MARITIME ENGLISH – N.

VIII Tanggal Revisi :

(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

MODULE I – Session 1 – 2
LECTURE DESCRIPTION:
At the completion of the lecture, cadets are expected to be able to describe the seafarer’s professions and
ranks and shipping terminologies – III, identify and use responsible & function, and practice speaking with
thanking & telling time.

1. Reading : Seafarer’s Professions and Ranks

2. Grammar : Responsible & Function
3. Vocabulary : Shipping Terminologies III
4. Speaking : Thanking & Telling Time

1. Reading Comprehension: Seafarer’s Professions and Ranks

Seafarers hold a variety of professions and ranks, and each of these roles carries unique responsibilities
which are integral to the successful operation of a seafaring vessel. A ship's bridge, filled with sophisticated
equipment, requires skills differing from those used on the deck, which houses berthing and cargo gear,
which requires skills different from those used in a ship's engine room, and so on. The following is only a
partial listing of professions and ranks. Ship operators have understandably employed a wide variety of
positions, given the vast array of technologies, missions, and circumstances that ships have been
subjected to over the years. A ship's crew can generally be divided into four main categories: the Deck
Department, the Engineering Department, the Steward's Department, and others.

1. CAPTAIN / MASTER

The Captain or Master is the ship's highest responsible officer, acting on behalf of the ship's owner.
Whether the captain is a member of the deck department or not is a matter of some controversy, and
generally depends on the opinion of an individual captain. The captain has no watch in addition to officers.

2. DECK DEPARTMENT

2.1. Chief Officer / Chief Mate

The Chief Officer (often called the Chief Mate in the United States) is the head of the deck department on a
merchant vessel, second-in-command after the ship's Master. The Chief Mate's primary responsibilities are

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

the vessel's cargo operations, its stability, and supervising the deck crew. The mate is responsible for the
safety and security of the ship, as well as the welfare of the crew on board. Additional duties include
maintenance of the ship's hull, cargo gears, accommodations, the lifesaving appliances and the firefighting
appliances. The Chief Mate also trains the crew and cadets on various aspects like safety, firefighting,
search and rescue, and various other contingencies. On most vessels, the Chief Officer and First Officer
(or First Mate) are synonymous, but passenger vessels often carry a separate First Officer who is junior to
the Chief Officer.

2.2. Second Officer / Second Mate

The Second Officer (or Second Mate) of a merchant vessel is usually in charge of navigation and is the
next licensed position above Third Officer and below Chief Officer. The second mate typically stands the
12-4 navigation watch. That is, the Second Mate will stand watch from 1200 to 1600 at noon and again
from 0000 to 0400 in the nights. The Second Mate is typically the navigation officer aboard a ship. The
navigation officer is responsible for maintaining the charts and navigational equipment on the bridge. The
duties also usually entail developing the voyage plans under the direction of the ship's Master. In the United
States system, it takes 360 days of sea service as a licensed Third Officer before one can become a
Second Officer. The other duties of this position often depend upon the type of ship worked aboard. On oil
tankers, the second officer usually provides the Chief Mate with assistance in tank cleaning.

2.3. Third Officer / Third Mate

The Third Officer or Third Mate is the third officer of a merchant vessel. The most junior officer of the ship,
the Third Mate is usually the safety officer (responsible for firefighting equipment, lifeboats, emergency
systems) and is in charge of a (bridge or cargo) watch.

2.4. Deck Cadet

A Deck Cadet (or Apprentice) is a nautical school graduate, entitled to a seaman's book, but is not an
officer-proper. The cadet must first carry out a one-year training on board ships, executing tasks of an
officer-of-the-watch under the supervision of senior officers.

2.5. Boatswain
A Boatswain, often (at least since 1868) phonetically spelled and pronounced bosun, is in charge of the
unlicensed deck crew and is sometimes also third or fourth mate.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

2.6. Carpenter
Ship's carpenters, though once ubiquitous, are now rare. They are, however, frequently found aboard
passenger liners. Ship's carpenters are sometimes referred to by the nickname, "Chips."

2.7. Able Seaman

In the modern merchant marine, an able seaman (AB) is a member of the deck department and must
possess a merchant mariner's document. An AB will work in a ship's deck department as either a
watchstander, a day worker, or a combination of these roles. At sea an AB watchstander's duties include
standing watch as helmsman and lookout. A helmsman is required to maintain a steady course, properly
execute all rudder orders and communicate utilizing navigational terms relating to heading and steering.
While the ship is not underway, a watchstander may be called upon to stand security-related watches, such
as a gangway watch or anchor watch.

2.8. Ordinary Seaman

In the United States Merchant Marine, an Ordinary Seaman or OS is an entry-level position in a ship's deck
department. An OS performs a variety of duties concerned with the operation and upkeep of deck
department areas and equipment. Upkeep duties include scaling, buffing, and painting decks and
superstructure; as well as sweeping and washing the deck. An OS may splice wire and rope; break out, rig,
overhaul, and stow cargo-handling gear, stationary rigging, and running gear. Additionally, the OS secures
cargo, as well as launches and recovers boats. The OS may rig and operate hydrographic and other
specialty winches; handle and stow oceanographic explosives; and stage and stow beach support
equipment.

3. ENGINEE DEPARTMENT

3.1. Chief Engineer

The Chief Engineer on a merchant vessel is the official title of someone qualified to oversee the engine
department. The qualification for this position is colloquially called a "Chief's Ticket". The Chief Engineer
commonly referred to as "The Chief" or just "Chief" is responsible for all operations and maintenance that
have to do with all engineering equipment throughout the ship.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

3.2. Second Engineer / First Assistant Engineer

The Second Engineer or First Assistant Engineer is the officer responsible for supervising the daily
maintenance and operation of the engine department. He or she reports directly to the Chief Engineer.
On a merchant vessel, depending on term usage, "The First" or "The Second" is the marine engineer
second in command of the engine department after the ship's Chief Engineer. The person holding this
position is typically the busiest engineer aboard the ship, due to the supervisory role this engineer plays
and the operations duties performed. Operational duties include responsibility for the refrigeration systems,
main engines (steam/gas turbine, diesel), and any other equipment not assigned to the Second Assistant
Engineer/Third Engineer or the Third Assistant Engineer/Fourth Engineer(s). If the engine room requires
round the clock attendance and other junior engineers can cover the three watch rotations, this officer is
usually a "day worker" from 0630-1830.

3.3. Third Engineer / Second Assistant Engineer

The Third Engineer or Second Assistant Engineer is junior to the Second Engineer/First Assistant Engineer
in the engine department and is usually in charge of boilers, fuel, auxiliary engines, condensate, and feed
systems. This engineer is the third highest marine engineer in rank. Depending on usage, "The Second" or
"The Third" is also typically in charge of fueling or bunkering, if the officer holds a valid Person In Charge
(PIC) endorsement for fuel transfer operations. The exact duties of this position will often depend upon the
type of ship and arrangement of the engine department. On ships with steam propulsion plants The
Second/Third is in charge of the boilers, combustion control, soot blowers, condensate and feed
equipment, feed pumps, fuel, and condensers. On diesel and gas turbine propulsion plants, this engineer is
in charge of auxiliary boilers, auxiliary engines, incinerator, air compressors, fuel, and fuel oil purifiers.

3.4. Fourth Engineer / Third Assistant Engineer

The Fourth Engineer or Third Assistant Engineer is junior to the Second Assistant Engineer/ Third Engineer
in the engine department. The most junior marine engineer of the ship, he or she is usually responsible for
electrical, sewage treatment, lube oil, bilge, and oily water separation systems. Depending on usage, this
person is called "The Third" or "The Fourth" and usually stands a watch. Moreover, the Fourth Engineer
may assist the third mate in maintaining proper operation of the lifeboats.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

3.5. Engineering Cadet

An Engineering Cadet (or Apprentice) is a nautical school graduate, entitled to a seaman's book, but is not
an officer-proper. The cadet must first carry out a one-year training on board ships, executing tasks of an
officer-of-the-watch under the supervision of senior officers.
In the US fleet, a Cadet is a student completing an internship-like program aboard ships. They assist the
licensed engineers in their duties in addition to completing a "sea project," a report which helps determine
the grade they receive for their time aboard ship.

3.6. Qualified Member of the Engine Department

A Qualified Member of the Engine Department (QMED) is a senior unlicensed crew member in the engine
room of a ship.

3.7. Pumpman
A position frequently found aboard fuel tankers.

3.8. Oiler
An Oiler is one of the most junior crew members in the engine room of a ship (senior only to a Wiper). An
Oiler's role consists mainly of keeping machinery lubricated.

3.9. Wiper
A Wiper is the most junior crew member in the engine room of a ship. Their role consists of wiping down
machinery and generally keeping it clean.

4. STEWARD'S DEPARTMENT

4.1. Chief Steward

The Chief Steward is the senior unlicensed crew member working in the steward's department of a ship.
Most United States Merchant Marine vessels do not carry a purser. The chief steward directs, instructs, and
assigns personnel performing such functions as preparing and serving meals; cleaning and maintaining
officers' quarters and steward department areas; and receiving, issuing, and inventorying stores. The chief
steward also plans menus; compiles supply, overtime, and cost control records. The Steward may
requisition or purchase stores and equipment. Additional duties may include baking bread, rolls, cakes,

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

pies, and pastries. A Chief Steward's duties may overlap with those of the Steward's Assistant, the Chief
Cook, and other Steward's Department crewmembers.

4.2. Chief Cook

The Chief Cook is a senior unlicensed crew member working in the Steward's department of a ship. The
Chief Cook directs and participates in the preparation and serving of meals; determines timing and
sequence of operations required to meet serving times; inspects galley and equipment for cleanliness and
proper storage and preparation of food. The cook may plan or assist in planning meals and taking inventory
of stores and equipment. A chief cook's duties may overlap with those of the Steward's Assistant, the Chief
Steward, and other Steward's Department crew members. Chief cooks are sometimes referred to by the
nickname, "Cookie."

4.3. Steward's Assistant

A Steward's Assistant or SA is an entry-level crew member in the Steward's department of a ship. This
position can also be referred to as Galley Utilityman or Messman. The role of the SA consists mainly of
cleaning and assisting with the preparation and serving of meals.

Answer the questions based on the reading text above

1. Describe in geberal the structure organisation of ship’s crew!
2. How can you explain about the engine department on board?
3. What are the responsibilities of chief steward on board?
4. What do you know about the master’s jobs?
5. What are the common job descriptions of deck cadets on board?
6. Do you know about the job of second engineers?
7. What is the difference between AB and OS in the deck department?
8. How can you define the chief engineers on board?

Assignment:
Make a summary of the above text with your own words, at least 5 (five) sentences.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

2. Grammar: Responsible & Function

I. RESPONSIBLE:

A person’s function or what he does, can be expressed in terms of his responsibility

1. S + TO BE + RESPONSIBLE + FOR + JOB

The Master is responsible for the safety of the ship.

2. S (JOB) + TO BE + THE RESPONSIBILITY + OF + PERSON

The safety of the ship is the responsibility of the Master.

3. S + TO BE + RESPONSIBLE + TO + EMPLOYER

The Master is responsible to the company for the safety of the ship.

Exercise: Link the following (do not change their order), using the correct pattern
(1). Chief Officer – Master – the Deck Department.
(2). Chief Engineer – the whole power units on board.
(3). Third Officer –the life saving equipment.
(4). The sounding of tanks and bilges – Carpenter.
(5). Chief Steward – Master – the Catering Department.
(6). Bosun– Chief Officer - maintenance and daily activities on deck.
(7). The loading and unloading of oil on tankers –Pumpman.
(8). Auxiliary Machinery –Second Engineer.
(9). Donkeyman –Chief Engineer – lubrication.
(10). The repair and maintenance of all electrical equipment – Electrical Officer.

b. Write down your own 5 sentences with the word of responsible to express someone’s job.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

II. FUNCTION:
The function of a THING, or what it is used for, can be expressed in number of ways:

1. THE FUNCTION OF + S + To Be + To Infinitive + O

The function of tankers is to carry crude oil.

2. S + To Be + USED FOR + V-ing + O

Tankers are used for carrying crude oil.

3. S + Verb (sp.present) + O

Tankers carry crude oil.

4. WE + Verb (sp.present) + O + WITH + S

We carry crude oil with tankers.

Exercise:
Change these compositions with the other three patterns.
(1). The function of windlass is to raise and lower the anchors.
(2). We measure the temperature with a thermometer.
(3). Multimeter is used for measuring voltage, current and resistance.
(4). Gantry cranes load and discharge containerized cargo.
(5). The function of boilers is to produce steam on board.
(6). Computers design the modern ships.
(7). Steering Gear is used for navigating and steering the ship.
(8). We provide lighting and electricity on board with a generator.
(9). Fire extinguisher is used for putting off fire.
(10). Dredgers deepen the fairways.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

b. Write down your own 5 sentences with the word of function to describe a certain device or tool.
Kery answers:
(1). Chief Officer is responsible to the Master for the Deck Department.
(2). Chief Engineer is responsible for the whole power units on board.
(3). Third Officer is responsible for the life saving equipment.

(3). Multimeter is used for measuring voltage, current and resistance.

a. The function of multimeter is to measure voltage, current and resistance.
b. Multimeter measures voltage, current and resistance.
c. We measure voltage, current and resistance with multimeter.
b. Write down your own 10 sentences with the verbs in past perfect continuous tense.

3. Vocabulary: Shipping Terminologies – III

Definitions and clarifications
1. CONSIGNOR - The person named in the bill of lading as the one from whom the goods have
been received for shipment.
2. COP (Custom of the Port) - Chartering term. Operations which take the peculiarities of the
port/country into account.
3. CTL (Constructive Total Loss) – In case of a ship incident such as collision, grounding, fire, if it is
too expensive to repair the ship, the insurance will consider it is lost. Therefore the ship is
abandoned or sold as scrap.
4. DEEP SEA TRADES - The traffic routes of both cargo and passenger vessels which are regularly
engaged on the high seas or on long voyages.
5. DEEP STOWAGE - Any bulk, bagged or other type of cargo stowed in single hold ships.
6. DEMDES (Demurrage / Despatch) - Brokerage abbreviation of chartering terms. The amount of
money to be paid if the ship is loading / discharging slower/faster than foreseen. Usually the
Despatch money paid by the shipowner is half the amount of the Demurrage paid by the
Charterer.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

7. DEMURRAGE - A fee levied by the shipping company upon the port or supplier for not loading or
unloading the vessel by a specified date agreed upon by contract.
8. DNV (Det Norkse Veritas classification) - Norwegian Classification Society
9. DOC (Document of Compliance) - Certificate provided by the Administration stating that the
Owner/Management complies with the ISM Code.
10. DP (Designated Person) - the Owner's staff who is appointed, for the ISM Code concerns, to be
aware of the problem of the vessels, has a direct access to the top management.
11. DRY DOCK (DD) –
1). An enclosed basin into which a ship is taken for underwater cleaning and repairing. It is fitted
with watertight entrance gates which when closed permit the dock to be pumped dry. Sometimes
has two or more compartments separated by watertight doors. Dry docks are also referred to as
Graving Docks.
2). Every two or three years, the ship has to be put in a dry dock in order to check all the
submerged parts, to repaint them, eventually to remove the propeller and the tailshaft.
12. ECOSOC (ECOnomic & SOcial Council of the United Nations) - UN agency parenting the IAEA
(International Atomic Energy Agency), the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organisation, and the
IMO.
13. FAK - Freight All Kinds - a system where freight is charged per container, irrespective of the
nature of goods and not according to tariff.
14. FAS - Free Along Side (of ship).
15. F.I.O. - Free In and Out (Trade term) - The seller of the goods pays their shipment and provides
all the documentation at the loading port. The buyer fixes the freight and the insurance.
16. FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE (FOC) - The registration of ships in a country that offer favourable
tax structures and regulations; also the flag representing the nation under whose jurisdiction a
ship is registered. Ships are always registered under the laws of one nation but are not always
required to establish their home location in that country. FOC states often offer low tax rates and
their requirements concerning manning or maintenance are not stringent. The term always
denotes registration of vessels in foreign nations.
17. F.O.B. - Free on Board: Export term in which the price quoted by the exporter does not include
the costs of ocean transportation, but does include loading on board the vessel.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

Vocabulary Building: Give concise definitions to the following terminologies and translate to Indonesian
language.
1. Demurage
2. DOC
3. Deep Sea Tardes
4. FOB
5. Consignor
6. Deep Stowage
7. FOC
8. ECOSOC
9. CTL
10. Dry Dock (DD)

4. Speaking: Thanking & Telling Time

4.1. Thanking
1. Thank you (very much). / Thanks (a lot).
Thank you for your kindness (valuable assistance).
Thank you for sending me the flower.

2. I’m much obliged to you.

We shall be much obliged if you will …
I’m really grateful to you.

3. It would be greatly appreciated if you could …

We should like to extend our special appreciation to …
It is our gratefulness to all of you, the honourable guests for attending our party tonight.

4. You’re welcome.
Don’t mention it.
That’s all right / It’s okay.
No problem / Not at all.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

5. Would you like some more coffee ? --- Yes, Please.

Please have another cup of tea. ---- Thank you.
Would you like beer ? --- No, thanks.

4.2. Telling Time

1. What time is it (now)?
What’s the time?
What time do you make it?

2. It’s nine o’clock (sharp) ⇨ (09.00)

It’s quarter past seven ⇨ (07.15) / It’s half past nine ⇨ (09.30)
It’s ten to eleven ⇨ (10.50) / It’s ten twenty-five ⇨ (10.25)
It’s three p.m. ⇨ (15.00) / It’s midday ⇨ (12.00)

3. He will arrive at 7:15 pm tomorrow.

She’ll be here at five in the afternoon.
He rang me up at twelve midnight when I was asleep.

4. What day is today?

What is the date today?
What date is it now? / What date was it yesterday?

5. It’s Friday today.

It’s the sixteenth of September.
It was August the first, two thousand.

6. It happened on the third of May, 1934.

It took place in March 1980.
My birthday is on August 14.
I see every other day.

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 MARITIME ENGLISH – N.VIII Tanggal Revisi :
(Bahasa Inggris Maritim) – Nautika Smt.8 Agustus 2020
A. Chalid Pasyah, Dip.Tesl. M.Pd.

Speaking exercises and Discussion Items:

1. Write down your own scenario about Thanking and Telling Time in English correctly!
2. Practice a real conversation with your partner about Thanking and Telling Time.
3. Write down your conversation above as written transcript.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. A. Chalid Pasyah, English for Ship’s Officers; KPN STIP, 2016.

2. Alan Branch & M.Robarts, Elements of Shipping, Routledge, 2014.
3. Anthony F.Molland, The Maritime Engineering Reference Book, Butterworth, 2008
4. IMO Model Course 3.17, Maritime English, 2015.
5. IMO, STCW Code, 2010, Manila Amandment.
6. Ron Cowan, Teacher’s Grammar of English, Cambridge, 2008
7. TN.Blakey, English for Maritime Studies, Pergamon, 2000

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