
by statement or implication, can be introduced by indicate a selection from the range, as preferred
these national elements. values for use in the UK. This does not alter the
standard or place a restriction on its use, but
16.2 Numbering simply gives guidance on the selection of suitable
sizes from a specified range.
When a standard issued by IS0 or IEC is published
without alteration as a British Standard, the British b) The standard is a method in which a piece of
Standard carries the number and date of the apparatus is defined in general terms. There is in.
international standard immediately below the BS existence a widely-used apparatus that conforms $:
number. Standards issued as BS Implementations to the characteristics defined in the standard and
under the Information Systems TPchnology is known to give reliable and repeatable results.
Standards Policy Committee are exceptions to this The national annex is used to describe the details
practice. of this apparatus, stating that it is given as an
example of one way to conform to the
When a European Standard is published as a requirements of the standard. Alternative means
British Standard, the identifier of the European that also conform are not thereby precluded.
Standard is used, prefixed by ‘BS’,
e.g. ‘BS EN 000’, where ‘000’ represents the c) The standard makes reference to another
number of the EN international standard, for example a method of
test, for which there is no corresponding British
A When a European Prestandard is published as a Draft

for Development, the identifier of the prestandard is
used, prefured by ‘DD’, e.g. ‘DD ENV 999’, where
‘999’ represents the number of the ENV.
Standard. The method (or part of it that is
applicable) is reasonably short. The national
annex is used to reproduce (as if it were itself a
dual-numbered standard) the relevant content of
the standard referred to. By this means, the
16.3 Titles required material is made readily accessible.
The title of the British Standard follows the In a British Standard that implements a European
guidance given in B.2. Standard, national annexes are numbered NA, NB,
etc., to distinguish them from EN annexes.
16.5 Multi-language international --`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
standards
The majority of IS0 standards are published in
separate versions for each of the official languages.
IEC standards contain English and French text on
opposite pages of the same publication; normally,
only the English text pages are reproduced in the
corresponding British Standards. Occasionally an
international standard, usually a glossary or one
concerned with nomenclature, is published with
equivalent terms or names on the same page. If
preferred by the BSI committee, the English
version may be extracted for national adoption.

BSI BStO: P A R T t 3 O3 m 3b24bb9 0386355 495 m
Section 17. Editorial and typographical practice
KOTE.Procedures at editorial and printing stages are covered

in 3.2.6 and 3.2.7 of BS O : Part 2 : 1991, together with an
explanation of MI editorial responsibility.
17.1 Presentation of text

17.1.1 Layout
The layout and typographical practice used in tki
Part of ES O illustrate the style to be used in British
Standards. The text of standards is set on A4 size
pages in double column, except where the nature
of the content makes double column layout
impracticable.
17.1.2 Paragraphs
The first line of every paragraph should be set to
full measure, i.e. there is no indention at the
beginning of each new paragraph. Extra interlinear
spacing is inserted between paragraphs.
17.1.3 Lists of items Type Linear density Inside Outside
Lists of items generally fall into one of the kg/m diameter diameter
mm mm
following two types.
a) Some lists comprise grammatically incomplete
elements that do not form complete sentences.
These are introduced by a statement ending with
a colon. Each item in the list starts with a lower
case letter and ends with a semicolon, except the
last item which ends with a full point.
b) Other lists consist of items comprising one or
more sentences each, but in which the items are Length inside diameter Outside diameter
Type
not sufficiently independent or self-contained to
become subclauses. These are introduced by a
complete sentence ending with a full point and
each item in the list starts with a capital letter
and ends with a full point.
Type a) and type b) styles are not to be mixed
within a single list.
Except in the case of a simple list where each item 17.2 Detailed textual conventions --`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
may be preceded by a dash, a lower case letter

followed by a single parenthesis (round bracket) is 17.2.1 Spelling
used to introduce each item, i.e. ‘a), b), c),’ etc. If The Shurter Oqfìbr-dEnglish Dictionary [ 91 spelling
it is necessary further to subdivide an item in such is followed. For technical words not listed in that
a list, arabic numerals followed by a single dictionary, the spelling indicated in the Chambers
parenthesis are used, i.e. ‘l),2), 3),’ etc. in science and technology dictionary [ 101 is followed.
exceptional cases, further subdivision is indicated For words in which there is an alternative ‘s’ or ‘z’
by the use of small roman numerals followed by a spelìing (e.g. standardizing or standardising), BSI
single parenthesis, i.e. ‘i), ii), iii),’ etc. If more uses the ‘z’ spelling.
than one list of items appears within the same 5
clause or subclause, items in the first list are 17.2.2 Punctuation

identified by lower case letters and the second list Punctuation should be used consistently and always
by arabic numerals, all as shown above. In such in accordance with generally accepted grammatical
circumstances, care has to be taken not to principles, with the sole aim of achieving the
subdivide items so that similar identifiers are used greatest possible clarity of expression in the text.
in several lists. If more than three lists appear Too frequent use of commas can hinder the flow of
within the same clause or subclause, redrafting text and should be guarded against; semicolons can
should be considered to avoid the complications of create a sharper impact and strengthen the
identification and referencing. structure of a sentence. Long sentences should be
carefully examined and, where possible, broken
down into shorter ones.

34
BSI B S X O : P A R T X 3 O 1 L b 2 4 6 6 9 038b15b 321
Colons are used primarily to introduce lists of items Many compound adjectival constructions are
or equations. See 17.1.3 for guidance on the sufficiently precise to require no hyphenation,
punctuation to be used in lists. Colons are also e.g. ‘analytical reagent grade mercuric nitrate’,
used in tables following phrases that constitute the ‘dental elastic impression materials’ but others
point of entry to the tabulated data. It is require careful hyphenation, e.g. ‘zinc-dust-painted
preferable not to include colons in sentences in steel’, ‘sprayed-metal and zinc-rich coatings’.
running text.
17.2.4 Word division
Single quotation marks are used exclusively in
text. Double quotation marks are used only in Breaking a word at the end of a line should be
circumstances where they have special significance, avoided wherever possible; when unavoidable,
as for example in computer language applications word division should be made after a vowel, by
and in Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) taking over a consonant, or in present participles,
numbers. by taking over ’ing’ (e.g. ‘subtract-ing’). Generally,
two consonants together are divided, unless the
Punctuation associated with round brmkets word offers a more appropriate break elsewhere, as
(parentheses) should accord with the nature of the in the case of a prefix (e.g. ‘re-appear’ not
text enclosed; a full sentence within parentheses ‘ reap-pear’).
will include the full point before the closing
bracket. When a substantial quantity of text is to 17.2.5 Use of capitals
be given in parentheses, consideration should be In general, capitals should be avoided except where
given instead to presenting it in a note. essential. In titles and headings, the first letter
Dashes are not used as punctuation marks (but only is a capital, the remainder being in lower case
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
see 17.1.3) and preferably not between numbers to lettering. This rule should also apply when the
indicate a range of values, except in tables titles of publications are being quoted but
(provided that the context makes the meaning of exceptions are made when, for instance, capitals
the dash unmistakable). are used traditionally (e.g. The C o d e Oxford
Dictionary),in names of organizations, or in
17.2.3 Use of hyphens certain abbreviations and acronyms (e.g. ISO).
There are few universally accepted niles for
hyphenation in the English language. Whether or 17.2.6 Use of italics
not to use a hyphen depends more on a Italics are used for secondary subclause headings,
combination of common sense, context, convention occasionally in text for special emphasis on a word
and freedom from ambiguity than on pure logic. or phrase, in glossaries to denote, at each
One common rule is that words forming a occurrence in the text, words and phrases defined
compound adjective should be linked by hyphens, elsewhere in the same glossary and when referring
e.g. ‘aluminium-coated pipes’, but to follow this to the title of a publication.
rule with rigorous logic leads in technical writing to Italics are used for symbols for physical quantities
such heavily hyphenated text as to distract rather and it is essential to underline these in the
than aid the reader. typescript to distinguish them from those intended
In British Standards, a hyphen is used wherever to be printed upright. This is also important where
failure to do so would cause ambiguity, or where subscript letters are used, since these can also
hyphenation is firmly established by convention. represent physical quantities (e.g. V, could
A decision having been taken, it is to be applied represent volume V a t temperature t , whereas V ,
consistently throughout a standard or series of couid represent volume Vof test piece t). See
related standards. also C.1.4.
Words that have been traditionally linked by a Symbols for units, mathematical operators and
hyphen to form a compound noun, and those that chemical elements are never italicized, even if they
include a prefix, form a single word unless this form part of a heading that is otherwise in ita1’1cs.
results in an unclear or unsightly construction, Reference should be made to BS 5775 : Parts O
e.g. ‘ultraviolet’(but ‘infra-red’),‘retest’, to 13 for guidance on correct usage (see 14.3).
‘prestressed’ (but ‘pre-arcing’),straightedge (i.e. a
tool), but ‘straight edge’ (e.g. of a shelf).
Hyphens can also distinguish between different
meanings of apparently identical words or phrases,
e.g. ’pre-tension’(compare with ‘pretension’),
‘three monthly intervals’ (i.e. three intervals of
one month each), but ‘three-monthly intervals’
(intervals each of three months’ duration). Another
example is the distinction between phrases such as
‘extra-judicial duties’ and ‘extrajudicial duties’.

E S 1 BS*O: PARTS3 0 % m Lb24bb9 038b157 268
17.2.7 Abbreviations 17.3.2 Citation of standards publications

Whenever an unfamiliar abbreviation is used in a Standards publications are cited by reference to their
British Standard, it should be accompanied at its BS or other serial number (see annex A).
first appearance by the full expression that it It is preferable for a normative reference to a complete
represents. Titles of periodicals, if abbreviated, standard to be a dated reference (i.e. to include its
should follow BS 4148 : 1985. year of publication). This means that only the cited
Full points are used in abbreviations, as in ‘a.c.’, edition of the standard applies. Any subsequent
‘r.m.s.’ and ‘min.’ for minimum (as opposed to amendments to it or revision of it do not apply unless
‘min’ for the unit, minute). When capitalization is and until the reference in the referring standard is
required in titles or at the start of a sentence, all of changed.
the initial letters are capitalized. From general A normative reference may be left undated if it is
usage, full points are mostly omitted between accepted that, for the purposes of the referring
capital letters in abbreviations of the names of standard, any amendments to or revisions of the cited
organizations, e.g. ‘BSI’, “ M S O ’ (unless the standard will also apply without specific reference
organization has established its own convention being made to them.
that includes full points). Similarly, full points are
not used in acronyms. These retain full capital The year of publication is always included wherever a
letters if they represent organizations, e.g. ‘ISO’, specific textual reference is made, e.g. ‘table 5 of
but are otherwise shown as common words (which BS 4515 : 1984’, whether or not the reference is
many have become, such as ‘laser’ and ‘radar’). A normative or informative.
few exceptions to the above general guidelines Where a standard has been published in separate
exist, e.g. ‘PVC’, and should be dealt with Parts,Sections or Subsections, the appropriate
individually according to the established subdivision should be cited in any normative reference
convention for each one. to the standard, F-g.‘BS 6789 : Section 6.2 : 1989’
17.3.3 Citation of other publications
17.3 Citation In accordance with the numeric system of
17.3.1 References to other parts of t h e text reference recommended in BS 1629 : 1989,
When reference is made to other parts of the text citations of non-standards publications are
in a standard, integral elements should be referred numbered, using arabic numerals within square
to by description, using a lower case initial letter, brackets, in the order in which they occur in the
e.g. ‘see section 2’,‘aslisted in clause 3’,‘asgiven text. The references are listed in that order on the
in table 4’ ‘asshown in figure 5’. Reference to inside back cover (see B.13).
elements of text that are point-numbered is made 17.3.4 Use of ‘comply’ and ‘conform’
by the use of a bold number without a qualifying The expressions ‘complies with’ and ‘conforms to’
description, thus: ‘see 3.2’,‘see 9.3.3b’, are not quite synonymous. For clarity and
‘see A. 1.2’. consistency of usage, m f m i t y should be treated
as the attribute of a product, material, process,
service or system resulting from compliance by a
person or body with a standard or its requirements.
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36
BSI BS*O: P A R T I 3 O1 m 1624669 0386158 I T 4 W
Section 18. Mathematical style and layout
18.1 General In order to avoid misunderstanding, tolerances on

percentages should always be expressed in the
In the presentation of mathematical material, the following form:
primary aim is to achieve maximum clarity to assist
the reader to immediate comprehension. The ease (85 f 2) %
and economics of composition and the constraints NCYE 2. Reference should be made to BS 308 for the correct
imposed by computer storage and printout should form of expressing numerical values and tolerances in
engineering drawings (see C. 1.3).
also be borne prominently in mind. Simple forms of
notation and layout can often achieve the joint 18.2.7 When a compound unit is shown, the
objectives of clarity and economy. Avoidance of individual unit symbols are separated from each
constructions requiring elaborate vertical building other by a raised point to indicate multiplication,
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
of expressions can enhance the typographical e.g. ‘10 N-m’,‘3 kV-A.

appearance of the piinted page and overcome the
problems associated with wasteful and unsightly
line spacing. The guidance given in the following 18.3 Decimal marker
subclauses concentrates on those details that occur In accordance with international practice, the
most frequently in British Standards. ES1 editorial comma is used as a decimal marker in British
and typographical staff can advise on specific Standards derived from international and European
problems as they arise. standards. Other British Standards use the full
point on the baseline as the decimal marker.
18.2 Expression of numerical values and
quantities 18.4 Equations
18.2.1 Numbers not associated with a unit or 18.4.1 Equations should be expressed in a
symbol are expressed by words for quantities from mathematically complete form, dimensionally
one to nine and by numerals for quantities of 10 balanced and unambiguous. Except in a standard
and above except when they are the first word of a that contains a large number of equations making
sentence. Fractions, when expressed by words, use repeated use of several symbols (in which case
hyphens, e.g. ‘two-thirds’. these should be explained at the outset in a
separate ‘symbols and abbreviations’ clause), the
18.2.2 Numbers associated with unit symbols are meaning of the symbols used in an equation should
always expressed by numerals and are separated be explained in a formal, consistent style
from the unit symbol by a space, e.g. ‘4 mm’. immediately below the equation in which they
appear.
18.2.3 Numbers associated with algebraic symbols
and symbols for physical quantities are always Example
expressed by numerals and are not separated by a The minimum calculated shell thickness t (in mm)
space, e.g. ‘ l o b ’ . is given by the equation:
18.2.4 When using numerals in association with
units and symbols, the decimal form is preferred to
the use of fractions, e.g. ‘2.75 N’.
where
18.2.5 When more than one value is given in
association with a unit, the unit symbol is repeated p is the design pressure (in MPa);
after each value, e.g. ‘4 mm to 10 mm’, 6 is the inside diameter of the shell (in mm);
‘6 mm x 12 mm’.
f is the design stress (in N/mm2);
18.2.6 Values followed by tolerances are presented J is the joint factor.
in the following forms:
80 mm I2 mm or (80 * 2) mm 18.4.2 N o space is to be inserted between symbols

that together represent a product of the individual
80 -2 mm symbols or between a number and the symbol it
multiplies. A small space is used on either side of a
80 +i
mm mathematical sign. The example in 18.4.1
illustrates these general rules.
80 mm f 50 pm
18.4.3 In a standard containing more than a few
NOTE 1. No sign is used for a zero tolerance isolated equations, all of them are numbered
sequentially throughout the standard, excluding
annexes (see 3.3), using arabic numerals in
parentheses.

37
E S 1 BS*O: PARTx3 O1 = l b 2 4 b b 9 038b159 030 =
18.4.4 When the resultant value to be calculated 18.5.2 When brackets within brackets are required
from an equation is expressed in terms of a unit of in equations and formulae occupying text of
measurement or a percentage, this should be single-iine depth, the normal order of use is [ [( )]l.
explained in the sentence that introduces the
18.5.3 The size (depth) of a pair of brackets
equation, to avoid confusing the unit symbol with
depends upon the maximum vertical space
the content of the equation.
occupied by the terms enclosed and should always
Example be sufficiently large to enclose the term of greatest
a>Prefmed forms: depth. Pairs of brackets that enclose others should
The value of I” (in N) is calculated from the always be of at least equivalent depth to that of
equation: the brackets they enclose; the outermost pair will
therefore be at least as large, if not larger, than any
F=WUZ of the pairs within. Brackets of equivalent size
The value of d (in %) is calculated from the should be of similar weight (density) to avoid giving
equation: unwarranted prominence to any one pair.
d = ( d b ) x 100
b) Deprecatedforms: 18.6 Solidus
The value of F is calculated from the equation: The use of a solidus (/) can effect the reduction of
F=WUZN some displayed two-line expressions to single lines,
The value of d is calculated from the equation: this being of particular value in text. See
example 1. The size of the solidus should be
d = ( d b ) x 100 % sufficient to ensure instant recognition.
18.4.5 Equations should wherever possible be When using the solidus, scrupulous care is essential
made to fit within the width of a single column of in the use of brackets and the order in which
printed text. If, however, the content of the individual terms &-e placed. See example 2.
standard is mathematically biased and a substantial NOTE. Despite the value of using the solidus to simplify
number of equations are too long to fit a single composition, it should be avoided if there is any possibility of
column, the entire text of the standard is ambiguity resulting from its use.
composed across the double-column width of the Example 1
page.
If it is necessary to break an occasional equation a
- can be expressed as a/b
that is too long for the text line, the break should b
be made at one of the following points:
a) at = > = and similar signs, in which case the A = z -y can be expressed as
a + b
sign appears only at the beginning of the second A = (X - Y)/(u + b)
line;
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
b) at + - x + signs, the sign appearing at the Example 2
end of the first line and again at the beginning of
the second; X
The expression - + z could be expressed as
c) between adjacent brackets, in which case a Y
multiplication sign is inserted at the end of the ( d g )+ z by careful use of brackets. An
first line and again at the beginning of the ambiguous form would be x/y + z, which could
second. be read as -
Y+ z
X
-
Example
The use of a double solidus in an expression may
be ambiguous and should always be avoided. Thus
d b / c should be expressed as d ò c or a d b ,
whichever is intended. *
18.5 Brackets 18.7 Bar (vinculum)

18.5.1 The commonly-used term ‘brackets’ applies Provided that the context makes it clear, the root
in this clause to several differently-named signs, sign does not require the addition of the vinculum
three of which are frequently used in mathematical to indicate the values it applies to, this being
expressions in British Standards. These are, in expressed instead, where appropriate, by brackets.
printing terminology, parentheses ( ), braces J and
brackets [ 1.
38
BSI BSWO: P A R T * 3 01 m II624669 0386360 852 m
Example 18.9.4 ‘Second order’ inferiors and superiors

(e.g. suffixes to suffixes, suffixes to superscripts)
preferred style: should be avoided wherever possible. The most
49 + Y2 + $1 frequent cases occur with suffixes to suffixes and
these can generally be placed on the same line as
Jzx preferred style: J(2x) the main suffix, separated if necessary for clarity
Jz preferred style: 4 2 by a comma.
Example
18.8 Integral and summation signs preferred style:
The limits associated with an integral sign and the %An + 1)
values of the summation variable associated with a
summation sign are usually printed in small type 18.9.5 In exponential functions, the abbreviation
above and below the respective signs. ‘exp’ followed by the exponent on the same line
Example may be used instead of ‘e’ followed by the
exponent as a superior. This is particularly helpful
eo when the exponent is lengthy or complex.
r
J
*In
Example
e& + bm - cy’ preferred style:
TI - 1
exp (CU? + b q - cyz)
c
i- 1
18.10 Alignment
18.9 Superiors and inferiors 18.1d.l Clarity in the presentation of
mathematical matter in British Standards can be
18.9.1 ‘Superiors’ and ‘inferiors’ are printing greatly facilitated by looking at the total content
terms refemng respectively to indices (or and giving careful attention to overall consistency
superscripts) and suffixes (or subscripts). in the vertical and horizontal alignment of similar
18.9.2 For fractional indices, the solidus is used elements on the printed page.
except in the case of simple numerical fractions, 18.10.2 Series of equations are indented
where the normal upright form is generally clearer. consistently and aligned wherever possible on the
Care is essential in the sizing and location of ‘ = ’ sign. Columns of numerical values are aligned
superiorc, especially outside brackets. on the decimal marker or order of magnitude.
Example
18.10.3 Plus, minus, multiplication and equal signs
Preferred forms of expression: should align horizontally. All superiors and inferiors
should similarly align and be of consistent size.
18.9.3 For expressions in which superiorc and

inferiors appear one above the other, it is easier to
compose and read the term if the superior appears
to the right of the inferior rather than immediately
above it.
Example
4 preferred style: %2
This does not apply to prime signs, which should

always be closed up to the symbol to which they
relate, i.e. d j is correct.
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

39
E S 1 BSSO: PARTS3 O L = Lb24bb9 038bLbL 799
BSO:Part3: 1991 Annex A
Annexes
Annex A (normative) b) Full idmiif&: BS 6672 : Part 1 : 1986

Undated reference: BS 6672 : Part 1
Rules for the formulation and
c) FuU iclent@v-: BS 6789 : Part 3 :
constitution of identifiers for standards Section 3.1 : 1985
publications Abbreviated refmrence: BS 6789 : Section 3.1 :
A . l General guidance and basic rules 1985
A. 1.1 This annex establishes the basic rules for Undated reference: Bs 6789 : Section 3.1
the identifiers to be used on BSI standards A.3 British Standards: automobile series
publications and in reference to them. (See
section 2, 3.5 and 17.3.2.) A.3.1 For British Standards in the automobile
series, the identifier starts with ‘BS AU’.
A.1.2 Exceptions to these rules will be seen to
have been in existence for many years. It is also A.3.2 Each time an individual publication is
certain that a perceived need for exceptions will revised or amended, the relevant element of the
arise from time to time in the future. When such a publication number is followed by a lower case
need arises, this should be discussed at the earliest suffix letter, starting with the letter ‘a’ for the first
stage with the head of SEPD and final approval revised or amended edition. This addition of a
will be required from the ’kchnical Director. suffix letter is independent of the change in
N U E . See also 16.2 for the numbering of British Standards publication date, which occurs each time the
identical with international or European standards and for publication is revised; the suffix letter continues to
British Standard Implementations issued in the information change with each revision and amendment. The
technology area. following are examples of automobile series
A.2 British Standards: general series numbering:
a) BS AU 7a : 1983;
A.2.1 For British Standards in the general series,
the identifier starts with ‘BS’. b) BS AU 209 : Part 5a : 1988;
c) BS AU 50 : Part 1 : Section 2f : 1987.
A.2.2 Descriptors for all separately published
NOTE. It will be seen from these examples that the rule
divisions and subdivisions are given in full, using governing the use of point-numbering has not been applied in
initial capital letters with lower case letters, and the subdivision of automobile series standards.
are as follows:
A.3.3 In other respects, the rules laid down in A.2
Part, Section, Subsection, Supplement, apply to the automobile series.
Addendum.
A.4 British Standards: marine series
A.2.3 Arabic numerals are used throughout in the
numbering of all the elements constituting the For British Standards in the marine series, the
publication number. Letters are not used, except in identifier starts with ‘BS MA’.
the case of an adjunct to a standard (see 2.6). In other respects the rules laid down in A.2 apply
to the marine series.
A.2.4 The numbering of parts is sequential,
starting with 1. Supplements and Addenda are A.5 British Standards: aerospace series
numbered similarly, each as a separate, A. 5.1 For British Standards in the aerospace
independently numbered series under the parent series, the identifier starts with the following
BS number.
elements:
Sections and Subsections are point-numbered, their a) the designation ‘BS’;
number being derived from the Part of which they
are a subdivision. b) an arabic numeral indicating the edition of the
standard, starting with ‘2’ when the second
A.2.5 The year of publication is given in full. edition is published (i.e. for the first edition, the
A.2.6 The individual elements comprising a numeral is omitted); ,,
complete publication number are each separated c) immediately after the numeral, without a
from the other by the use of spaces and colons, as space, one or two capital letters to indicate the
shown in the following examples: subject area;
a) Full identgier:BS 6671 : 1986 d) the main publication number, after a space.
Undated reference: BS 6671
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

40
BSI BS*O: P A R T * 3 O1 9 1624667 0386162 625 9
Annex B BS O : Part 3 : 1991
Annex B (normative)
Example Informative elements in standards
BS 3G 100 : F’art 2 : Section 3 : Subsection 3.12 : B . l Covers
1991. B . l . l The content, design and presentation of the
NOTE. I t will be seen from this example that the rule governing covers are the responsibility of BSI staff.
the use of point-numbering has not been applied in the
subdivision of aerospace series standards. B.2 Titles
A.5.2 In other respects, the rules laid down in A.2 B.2.1 The title should be brief, but sufficient to
apply to the aerospace series. reflect the scope of the standard. It should begin
A.6 British Standards: other series with the type of publication (e.g. specification,
method, glossary), which should not be qualified
A.6.1 BS CECC publications by any preceding adjective. In a standard divided
For British Standards adopting publications of the into separately published Parts or Sections, the
CENELEC Electronic Components Committee, the designation of type should appear in the title of
identifier starts with ‘BS CECC’ and then follows
the form used on the CECC original. This agrees in
all essential respects with the rules laid down
each individual Part or Section and not in the
overall generic title.
B.2.2 Standardswith different BS numbers should not
A
in A.2. have the same generic title, but this may be
A.6.2 BS IECQ publications unavoidable, e.g. during the transition of a BS series to
For British Standards adopting publications of the
a BS EN series of standards.
IEC Quality Assessment System for Electronic B.2.3 Titles are normally phrased in the direct
Components (IECQ), the identifier starts with style, e.g. Specìjicatwnfor safety requiremen&for
‘BS QC’ and then follows the QC number used on carrycob, carrycot stands and carrycot
the IEC original. trawqyrters. Dashes should not be used as
A.6.3 Old codes of practice punctuation.
British Standard codes of practice were formerly The direct style of titling is used for:
numbered in a separate CP series. When revised, a) standards prepared nationally;
these codes receive a new number in the BS b) standards that are identical with international
general series. standards, but constitute part of an existing
series of British Standards, Parts, Sections or
A.7 Drafts for Development and Published Subsections.
Documents
B.2.4 For standards that are identical with
A.7.1 Drrzftsfor Development international or European standards and are
For Drafts for Development, the identifier starts published independently of an existing series of
with ‘DD’. In other respects the rules laid down British Standards, the title of the international or
in A.2 apply to Drafts for Development. European standard may be adopted without
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
modification as the British Standard title.

A.7.2 Published Documents
For Published Documents, the identifier starts with B.2.5 The Translations Section of BSI Standards is
‘PD’. In other respects the rules laid down in A.2 responsible for the French and German versions of
apply to Published Documents. the titles which are provided to facilitate reference
overseas. The English version is the official title.
A.8 Amendments
B.2.6 The technical committee shares in the
A.8.1 Each individual amendment, issued to a responsibility for deciding on the title of a
standards publication of whatever type, is standard, BSI staff ensuring that it is consistent
identified by a unique number. This identifier starts with that of similar standards and with current
with ‘AMD’ and is completed by a number, policy.
preceded by a space, e.g. AMD 4638.
B.3 Publication and effective dates
A.8.2 All amendments are numbered in a common
AMD sequence. The sequence of amendments to a B.3.1 A new or revised British Standard usually
particular standard is identified by ‘Amendment 1’ becomes effective on its date of publication. In this
(or 2, 3, etc.) in the title of the amendment. case the following statement appears in the
standard :
‘This British Standard, having been prepared

under the direction of the .. . Standards Policy
Committee, was published under the authority
of the Standards Board and comes into effect
on ...’.

ES1 BS*O: PARTS3 01 Lb24bb9 038bLb3 5bL D
BS O :Part 3 : 1991 Annex B
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
B.3.2 The effective date may be postponed by the B.6 Contents list
committee if, for example, the standard is to be
referred to in amended regulations or if a period of B.6.1 A contents list should be included with
time is needed to ailow manufacturers, testing every typescript, listing sections, clauses, annexes
laboratories or certification bodies to put the new (indicating either ‘normative’ or ‘informative’),
requirements into effect. In such circumstances, tables and figures, with the titles used in the text.
reference is made in the foreword to the reasons Subdivisions below clause level are not included in
for the difference in dates and the usual statement the contents list of a standard; if a special case is
is modified as follows: to be made for the inclusion of more detail, this
should be discussed with the head of SEPD and
consideration given to the addition of an index at
‘This British Standard, having been prepared the end of the standard (see B.12).
under the direction of the ... Standards Policy
Committee, was published ur,der the authority B.6.2 A contents list will only appear in the
of the Standards Board on . ..(date). It comes standard if the text of the standard exceeds four
into effect on ...(date) (see foreword).’ printed pages.
The order of elements in a contents list is
if the effective date is not precisely known at the committees responsible, foreword, section and
time of publication, for example if legislation is clause headings, annexes, tables, figures, index,
pending, the final sentence of the statement is: list of references.
B. 7 Foreword in standards prepared nationally
‘It comes into effect on a date to be announced
(see foreword).’ B.7.1 Most standards have a foreword. The
principal exceptions are series of very small
separate Parks,Sections or Subsections, frequently
When the effective date becomes known, it is in looseleaf form’, where the first Part or Section
announced by the issue of an amendment. contains all the introductory matter including a
B.4 Information on previous editions general foreword covering the entire series.
if the standard is a revision bearing the same BS 8.7.2 As an informative element of a standard, a
number as its predecessor, the dates of all previous foreword never contains requirements.
editions are given.
B.7.3 The opening sentence of the foreword
B. 5 Committees responsible carries a statement giving details of the responsible
B.5.1 Committee lists are the responsibility of BSI committee under whose direction the standard was
staff and are supplied by the Membership Records prepared.
Section. They should be correct as at the date of B.7.4 When a standard is revised, the previous
final technical committee approval. These lists edition is usually withdrawn automatically when
relate to the committees responsible under the BSI the new edition is published and this should be
Bye-laws. indicated in the foreword, together with a clear
B.5.2 Committees responsible are listed as follows: account of the relationship to, and principal
changes from, the previous edition. This is
especially important if the revision affects physical
‘Committees responsible for this British interchangeability with a product conforming to
Standard the previous edition, if the revision does not
The preparation of this British Standard was entirely supersede the existing standard, or if it
entrusted by the ... Standards Policy Committee bears a number that in any respect differs from
(. ../-) to l’èchnical Committee .../. .. upon which that of the standard it is replacing. The foreword
the following bodies were represented: states precise bibliographic details of any standards,
including previous editions, that are now
superseded and withdrqvn.
The following bodies were also represented in
the drafting of the standard, through B.7.5 The foreword covem matters such as a) to j).
subcommittees and panels: No particular order is implied except where
indicated.
... t
B.5.3 Names of individuals or individual firms do

not appear in the lists (but see B.7.5~).The
expression ‘coopted member’ is used. (See 2.3.3 of
BS O : Part 2 : 1991.)
42
BSI BS*O: PART*3 O L m L b 2 4 b b î 038bLb4 4 T 8 m
Annex B BS O : Part 3 : 1991
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
a) The relationship to existing national, d) Reasons for opting for particular

international and foreign standards. if an requirements, test conditions, limits, etc.
international standard is identical with the e) Any problems arising out of the work leading
British Standard, which will accordingly be to publication, e.g. areas on which agreement
dual-numbered, the guidance given in B.8 could not be reached and that cannot therefore
applies. If one or more international standards be included.
are related to the ßritish Standard, the
appropriate wording should be selected from f) Reference to supporting data published
those listed below and given, with the addition elsewhere.
of any PJrther explanation or information g) Standard wording concerning legal
considered necessary, in the foreword. obligations (see 4.8.1 and 4.8.2) followed by
1) For an equivalent standard, corresponding information regarding relevant statutory
to an international standard or standards in regulations (see 4.8.3).
all technical respects, but possibly differing h) Reference to relevant quality assurance
quite extensively in wording and facilities (see 5.8).
presentation:
i) Information relating to the intended
‘This British Standard [is equivalent to] readership of a standard (see 4.6) and its
[embodies the technical content of] correct use (see 4.7 and 13.7.7).
ISO/IEC/8) ... (publication no. and date) [in j) Hazard warnings (see 13.7.4 and 13.7.5).
technical content] but differs in
presentation. ISO/IEC/8)... ‘(no. and title)’
is published by (name of issuing body).’
2) For a standard the content of which, to B.8 National foreword in standards identical
any extent if not in complete technical with’international or European standards
equivalence, covers subject matter similar to B.8.1 A national foreword should be included in
that covered by a corresponding international every British Standard which implements a
standard or standards: standard published by ISO, IEC, CEN or CENELEC
‘This British Standard is related to (see section 16 for general guidance). The detailed
ISO/IEC/s)... (publication no. and date) but wording of national forewords varies according to
not equivalent in technical content. individual circumstances and any particular
ISO/IEC/@... ‘(no. and title)’ is published by constraints imposed by the source document, but
(name of issuing body)’. the order in which information is presented should
Main differences should then be indicated, in follow a consistent sequence, as indicated in B.8.2
particular those that mean either that to B.8.8.
compliance with the international standard B.8.2 A formal paragraph establishes the
does not ensure compliance with the British nationallinternational identity. See examples 1
Standard or vice versa. to 3.
If appropriate, reference can be made to Example 1
international work in hand.
This Part of BS 6783 has been prepared under the
b) Acknowledgement of copyright material direction of the Non-Ferrous Metals Standards
(see 15.5). Policy Committee. It is identical with IS0 6352 :
c) Acknowledgement of exceptional personal 1985 Fmonickel - Determination of nickel
contribution to drafting, at the discretion of the content - Dimethylglyoxime gravimetric method
committee chairman and subject to the published by the International Organization for
agreement of the Technical Director in each Standardization (ISO).
case. The following statement is provided in Example 2
such cases: This British ’Standard has been prepared under the
‘BSI Committee ..., whose constitution is direction of the General Electrotechnical
shown in this British Standard, takes Engineering Standards Policy Committee. It is
collective responsibility for its preparation identical with IEC 868 : 1986 F l i c k m e t e r -
under the authority of the Standards Board Functional and design specifications published by
The Committee wishes to acknowledge the the International Electrotechnical Commission
personal contribution of . . . .’ (IEC).
”)Relationships between British Standards and publications other than IS0 and IEC standards niay also be indicated in this way.
Related CEN or CENELEC Harmonization Documents (HD), for instance, may be acknowledged.

B S I BSXO: PART*3 O1 L b 2 4 b b î 0 3 8 b l b 5 334
I ,
BSO:Part3:1991 Annex B
Example 3 It is essential to distinguish normative references in

This British Standard is the English language the text, ail of which have to be dealt with in one
version of EN 281 Se&wopelled industrial trucks of the ways described above, from informative
s 2 t - w ?-ìder-contrOlle& Rules for the references (see 3.5.3 and B.13). The latter can be
construction and layout of pedals published by the dealt with in a separate paragraph or sentence; if
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). no corresponding British Standards exist, this does
not adversely affect the validity of the standard.
B.8.3 The material that follows the opening NOTE. This subclause does not apply to European Standards.
paragraph described in B.8.2 provides information
or comment specific to the standard, including B.8.7 If required, extra paragraphs are introduced
such matters as those dealt with in B.7, where by the side-heading ‘Additional information’.
Arelevant, Example
Additional information. This standard deals with
B.8.4 When implementing international standards, equipment suitable for supply voltages between
an account follows, headed ‘Cross-references’, 100 Vand 250 V. The standard supply voltage in
which notes all the standards to which reference is the UK is 240 V.
made in the text, accompanied by a statement of An alternative, where there is a substantial
the extent of identity with corresponding British quantity of information to be given, is to include it
Standards. This part of the national foreword is as an informative national annex, suitably referred
detailed in B.8.5 and B.8.6. to in the national foreword.
For European Standardsthe cross-references l i t is B.8.8 Whilst it is not permissible to make
usuaìly included as a national annex. alterations to the international text, it is essential
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
to note at the end of the national foreword any
-- errors that are discovered. It is necessary to
B.8.5 The text referred to in B.8.4 lists the distinguish between textual errors that are
international standards to which normative technically significant and obvious typographical
reference is made and for which there is an errors that are trivial and do not affect
identical or t e c h n i d y equivalent British Standard, understanding of the standard.
and the European Standards to which normative
reference is made. Each entry is accompanied in a) Signiificant textual wm. At the point
an adjacent column by a reference to the where it occurs in the text, the error is marked
corresponding British Standard. In this column, with an asterisk in the margin. At the foot of
publication numbers, year of publication, titles and the page the following footnote is inserted:
extent of correspondence are cited. ‘ * See national foreword for details of textual error(s).’
If specific textual references are given in the first In the national foreword, the following is
column, equivalent British Standard textual inserted:
references are given in the adjacent column. If
there is a specific textual reference in the ‘Textual error(s). When adopting the text of
international text for which an equivalent text the international standard, the textual
exists in a British Standard, even though the error(s) given (listed) below was (were)
British Standard is not otherwise entirely identical discovered. It has (They have) been marked
with or technically equivalent to the international in the text and has (have) been reported to
standard referred to, the corresponding (give appropriate international organization)
internationalínational textual references are in a proposal to amend the text of the
included in the list. international standard.’
B.8.6 In the case of British Standards This text is followed by details of each error,
implementing IS0 or IEC standards, the text then giving the relevant textual reference and the
embraces any remaining international standards for proposed correction,,
which there are no corresponding British b) mogruphicul errors. Obvious but trivial
Standards. typographical errors, such as spelling mistakes,
These are dealt with in a paragraph worded as are referred to in a note, in small type, at the
follows: end of the national foreword. No reference to
this note is necessary in the international text.
‘The Technical Committee has reviewed the
provisions of (ISO/IEC ...), to which normative
reference is made in the text, and has decided
that they are acceptable for use in conjunction
with this standard.’

44
BSI B S X O : P A R T X 3 OL m Lb24669 0386166 270 m
A B.8.9 It is similarly not permissible to make
alterations to the text of a European Standard.
However, if a signifiant error is discovered, BSI?s
duty of care requires that error to be brought to the
attention of the user of the standard.
At the point where it occurs in the text, the error is
marked with an asterisk in the margin. At the foot of
the page the following footnote is inserted:
?+Seenational foreword for details of textual error@).?
In the national foreword, the following is inserted.
?Textualerror(s). When implementing the English
language version of EN . . . as the national standard,
the textual error(s) given (listed) below was (were)
discovered. It has (they have) been reported to
[ m e of European organization] in a proposal to
amend the text of the European Standard.?
The text is followed by the details of each error, giving
the relevant textual reference and the proposed
correction.
8.8.10 In the case of an EN in the preparation of
which the UK has not participated and for which there
is no BSI committee (see 4.6.2 of BS O : Part 2 : 1991,
as amended by Amendment No. 1 (1993)), the
following text is all that is required in the national
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foreword of the corresponding BS EN.
?ThisBritish Standard has been prepared under the
direction of the E I Standards Board and is the
English language version of EN [number, date and
title] published by the European Committee for
[Standardization (CEN)/Electrotechnical
Standardization (CENELEC)].
This British Standard has been produced to fulfil

BSI?s obligation to publish all approved European
Standards but, because of the absence of interest in
the UK in the sdject concerned, there has been no
UK participation in the preparation of [EN number].
Any queries relating to the EN should be directed
to BSL
Compliance with a British Standard does not
of itself confer immunity from iegd
obligations.?

BSI BS*O: P A R T x 3 O 1 162rlbB9 03Bb1b7 i107 W
Annex B BS O : part 3 : 1991
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B.9 Introduction clause B. 13 List of references

An introduction to a standard may occasionally be B. 13.1 All the references occurring in the text are
necessary where specific information, discussion or listed, in the order and form prescribed in this
commentary on the technical content is required. clause, on the inside back cover under the heading
This introduction is an unnumbered element and ‘List of references (see ... (insert number of
never contains requirements. ‘References’ clause))’ in essential details
B. 10 Notes and footnotes conforming to BS 1629 : 1989. The list in the back
of this Part of BS O provides an example of the
B. 10.1 Notes integrated in the text and footnotes form and presentation to be used.
to the text are informative elements and should
not, therefore, contain requirements. (See 3.4.3 for B.13.2 The list of references is subdivided initially
notes to tables and figures.) into two separate lists, covering normative
references and informative references respectively.
B.10.2 Notes are printed in smaller type than that
of the main text and immediately follow the B.13.3 Each of the two lists is subdivided again
relevant subject matter. They are introduced by the into separate groups in the following order:
ward ‘NOTE’ in capitals. When two or more notes
appear within the same clause, subclause, table or
figure, they are numbered sequentially,
i.e. ‘NOTE l’,‘NOTE 2’, etc. to aid identification
a) ES1
b) IS0 and IEC
publications;
c) CEN and CENELEC

publications;
publications;
A
and reference. d) other references.
B.10.3 Care should be taken in the wording and The headings for groups b) and c) are followed by
location of a note to make clear the subject matter the indication that these publications are available
to which it refers. Otherwise, it is not always from BSI.
1
certain whether a note following, for example, B.13.4 Each of the groups for standards
three subclauses, refers to all three of them, to the publications (B.13.3a to c) starts with the name of
last one only, or (possibly) the last two. If there is the standards organization in capital letters,
any doubt, wording such as ‘NOTE to B.10.3’ followed on the same h e in lower case letters by
should be used, or the words ‘(see note)’ should be the place of publication and the name of the
inserted in the text at the appropriate point. publisher if this is not the standards organization.
B. 10.4 Footnotes give additional information but Below each of these headings, the individual
their use should be kept to a minimum. Footnotes publications are listed in numerical order, starting
are usually distinguished by arabic numerals with their number and year of publication in roman
followed by one parenthesis: i),a), 3), etc., (upright) letters and their titles in italics.
forming a continuous numerical sequence B. 13.5 Standards under preparation (see 14.1.4)
throughout the document, and are referred to in are indicated in the lists by a footnote number
the text by inserting the same numerals, as referring to a footnote which states ‘In
superscripts, after the word or sentence in preparation’.
question: 1 ) ~ 3 ) *etc. ~n
certain cases, for example
in order to avoid confusion with superscript B.13.6 Other references (B. 13.3d), are listed
numbers on a page, one or more asterisks followed numerically in the order in which they are cited
by one parenthesis may be used instead: *I,* *), (see 17.3.3). Each starts with the name of the
* * *), etc. author or other originator in capital letters. For a
book, the other essential information is the title,
B. 11Bibliography the place of publication, publisher and date. For an
If a list of further reading is required, a article in a serial, the other essential information is
bibliography should be prepared in accordance with the title of the article, the title of the serial, the
the recommendations of BS 1629 : 1989, and year, volume number and part number as
included as an informative annex. appropriate p d the page numbers. For further
explanation and references to other material, see
B.12 Index ES 1629 : 1989.
If an index is required, it should be prepared in
accordance with BS 3700 : 1988 and the entries
arranged alphabetically in accordance with
BS 1749 : 1985.

BSI BS*O: P A R T * 3 O1 Lb24bb9 038b1b8 0 4 3
BSO:Part3: 1991 Annex C
Annex C (normative)
Principles governing presentation of C. 1.6 When a figure consists of a graph,
drawings and other figures nomogram or chart from which it is intended that
C.l General principles values are to be read or calculated, the degree of
resolution achievable by the printing process has to
C. 1.1 A figure may be one of a variety of types of be considered. The originals of nomograms and
engineering drawing (e.g. dimensional, detail, similar types of figure may not be suitable for
assembly), a diagram, sketch, perspective drawing, reduction.
graph, chart, nomogram or photograph.
C. 1.7 Originals for drawings are sometimes
Consideration should be given to the best use of provided by committee members or from other
tone and contrast to aid clarity. sources and, when suitable, are reproduced
See 15.5 for guidance concerning the use of without modification in draft standards. For the
drawings or other illustrations that may be the final publication, all drawings are finished and
subject of copyright. checked in SEPD Drawing Office which bears the
responsibility for ensuring that they are of a
C.1.2 Requirements on figures are stated as facts technically acceptable quality and in accordance
or in the imperative mood, e.g. ‘brass’ or ‘use brass
with the rules and standards referred to in this
conforming to BS 2786 : 1963’, not ‘the material annex; they are then approved by the committee
Aslh;y3be of brass . secretary, whose responsibility it is to ensure that
the drawings accurately reflect the provisions of
Engineering àrawings conform to the conventions set the standard and the intentions of the technical
out in BS 308 :Part 1 : 1984, Part 2 : 1985 and committee, both in presentation and technical
Part 3 : 1990, and construction drawings to those in accuracy. It is imperative that checking and
BS 1192 : Part 1 : 1984 and Part 3 : 1987, for all approval at this stage is done with the greatest care
details of presentation. and attention to detail t o avoid costly and
All such drawings are also required to time-consuming alterations after the preparation of
conform to standards specifying requirements the proof of the standard.
particular to the subject, e.g. BS 4301 : 1982 for C.2 The use of colour
optical elements and systems, BS 2774 : 1983 for
laboratory glass apparatus. C.2.1 The use of colour may serve one of several
For engineering diagrams, the conventions given in different purposes in standards, of which the three
I S 5070 : Parts 1, 2 and 3 : 1988 and Part 4 : 1990 most common are the following:
*ppiy. All symbols used are subject to the a) in diagrams, drawings, flowcharts, etc. to
,requirements specified in the relevant standards, clarify, illustrate or emphasize; examples are the
e.g. BS 3939 : Parts 1 to 13 for electrical and drawings illustrating the guarding of machinery
electronics engineering. in BS 5304;
The style used for lettering, when not otherwise b) in drawings to illustrate the general nature of
covered by one of the standards already referred to the colours to be used and their application, as
in this subclause, is governed by the general BSI for example in the specification for colour and
conventions applicable to the presentation of text design of safety signs (BS 5378 : l’art 1);
in printed standards. c) as the normative component of a standard
specifying colours; examples are BS 381C
C.1.4 When a drawing is used to represent a range
(colours for identification, coding and special
of sizes (e.g. of a component or product), the
dimensions are designated by italic letters purposes), E S 1710 (identification of pipelines
and services) and BS 4800 (paint colours for
(see 17.2.6) and the range of values for each is
building purposes).
given in a table adjacent to the drawing.
Whenever the use of colour is contemplated, for
C.1.5 The size in which the original drawing is whatever purpose, the head of SEPD should be
prepared is decided so that, when reduced for consulted at the earliest,possible stage and before a
printing purposes, ail related drawings in the same positive commitment to proceed with colour is
standard are compatible and (preferably) fit into made.
single- or double-column width of an upright
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printed A4 page (termed ‘portrait’) or across the C.2.2 Colour printing by current processes involves
page as viewed with the longer edge at the base additional operations, adding to production time
(termed ‘landscape’). Drawings of a larger size and cost. Colour is not yet easily transmissible or
requiring the provision of fold-outs should be reproducible electronically and it adds to the
avoided. Where essential, larger drawings may be problems involved in computer handling and
supplied as a chargeable supplement to a standard; storage.
in such cases, reduced versions are printed in the
standard for reference purposes (see 2.6).

46
BSI B S t O : P A R T t 3 01 m L b 2 4 b b î 038bLb9 T B T m
Annex D BS O : Part 3 : 1991
C.2.3 Colour printing for normative purposes (as cases, within the scope of the specification, the
in C.2.l~)is expensive and the colour rendering of purchaser has the necessary technical knowledge
subjects with a wide chromatic range is not to agree his precise requirements with the supplier.
uniformly successful. Moreover, there is no This kind of specification is one in which certain
assurance that the colour values of an agreed characteristics are fixed and others depend upon
specimen printing can be repeated without the context of its application, but both are
fluctuation throughout a print run, even of necessary and inseparable from one another within
moderate length. When colour has to be shown the same document.
visually, and accuracy is vital, very stringent and
expensive control methods are demanded. The D.2 Title
provision of large comparison specimens is then a The title of this kind of specification should include
useful but extremely expensive adjunct to a sufficiently descriptive words to indicate its
standard. function, e.g. ‘Specification for .. . welding ...’,
‘Specification for lining of vessels ...’,
C.3 The use of photographs ‘Specification for design and manufacture of . ..’ .
C.3.1 The majority of the illustrations in standards D.3 Scope clause
are drawings and diagrams, but photographs can be
accommodated without significant differences in The scope clause should be quite clear about the
cost. Due regard has to be paid to any copyright aim of the specification and the obligations placed
considerations (see 15.5). upon those who seek to comply with it. For the
latter a paragraph should be included stating:
C.3.2 High precision photographs, involving finer
than average screens, may demand the use of ‘In addition to the definitive requirements, this
higher quality paper for accurate reproduction and standard also requires the items detailed in
this factor should be borne in mind before decisions clause ... to be documented. For compliance
to use them are taken. with this standard, both the definitive
C.3.3 Similarly, the computer storage capacity requirements and the documented items have
necessary to accommodate photographs is very to be satisfied.’
much higher than for line drawings and electronic
reproduction requires a higher degree of resolution D . 4 Provision for documented and agreed
from output devices and systems. requirements
C.3.4 The head of SEPD should be consulted at A summary of all the items of information to be
the earliest possible stage if the use of photographs supplied by the purchaser and all the requirements
is contemplated. that are specified throughout the standard as the
subject of agreement should be included as the first
clause in the standard following the clauses for
Annex D (normative) scope, references, definitions, symbols, etc. This
Drafting of specifications providing for clause should carry a title such as:
documented and agreed requirements
‘Information and requirements to be agreed and
D.l General to be documented’.
Certain specifications depend upon the definition
of particular attributes or parameters by the Information to be supplied by the purchaser should
purchaser or by agreement between the contracting form a subclause having an opening paragraph
parties (see 5.1.5). It is therefore important that worded such as:
this type of specification provides for the
documentation of these requirements in such a way ‘The following information to be supplied by
that conformity to them may be verified as the purchaser shall be fully documented. Both
objectively as conformity to any other requirement. the definitive requirements specified
The applicability of such standards is, on each throughout the standard and the following
occasion, partly an individual exercise in which documented items shall be satisfied before a
certain details are necessarily the subject of an claim of compliance with the standard can be
interactive procedure of information exchange made and verified.’
between the parties concerned. Examples are
specifications for operations such as welding, lining
of vessels for the process industries, construction or
erection of structures or installations, and for
certain materials, processes and individually
designed and manufactured products. In such
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__ 1
. B S I BS*O: PART*<3 0 1 Lb24bb9 038bL70 7TL

BS O : Part 3 : 1991 Annex E
When several options are specified throughout a D.6 Notes

standard, it may be useful to provide a checklist of If an item for agreement is mentioned only within
them (see 5.3.3) as a secondary subclause or in an a note, then the provisions of this annex do not
annex. A paragraph should be included such as: apply, as notes are not used to state specification
requirements.
‘If the purchaser wishes to take up any of the
optional requirements given in this standard
(see ...), such requirements shall be specified Annex E (normative)
and documented at the time of the enquiry Drafting of specifications: principles
and/or order. In the absence of such relating to verification of conformity
information, the manufacturer shall supply in
accordance with the following.’ E. 1 Specification requirements
E. 1.1 The specification clause gives the
Items for agreement should form another subclause requirement to be satisfied, e.g.
having an introductory paragraph worded such as:
‘When tested as described in annex A the
‘The following items to be agreed between the product shall ...’,
contracting parties, which are specified in the
clauses referred to, shall be fully documented.
implying that if the test were carried out the
Both the definitive requirements specified
product would have to pass in order to conform.
throughout the standard and the following
For some purposes it may be appropriate for the
documented items shall be satisfied before a
specification to make it a requirement that a test
claim of compliance with the standard can be
be conducted and a successful result obtained (but
made and verified.’ 1
see E.5.1).
Each of the items listed as being the subject of E.1.2 The methods invoked to ascertain
agreement should conclude with a cross-reference conformity of the product to the requirements of a
to the particular clause or subclause where the specification or to assess the likelihood that it
details of what has to be agreed are specified. conforms are either included within the
specification or indicated by reference to
D.5 Main clauses appropriate British Standard methods. If included,
The main body of specifications of this kind will they should preferably be placed in annexes, unless
contain clauses consisting of any of the following they are very brief or inextricably bound up with
elements: the manner in which the requirement is specified.
a) requirements specified definitively as they E.1.3 An annex (or separate standard) giving a
stand; test method may include a section on
b) characteristics for which individual ‘interpretation of results’ provided that the
requirements have to be agreed between the specification requirements, which establish how a
contracting parties; product is deemed to pass or fail the test, are
c) some of a) and some of b). clearly stated in the main body of the specification.
For the sake of clarity, individual clauses of type c) E.1.4 Care should be taken to align the treatment
should be so drafted that self-contained of testing with what is written in the scope of the
requirements are clearly distinguishable from those specification and with the way in which the
that rely upon supplementary documentation. This requirements are expressed. The relationship
should be achieved by their consistent arrangement between requirements and tests will have a bearing
into separate subclauses or series of subclauses on whether the BS number is more appropriately
within a given clause. marked on individual items or on packages of items
Requirements stipulated as the subject of or can only be referredJo in contract documents.
agreement cannot undermine requirements E.l.5 All aspects of measurement and the
previously specified. For example, in a clause on procedures to be adopted are of the utmost
materials, it would not be acceptable to specify importance in producing any specification. This
‘The materials shall be a, b or c’ and then to foilow applies regardless of where the specification is to
this with a requirement stating ‘The use of other be used, whether the measurements are to be
materials shall be by agreement ...’ . In such a made in a central laboratory or on site-and whether
situation, the use of any material would have to be type tests or production quality control tests are
the subject of agreement, possibly with being considered.
supplementary guidance being given in an annex to
facilitate the selection of an agreed material.
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48
BSI BSSO: PARTS3 O 1 L b 2 4 b b ï 038bL7L b38 W
Annex E BS O : Part 3 : 1991
E.1.6 If for any reason, more than one test requirement. They may involve the application of
method is to be provided for a given characteristic, one or other, or a combination, of the following
the referee (or ‘reference’) method should be basic techniques depending on the scope of the
identified to preclude dispute. specification.
E. 1.7 Performance criteria are sometimes stated in a) Quality or process control at the point of
the form ‘After carrying out tests a, b, c the item manufacture, through sampling and testing
shall show no signs of deformation when examined during the different phases of the process of
visually ...’. Qualitative descriptions of this form manufacture. For this purpose, reference should
may be the only way of describing the end result be made to appropriate British Standards which
without resorting to unjustifiable complexity but, specify control chart techniques (see BS 2564,
because of the ambiguity that can be introduced, ES 5700, BS 5701 and BS 5703).
such criteria should be avoided wherever possible. b) Acceptance inspection, the testing being
commonly applied to a sample drawn from the
E. 1.8 Conformity criteria should not be made so production batch. Here the application of
complex that the cost of using the standard sampling inspection by attributes or by variables
becomes prohibitively high, defeating the object of is likely to be suitable (see BS 6000, BS 6001 and
producing the standard in the first place. The time BS 6002).
and cost of implementing any standard are two of
the many aspects to be considered by a committee. ’Est methods should state the manner in which
specimens for testing are selected. In the case of
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E.2 Provisions for testing bulk materials it may be necessary, in order to
ensure a representative result, for test samples to
E.2.1 General guidance be made up from a number of specimens drawn
Whenever it is practicable, testing conditions from different parts of a batch or consignment.
should reflect the conditions under which the item
under test is to be used. E.2.5 Disposal of tested items
In the case of partially destructive tests, guidance
E. 2.2 Practical questions should be provided on the disposal of tested items.
The following questions should be considered.
E.3 Equipment for measurement and testing
a) Is the test equipment required readily
available? (See E.3.1.) E.3.1 Availability
b) Is the cost of the test equipment, and the cost Readily available equipment should be used
of the test as a whole, commensurate with the wherever possible; where minor modifications are
role of the test in verifying conformity? required, sufficient detail should be given for the
c) Is the time taken to complete the test modifications to be made.
significant? It may be necessary to develop purpose-built
The method of testing should be as simple and apparatus. Before this is written into a British
cheap as is practicable, consistent with providing Standard, the apparatus should be tested for
the required degree of accuracy. BS 5497 : Part 1 reproducibility and ease of operation by at least
: 1987 provides a detailed guide for the determin- two (and preferably more) laboratories working
ation of repeatability and reproducibility of a independently. Sufficient detail should be
standard test method. incorporated in the standard for any special
equipment to be manufactured. The use of a single
E.2.3 m p e tests source of supply for special equipment is
The tests or series of tests directed towards proving deprecated, as is the use of patented equipment as
a design and the manufacturing process are the sole means for testing (see 14.1.1 and 15.2).
sometimes called type tests. They are carried out
before routine production begins. In many cases,
the specification may go no further.
E.2.4 Tests on day-to-dayproduction
E.3.2 Calibration
BS 5781: Part 1 : 1992gives requirements and A
guidance 02 measurement and calibration systems. The
calibration of the test equipment used to verify
A product specification may also include tests to be conformity to specification requirements should be
carried out on a regular basis as production traceable to a national or international
proceeds. These may repeat all or some of the tests measurement standard (see PD 6461).
done as type tests, or they may be designed Where measurements are critical, it is necessary to
specially for production purposes. Rsts on specify explicitly that the calibrations of the
production are generally carried out on instruments used for such measurements ‘shall be
representative samples (see E.5) but, in some traceable to national or international standards of
cases, they may need to be passed by each measurement. In the UK, these are the
individual item of production as a specification responsibility of the National Physical Laboratory
(NPL).’

49
1
B S I BSrO: PART*3 OL = Lb24bbq 0386372 574

BSO:Part3:1991 Annex E
Assurance that any such calibrations are traceable normally be invoked as these standards provide
to national standards is provided by using clauses that control the methods of selection of the
laboratories that have demonstrated compliance sample, the treatment of non-conforming items
Iwith _76@: 1989 (EN 45001 : 1989) or ISODEC found during inspection and the treatment of
Cuide 25 : 1990 In the UK, National Measurement batches resubmitted after initial rejection. These
kcredietion Service (NAMAS) accredited AQL indexed systems (see E.5.2) contain built-in
calibration laboratories meet this requirement. switching rules (from ‘normal’ to ‘tightened’ or
‘reduced’) to cater for deteriorations or
E.4 Comparison between actual and required improvements in production. Use of these basic
resuits reference standards can save time wasted on
In order to compare results and assess whether subjective discussion, and reduce the large areas of
conformity has been achieved it is necessary to discretion often contained in non-standard
evaluate the accuracy of a test result. sampìing schemes that have only limited value,
Two main factors govern accuracy: particularly for international trade.
a) uncertainty of a single measurement due to For manufactured products, it is traditional to
inherent limitations of the test equipment and/or formulate specifications with maximum and/or
materials employed and the method in which minimum values assigned to each listed property or
they are used; characteristic. These values are usualiy based on
b) variability due to the inhomogeneity of the experience and/or analysis of the capability of
samples tested. related machinery and labour. Specifications of this
kind primariìy invoke ‘inspection by attributes’
A well designed method of test will seek to make techniques (see BS 6001) in preference to
the magnitude of a) insignificant when compared ‘inspection by variables’ (see BS 6002) because the
with b), so that the difference between results is former can be more easily carried out on the shop
governed essentially by the variation between floor.
samples. Methods should be stated precisely and in
sufficient detail for laboratories to be able to adopt For bulk materials, it is traditional to specify a
identical procedures. All methods should be mean value for each characteristic and the range of
validated by at least two laboratories before being allowable deviation dependent upon the quantity
accepted in a standard. assessed. Specifications of this kind invoke
‘inspection by variables’ techniques (see BS 6002)
In some specifications it may be necessary to that, because of their relative complexity, require
specify the limits of variability permitted; if this is
-r
the accurate instrumentation for measurement and
the case the limits should be expressed in terms of the test skill normally found in laboratories rather
epeatabfity and reproducibility (see BS 5497 than on the shop floor.
:Part 1 : 1987’forfurther details).
E.5.2 Use of the term AQL
E.6 sampling procedures
The acceptable quality level (AQL) is defined as the
E.5.1 General guidance maximum percentage non-conforming that, for
For products specified in quantities or in bulk, it purposes of acceptance sampling, can be
may be necessary to require the application of considered satisfactory as a process average.
standard sampling procedures for quality control Designation of an AQL and inspection level in
and/or acceptance inspection purposes. For accordance with BS 6001 or BS 6002 automatically
products normaliy produced, transferred or used in provides a sampling plan, i.e. sample size,
Acceptance Number and Rejection Number, for any
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quantities, it may be appropriate separately to

specify these products in quantity or bulk as well given lothatch size, related to appropriate risk
as singly. levels. The term AQL should not be used without
Absence of sampling provisions from a specification
does not imply that every item of production needs
to be tested, unless this is stated. It is simply left
reference to one or other of these standards. For
further guidan’ce, BS 6000: 1972 should be consulted
E.5.3 AQLs and contractual rights
A
to the parties concerned, outside the scope of the No British Standard should be written in such a
specification, to provide for appropriate testing to way as to entaiI the acceptance of non-conforming
meet contractual and commercial demands. products by a purchaser ordering to it. It is a
Most sampling schemes relate sample size to batch requirement of both BS 6001 and BS 6002 that the
size because of the prime need to ensure a designation of an AQL shall not imply that the
representative sample. The value of statistical supplier has the right to supply knowingly any
methods of sampling has long been recognized and non-conforming unit of product. BS 6001
it is of benefit to the parties concerned with a additionally reserves the right of the purchaser to
specification that s t a t i s t i d y sound sampling reject any unit of product found not to conform
procedures be provided. BS 6001 :Part 1 : 1991, BS during inspection, whether that item was part of a
6001 :Part 2 : 1993 or BS 6001 : Part 3 : 1993 or BS sample or not.
6002 : 1979 should *
BSI BS*O: PARTw3 01 = 1624669 038bL73 400
BS O : Part 3 : 1991
Index
The following alphabetical index refers to the content of all three Parts of this 1991 edition of BS O.
The bold numbers in brackets, e.g. [3],that precede the textual references in each entry, indicate the Part
of ES O in which the references appear.
The order of entries is alphabetical, but subheadings and sub-subheadingsare arranged according to the
first significant word, ignoring any preceding article or preposition.
abbreviations 131 17.2.7 BS Implementations CENELEC [i]Annex A. 1
acceptable quality level see AQL numberingof 131 16.2 BSl collaboration [ ’21 4.1.1
acceptable risk 131 13.2 British Standards Institution see BSI CEN collaboration [2] 4.1.2
ACEC [ i ] Annex A. 1 BSI European Standards [i]3.3.5, [ Z ] 4.6
ACET [ i]Annex A. 1 committees observers from national standards
ACOS [i]Annex A. 1 lists in British Standards 131Annex B. 5 bodies [ Z ] 4.7.2
acronyms [3] 17.2.7 procedures [Z] UKrepresentation[l] 2.2.6, [Z] 4.1.1
additions to requirements in BS publications note
specifications 131 5.4 range 131 2 CEPT [ i]Annex A.2
Advisory Panel on Personal Safety (BSI), standards publications certification bodies, representation on BSI
advice on consumer reports [3] 13.4.3 amendments 131 12 committees [Z] 2.3.3
aerospace series British Standards, citation in British Standards 131 17.3.2 certification of conformity to BS
identifiers 131 Annex A.5 identifiers [ 31 Annex A specifications [ i]3.1.4
Aims and p-incìpìes of standardization UK representation in international certification, third party, BS specification
(ISO) [i]2.2.1 organizations [ i]2.2.6 requirements 131 5.8
alignment of mathematical matter [3] BSIStandards Catulogm certified referencematerials [3]15.1.2
18.10 identification of new editions of CGPM [ i ] Annex A.2
amendments [2] 3.6, 131 2.4, 12, stzndards 121 3.6.2 chairmen, BSI councils and committees [ 21
Annex A.8 identification of reprints 121 3.6.5 2.3.8,3.2.8
analysis, BS methods for 131 8.2 notes of confirmation and obsolescence CIPM [i]Annex A.2
annexes [2j 3.7.3 CISPR [ i ] Annex A. 1
British Standards [ 31 3.3 BSI Handbooks [3]2.7 4 citations [3]17.3see also bibliographies
identical British and international or BSI Legal Services clarity 1314.4
Europeanstandards [3] 3.3, 16.4 advice on Registered Designs [3]15.3.3 classification
announcement of new work started legal enquiries [2] 3.5.4 inBSglossaries [3]10.3.1, 10.3.3
[Z] 3.2.1 patents enquiries 131 15.2 of products [3] 6.3
application of British Standards [i]2.2.3, BSI News Classificationstandards 1312.1.5
[3] 14 see also users of British Standards announcement of availability of clauses [3] 3.2.4
Approval of Safety Standards Regulations international draft texts [ 21 4.5.5 COCOR [ i ] Annex A. 1
1987[3] 13.4 announcement of draft British codes of practice
approval to publish [2] 3.2.8, 3.6.1 Standards available for public comment approved [3] 13.5.3 note
approved codes of practice, standards [Z] 3.2.4 BritishStandard 131 2.1.4, 9,
adopted as [3] 13.5.3 announcement of new work [2] 3.2.1 Annex A.6.3
AQL (acceptable quality level) [ 31 Annex announcement of review 121 3.7.3 CODEX [i]Annex A.2
E.5.2,Annex E.5.3 notification of review period for Drafts coding in product specifications [3]6.3
arrangement, British Standards 131 3 forDevelopment 131 11.3 colons, use of 131 17.2.2
ARS0 [ i ] Annex A. 1 BSI Standards, structure and organization colour [3] 14.5, Annex C.2
ASMO [i]Annex A. 1 121 2 colours for identification, coding, etc.
assembly instructions in technical manuals BSI/M? Consultancy drafting scheme 121 131 14.5.3
131 13.4.7 3.2.3 commas, use of [3]17.2.2, 18.3
Association of Certification Bodies [3] comment see public comment
5.8.2 calibration of equipment for measurement Committee of Permanent Representatives,
attendance a t BSI committee meetings [ Z ] and testing 131 Annex E.3.2 European Council of Ministers [i]
2.3.4, 2.3.6, 4.7 ‘can’, useof 131 4.5.5 Annex A.2
automobile series British Standards, capitalletters, use of 131 17.2.5, 17.2.7 committees
identifiers [3] Annex A.3 CASCO [i]Annex A. 1 BSI see BSI committees
auxiiiary British Standards publications [ 31 Catalogue, BSI see BSIStandards international, secretariats [2] 4.4
2.6 Catdoqw ‘Common Market’ see EEC
CCIR [ i]Annex A.2 compliance with requirements of British
bar (vinculum) 131 18.7 CCIïT[i] Annex A.2 Standards
bibliographies 131 Annex B. 11 CEC [i]Annex A.2 trade descriptions [i]3.1.4
BIPM [i]Annex A.2 CECC [i]Annex A. 1 ‘comply’, use of [3]17.3.4
Board, BSI [2] 2.2 publications, BS identifiers 131 ‘ components, specification in British
Board, Standards see Standards Board Annex A.6.1 Standards 131 14.1.3
braces 131 18.5 UK membership [Z] 4.1.1 note confirmation of British Standards after
brackets [3] 17.2.2, 18.5 votingprocedure [2] 4.6.1 note review [Z] 3.7.2, 3.7.3
British Electrotechnical Committee and CEE see IECEE ‘conform’, use of (31 17.3.4
Electrotechnical Council, BSI 121 2.2, CEN [i]Annex A. 1 conformity to British Standards, claims 1 i]
4.1.1 note BSIcollaboration 121 4.1.1 3.1.4
British Standards (BS) CENELEC collaboration 121 4.1.2 verification 131 5.7, 8.2, Annex E
drafting and presentation 131 European Standards Ii]3.3.5, 121 4.6 consensus
international preparation 121 4 observers from national standards definition [i]1.3.5
preparation and maintenance 121 3 bodies [Z] 4.7.2 failure to reach 121 3.4
senes 131 Annex A UK representation Il]2.2.6 lack of, in comments on draft British
status Ii]3. i Standards [ 21 3.2.5
types 131 2.1
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. B S I BS*O: PART*3 O1 Lb24bbî 038bL74 347
BSO:Part3: 1991
means of reaching decisions in BSI drawings European standards (EN)

committees (21 2.3.1 amendments to [ 31 12.3 adoption of ISO/IEC standards [ 21 4.5.1
technical committee [2] 3.2.6 copyright 131 15.5.2 BSI action 121 4.6
constitutions, BSI committees 121 2.3.2 presentation [31 Annex C identical with British Standards 131 16,
consultants for drafting new British dual-numbering of standards 131 16.2, Annex B.8
Standards [2] 3.2.3 Annex B.7.5 production by CEN and CENELEC
Consumer Policy Committee, BSI [ 21 duplication of standards, avoidance [ 1) il] 3.3.5,AnnexA.l
2.3.3 2.2.6 European Telecommunications Standards
Consumer Protection Act 1987 dutyofcare [i]3.1.3 Institute see ETSI
131 13.4.1 evaluating performance, British Standard
consumersafety 131 13.4 EC see European Communities methods of [3] 8.2
contents lists ECA [ i ] Annex A.2 experts, cooption by BSI committees [2]
in British Standards 131 Annex B.6 ECE [i]Annex A.2 2.3.3
in Bsglossaries 131 10.3.3 ECISS [ i ] Annex A. 1 expulsion from BSI committees [2] 2.3.3
contracts, use and invocation of British BSI collaboration [2] 4.1.1 external divisions in British Standards 131
Standards [i]3.1.4, 3.2, [3] 4.7 BSI as UK representative [i]2.2.6 3.2.2
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health European Standards (214.6 note
Regulations 1988 [3] 13.7.1 E C U [ i ] Annex A fair trading registration, exclusion of
Coordinating Committees on fire tests, BSI ECOSOC [ i ] Annex A.2 agreements to use British Standards [i]
[3] 13.6.1 ECSC [ i ] Annex A.2 3.1.2
COPANT [ i ] Annex A. 1 editingBritish Standards [2] 3.2.7, [3] 17 FA0 !i]Annex A.2
COPOLCO [ i ] Annex A. 1 editions of British Standards figures [3] 3.4, 17.1.5, Annex C
copyright new 121 3.6.2 firetestsinBSmethods[3] 13.6, 13.7.5
in British Standards Ii ] 3.1.5 previous 131Annex B.4 footnotes [3] Annex B. 10
material used in British Standards [ 31 educational bodies, representation on BSI forewords 131Annex B.7, Annex B.8
15.5 committees [2] 2.3.3 full point
resDonsibilitv for obtaining- Dermission
- EEC [ 11Annex A.2 in abbreviations 131 17.2.7
1212.3.9 "
directives as decimal marker 131 18.3
COREPER 111 Annex A.2 Directive 83/189 [2] 4.7.1 function of specifications [3] 5. i
Councils, &i 1212.2 reference to standards [i]3.3.5 I
chairmen 121 2.3.8 effective dates of British Standards [3] GATT [i]Annex A.2
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constitutions [2] 2.3.2 Annex B.3 generalreferences tostandards [ i ] 3.3.3
covers of British Standards 131 Annex B. 1 E R A [1 1Annex A.2 General series British Standards,
EN see European Standards identifiers 131Annex A.2
dashes, use of 131 17.2.2
enquiries concerning sense of British glossaries, BS [3] 2.1.5,4.2, 10
dated references to standards [i]3.3.3
Standards [ 21 3.5 government departments, representation
dates of British Standards 131Annex B.3
DD see Drafts for Development Enquiry Cases [2] 3.5.3 on E I Committees [2] 2.3.3
decimal marker [3] 18.3 updating [2] 3.6.4 government, local,representation on BSI
deemed to satisfy, British Standards ENV see European F'restandards committees 121 2.3.3
referred to in regulations [ i ] 3.3.2, [3] Environment, Department of the grades in BS specifications 131 5.3
13.3 code consultancy drafting procedure [2] grants for research 121 3.3
definitions 3.2.3 graphical symbols [3] 14.4
in British Standards 131 4.3.4, 10.2 giants for research [2] 3.3 Guideli7ze.sforguvern@ representatives
of terms used in Bs O [ i ] 1.3 environmental issues [3] 13.8 ~ n B S I m m i t t e e s [ 22.1
]
definitions clauses i31 3.1.5,4.3.3 equations [3] 18.4 guides, BS [3] 2.1.4 note
delegation to subordinate bodies from BSI alignment [3]18.10.2
committees [2] 2.3.5 errors in texts, identical British and Handbooks, BSI [3] 2.7
delegations from UK to intemational European or international standards [3] Harmonization Documents (HD)
committees [2] 4.3 Annex B.8.8 national adoption [ 21 4.6
deletions, in amendments [3] 12.2 ESCAP [ i ] Annex A.2 preparation by CEN and CENELEC [i]
Department of the Environment see étalons,definition [i]1.3.2 note Annex A . l
Environment, Department of the ETSI [ i ] Annex A.2 hazard warnings in British Standards [ 31
Department of Trade and industry see EURATOM [i]Annex A.2 13.7
Trade and Industry, Department of European collaboration and commitments, HD see Harmonization Documents
deputies, attendance a t BSI meetings [ 21 BSI [2] 4.1, 4.6 headings
2.Y.6 European Committee for Electrotechnical piacingl3j 17.1.4
design of standards [i]2.2.3 Standardization seeCENELEC in tables [3] 17.1.6
Designs, Registered 131 15.3 European Committee for Iron and Steel health and safety 131 13
determination, BS methods for [3] 8.2 Standardizationsee ECISS Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
DEVCO [ 11 Annex A. 1 European Committee for Standardization 131 13.5
divisions in British Standards 131 3.2 see CEN H e a l t k n d Safety Commission (HSC) [3]
documentation in product specifications European Communities (EC) [ i] 13.5.3, 13.5.4
131 6.4 Annex A.2 Health and Safety Executive (HSE) 131
docúmented and agreed requirements, BS acceptance of principle of reference to 13.5.3, 13.5.4, 13.5.5
specifications providing for [3] standards [i]3.3.5 Home Accident Surveillance system [3]
Annex D.4 European Council of Ministers [i]Annex 13.4.3
documents, BSl committees 121 2.3.7 A.2 HSC see Health and Safety Commission
drafting 121 3.2.3, 131 European Court of Auditors Il]Annex A.2 HSE see Health and Safety Executive
Drafts for Development (DD) [3]2.2, 11 European Court of Justice Il] Annex A.2 hyphens, use of 131 17.2.3-
equivalence of European Prestandards European national standards bodies,
121 4.6.5 attendance of observers at RSI IAEA [i]Annex A.2
identifiers 131 Annex A.7.1 committee meetings 121 4.7 identical British and European or
introduction clauses 131 Annex B.9 European Parliament Ii]Annex A . 2 international standards 131 16,
publication when lack of consensus on European Prestandards (ENVI, production
newstandard 121 3.2.5 Annex B.8
byCENELEC[l] Annex A.l, 121 4.6.5

52
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BS O : Part 3 : 1991
identiîiers for BSI standards publications IS0 Gui& 31, certificates of reference multi-language international standards 131
131 Annex A materiais 131 15.1.2 16.5
IEC [i]Annex A . 1 standards, draft, UKaction 121 4.5 'must' not used in British Standards 131
BSI collaboration [ Z ] 4.1.1 Standards see international standards 4.5.6
BSI asUK representative [i! 2.2.6, 121 ISOIIEC
4.l.lnote code of principles on 'reference to NAMAS 131 Annex E.3.2
IS0 collaboration 121 4.1.2 standards' 1 i] 3.3.4, Annex B national accreditation schemes [ 31 Annex
standards, draft, UKaction [Z]4.5 collaboration 121 4.1.2 E.3.2
standards see international standards italics, use of 131 17.2.6 national annexes to identical British and
IECíISO item lists 131 17.1.3 international or European standards [ 31
code of principles on 'reference to ITSTC I i] Annex A.2 3.3, 16.4
standards' [i]3.3.4, Annex B ITU [i]Annex A.2 National Physical Laboratory, calibration
IECEE [i]Annex A. 1 'ize'/'ise' spelling 131 17.2.i of test equipment [3]Annex E.3.2
IECQ 1i] Annex A. 1 national standards body, definition [i]
publications, BS identifiers [3j labelling in product specification (316.4 1.3.4
Annex A.6.2 laboratories see testing laboratories new editions [Z]3.2.6, 3.6.2
IFAN provision of secretariat by ISO, [i] language of British Standards 131 4.4.2 see new pages [3]12.4
Annex A. 1 also verbal forms new work
illustrations, supplementary to British law and standards [i]3 announcements [Z]3.2.1
Standards 131 2.6 layout131 17.1.1 proposals [Z]3.1.3
IL0 [i]Annex A.2 mathematical matter 131 18 nomenclature 131 10.2.2 note
IMO [i]Annex A.2 title pages 131 Annex B.2.6 normative annexes [3]3.3
impartiality legal interpretation (213.5.4 normative elements [3]3.1
chairmen of BSI councils and legal recognition Ii] 3. i .Z normative references 131 3.5
committees [ Z ] 2.3.8 legal requirements 131 4.8 rwrnzes, definition [i)1.3.2 note
international committee secretariats 121 Legal Services, BSI see BSI Legal Services notes
4.3.2 legislative requirements for certification in British Standards [ 31 Annex B. 10
standards li] 2.2.4 131 5.8.3 in specifications providing for
imperial system of units 131 14.2.3 letter symbols for quantities and units 131 documented and agreed requirements
indexes 14.3 1 131 Annex D.6
in BSglossaries 131 10.3.3 letteringin drawings 131 Annex C. 1.3 to tables and figures 131 3.4.3
in British Standards 131 Annex B. 12 'licences of right', patents 131 15.2 numbering
indices(superiors) 131 18.9 lists British Standards
industry, representation on BSI committees [3]Annex B.5 aerospace series [3]Annex A.5.1
committees [Z]2.3.3 contents 131 Annex B.6 amendments 131 Annex A.8.2
INFCO [i]Annex A. 1 items 131 17.1.3 annexes 131 3.3
inferiors 131 18.9 references 131 Annex B. 13 automobileseries 131 Annex A.3.2
informative annexes 131 3.3 Local Authorities Policy Committee, BSI definitions 131 4.3.4
informative elements [3]3.1, Annex B 121 2.3.3 divisions and subdivisions 131 3.2
informative labelling 131 6.4.2 local government, representation on BSI figures [3]3.4.2
informative references 131 3.5.3 committees 121 2.3.3 general series [3]Annex A.2.3,
insertions, in amendments 131 12.2 Annex A.2.4
inspection see third party certification maintenance instructions in technical identical intemational or European
installation instructions in technical manuals 131 13.4.7 standards [3]16.2
manuais [3]13.4.7 mandatory British Standards, [i]3.3.2, 131 listsof items [3]17.1.3
integralsigns 131 18.8 4.8, 13.3 listsof references 131 Annex B. 13
intergovernmental organizations manuals, safety information in [3]13.4.7 marine series 131 Annex A.4
concerned with standards [i]Annex A.2 manufacturers, representation on BSi notes and footnotes 13)Annex B. 10
internal sections in British Standards (31 committees [ Z ] 2.3.3 pages 131 17.1.7
3.2.3 marine series British Standards, identifiers tables [3]3.4.1
international implications of reference to i31 Annex A.4 BSI standards publications 131 2.5
standards [ i] 3.3.4 marking in product specifications 131 6.4 numerical values 131 5.6, 18.2
international organizations concerned materials
with standards Ii] Annex A availability, guidance on sources of objectivity of British Standards 131 4.2
international preparation of British supply 131 14.1.2 oblique stroke see solidus
Standards [Z]4 specification 131 14.1.3 observers
international standards materials specifications, I3S 131 7. i at BSI committee meetings [Z]4.7
as basis of regulations [i]3.3.4 mathematical style and layout 131 18 from BSI, at meetings of European
BSI collaboration 121 4 'may', use of 131 4.5.4 national standards bodies committees
identical with British Standards [SI 16, measurement, BS methods [3]8.2 121 4.7.4
Annex B.8 measurement equipment [3]Annex E43 obsolescence of standards, declaration
organizations [i]Annex A.1 measurement units 131 14.2 afterreview 1.21 3.7.2,3.7.3
intemational System of Gnits(S1) 131 14.2 meetings, BSI committees 121 2.3.6 OECDIi] Annex A.2
interpreters, accompanying observers at membership, BSI committees 121 2.3.2, Official Journal of the Euroyeaic
BSI committee meeting.. 121 4.7.3 2.3.4 Communities, dated reference to
introduction clauses 131 Annex B.9 Mmizorantlum of Understanding on standards [i]3.3.5
introductory statements in Drafts for standards121 2.1, 3.1.4, Annex A OIML [i]Annex A.2
Development 13) i i . 3 methods, Rs 131 2.1.3, 8 options in BS specification 131 5.3
inventions, patented 131 15.2 metric system of units 131 14.2
'ise'!'ize'spelling 131 17.2.1 minutes, secretaries' responsibility
IS0 111 Annex A. 1 121 2.3.9
BSI collaboration 121 4.1.1 misconduct. KSI committee members 121
BSI as UK representative Il] 2.2.6 2.3.3
IEC collaboration [ Z ] 4.1.2
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53
BSI BS*O: PART*3 O3 L b 2 4 b b î 0386376 L I T
BSO:Part3: 1991
Pages references in British Standards [3] 3.5, for materiais (31 7.1
new [3] 12.4 Annex B.13see also for processes [ 31 7.2
numbering[3] 17.1.7 bibliographies; citations for products 131 3.1.2, 6
size 131 17.1.1 references clauses 131 3.1.4 providing for documented and agreed
panels, BSI committees 121 2.2 regional implications in Europe of requirements 131 Annex D
delegation to 121 2.3.5 reference to standards [i]3.3.5 relationship with BS codes of practice
paragraphs 131 3.2.6, 17.1.2 Registered Designs 131 15.3 131 9.4
parentheses 131 17.2.2, 18.5 Registered Designs Act 1949 131 15.3 for systems 131 7.3
Parts in British Standards [3] 3.2.2.1, regulation, definition Il] 1.3.3 verification of conformity 131 Annex E
4.1.2, Annex A.2.4 regulations specifying, BS methods of (31 8.2, 8.6
PASC [ i] Annex A. 1 reference to standards Il]3.3, [Z] 3.6.6 spelling 131 17.2.1
patents [3] 15.2 safety, relevance of British Standards STACO Il]Annex A. 1
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Patents Act 1949 (1977) 131 15.2 131 13.3 standard, definition [i]1.3.2
PD reliability (31 5.7.3 standardization
current usage see Published Documents REMCO 1i] Annex A. 1 aims 1 i] 2. i
performance representation on BSI committees 121 2.3.3 definition 1 i] 1.3.1
evaluation, BS methods of 131 8.2 reprints [2] 3.6.5 principles Ii] 2.2
requirements, BS product specifications research, to complete or strengthen a Standards Board
131 6.2 standard 121 3.3 committee structure 121 2.2, 2.3.2,
photographs 131 Annex C.3 research organizations, representation on 2.3.8
planning BSI committees [2] 2.3.3 role in failure to reach consensus 121 3.4
of standards Il] 2.2.5, 131 4 Restrictive Trade Practices Act 1976, standards body. national, definition [i]
of work programmes ( 21 3.1.1 support for application of British 1.3.4
preferences in BS specifications 131 5.5 Standards [i]3.1.2 Standards Policy Committees, BS112] 2.2
preliminary elements [3] 3.i . i results of tests, comparison between chairmen 121 2.3.8
presentation 131 actual and required [ 31 Annex E.4 constitutions 121 2.3.2
pressure units (31 14.2.4 reviewof British Standards 121 3.6.2, 3.7 programmes of work /2] 3.1
'printing envelope' 121 3.2.6, 3.2.8 revision of British Standards 121 3.2.1, Standards Editing and Processing
process specifications, BS 131 7.2 3.7.2,3.7.3 Department(SEPD), BSI 121 3.2.6, 3.2.7
product availability, guidance on sources risk, acceptable 131 13.2 I standards organizations, international [i]
ofsupply 131 14.1.2 root sign [3] 18.7 Annex A . l
product certification see certification round brackets(parentheses) 131 17.2.2, standards publications, BSI see B I ,
product specifications, BS 131 3.1.2, 6 18.5 publications, standards publications
professional institutions, representation on Royal Charter, BSI [2] 2.1 StandardsSìgnificani to Health and
BSI committees 121 2.3.3 Safety a t Work 131 13.5.5
progress records (21 3.2.2 's' and '2' spelling 131 17.2.1 standardized items 131 6.3
proposalsfornewwork[2] 3.1.3, 3.1.4. safety status of British Standards Ii] 3.1
3.7.3 contribution of British Standards 131 13 statutory requirements affecting British
public comment signs 131 14.4 Standards 131 4.8.2,4.8.3
on amendments [2]3.6.1 sampling stress units [3] 14.2.4
on draft British Standards 121 3.2.4 BS methods for 131 8.2 structure
public information symbols 131 14.4 procedures [3] Annex E.5 BS specifications 131 5.2
publication of British Standards satisfy, British Standards deemed to Il] British Standards 131 3
approval 121 3.2.8 3.3.2,13] 13.3 subclauses 131 3.2.5
dates [3] Annex B.3 scope Clauses subcommittees, BSI 121 2.2
Publications Manager British Standards, Specifications chairmen (21 2.3.8
advice on copyright 131 15.5.5 providing for documented and agreed delegation to 121 2.3.5
Published Documents (PD) 131 2.3, requirements 131 Annex D.3 subcontracting, international committee
Annex A.7.2 BritishStandards 131 3.1.3, 4.2 secretariat duties 121 4.4.2
punctuation 131 17.2.2 secretariats, international committees 121 subdivisions in British Standards /3] 3.2
purpose of British Standards 131 4.2 4.4 subscripts(inferiors) [3] 18.9
secretaries, BSI councils and committees Subsections (external) in British Standards
quality assurance see third party 12) 2.3.9 131 3.2.2.2, Annex A.2.4
certification Sections (external) in ßritish Standards 131 subsections (internal) in British Standards
Quality, Management and Statistics 3.2.2.2,4.1.2, Annex A.2.4 131 3.2.3
Standards Policy Committee, BSI sections (internal) in British Standards 131 substitutions, in amendments 131 12.2
[3] 5.7.3 3.2.3 suffixes(inferi0rs) 131 18.9
quality system assessment schemes 131 semicolons, use of 131 17.2.2 summation signs 131 18.8
5.8.2 SEPD [2] 3.2.6, 3.2.7 superiors see superscripts
quantities servicing instructions in technical manuals superscripts(superiors) 131 18.9
letter symbols for 131 14.3 131 13.4.7 supplekientary elements 131 3. i . i
numbers associated with 131 18.2 'shall', use of 131 4.5.2, 8.4 supplementary information 131 2.6, Annex
quotation marks 131 17.2.2 'should', use of [3]4.5.3, 9.2 C.1.5
SI (International System) Units [3]14.2.1 symbols
readership of standards 131 4.6 slash seesolidus in drawings 131 Annex C . l . 3
recommendations, BS 131 2.1.4 note solidus 131 18.6, 18.9.2 . graphical [3] 14.4
reference materials 131 15.1 specification requirements 13) Annex E. 1 letter, for quantitiesand units 131 14.3
reference to standards specifications, BS numbersassociated with 131 18.2.4
IECIISO Code of principles 1 i] Anries ß in contracts 1 i] 3.2 systems specifications, ßS-131 7.3
in regulations ( 11 3.3 description 131 2.1.2
drafting 131 5

54
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BSO:Part3: 1991
tables [3] 3.4 specifications providing for documented Units, Quantities and Symbols Committee,
amendments to 131 12.3 and agreed requirements 131 Annex D.2 BSI 131 14.2.5
headingsin 131 17.1.6 tolerances 131 18.2.6 updatingof British Standards 121 3.6,
placing [3] 17.1.5 trade associations, representation on RSI 3.7.2,3.7.3
target dates 121 3.2.2 committees [ Z ] 2.3.3 use instructions in technical manuals [ 31
technical changes [2] 3.6.2 trade descriptions, British Standards as 13.4.7
technical committees, BSI [Z] 2.2 partsof[l] 3.1.4 userinstructions [3] 13.4.4, 13.4.5,
chairmen [2] 2.3.8 ’Rade Descriptions Act 1968 13.4.6, 13.4.7
constitutions [Z] 2.3.2 product conformity to British Standard users of British Standards
delegation to subordinate bodies [ 21 [i]3.1.4 needs identified in briefs for new
2.3.5 requirements for labelling of products standards [Z] 3.2.3
failure to reach consensus [Z] 3.4 1316.4.2, 13.4.5 qualifications and experience [ 31 4 . 6
preparation of new standards [Z] 3.2 trade usage of terms 131 10.2.3 representation on BSI committees [ 21
response to enquiries [Z] 3.5 ‘Rade and Industry, Department of 2.3.3
technical manuals, safety information 131 Consumer Safety Unit (3113.4.3 see also application of British Standards
13.4.7 grants for research 121 3.3
temperature units [3] 14.2.4 trade names in British Standards [3] 4.3.5, values in Bs specifications [3]5.6, 18.2
temporary workinggroups [2] 2.3.5 15.4 verbal forms in British Standards [3]4.5,
terminology trade unions, representation on BSI 8.4, 9.2
in BS methods [3]8.3 committees [2] 2.3.3 verification see conformity
in British Standards 131 4.3 translators seeinterpreters vinculum(bar) [3] 18.7
see also glossaries “Qpe QX’ not used in British Standards voluntary nature of British Standards [ 11
test, BS methods [3] 8.2 note [3] 6.3 note 3.1.1
testing type tests 131 Annex E.2.3
equipment for [3]Annex E.3 typefaces for symbols [3] 14.3.2 warnings in British Standards
provisions for [3]Annex E.2 typographical practice [3] 17 against misuse of products [31 13.7.7
testing laboratories concerning hazards [ 31 13.7
representation on MI committees 121 UK delegations to international weight units 131 14.2.4
2.3.3 committees [ 21 4.3 WHO [i]Annex A.2
verification of conformity 1315.7.2 UK representation in international withdrawal of British Standard after
text of British Standards, presentation and organizations [ i]2.2.6 review [2] 3.7.2, 3.7.3
conventions [3] 17.1, 17.2 UN agencies concerned with standards [ i ] WMO [i]Annex A.2
third party certification Annex A.2 worddivision [3] 17.2.4
BS specification requirements 131 5.7.2, UNCPAD [ i ] Annex A.2 work programmes for British Standards [ 21
5.8 undated references to standards [ i ] 3.3.3 3.1
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conformity to BS specifications [i]3.1.4 üNESCO[l] Annex A.2 workinggroups, BSI [2] 2.3.5
titles, British Standards [3] Annex B.2 UNIDO [i]Annex A.2
identical international or European units, letter symboìs for [3] 14.3 ‘2’ and ‘s’speiiing [3] 17.2.1
standards [31 16.3 unitsof measurement [3] 14.2
placing131 17.1.4

55
._....-. i. .,.--....- .. ... .. .
BSI B S t O : P A R T * 3 Ob = bb24bbî 038b178 T î 2
BSO:Part3: 1991
List of references (see 1.2)
Normative references
BSI publications
A
BRITISH SïANDARDS INSTITUTION, London
BS O : A standard f o r standar&s
BS O : Part 1 : 1991 Guide to g a e r a l p r ì n c ì p k of standardization
BS O : Part 2 : 1991
BS 308 :
Guade to BSI committee procedures
Engineering drawingpmctice
A
ES 308 : part 1 : 1984 Recvrn-m forgeneml~-&ples
BS 308 : Part 2 : 1985 Recvrn&t.ions f o r dinwnsìoning and toleram*ngof size
BS 308 : Part 3 : 1990 Reccmzmendatd forgeonetrical tokancing
BS 328 : Drills and reamers
BS 328 : Part 1 : 1986 S’fication f o r twist drills
BS 350 : Con- factors and laoles
BS 350 : Part 1 : 1974 Basis of tables. Con- factors
Supplement No. 1 (1967) to Aàùitionul tablesfor SI conversions
BS 350 : Part 2 : 1962
BS 1192 : Construction drawing practice
BS 1192 : Part 1 : 1984
BS 1192 :Part 3 : 1987
BS 1629 : 1989
I i ! e 6 o-m ~ -t.ù m s.
--far.q&p-ncìples
RecgmmendatZons for symbols and’othergras& conventW
ReccmmendatzonSfor references to published matenuls
A
BS 1749 : 1985 Recmmt?ndutzonS f o r alphabetical arrangement and thefiling orLr
of numbers and symbols
BS 2774 : 1983 S’fkation f o r drawing conventions for lab0ratin-yglass apparatus
BS 3669 : 1963 Recommendationsf o r the selection, fomnation and definition of
technical temzs
BS 3700 : 1988 Reccmzmendatwns f o r preparing i n d e m to books, periodicals and
outerdocuments
BS 3939 : Guidefor graphical symbols f o r electrical p o w telecommunications
and electronics diagrams
BS 3939 : Part 1 : 1986 General information, g m l index
BS 3939 : Part 2 : 1985 Symbol elements, qualqying symbols and other symbols having
general application
BS 3939 : Part 3 : 1985 Conductors and connecting devices
BS 3939 : Part 4 : 1985 passive em-
BS 3939 : part 5 : 1985 Semiconductorsand electron tubes
BS 3939 : Part 6 : 1985 Production and converJion of electrical energy
BS 3939 : Part 7 : 1985 Switchgeaq controlgear and protective devices
BS 3939 : Part 8 : 1985 Measuring instruments, lamps and signalling &vices
BS 3939 : Part 9 : 1985 lkhm,mun.ications: switching and peripheral equip?nenî
BS 3939 : Part 10 : 1985 lkhcnnmunications: t r a n s m a n
BS 3939 : Part 11 : 1985 Architectural and tupographical installation plans and diagram
‘i
BS 3939 : Part 12 : 1985 Binam/ logic elements
BS 3939 : Part 13 : 1985 Analogue elements
BS 4148 : 1985 Specification f o r abbreviation of title words and titles of publications
BS 4301 : 1982 Recommendations f o r preparation of drawings f o r optical elements
and systems
BS 4778 : Quality vocabulary
BS 4778 : Part 1 : 1987
BS 4778 : Part 3 :
S 4778 : Section 3.1 : 1991
E
IntemAltional terms
Availability, reliability and maintainability temzs
Guide to concepts and related terms A
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56
BSI BStO: PART*3 O3 M L b 2 4 b b 9 03863’79 929 M
BS O : Part 3 : 1991
BS 5070 . Engineering diagram drawing pmctice

BS 5070 : Part 1 : 1988 Recommendationsfor general W n n p l e s
BS 5070 : Part 2 : 1988 &commendations for electrotechnology diagram7
Recommendations for mechanicafffluidflow d i w - a m
/,\ BS 5070 : Part 3 : 1988
& 5070 :Part 4 : 1990
BS 5378 :
Recommendationsfor logic diagrams
Safety signs and coEours
BS 5378 : Part 1 : 1980 Spec<fkation.forcoùrur and deswn
BS 549’1 : Precision of test methods
BS 5497 : Part 1 : 1987 .
i
f ,the & m i m i o n of repeatability and rexmduciMitvfm
a standard test method by inter-@orat~ry
BS 5499 : Fire safety d g n s , notices and graphic symbols
BS 5499 : Part 1 : 1990 Specaf2cutionfor fire safety signs
Bs 5775 : Specgkation for quuntitìes, units and symbols
BS 5775 : Part O : 1982 General principles
BS 5775 : Part 1 : 1979 Space and t i m
BS 5775 : Part 2 : 1979 Periodic and related pherumena
BS 5775 : Part 3 : 1979 Mechanics
BS 5775 : Part 4 : 1979 Heat
BS 5775 : Part 5 : 1980 Electricity and rnugnet2sm
BS 5775 : Part 6 : 1982 Light and related electrurnagnetic radiations
BS 5775 : Part 7 : 1979 Acoustics
BS 5775 : Part 8 : 1982 Physical chemistrg and molecular physics
BS 5775 : Part 9 : 1982 Atomic and nuclear physics
BS 5775 : Part 10 : 1982 Nuclear reactions and ionizing radiations
BS 5775 : Part 11 : 1979 Mathematical signs and symbols f m use in the physical sc2ences and
technology
BS 5775 : Part 12 : 1982 Dimensionless parameters
BS 5775 : Part 13 : 1982 Solid state physics
BS 5781 : Quality assurance requirementsfar measuring equiprnmu
BS 5781 : Part 1 : 1992 Metrological cmfirrnatùna systemfor masuring e q u ì p m a t
BS 6000 : 1972 Guide to the use of Bs 6001, sampling procedures and tablesfor
inspection by attributes
BS 6001 : Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes
BS 6001 : Part 1 : 1991 Spe&fication for sampling plans incìexed by acceptable q u d t y level
[AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
BS 6001 : Part 2 : 1993 Spedfication for sampling plans indexed by limiting quality @QI
far isolated lot inspection
BS 6001 : Part 3 : 1993 Sp@ìcation for skìpld procedures
BS 6002 : 1979 Spedficationfor sampling procedures and charts for inspection by
variables for percerû defective
BS 6034 : 1990 m public iqförmation symbols
S p e c $ f ~ a t i for
BS 6217 : 1981 Guide to g r a p h i d symbolsfor use on electrical equipment
BS 6336 : 1982 Guide to develqpment and presen.íation of f i r e tests and their use in
hazard (ZsseSsIILent
BS 7324 : 1990 Guide to graphical symbolsfor use on equipneni
Q BS 7501 : 1989 General c r i t hfor the operation of testing laboratories
IS0 and EEC publications
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (1.30) and MTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION (IEC).
Geneva. (All publications are available from BSI Sales.)
IEC/ISO Directives - Part 2 : 1989 Methodoiugyfor the deuelqpment of IntematZorn1 Standards.
A ISOAEC Guide 25 : 1990 Generd requirementsfor the competence of ca?ibratianand testing

laboratmies
Other references
191 The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973.
[ 101 Chambers science and technology dictionary. Edinburgh: W & R Chambers; Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1988.
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57
B S I BS*O: PARTS3 O1 1624669 0386180 640
BSO:Part3: 1991
Informative references
BSI publications
BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, London
c
A
BS 381C: 1988 Specifkation for coloursfor identghtion, coding and special
pum-
BS 1710 : 1984 Specifhtion for iokntification of pipelines and services
BS 2564 : 1955 Control chart technique when manqfacturing to a spe&ficati#t, with
s p e d r e f e r m e to articles machined to dimensional tolemnees
BS 4040 : 1988 Specifbtion f o r leaded petrol (gasoline) f o r motor vehicles
BS 4289 : Methodsfor analysis of oilseeds
BS 4289 : Part 1 : 1990 Preparation of test sample
BS 4289 : Part 2 : 1989 Determimtwn of impurities conteni
BS 4289 : Part 3 : 1978 Determination of moisture and volat2le matter content
BS 4289 : Part 4 : 1989 Determination of hexane extract (or light p e t r o a m extract) called
‘oil content’
BS 4289 : Part 5 : 1989 Determination of acidity of fat
BS 4289 : Part 6 : 1986 Dekrmimtion of oil, m i s t u r e and wlatile mutter; and prokin by
infrared reflectance
BS 4289 : Part 7 : 1985 Determinution of oil by nuclear magnetic resonance
BS 4737 : Intruder alarm systems
BS 4737 : Part 1 : 1986 Spec$ìcution f o r installed systems with local audible and/or r m t e
signalling
BS 4737 : Part 2 : 1986 S’cifhtion f o r installed systemsf o r deliberate operation
BS 4737 : Part 3 : Specificatipsfor components
BS 4737 : Section 3.0 : 1988 General requirements
BS 4737 : Section 3.1 : 1977 Continwuus wiring
BS 4737 : Section 3.2 : 1977 Foil on glass
BS 4737 : Section 3.3 : 1977 Protective switches
BS 4737 : Section 3.4 : 1978 Radiowave Doppler detectors
BS 4737 : Section 3.5 : 1978 Ultrasonic m0verrwn.t detectors
BS 4737 : Section 3.6 : 1978 Acoustic detectors
BS 4737 : Section 3.7 : 1978 passive infra-red detectors
BS 4737 : Section 3.8 : 1978 Volumetric capacitive detectors
BS 4737 : Section 3.9 : 1978 Pressuremats
BS 4737 : Section 3.10 : 1978 Vibration detectors
BS 4737 : Section 3.11 : 1978 Rigid printed-circuit wiring
BS 4737 : Section 3.12 : 1978 Beam in.l%?rmption detectors
BS 4737 : Section 3.13 : 1978 Capacitive proximity detectors
BS 4737 : Section 3.14 : 1986 Specifhtionf o r delibemtely-operated devices
BS 4737 : Section 3.30 : 1986 S p c i f h t i o n for PVC insulated cablesf o r interconnecting wz’r@!
BS 4737 : Part 4 : Codes of practice
BS 4737 : Section 4.1 : 1987 Code of pmctice f o r planning and installation
BS 4737 : Section 4.2 : 1986 Code of practice for mairtiknunce anù records .-
BS 4737 : Section 4.3 : 1988 Code of pmctice f o r exterìor a i u m systern-s
BS 4800 : 1989 Schedule of paint coloursf o r building purposes
BS 4884 : S’m@atwn for technicd manuals
BS 4884 : Part 1 : 1973 co?a&?rlt
BS 4884 : Part 2 : 1974 Presenhtwn
BS 4901 : 1976 Specif2catùmfor plastics coloursf o r building purposes
BS 5233 : 1986 Glossary of termsfor use in metrology
BS 5252 : 1976 Framework for c o h r co-ordinutùmfor building purposes
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
58
..
1
BSI B S X O : P A R T t 3 DL H Lb24669 038bL8l1 587 H

BSO:Part3: 1991
Bs 5261C: 1976 Marksfor copy preparation and proof correction

BS 5304 : 1988 Code of practice for mfety of muchinmy
BS 5309 : Methodsfor sampling chemical products
BS 5309 : Part 1 : 1976 Introduction and general principles
BS 5309 : Part 2 : 1976 Sampling of gams
BS 5309 : Part 3 : 1976 Sampling of liquids
BS 5309 : Part 4 : 1976 Sampling of solids
BS 5328 : comte
I3S 5328 : Part 2 : 1990 Methodsfor -spec&fyingconcrete mixes
BS 5363 : 1976 Method for mcwwemmú of reverberation time in auditoria
BS 5381 : Methods for determination of physical properties of tobacco and
tobaccoproducts
BS 5381 : Part 1 : 1986 Loss of tobaccof m the ends of cigarettes
E
S 5381 : Part 2 : 1988 Nominal diameter of cigarettes and filters (pneumatic method)
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
BS 5381 : Part 3 : 1979 Determination of free combustion rate of cigarettes

BS 5381 : Part 4 : 1980 Determination of air permeability of material used as cigarette
Papers
BS 5381 : Part 5 : 1983 Draw resistance of cigarettes and filter rods
A BS 5532 :
standard test method by inter-laborato?y tests
Statistical terminology
BS 5532 : Part 1 : 1978 Glossary of terms relatihg to probaòility and genmal temns relating to
statistics
BS 5532 : Part 3 : 1986 Glossary of terms relating to the design of experiments
BS 5555 : 1981 Specjfication for SI units and recommendations for the use of their
multiples anà ;ifcertain other units
BS 5558 : Controllers with analogue signaisfor use in industrial-process control
systems
BS 5558 : Part 1 : 1989 Methodsfor evaluating p q f m a n c e
BS 5694 : 1979 Method for measurement of non-linearity in resistors
BS 5700 : 1984 Gui& to process control using quality control chart methods and
cusum techniques
BS 5701 : 1980 Guide to number-defective chartsfor quality control
BS 5703 : Guide to data analysis and quality control using CusU'wL techniques
BS 5703 : Part 1 : 1980 Introduction to cusum charting
BS 5703 : Part 2 : 1980 Decision rules and statistical testsfor cumm charts and tabulations
BS 5703 : Part 3 : 1981 Cusum methods f o r process/quality control by measurement
BS 5703 : Part 4 : 1982 Cusumsfor ccyuntedíattrihtes data
BS 5706 : 1979 Methodsfor the &termination of thiosulphate and other residual
chem.icak in processed photographic f i l m , plates and papers:
methylene blue photometric method and silver sulphide densitometric
method
BS 5750 : Qmlity systems
BS 5750 : Part O : Principal concepts and applications
BS 5750 : Section 0.1 : 1987 Guide to selection and use
BS 5750 : Section 0.2 : 1987 Guide to quulity management and quality system ehnents
BS 5750 : Part 1 : 1987 Specificationfor design/ckvebpmmt, production, installation and
S&Ging
BS 5750 : Part 2 : 1987 Specification for production and installation
BS 5750 : Part 3 : 1987 Specifìcation for f i n a l inspection and test
BS 5777 : 1979 Methods of test for verification of stability of pallet stackers and high
1zyt pla&f¿r?-mtrucks

59
-
‘ E S 1 BS+O: PART+3 O 1 = l b 2 4 b b q 03Bb182 413 m
BS 5781 : Measur- and calibration systems

BS 5781 : Part 1 : 1979 Specifkation f o r system requirements
BS 5781 : Part 2 : 1981 Guide to ULe use of BS 5781 :&rt 1 ‘Specificationfor system
requirements’
BS 5806 : 1979 Method of masurement of thickness for mica blocks, thins, f i l m and
Splittings
BS 5857 : Methodsf o r measurement offluidflow in closed conduits, Using
tmcers
BS 5857 : Part 1 : Meusur- of waterjïow
BS 5857 : Section 1.1 : 1980 General
BS 5857 : Section 1.2 : 1980 Constant rate injection method using non-radioactive tracers
BS 5857 : Section 1.3 : 1980 Constant rate injection method using radioactive tracers
BS 5857 : Section 1.4 : 1980 Transit t i m m t h o d using non-radioactive tracers
BS 5857 : Section 1.5 : 1980 Transit t i m method using radioactive tracers
BS 5857 : Part 2 : Measurement of g a s j k w
BS 5857 : Section 2.1 : 1980 General
BS 5857 : Section 2.4 : 1980 Transit time method using radioactive tracers
BS 5859 : 1980 Method for determination of colour of petroleum products
BS 5862 : 1980
BS 5987 : 1980
Method of specìfying inductive voltage dividers
Methodsfor sampling tea A
BS 6374 : Lining of equipment with polymeric materials for the process

ind.us&
BS 6374 : Part 3 : 1984 S’ficatim f o r lining ?&th stoved thermosetting resins
BS 6446 : 1984 Specifkation f o r mnuf&ure of glwd structural components of
ti- and wood based panel products
BS 6629 : 1985 Specification for optical pe?j%rnmuznce of high-visibility gamzents and
accesso7-iesfor use on the highway
Method for specifying requirements f o r low voltuge power supplies,
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
BS 6688 : 1986
switching type, d.c. output
PD 6461 : VocaIrulu?yof metrology

PD 6461 : Part 1 : 1985 Basic and general terms (intemuztioml)
PD 6461 : Part 2 : 1980 Vocabulaq of legal metrology -fundamental terms
PD 6501 : Z4epeparation of British Standardsfor building and civil
engine&ng
PD 6501 : Part 1 : 1982 Guide to ULe types of British Standard, their aims, relationship,
content and application
PD 6501 : Part 2 : 1984 Guide to presentation

60
BSI BS*O: PARTU3 CIL W Lb24bbS 038bL83 35T W
BSO:Part3: 1991
IS0 and IEC publications
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION( E O ) and INTERNATIONALELECMWTECHNICALCOMMISSION (IEC),

Geneva. (All publications are available from BSI Sales.)
IS0 31/0 : 1981 General prìmiples concerning quantities, units and symbols
IS0 31/1 : 1978 Quantities and units of space and time
IS0 31/2 : 1978 Quantities and units of periodic and related phenomem
IS0 31/3 : 978 Quantities and units of mechanics
IS0 31/4 : 978 Quantities and units of heat
IS0 31/5 : 979 Quantities and units of electricity and magnetism
IS0 31/6 : 980 Quantities and units of light and related electromugnetic radiations
IS0 31/7 : 978 Quantities and units of acoustics
IS0 31/8 : 980 Quantities and units of physical chemistry and molecular physics
IS0 31/9 : 1980 Quantities and units of atomic and nuclear physics
IS0 31/10 : 1980 Quantities and units of nuclear reactions and ionizing radiations
IS0 31/11 : 1978 Mathematical signs and symbols.for use in the physical sciences and
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
technology
IS0 31/12 : 1981 Dimensionless parameters
IS0 31/13 : 1981 Quantities and units of solid state physics
IS0 1000 : 1981 SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of
certain other units
IEC/ISO Directives - Part 3 : 1989 Draftir~gand presentution of International Standards
IS0 Guide 31 : 1981 Conten,&of cwttficates of rqtwmKe m a ~ * a ì s

IEC/ISO Guide 37 : 1983 Instructions for use of products of consumer interest
CEN and CENELEC publications
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION(CEN) and EIJROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR ELECTROTECHNICAL

STANDARDIZATION(CENELEC), Brussels. (All publications are available from RSI Sales.)
CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations Part 3 : 1990 Rulesf o r the drafting and presentation of European
Standards
Other references
11 GREAT BRITAIN. Trade Descriptions Act 1968. London: HMSO

21 GREAT BRITAIN. Consumer Protection Act 1987. London: HMSO
31 GREAT BRITAIN. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations, 1988. London: HMSO
41 GREAT BRITAIN. Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. London: HMSO
51 GREAT BRITAIN. Patents Act 1977. London: HMSO
61 GREAT BRITAIN. Patents Act 1949. London: HMSO
71 GREAT BRITAIN. Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. London: HMSO
81 GREAT BRITAIN. Registered Designs Act 1949. London: HMSO

\ BSI BS*O: PART*3 OL Lb2LibbS 038bL84 296
BS O : Part 3 :
1991
BSI - British Standards Institution
BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British

Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the
international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.
Contract requirements
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct
application.
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Revisions
British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British
Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or
editions.
Any person who finds an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British
Standard should notify BSI without delay so that the matter may be
investigated swiftly.
BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures
that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.
Buying British Standards
Orders for aìl British Standard publications should be addressed to the Sales
Department at Milton Keynes.
Information on standards
BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and
international standards through its Library, the Standardline Database, the BSI
Information Technology Service (BITS) and its Technical Help to Exporters
Service. Contact Customer Information at Milton Keynes: Tel: 0908 221166.
Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments
and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For
details of these and other benefits contact the Manager, Membership
Development at Milton Keynes: -1: 0908 220022.
copyright
Copyright subsists in ali BSI publications. No part of this publication may be
reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of BSI. This
does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of
details such as symbols and size, type or grade designations. Enquiries about
copyright should be made to the Copyright Manager, Publications at Milton
Keynes.
BSI
2 Park Street
London
W1A 2BS
BSI
Linford Wood
Milton Keynes
MK14 6LE
91 11- 6- 6k- B OU13

- a B S I BS*O: PARTS3 O 1 = LbZqbb9 0386185 122 m
AMD 8025
Amendment No. 1
published and effective from 16 November 1993
toBS0:Part 3:1991
A stanchard for standards

Part 3. Guide to drafting and presentation of
British Standards
Revised text
Conten&
Delete the title for annex E and substitute the following.
‘(normative) Drafting of specifications: principles relating to verification of
conformity’
Clause 1.2.1 Normative references

Delete the existing text and substitute the following.
‘This Part of BS O incorporates, by dated or undated
reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are made at the appropriate
places in the text and the cited publications are listed
on pages 56 and 57. For dated references, only the
edition cited applies; any subsequent amendments to
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or revisions of the cited publication apply to this

Part of J3S O oniy when incorporated in the reference
by amendment or revision. For undated references, the
latest edition of the cited publication applies, together
with any amendments.’
Clause 3.5.1 Normative reference to BSI publications

‘if a standard can be made complete only by including
material from another BSI publication, normative
reference is made to the other publication if the text is
long. if the text is short, it is preferable to include it in
full, and to acknowledge its source in a footnote (see
B.10). Where a dated reference is made, and in all
cases where the number of a specific section, clause,
etc. is cited, the publication number and year are
quoted (seealso 17.3.2).’
Copyright British Standards Institution 9311-3-1.5k-B

BSI BS*O: P A R T S 3 01 m Lb24bbî 03BbLBb Ob9 W
New clause 11.1.4

Insert the following new clause after 11.1.3.
‘11.1.4 Drafts for Development are also published to
implement the prestandards issued by
European standards organizations. Experience gained
with their use is reported to the European organization
responsible for converting the prestandard into a
European Standard. On the basis of this experience,
the corresponding BSI committee will decide whether
to propose to the European standards organization
that the prestandard should:
a) be converted into a European Standard;

b) have its life extended;
c) bewithdrawn.’
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Clause 11.3 Introductory statement
After the clause title, insert the following heading.
‘11.3.1 Drafts of national origin’
At the end of the first sentence, insert ‘of national
origin’.
AMD 8025INovember 1993

------_-------c--------------------------------------
New clause 11.3.2

’
After the existing text of 11.3, insert the following new clause.
‘11.3.2Drafts of European origin
The fobwing introductory statement is included in the
national foreword of every Draft for Development
implementing a European Prestandard.
‘This publication is not to be regarded as a
British Standard
It is being issued in the Draft for Development
series of publications and is of a provisional nature
because [reason stated]. It should be applied on this
provisional basis so that information and
experience of its practical application may be
obtained.
Comments arising from the use of this Draft for
Development are requested so that UK experience
can be reported to the European organization
responsible for its conversion to a European
Standard. A review of this publication will be
initiated 2 years after its publication by the
European organization so that a decision can be
taken on its status at the end of its three-year life.
The commencement of the review period will be
notified by an announcement in BsINews.
According to the replies received by the end of the 4
review period, the responsible BSI Committee will

decide whether to support the conversion into a
European Standard, to extend the life of the
prestandard or to withdraw it. Comments should be
sent in writing to the Secretary of BSI Technical
Committee [designation]at [address] giving the
document reference and clause number and
proposing, where posible, an appropriate revision
of the text.’

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS 3
B S I BSSO: P A R T * 3 O1 1624669 038618’7 T T 5
Reference should be made in the national foreword to
any British Standards on the same subject that will
remain in force during the life of the prestandard but
will be withdrawn after it has been converted into a
European Standard and implemented as a British
Standard. Any informative national annexes (see 16.4)
in the Draft for Development added to give guidance
on provisions of the prestandard have to be referred to
in the national foreword.’
AMD 8025/Nwember 1993

-----------------------------------------------------
Clause 13.4.2
Delete ‘British Standards so approved include’ and substitute ‘When so approved,
Briüsh Standards may be amended to include’.
Clause 13.4.3
Delete the existing ciause and substitute the following.
‘13.4.3 Advice on consumer safety issues may be
sought from the Secretary of the Working Group on
Consumer Safety Standards of the BSI Consumer
Policy Committee. Home accident data, now published
in collated form through the Home Accident
Sweiìiance System, can be valuable in assessing the
nature of product hazards and pinpointing accident
trends. The Consumer Safety Unit of the Department
of Trade and Industry is responsible for the system
and is represented on the Working Group, which may
be approached if further in-depth studies on particular
aspects appear necessary.’
Clause 13.5.5
Delete the text in quotation marks (lines 4 to 12 inclusive) and substitute the
following.
“The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) commends
the use of this British Standard to those who have
duties under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act
1974. The standard was drawn up with the
participation of HSE representatives and it will be
referred to in relevant HSE publications.”
AMD 8025fNovember 1993

-_--_-_----------------------------------------------
Clause 14.1.2
In the penultimate line, delete ‘Customer Information‘ and substitute ‘Customer
Services, Information’.
AMD 802WNovember 1993

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clause 15.2.8
In the penultimate line, delete ‘Customer Information’ and substitute ‘Customer
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3
BSI BSXO: PARTX3 O1 m 1 6 2 4 b b î 038b188 931 =
.................................................
Clause 15.3.2
In the penultimate line, delete ‘Customer Information’ and substitute ‘Customer
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
.....................................................
AMD 8026/November 1993
Clause 15.5.3
In lines 16 and 17, delete ‘Customer Information’ and substitute ‘Customer Services,
Information’.
AMD 8025/November 1993

.....................................................
Clause 16.2 Numbering
At the end of the clause insert the foliowing new paragraph.
‘When a European Prestandard is published as a Draft
for Development, the identifier of the prestandard is
used, prefEed by ‘DD’, e.g. ‘DD ENV 999’, where
’999’ represents the number of the ENV.’
Clause 17.3.2 Citation of standards publications

‘Standards publications are cited by reference to their
BS or other serial number (see annex A).
It is preferable for a normative reference to a complete
standard to be a dated reference (i.e. to include its
year of publication). This means that only the cited
edition of the standard applies. Any subsequent
amendments to it or revision of it do not apply unless
and until the reference in the referring standard is
changed.
A normative reference may be left undated if it is
accepted that, for the purposes of the referring
standard, any amendments to or revisions of the cited
standard will also apply without specific reference
being made to them.
The year of publication is always included wherever a
specific textual reference is made, e.g. ‘table 5 of
BS 4515 : 1984’, whether or not the reference is
normative or informative.
Where a standard has been published in separate
Parts, Sections or Subsections, the appropriate
subdivision should be cited in any normative reference
to the standard, e.g. ‘BS 6789 : Section 6.2 : 1989’.’
Clause B.2.2
Delete the existing clause and substitute the following.
‘B.2.2Standards with different BS numbers should not
have the same generic title, but this may be
unavoidable, e.g. during the transition of a BS series to
a BS EN series of standards.’

A
Not for Resale, 04/03/2006 21:08:41 MDT I
B S I BS*O: PARTm3 O L m L b 2 4 b b î 038bL89 6 7 8 m
Clause B.8.3
In lines 5 and 6, delete 'together with a reference to any national annexes that
appear in the standard'.
Clause B.8.4
Delete paragraph 2 and substitute the following.
'For European Standards the cross-references list is
d l y included as a national annex.'
Clause B.8.8
Delete the note at the end of this clause.
New cìause B.8.9

Insert the following new clause.
'B.8.9It is similarly not permissible to make
alterations to the text of a European Standard.
However, if a sign@mnt error is discovered, BSI's
duty of care requires that error to be brought to the
attentiun of the user of the standard.
At the point where it occurs in the text, the error is
marked with an asterisk in the margin. At the foot of
the page the following footnote is inserted:
"See national foreword for details of textual error(s).'
In the national foreword, the following is inserted.
'Textualerror(s). When implementing the English
language version of EN . , . as the national standard,
the textual error@) given (listed) below was (were)
discovered. It has (they have) been reported to
[name of European organization] in a proposal to
amend the text of the European Standard.'
The text is followed by the details of each error, giving
the relevant textual reference and the proposed
correction.'
New clause B.8.10

Insert the foiìowing new clause.
'B.8.10in the case of an EN in the preparation of
which the UK has not participated and for which there
is no BSI committee (see 4.6.2 of BS O : Part 2 : 1991,
as amended by Amendment No. 1 (1993)), the
followingtext is all that is required in the national 4
foreword of the corresponding BS EN.

'This British Standard has been prepared under the
direction of the BSI Standards Board and is the
English language version of EN [number, date and
title] published by the European Cornmittec ror
[Standardization (CEN)/Electrotechnical
Standardization (CENELEC)].
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

c
B S I BSXO: PART*3 O 1 1b24b’Pï 0 3 8 b L ï 0 5 ï T
This British Standard has been produced to fulfil

BSI’s obligation to publish all approved European
Standardsbut, because of the absence of interest in
the UK in the subject concerned, there has been no
UK participation in the preparation of [EN number].
Any queries relating to the EN should be directed
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
to BSI.
Compliance with a British Standard does not
of itseïf confer immunity from legai
obligations.* ’
Clause B.13.3
In items a), b) and c), delete ‘standards’.
Clause C.1.3
In paragraph 1, delete the first sentence and substitute the following.
‘Engineering drawings conform to the conventions set
out in BS 308 :Part 1 : 1984, Part 2 : 1985 and
Part 3 : 1990, and construction drawings to those in
BS 1192 :Part 1 : 1984 and Part 3 : 1987, for all
details of presentation.’
In paragraph 2, line 2, before ‘apply’,insert ‘and Part 4 : 1990’.
AMD 8025November 1993

.....................................................
Annex E (informative) Drafting of specifications: guidance relating to
verification of conformity
After ‘Annex E’, delete ‘(informative)’and substitute ’(normative)’.
In the title, delete ‘guidance’and substitute ‘principles’.
Clause E.2.2 Practical questions

In paragraph 2, line 3, insert ‘: 1987’ after ‘BS 5497 : Part 1’.

.....................................................
Clause E.3.2 Calibration
In paragraph 1, line 1, insert ‘: Part 1 : 1992’after ‘BS 5781 ’.
In paragraph 3, line 4, delete ‘BS 7501 (EN 45001) or ISOAEC Guide 25’ and
substitute ‘BS 7501 : 1989 (EN 45001 : 1989) or ISOAEC Guide 25 : 1990’.

.....................................................
Clause E.4 Comparison between actual and required results
In paragraph 4, line 4, insert ‘: Part 1 : 1987’after ‘BS 5497’. .<

6
.....................................................
Clause E.5.1 General guidance
In paragraph 3, line 7, delete ‘BS6001 or BS 6002’ and substitute ‘BS 6001 :Part 1
: 1991, E
S 6001 : Part 2 : 1993 or BS 6001 : Part 3 : 1993 or BS 6002 : 1979’.
.....................................................
N U D 8025lNovember 1993
Clause E.5.2 Use of the tem AQL

In the last line, insert ‘: 1972’ after ‘BS 6000’.
List of references
In the list of normative references, in the heading ‘BSI standards publications’, delete
‘standards’.
Delete the reference to BS O : Part 3 : 1990 and the erroneous title.
In the final entry under BS 4778, delete ‘BS 4778 : Part 3 : Section 3.1 : 1991’ and
substitute ‘BS4778 : Section 3.1 : 199 1’.
--`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
After the reference to BS 5378 : Part 1 : 1980, insert the following.

‘BS 5497 : Precision of test methods
BS 5497 :Part 1 : 1987 Guiùefor the detmination of repeatability and reproducibilityfm
a standard test method by inter-laboratwytests’
BS 5781 : Quality assurance requirementsfor mmsuring equipmat
BS 5781 :Part 1 : 1992 Metrological con&%-rnatwnsystemfor measuring equip-
BS 6000 : 1972 Guide to the use of BS 6001,sampliw procedures and tablesfor
inspection by attributes
BS 6001 : Sampling proceduresfor‘inspectwnby attributes
BS 6001 :Part 1 : 1991 Specifzcation for sampling plans indexed by acceptable quaL?& level
(AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
BS 6001 :Part 2 : 1993 SpecGficationfor sampling plans indexed by limiting qurrlity (24)
for isolated lot inspection
BS 6001 :Part 3 : 1993 Specificationfor skip-lotprocedures
BS 6002 : 1979 Specificationfor sampling procedures and chartsfor inspect’ion 6.y
variablesfor percent Clefective’
After the reference to BS 7324 : 1990, insert the following.
‘BS 7501 : 1989 General criteria for the operation of testing laboratories’
After the reference to IECASO Directives - Part 2 : 1989, insert the following.
‘ISODEC Guide 25 : 1990 General requiremenisfor the competence of calibration and testing
laboratories’
In the list of informative references, in the headings ‘BSI standards publications’,
‘IS0 and IEC standards publications’ and ‘CEN and CENELEC standards
publications’, delete ‘standards’.
‘BS 1192 :Fart 3 : 1987 Recommendationsfor symbols and other graphic convatbns’
‘BS 5070 : Part 4 : 1990 Recommendationsfor logic diagrams’
Delete the references to BS 5497 together with BS 5497 : Part 1 : 1987,
BS 6000 : 1972, BS 6001 together with BS 6001 : Part 1 : 1991,
BS 6001 : Part 2 : 1984 and BS 6001 : Part 3 : 1986, BS 6002 : 1979, B S k 0 1 : 1989
and ISO/IEC Guide 25 : 1982.

Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=University
7 of Hong Kong/5910986001

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B S I BS*O: PART*3 O 1 lb2Libb9 038bL20 1 7 6 = I!

BRITISH STANDARD BS O : Part 3 :

A standard for standards

Copyright British Standards Institution

This British Standard, having

BS O : Part 2 first published

The following BSI references

ISBN O 580 19259 8 --`,`,`,`,,,,``,```,,```,`,`,`,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Copyright British Standards Institution

Copyright British Standards Institution

Section 7. Other types of specification

13.4 Consumer safety 24

Copyright British Standards Institution

Copyright British Standards Institution

1.1 Scope 1.2.2 Informative references

1.2 References 1.3 Definitions

Copyright British Standards Institution

Section 2. Range of BSI publications

2.1 British Standards (BS) 2.3 Published Documents (PD)

2.2 Drafts for Development (DD)

Copyright British Standards Institution

Section 3. Structure and arrangement of British

Copyright British Standards Institution

3.2 Divisions and subdivisions 3.2.5 Subclauses

Copyright British Standards Institution

h) any relevant government regulatory and

Copyright British Standards Institution

Section 4. Principles of planning and drafting

4.1 Pìanning and coordination 4.2 Purpose, objectivity and scope

4.1.4 The intended relationship between a

Copyright British Standards Institution

expressed (see also 8.4 and 9.2).

Copyright British Standards Institution 11

in 8.1.2 and 9.4.1.

4.8 Legal considerations

‘Compliance with a British Standard does not of

Section 5. Drafting of specifications: general principles

Copyright British Standards Institution

5.4 Additions 5.7.2 Advice on means of verifying conformity to

’) See 17.3.4 on the use of ‘comply’ and ‘conform’

5.8.2 References to third party product

?Productcwtif2cation. Users of this British

5.8.3 Legislative requirements for certification

?Certificationrequirement. Attention is drawn

Copyright British Standards Institution 15

Section 6. Specifications for products

6.1 Scope of specifications for products 6.3 Coding

include requirements for packaging and for the Standard product;

6.4.2 Informative labelling

Copyright British Standards Institution

Section 7. Other types of specification

Copyright British Standards Institution

8.1 Function of methods 8.4 Verbal forms

Copyright British Standards Institution

Section 9. Codes of practice

9.1 Function of codes of practice 9.4 Relationship between codes of

9.4.2 Requirements relevant to manufacturing

Copyright British Standards Institution

B S I BSO: PART3 O 1 lb2Libb9 038bL20 1 7 6 = I!