‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍ ﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬

‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‪:‬‬
‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﺴﺘﺎﻧﻲ‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
 ‫ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬#‫ﺍﻟ‬ 01

•By 2025, experts indicate that over 463 exabytes of data will be created each day, the
equivalent to around 212,765,957 DVDs.
•Poor data quality can cost the US economy as much as $3.1 trillion per year.
•The big data analytics market will reach a value of around $103 billion by 2027
•97.2% of organizations say they’re now investing in AI and big data
•Around 95% of companies says their inability to understand and manage unstructured
data is holding them back.

https://findstack.com/big-data-statistics/

@hani_now 2
 ‫ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬#‫ﺍﻟ‬ 01

@hani_now 3
‫ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ‪ Business Intelligence‬؟‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ )‪ :(BI‬ﻫﻮ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍ ﻹﺟ‪7‬ﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ <ﺘﻴﺢ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻭﺗﺨ‪CB‬ﻦ ﻭﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟ‪F‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ‪J‬ﻨﺘﺠﻬﺎ ﺃﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪F‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺩﺍء ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﺬﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ‪ETL‬‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﻭﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﺞ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻜ‪O‬ﻭﺳﻮﻓﺖ‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬
 ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪Power BI‬‬ ‫‪02.‬‬

‫• ‪ Power BI‬ﻫﻲ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻄﻮ‪9‬ﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ‬

‫‪.Microsoft‬‬

‫• ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ‪E‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎ‪G‬ﻚ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻠﻲ‬

‫ﻭﺍ‪G‬ﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘ‪P‬ﺍ‪Q‬ﺍﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴ‪%‬ﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟـ ‪:Power BI‬‬

‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪9‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﻲ ﻟﻠ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺩﻋﻢ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ) ‪ Microsoft‬ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ(‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ )‪(app.powerbi.com‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎ‪E‬ﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﻻ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟ ﺪﻋﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮ‪9‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﻤﺮ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ‪ -‬ﻋﺮﺽ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎ‪ji‬ﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ‪ iPad‬ﻭ ‪ iPhone‬ﻭ ‪ Android‬ﻭ ‪Windows‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪03.‬‬

‫‪ - 3.1‬ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪ Power BI Desktop‬ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺼﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻧﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎ‪ji‬ﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺍﻟ‪m‬ﺜ‪W‬ﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﻤ‪W‬ﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﻚ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺗﺤﻮ‪9‬ﻞ ﻭﺗﺼﻮﺭ‬
‫‪ Power BI Desktop‬ﻣﺠﺎًﻧﺎ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻣﻠﻒ ‪Q‬ﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫‪E‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎ‪G‬ﻚ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻫﻨﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ‪ Power BI‬ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺃﺣﻴﺎًﻧﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻗﻠﻴًﻼ ﻋﻤﺎ ﺗ‪P‬ﺍﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﺷﺘﻚ‪.‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬ 03.

‫ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ <ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻄ=ﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ‬- 3.2

‫ﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ‬W‫‹ﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻚ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻄ‬
:‫ﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬P‫ﺍﻟ‬
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1D5WxWF
UmBZOYfyHdu3wxGezxV1aQkwjW

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1D5WxWFU "‫ﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ‬j„‫ﻨ‬ƒ ‫ﺍﺑﻂ "ﺳﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺃﻳًﻀﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ‬P‫ﺒﻊ ﺍﻟ‬G‫ ﺍ‬.1
mBZOYfyHdu3wxGezxV1aQkwjW
AdventureWorks DW ‫ﻞ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬j„‫ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻨ‬.2
Scripts)
‫ﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﻭﻓﻚ‬W‫ ﺍﺣﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻐﻮﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻤ‬.3
‫ﺿﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻠﺪ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ‬
Power BI Desktop

‫ﺛﻢ‬

DimCustomer ، .‫ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‬W‫§ ﺗﺼﻔﺢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟ‬

DimDate ، DimProduct ، DimProductCategory ،
DimProductSubcategory ، FactInternetSales.

@hani_now 16
 ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪03.‬‬

‫‪ - 3.3‬ﻣ‪C‬ﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬

‫ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻲ ﻟـ ‪ Power BI‬ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺳ‪•Ž‬ﻊ‪ .‬ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ )ﺇ•ﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻭﺗﻐ‘ﻴﺮ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ( ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫)ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ( ﻭﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪9‬ﺮﺷﺪﻙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤ‪P‬ﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻘ‪jŽ‬ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻟﻨﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ‪Power BI Desktop‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪04.‬‬

‫ﻻﺳﺘﻴ‪P‬ﺍﺩ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﺸ‪P‬ﻭﻉ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﻏﺒﺖ ‹ﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬

‫‪E‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸ‪P‬ﻭﻉ ﺣﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎ‪G‬ﺒﺎﻉ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺍﺕ )ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫‪(1‬‬
‫• ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ‪ Power BI Desktop،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺣﻴ‪W‬ﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻨﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻤ‪jŽ‬ﻦ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﺩ "ﺇﺣﻀﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ" ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻨﻰ ﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸ‪•Ž‬ﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪9‬ﺆﺩﻱ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻢ ﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ•ﺭ "ﺇﺣﻀﺎﺭ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ" ﺇﻟﻰ‬

‫ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺷﻴﻮًﻋﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻤ„•ﺪ ‪ ...‬ﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺭ "ﺍﺳﺘﻴ‪P‬ﺍﺩ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ"‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 1‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ ‪Power BI‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬
 ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪04.‬‬

‫• ﺣﺪﺩ ‪ Text / CSV‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ‬

‫‪Connect‬‬

‫• ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻐﻮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﻔﻈﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ ‪، 3.2‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ‪DimCustomer.csv،‬ﻭﺍﻧﻘﺮ‬
‫ﻓﻮﻕ ﻓﺘﺢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬

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 ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪04.‬‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ ، 4‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ‪M‬ﺅﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎ‪QP‬ﻦ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺗﺤﻮ‪R‬ﻞ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ‬ ‫• ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻓﺘﺢ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺽ ;ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻻﺳﺘﻴ‪X‬ﺍﺩ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪Power BI.‬ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻴ‪X‬ﺍﺩ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫‪Power BI Desktop.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 4‬ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 3‬ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ‪Power BI‬‬

‫ﺳﻴﻨﻘﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺗﺤﻮ‪E‬ﻞ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺤ‪H‬ﺭ ‪ Power Query‬ﻳﺘﻴﺢ‬
‫ﻟﻚ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﺟ‪H‬ﺍء ﺃﻱ ﺗﻐ‪O‬ﻴ‪H‬ﺍﺕ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴ‪H‬ﺍﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫‪Power BI‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﻐ‪O‬ﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﻭﻧﻮﻉ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﻭﺇ\ﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺤ‪H‬ﺭ‪.‬‬
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 ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪04.‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺮﻯ ﻟﻠﺘﺒﺪ‪R‬ﻞ ;ﻴﻦ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪Qs‬ﺮ‬ ‫‪.1‬‬ ‫ﻛ‪X‬ﺭ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍ ﻷﺧﺮﻯ )‪DimDate‬ﻭ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻭﺗﺤﻮﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ )ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫‪DimProductCategory‬ﻭ‬ ‫‪DimProduct‬ﻭ‬ ‫‪FactInternetSales‬ﻭ‬
‫;ﻴﺎﻧﺎ{ﻚ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪DimProductSubCategory).‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪Qs‬ﺮ ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺘﻌﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺗﻠﻮ ﺍ ﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺷ‪~s‬ﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﻄ‪S‬ﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎ‪M‬ﺍﺕ ﻭﺍ ﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪.3‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻴﺪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ‪Power BI Desktop‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﻮ‪R‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ‪Power BI‬ﻭﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﻏﺔ ﻟﺒﺪء ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺍ ﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍ ﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺃﺟ•ﺍء ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪Qs‬ﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫‪.4‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺄﺧﺬ ﻟﺤﻈﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻑ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪Qs‬ﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻄ‪S‬ﻴﻖ ‪Power BI‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﻘ‪Qs‬ﺮ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .a‬ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰء‬ ‫ﺷ?@ﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﻄ‪7‬ﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .b‬ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻃﺮًﻗﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺰء ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎ‪10‬ﺮ‪،‬‬

‫‪ .c‬ﺗﻄ‪S‬ﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰء ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮ‪5‬ﻞ ﺍﻟ‪7‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪7‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ()ﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .5‬ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺗﻄ‪8‬ﻴﻖ ‪Power BI Desktop‬‬

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 ‫ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺗﻜﻮ‪X‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪05.‬‬

‫‪ - 1.5‬ﺑﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬
‫ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺤ‪P‬ﺭ ‪ Power Query‬ﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻃ‪jŽ‬ﻖ ﺇ•ﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺪﺩ ﻃ‪•Ž‬ﻘﺔ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻀ‪P‬ﻭ‪•i‬ﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻐ‘ﻴﺮ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪:6‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ‪ƒ‬ﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻣﺤ‪P‬ﺭ‬
‫‪Power Query‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ‪E‬ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺿ‪P‬ﻭ‪•i‬ﺔ ﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﻭﻋﺮﺽ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎ‪ji‬ﺮ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻹﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻭﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ‪E‬ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .6‬ﻋﺮﺽ ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬

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 ‫ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺗﻜﻮ‪X‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪05.‬‬

‫ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ‪ Power BI Desktop‬ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺃﻣً‪P‬ﺍ ﺳﻬًﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻴﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻘﺎﺋﻲ‪ .‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺤﺎﻭﻝ ‪Power BI‬‬
‫‪Desktop‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺇﻧﺸﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﻟﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎًﺩﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺳﻤﺎء ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻤﻮﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎء ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋًﻴﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﺘﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋًﻴﺎ ‪E‬ﻴﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 7‬ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ [ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻠﺔ‬

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 ‫ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺗﻜﻮ‪X‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪05.‬‬

‫ﺗﺠﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‪:‬‬

‫ﺻﻠﺔ‪ :‬ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ;ﻴﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫‪.1‬‬

‫ﺍ{ﺠﺎﻩ‪ :‬ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻱ ﺍ{ﺠﺎﻩ ﺳﻴﺤﺪﺙ ﺗﺮﺷﻴﺢ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺖ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﺔ ‪DimProduct‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻴﺘﻢ ﺃﻳًﻀﺎ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﺔ‬
‫‪FactInternetSales‬ﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ "ﻭﺍﺣﺪ"‪ :‬ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ ‪ 1‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺠﻞ ﻓ‪~s‬ﺪ‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪DimProduct.‬‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ "ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ"‪ :‬ﺗﺸﻴﺮ * ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪FactInternetSales.‬‬

‫‪R‬ﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺗﻜﻮ‪R‬ﻦ "‪M‬ﺃﺱ ﺑﺄﻃ‪X‬ﺍﻑ" ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎ ً‬

‫ﻃﺎ ﻭﺛﻴًﻘﺎ ﺑﺎ{ﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ;ﻴﻦ ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻴﻦ ‪A‬ﻭ ‪B‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺭﺑﻂ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ‪A‬ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪B ،‬‬
‫ﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻀﻮ ‪B‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ‪A.‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪S‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺮ ﻓﻲ‬
‫‪A‬ﻛﻜﺘﺎﺏ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪B‬ﻛﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻧﻈً‪X‬ﺍ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋًﻴﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻨﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 8‬ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻳﺪﻭًﻳﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪R‬ﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺳﻨﻔﻌﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺗﻜﻮ‪X‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪05.‬‬

‫‪ - 5.2‬ﺗﻜﻮ‪L‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬

‫• ﺣﺪﺩ ‪ Modeling‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺛﻢ ﺣﺪﺩ ‪Manage relationships‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 9‬ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ ‪ <-‬ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺪﺩ ‪New ...‬‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺣﺪﺩ ‪DimProduct‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﺪﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫•‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻤ&ﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻤ‘ﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ‪ProductSubCategoryKey‬‬ ‫•‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺪﺩ ‪DimProductSubCateogory‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﺪﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻤ‘ﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ‪ProductSubCategoryKey‬‬ ‫•‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻤ&ﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ‬

‫• ﺗﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌ‘ﻴﻦ ‪Cardinality‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ )*‪ ، (1 :‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﻌ‘ﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍ‪G‬ﺠﺎﻩ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ "‪ƒ‬ﻨﺸﻴﻂ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ"‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .10‬ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬

 ‫ﻧﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺗﻜﻮ‪X‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪05.‬‬

‫ﻗﺪ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺗﺤﺬ‪9‬ﺮ "ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ‪E‬ﻴﻦ ﻫﺬ‪9‬ﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ‪9‬ﻦ"‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ‪ Power BI Desktop‬ﻗﺪ ﺃﻧﺸﺄ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ "ﺇﻟﻐﺎء ﺍﻷﻣﺮ" ﻭﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍ‪G‬ﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ‪ 2‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 4‬ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌ‪P‬ﻭﺿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﻟﺤﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩ‪9‬ﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺮﺋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎ‪ji‬ﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 11‬ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ]^ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪a‬ﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪06.‬‬

‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﻟﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ‪ji‬ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪ - 1.6‬ﺑﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪O‬ﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻟﻨﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﺮﺳﻢ ‪E‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟ ﺪﻋﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ‪9 :‬ﻮﺩ ﻣﺪ‪9‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﻤ‪W‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ •ﺘﺒﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻣ‪W‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪ‪Q‬ﺍﺟﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﺪ‪9‬ﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻃ‪•Ž‬ﻘﺔ ﻋﺮﺽ "ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪jŽ‬ﺮ”‬

‫• ﺣﺪﺩ ﻣﺮﺋﻲ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺪﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺰء ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫• ﺳﻴﺆﺩﻱ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺭﻣﺎﺩﻱ "ﻣﺆﻗﺖ" ﺇﻟﻰ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎ‪ji‬ﺮ‬

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‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ]^ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪a‬ﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪06.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺟﺰء ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻛﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺍﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .i‬ﺍ‪Ÿ‬ﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪FactInternetSales:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻢ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﺤﺐ ‪SalesAmount‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫"‪“placeholder‬ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪jŽ‬ﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺘﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ‪ SalesAmount‬ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰء‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .ii‬ﺍ‪Ÿ‬ﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪DimDate:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻢ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﺤﺐ ﺳﻤﺔ ‪ CalendarYear‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰء‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻵﻥ ‪Q‬ﺅﻳﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻣ‪W‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻹ‪Ÿ‬ﺘﺮﻧﺖ )ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻤ‪W‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ( ﺑﻤ‪P‬ﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬

‫• ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺣﻔﻆ‬

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‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ]^ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪a‬ﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪06.‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺪ‪9‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮ‪9‬ﻖ ‪9‬ﺮﻏﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﺍﻟﺬ‪9‬ﻦ‬

‫ﻳﻘﻮﻣﻮﻥ ﺑﻄﻠﺐ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺨ•ﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻﺳﺘﻬﺪﺍﻓﻬﻢ ﺑﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﺗﺴﻮﻳﻘﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺘﺒﻊ ﻧﻬًﺠﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﻠًﻔﺎ ﻗﻠﻴًﻼ ﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﺭ‪:‬‬

‫• ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﺪ‪9‬ﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻃ‪•Ž‬ﻘﺔ ﻋﺮﺽ "ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪XW‬ﺮ"‬

‫• ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺟﺰء ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺍ‪Ÿ‬ﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪FactInternetSales:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﺤﺐ ‪OrderQuantity‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﻏﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎ‪ji‬ﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ُ .3‬ﻳﻨﺸﺊ ‪Power BI Desktop‬ﺗﻤﺜﻴًﻼ ﻣﺮﺋًﻴﺎ ﺟﺪﻳًﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺪﺱ ﺍﻻﻓﺘ‪P‬ﺍﺿﻲ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ=ﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺰء ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﻟﺘﻐ‘ﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪jŽ‬ﺮ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺣﻔﻆ‬

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‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ]^ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪a‬ﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪06.‬‬

‫‪ - 2.6‬ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻚ‬

‫‪Power BI Desktop‬ﺑﺘﻤ‘ﻴﺰ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪E‬ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻤ„•ﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﻖ ﻓﻲ ‪E‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎ‪G‬ﻚ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﻃ‪•Ž‬ﻘﺔ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪jŽ‬ﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺸ‪•Ž‬ﺤﺔ ﺍ ﻻﺣﺘ‪P‬ﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﻱ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻈﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸ‪•Ž‬ﺤﺔ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺍﻳﻀﺎ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻈﻠﻴﻞ ﺟﺰء‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻣ‪W‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻻ‪Ÿ‬ﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻯ‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬
 ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ]^ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪a‬ﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪06.‬‬

‫‪ُ - 3.6‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎ\]ﺦ ‪ -‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬

‫ﺳﻨﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻵﻥ ‹ﺈﻧﺸﺎء ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻤ‪W‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﻤ‪W‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﺣﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎ‪•i‬ﺦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻼﺕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺛ‪P‬ﺍًء ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺎ‪¤‬ﻴﺲ ﺗﺒﺴﻂ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎ‪ji‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪W‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ‪•i‬ﺨﻪ )ﻣﻨﺬ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ( ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ‪-‬‬
‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ‪•i‬ﺨﻪ )‪ (MTD‬ﻭﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪ُ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎ‪•i‬ﺦ )‪ (DimDate‬ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﻟﺘﻘﺎ‪ji‬ﺮ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 13‬ﺇﺑ‪H‬ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻮﺩ ‪ FullDateAlternateKey‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫• ﺣّﻮﻝ ﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺗﺤﻮ‪9‬ﻞ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫• ﺣﺪﺩ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ DimDate‬ﻣﻦ ﺟﺰء ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ‬
‫• ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ‪FullDateAlternateKey‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ "ﺗﺎ\]ﺦ"‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌ‪O‬ﻴﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﺍﻟﺘﺎ‪po‬ﺦ"‬
‫ﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ "ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ" ﻓﻲ ‪Power BI Desktop.‬‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷ‪pv‬ﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ‪.‬‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪31‬‬
 ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ]^ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪a‬ﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪06.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺴ‪]W‬ﻊ ﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬

‫ﺇﺟ‪P‬ﺍءﺍﺕ ‪ Power BI‬ﺍﻟﺴ‪•Ž‬ﻌﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ُﻣﻌﺪﺓ ﻣﺴﺒًﻘﺎ ﺗﻮﻓﺮﻫﺎ ‪ Microsoft‬ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻃ‪•Ž‬ﻘﺔ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺗﺤﻮ‪9‬ﻞ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﺩ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ FactInternetSales‬ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰء ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷ‪•Ž‬ﻂ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺳ‪•Ž‬ﻊ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 14‬ﺧﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺴ‪pv‬ﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬
 ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ]^ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪a‬ﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪06.‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺣﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎ•ﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺴ‪~s‬ﻌﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍ‘ﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﺪﻟﺔ‬
‫• ﺍ‘ﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ FactInternetSales‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﺳﺤﺐ ‪ SalesAmount‬ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺪﺩ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺛﻢ ﺣﺪﺩ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ‪~P‬ﺨﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﺒﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍ‘ﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ DimDate‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﺳﺤﺐ ‪ FullDateAlternateKey‬ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎ‪~P‬ﺦ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 16‬ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻘﺎ}ﻴﺲ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 15‬ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻘﺎ}ﻴﺲ ﺫﻛﺎء ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺣﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎ‪po‬ﺦ‬
‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬
 ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ]^ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪a‬ﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪06.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ‪‹ Power BI Desktop‬ﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺳﻚ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﺰء ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺅﻩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 17‬ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻲ ﻭﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ‪ SalesAmount‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ‪po‬ﺨﻪ‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻢ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺅﻩ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻤ‚‪p‬ﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻐ‪O‬ﻴﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﻏﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺗﻌﺪ‪E‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻲ ‪،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ُﻳﻨﺼﺢ ﺑﺸﺪﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻓﻨﻴﻮ ‪ BI‬ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻫﻠﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺘﺤ‪ˆv‬ﺮﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻧﺸﺎءﻩ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻟ ﻸﻋﻤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫‪34‬‬
 ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺎ]^ﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪a‬ﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪06.‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪jŽ‬ﺮ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺟﺪﻭًﻻ ﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤ‪W‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘ‪P‬ﺍﻛﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ‪•i‬ﺨﻪ ﺟﻨًﺒﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﻨﺐ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﺪ‪9‬ﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻃ‪•Ž‬ﻘﺔ ﻋﺮﺽ "ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪XW‬ﺮ"‬
‫• ﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﺋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫• ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻛﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .i‬ﻣﻦ ‪ DimDate‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻮﺳﻴﻊ ‪ FullDateAlternateKey‬ﻭﻭﺿﻊ‬

‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ ﺍﻟﻬﺮﻣﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺎ‪•i‬ﺦ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻭ ﺭﺑﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .ii‬ﻣﻦ ‪ FactInternetSales،‬ﺿﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ SalesAmount‬ﻭ‬
‫‪SalesAmount‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ‪•i‬ﺨﻪ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻧﻘﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺣﻔﻆ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ 18‬ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻳﻌﺮﺽ ‪ SalesAmount‬ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍ ﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ‪po‬ﺨﻪ‬

‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬
 ‫ﺗﺼﻮ‪X‬ﺮ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪07.‬‬

‫ﻋﺸﺮ ﻃ‪%‬ﻕ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﻟﺘﺼﻮﺭ ‪1‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎ‪4‬ﻚ )ﻣﻊ‬

‫‪1 Indicator‬‬ ‫‪2 Line Chart‬‬ ‫‪3 Column Chart‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ(‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻄ‪S‬ﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎ•ﻴﺲ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﻮ‪R‬ﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫‪4 Bar Chart‬‬ ‫‪5 Pie Chart‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪Area Chart‬‬ ‫‪7 Pivot Table‬‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻤﺆﺷ‪X‬ﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺩﺍء ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺮﺽ ;ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺗﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍ{ﺨﺎﺫ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘ‪X‬ﺍﺭ؟‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻲ ﻟﻠ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ‬

‫‪8 Scatter Chart‬‬ ‫‪9 Scatter Map /Area Map‬‬ ‫‪10 Treemap‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﺗﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻣﺘﻰ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻱ؟‬

‫ﺳﻨﻘﻮﻡ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺩﻣﺠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
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‫‪ - 1‬ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮ )‪(Indicator‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ؟‬
‫‪TOTAL REVENUE‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﺪ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻃ‪pv‬ﻘﺔ ﺣﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻐ‪O‬ﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑ‪Ž‬ﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎ•ﻚ‪ .‬ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬
‫‪AVERAGE ADMISSION COST‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮ ﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ’ﺘﺠﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪$789K‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻚ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﻭ‪E‬ﻦ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺳﻬﻢ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪125M‬‬

‫ﺃﺧﻀﺮ " ﻷﻋﻠﻰ" ﺃﻭ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺃﺣﻤﺮ "ﻷﺳﻔﻞ” ﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐ‪O‬ﻴ‪H‬ﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻄ‪H‬ﺃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ANNUAL‬‬ ‫‪1.6%‬‬
‫‪29M‬‬ ‫‪CHANGE‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷ‪H‬ﺍﺕ ﻫﻲ ﻃ‪pv‬ﻘﺔ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ‬
‫‪Gauge Indicator‬‬ ‫‪Numeric Indicator‬‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﺘﻪ ﺑﺄﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻃﺎﻟﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤ‪H‬ﺍﺭ‪،‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﻯ ﻣﺆﺷ‪H‬ﺍ "ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻴﺎ" ‪E‬ﻮﺿﺢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ‪ /‬ﺗﺮﻣﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻳ‪H‬ﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺆﺷ‪H‬ﺍ "ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺎ" ﻟﻠﻘﻴﻤﺔ [ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟ‚‪p‬ﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ‬

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‫‪ - 2‬ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺧﻄﻰ )‪(Line Chart‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ؟‬
‫ًﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻰ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻮ‪ˆo‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ‪E‬ﺮﺑﻄﻬﺎ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻌ‪v‬ﺝ ‪E‬ﺮﺑﻂ [ﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﻳﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺍ™ﺘﺸﺎ‪ًš‬ﺍ‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﻄﻲ ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﻓﻮ‪po‬ﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻣﻊ ﻣ‪H‬ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ‪š‬ﺅﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺼﻞ ﻟﻠﻘﻤﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻬﺒﻂ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍء ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺻﻌﻮﺩﺍ ﺃﻭ ﻫﺒﻮﻃﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺣﺎﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﺣﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ •ﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ [ﻴﻦ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ‪E‬ﻮﺿﺢ ﺇﻳ‪H‬ﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤ‪8‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻠﻤ‚‪p‬ﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻓﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻐ‪O‬ﻴ‪H‬ﺍﺕ ﻣﻊ ﻣ‪H‬ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐ‪O‬ﻴ‪H‬ﺍﺕ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ‬
‫"ﻓﺎﺻـﻞ" ﺃﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﻔﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺌﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪8‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻢ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﻭﻣﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪8‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤ‪8‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻚ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺳﺤﺐ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍ ﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﺃﻳﻀًﺎ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ SQL‬ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺧﻄﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

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‫‪ - 3‬ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ )‪(Column Chart‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺃﻋﻤﺪﺓ ‪š‬ﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﻄﻔﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‪ .‬ﻛﻞ ﺷ‪pv‬ﻂ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻓﺌﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺸ‪pv‬ﻂ ‪E‬ﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻷﻳﺴﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻃ‪pv‬ﻘﺔ ﻓﻮ‪po‬ﺔ ﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﻗﻴﻢ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺟﻨﺒﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﻨﺐ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻀﻮء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺑﻄ‪pv‬ﻘﺔ ﺳ‪pv‬ﻌﺔ ﻭﻣﺮﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻗﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪+‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣ‪:‬ﺍﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻠﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻘﻀﻴﻬﺎ ‪I‬ﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻻ‪R‬ﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻣ‪V‬ﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺇﻛﺲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻱ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌ‪H‬ﻭﺿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺇﻛﺲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘ‪:‬ﺍﻛﺒﺔ ﺑﻤ‪:‬ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺩﻣﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻘﺎ‪d‬ﻥ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻹﻳ‪:‬ﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﺷﻬ‪:‬ﺍ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻬﺮ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻰ‪ ،‬ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﻣ‪H‬ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺳ‪8‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤ‪8‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﺧﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﺧﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺟﻨﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﻨﺐ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪8‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺟﻮﺩﺓ [ﻴﻊ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺫﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﺳﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﻘ‪ˆv‬ﺒﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻃﺎﻟﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺴﻘﺔ ﻭﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺎ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﺼﻮ‪X‬ﺮ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪07.‬‬

‫‪ - 4‬ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺷ‪GF‬ﻄﻰ )‪(Bar Chart‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺸ‪pv‬ﻄﻰ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ ﺭﺳﻢ [ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ‪ :‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸ‪pv‬ﻄﻴﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺷﻴﻮﻋﺎ ﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺑﺤﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺳﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻗ‪H‬ﺍءﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣ‪pv‬ﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻬﺎ! ﻭﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺑﻤ‪H‬ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸ‪pv‬ﻄﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍ ﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻓﺌﺔ ﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪8‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤ‪8‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠ‪8‬ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬ‪E‬ﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﺎ‪š‬ﻭﺍ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﺍ™ﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻟﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻧﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤ‪pv‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ‪E‬ﻮﻓﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻼ ﺳ‪pv‬ﻌﺎ ﻭﻣﺮﺋﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺸﺘ‪ˆv‬ﻬﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺄ•ﻰ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸ‪pv‬ﻄﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻼﺕ ﺟﻮﺟﻞ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﺃﻭ ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤ‪8‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺨ ﻥ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺎ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﺼﻮ‪X‬ﺮ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪07.‬‬

‫‪ - 5‬ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻱ )‪(Pie Chart‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ؟‬
‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋ‪pv‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻛـ "ﺷ‪pv‬ﺤﺔ" ﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪ 360‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺑﻄﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﺰ ﻛﻞ ﺷ‪pv‬ﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﺗ‪8‬ﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋ‪pv‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻧﻬﺎ ’ﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍ ﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴ‪H‬ﺍﺕ ﻣﻊ ﻣ‪H‬ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴ‪8‬ﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﻫﻮ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ [ﻴﻦ ﺍ ﻷﺟ¡ﺍء ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺄﻛﻤﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍ ﻻﺟ¡ﺍء ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻱ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺭﺳﻤﺎ [ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺩﺍﺋ‪pv‬ﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗ‪pv‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺳ‪pv‬ﻌﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍ™ﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ – ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪8‬ﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺣﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺪ‪š‬ﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ – ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻚ ﻟﻸﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻠﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻞ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻗﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮ‪E‬ﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺠﻠﺐ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻨﺠﺢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎءﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍ ﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻼﺕ ﺟﻮﺟﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤ‪8‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﺍ ﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﺃﺑﻖ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻛ‪8‬ﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺖ ﻓﺌﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻄﻚ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﻱ ﻟﻦ ﻳﻤﻨﺤﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻥ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ "‪š‬ﺍﺑﺤﺔ"‬
‫ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﺼﻮ‪X‬ﺮ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪07.‬‬

‫‪ - 6‬ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﻲ ) ‪Area‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ؟‬
‫(‬ ‫‪Chart‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻲ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻧﻪ ‪E‬ﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﺷﻜﺎﻝ [ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻭ‪š‬ﺅﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺘﻠﺊ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﺒﺪﻭ‬
‫ﻛﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺒﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺑﻄ‪pv‬ﻘﺔ ﺑﺼ‪pv‬ﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﻮ‪ˆo‬ﻦ ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻛﻞ "ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ" ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻇﻼﻝ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ ‪š‬ﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴ‪8‬ﻴﺔ )"ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺪﺳﺔ"( – ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻌﺮﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﺎ‪¤‬ﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤ‪+‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺭﺑﻊ ﺳﻨﻮﻱ ﻭﺗﻌﻘﺐ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺗﺒﺎ‪E‬ﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺡ [ﻴﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻭﺿﻮﺣﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤ‪+‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﻣ‪:‬ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﺃﻱ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪SQL،‬ﻭﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤ‪8‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ – ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺎﺩ‪š‬ﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫•ﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻐ‪O‬ﻴﺮ ﻣﻊ ﻣ‪H‬ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﺼﻮ‪X‬ﺮ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪07.‬‬

‫‪ - 7‬ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻱ )‪(Pivot Table‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ؟‬
‫ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ ‪,‬ﻭﻳﻘﺎﺭﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺑﺘﺠ‪pv‬ﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺻﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮ‪po‬ﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﺴﻂ ﺍﻟﻄ§ﻕ ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻟﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﻠﺨﻴﺺ ﻭﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻛ‪8‬ﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻴ¡ﺍﺕ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ •ﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺃﺷﺮﻃﺔ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﻌ‚ˆﺰ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺼ‪pv‬ﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﻳﺘﺮﻛﺰ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻮ‪po‬ﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺗﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻐ‪O‬ﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﻄ§ﻕ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺇﻛﺴﻴﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﺻــﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬

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 ‫ﺗﺼﻮ‪X‬ﺮ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪07.‬‬

‫‪ - 8‬ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﻣﺒﻌﺜﺮ )‪(Scatter Chart‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻌﺜﺮﺓ ﻫﻲ ﻃ‪pv‬ﻘﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍ ﻻﺣﺪﺍ©ﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻮﻧﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍ ﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴ‪ˆv‬ﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻄﻴﻦ ﺑﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻟﻮﻧﻴﻦ ﻟﺘﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﺭ™ﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫)ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ ﻟﻠ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ )ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻌﺜﺮﺓ ‪š‬ﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎ‪ˆo‬ﻮﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗ‪pv‬ﺪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻮ‪pª‬ﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ [ﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﻴ‪ˆv‬ﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﻭﺍﻟﻤ‪8‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺄ•ﻰ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘ‪ˆv‬ﻦ – ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻨﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ – ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﺎﺹ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﺼﻮ‪X‬ﺮ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪07.‬‬

‫‪ - 9‬ﺧ‪GF‬ﻄﺔ ﻣﺒﻌﺜﺮﺓ ‪ /‬ﺧ‪GF‬ﻄﺔ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ) ‪Scatter / Area‬‬

‫‪(Map‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ؟‬
‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺍﻟﺨ‪pv‬ﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻌﺜﺮﺓ ﺑﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐ‪H‬ﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﻛﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬
‫[ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨ‪pv‬ﻄﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺨ‪H‬ﺍﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻌﺜﺮﺓ ‪ /‬ﺧ‪H‬ﺍﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻌﺜﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻭﻟﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ‪E‬ﻮﺿﺢ ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﺧﻄﻮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺃ‪E‬ﻦ ﻳﺘﺮﻛﺰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻐ‪H‬ﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺩﻣﺞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻟﻮﻥ ﻭﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎ•ﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨ‪pv‬ﻄﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧ‪qp‬ﻄﺔ ﻣﺒﻌﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼ ﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ‪I‬ﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪ .‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺒﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ‪I‬ﺍﺩ ﻋﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪t‬ﻭﺍﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨ‪qp‬ﻄﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎ \ﺍﺩﺕ ﺩﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻐ‪H‬ﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪8‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ‪ ،‬ﺟﻨﺒﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﻨﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗ‪pv‬ﺪ ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺧ‪pv‬ﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﺸﺎء ﺧ‪pv‬ﻄﺔ ﻣﺒﻌﺜﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﺼﻮ‪X‬ﺮ ﺍﻟ‪#‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪07.‬‬

‫‪ - 10‬ﺧ‪GF‬ﻄﺔ ﻫﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ )‪(Tree Map‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨ‪pv‬ﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺗﻌﺮﺽ [ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻫﺮﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ’ﺘﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻪ؟‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ •ﻨﺪ‪o‬ﺝ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻌ‪pv‬ﺾ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ‪،‬‬
‫‪E‬ﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻄﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺤﺠﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺳﻪ؟‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﻨﺎ‪ˆo‬ﻮﻫﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗ‪pv‬ﺪ ﺩﻣﺞ‬
‫‪š‬ﺅﻯ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺩﻗﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮ‪š‬ﺍﺕ ﺍ ﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪8‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﻏﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻹﻋﻄﺎء ﺇﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻌ‪8‬ﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻈﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟ‪:‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ؟‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻼﺕ ﺟﻮﺟﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ‬
‫ﺍ ﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﺦ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟ‪8‬ﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺨ‪pv‬ﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻛ«ﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻓﺌﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻐ‪O‬ﻴ‪H‬ﺍﺕ ﻣﻊ ﻣ‪H‬ﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎ‪b‬ﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪08.‬‬

‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺿﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻴ‪P‬ﺍﺩ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ‪ Excel‬ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻭﺿﻢ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ‪E‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻴﺰﺓ "ﺍ ﻹﺟ‪P‬ﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴ‪•Ž‬ﻌﺔ" ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎ‪¤‬ﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﻣﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ‪Q‬ﺅﻯ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻣﻐﺰﻯ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟ‪W‬ﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﻣﻠﺤــﻖ‬ ‫‪09.‬‬

‫‪ - 1.8‬ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤــﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻘﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮ‪$‬ﻞ ﺍﻟ(ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﻘﻮﻡ ‪Power BI Desktop‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮ‪R‬ﻞ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ —ﻨﺴﻴﻖ ‪ /‬ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ —ﻨﺴﻴﻖ ‪ /‬ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋًﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ;ﻴﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ‪ /‬ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺇﺟ‪4‬ﺍءﺍﺕ ﺳ‪I9‬ﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﻲ ﻟﻠ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻚ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﻘﺎ•ﻴﺲ )ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ( ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎًﺩﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎ•ﻴﺲ ﻭﺍ ﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺪﻭﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ُﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻳًﻀﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﺴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻋﺐ‪ .‬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﻮ‪R‬ﻞ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺳﻢ ﺧ‪X‬ﺍﺋﻂ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ;ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ "ﺧﺎﻡ" ﺇﻟﻰ —ﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻼءﻣﺔ ‪ /‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟ ﻸﻏ‪X‬ﺍﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻀﻴﻒ ﺳﻴﺎًﻗﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ;ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ )ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ( ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺘﺎ‪~P‬ﺦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‪ .‬ﻫﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺷﺤﺎﺕ ‪ /‬ﺍ ﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻮﻑ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤ‪4‬ﺭ ‪Power Query‬‬
‫ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺓ ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺽ ﺍ{ﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟ‪S‬ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺘﻄ‪S‬ﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬
‫;ﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪Qs‬ﺮ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‪:9‬ﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻠﻎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﺎﺭﻏﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬

‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻭﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺑﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ;ﻴﻦ ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻴﻦ ‪A‬ﻭ ‪B‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻌ‪S‬ﻴﺮ ﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺇﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻄﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪B ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻀﻮ ‪B‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ‪A‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒ ً‬
‫‪A.‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳ‪S‬ﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺮ ﻓﻲ ‪A‬ﻛﻤﻨﺘﺞ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪B‬ﻛﺮﻗﻢ ﻣ‪S‬ﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫‪@hani_now‬‬ ‫‪48‬‬