The main legal systems in the world include the European legal system, Roman

law system and English legal system of law that has spread to many other
countries, which include former English colonies such as Australia, New
Zealand and Canada.
The legal system law includes criminal law, civil law and the principal areas of
non-statutory civil law.
The legal system of the United Kingdom applies to four countries: England,
Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland, however some of the countries, like
Scotland and Northern Ireland, are quite autonomous in regards to legal
regulations. It is the law created by the legislature. It mainly deals with the Acts
of Parliament. The principal legislation that is based in London deals with the
UK Parliament. This is the only body that has the power to pass laws that can be
applied in all four countries. The UK Parliament consists of the House of Lords
and House of Common. The House of Commons consists of 650 MPs
(Members of Parliament). Each MP represents a defined geographic
constituency, where its electors vote using a ‘first-past-the-post’ system. Each
elector will have one vote, and the candidate is selected as an MP for that
constituency, depending upon the highest counting of votes.
The House of Lords consists of nearly 800 peers, out of which 600 are formally
appointed by the Queen on Prime Minister’s recommendation. The other Lords
are people who have inherited aristocratic titles such as ‘Lord’ or ‘Lady,’ and
senior bishops of the Church of England.
Rather than being designed from scratch, our courts system has evolved and
developed over 1,000 years. This has led to a complicated and, in places,
confusing structure.
Different types of case are dealt with in specific courts, and have different
routes into the Court of Appeal:
-All criminal cases will start in the Magistrates’ court, but more serious criminal
matters are sent to the Crown Court. Appeals from the Crown Court will go to
the High Court, and potentially to the Court of Appeal or even the UK Supreme
Court.
-Civil cases will usually start in the County Court. Again, appeals will go to the
High Court and then to the Court of Appeal – although to different divisions of
those courts.
-The tribunal system has its own structure for dealing with cases and appeals,
but decisions from different chambers of the Upper Tribunal, and the
Employment Appeals Tribunal, may also go to the Court of Appeal.
The courts structure covers England and Wales; the tribunals system covers
England, Wales and, in some cases, Northern Ireland and Scotland.

However the system is facing with such problems like

- Inefficiencies and unfairness in the system. It means that cases in court are
often 'double booked', so some hearings get canceled at the last minute. Things
like this waste the accused’s and their solicitor’s time and increase costs.
Also more and more courts are being closed. One more problem is that people
on low incomes aren’t able to access legal advice, or are having to pay
contributions towards it which are higher than they can afford.

Within five years, there could be areas in England and Wales where people who
have been arrested will not be able to access a duty solicitor. This means they
won’t be able to get the free legal advice they’re entitled to.