DRUG CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION/CONT SIDE EFFECT NURSING

RAINDICATION RESPONSIBILITIE
S

Paracetamol IV Central Analgesic ; Appears to inhibit Moderate to severe Hypersensitivity ● Assess for clinical
(Tamin) - Jinsei Antipyretic prostaglandin pain reaction improvement and
synthesis in the Fever relief of pain,
CNS and, to a Headache fever.
lesser extent, ● Therapeutic
block pain impulses CONTRAINDICATI serum level:
through peripheral ON : 10–30 mcg/mL
action. Acts Severe ● Toxic serum level:
centrally on hepatic impairment greater than 200
hypothalamic or severe active mcg/mL.
heat-regulating liver disease. ● Do not exceed
center, producing maximum daily
peripheral recommended
vasodilation (heat dose: 4 g/day.
loss, skin ● Antidote:
erythema, Acetylcysteine
diaphoresis).

Metronidazole IV Nitroimidazole Disrupts DNA, Treatment of Anorexia ● Monitor daily

(Anerobizol) - Jinsei derivative ; inhibiting nucleic anaerobic Nausea pattern of bowel
Antibacterial ; acid synthesis infections Dry mouth activity, stool
Antiprotozoal Surgical Metallic taste consistency.
prophylaxis ● Monitor I&O,
(colorectal). assess for urinary
Bacterial vaginosis. problems.
Trichomoniasis, ● Be alert to
amebiasis. neurologic
symptoms
CONTRAINDICATI (dizziness,
ON : paresthesia of
Pregnancy (first extremities).
 trimester with ● Urine may be
trichomoniasis), red-brown or
use of disulfiram dark.
within 2 wks, use of ● Avoidance of
alcohol hot/spicy foods,
during therapy or alcohol, extremes
within 3 days of of hot/cold
discontinuing temperatures,
Metronidazole. excessive
sunlight.

Ciprofloxacin Fluoroquinolone ; Inhibits enzyme, UTI Nausea, diarrhea, ● Obtain urinalysis

Lactate (Zipromin) - Antibiotic DNA gyrase, in Infectious diarrhea, dyspepsia, for microscopic
Jinsei susceptible Prostatitis vomiting, analysis for
bacteria, interfering Sinusitis constipation, crystalluria prior
with bacterial Typhoid fever flatulence, to and during
cell replication. Febrile neutropenia confusion, treatment.
crystalluria. ● Monitor daily
Bactericidal. CONTRAINDICATI pattern of bowel
ON : activity.
Concurrent use of ● Maintain
Tizanidine. adequate
Renal impairment, hydration to
CNS disorders, prevent
seizures, crystalluria.
rheumatoid arthritis, ● Do not take
history of QT antacids within 2
prolongation, hrs of
uncorrected ciprofloxacin
hypokalemia, (reduces /
hypomagnesemia, destroys
myasthenia gravis. effectiveness).
● Shake
suspension well
before using; do
not chew
 microcapsules in
suspension.
● Sugarless gum,
hard candy may
relieve bad taste.
● Avoid caffeine.
● Report tendon
pain or swelling.
● Avoid exposure to
sunlight (may
cause
photosensitivity
reaction).
● Report persistent
diarrhea

Levofloxacin Fluoroquinolone ; Inhibits DNA Chronic bronchitis, Diarrhea, nausea, ● Monitor serum
(Levoxin) - Jinsei Antibiotic enzyme gyrase in Acute abdominal pain, glucose, renal
susceptible bacterial sinusitis, dizziness, function, LFT.
microorganisms, Community-acquire drowsiness, ● Monitor daily
interfering with d pneumonia headache. pattern of bowel
bacterial cell UTI activity.
replication, repair. Acute ● Report any
Bactericidal. pyelonephritis episodes of
diarrhea, esp. the
CONTRAINDICATI first few months
ON : after the final
CNS disorders, dose. Frequent
seizure disorder, diarrhea, fever,
renal impairment, abdominal pain,
bradycardia, blood-streaked
rheumatoid arthritis, stool may indicate
myasthenia gravis, infectious
severe cerebral diarrhea, which
arteriosclerosis, may be
prolonged contagious to
 QT interval others.
● Tendon
inflammation/swel
ling, tendon
rupture may
occur; report
bruising, pain,
swelling in tendon
● Do not take
aluminum- or
magnesium-conta
ining antacids,
multivitamins,
zinc or iron
products at least
2 hrs before or 6
hrs after dose.

Meropenem Carbapenem ; Binds to Treatment of Diarrhea, nausea, ● Question history

(Mepenem) - Jinsei Antibiotic penicillin-binding multidrug-resistant vomiting, of
proteins. Inhibits infections headache, hypersensitivity,
bacterial cell wall Meningitis in inflammation at allergic reaction
synthesis. children injection site. to penicillins,
Bactericidal. Febrile neutropenia cephalosporins.
Liver abscess ● Monitor daily
Otitis externa, pattern of bowel
Prosthetic joint activity
infection ● Evaluate for
inflammation at IV
CONTRAINDICATI injection site.
ON : ● Monitor I&O,
Hypersensitive and ● Monitor serum
patients who electrolytes, esp.
experienced potassium.
anaphylactic
reactions to other
 beta-lactams

Cefoxitin Sodium 2nd generation Cefoxitin is a Infections caused Diarrhea ● Patients should
(Foxin) - Jinsei cephalosporins bactericidal agent by aerobic and - Watery and be told that
that acts by anaerobic bloody although it is
inhibition of gram-negative stools common to feel
bacterial cell wall bacteria - Stomach better early in the
synthesis. cramps course of therapy,
CONTRAINDICATI - Fever the medication
ON : should be taken
Hypersensitivity to exactly as
Cefoxitin and the directed. Skipping
cephalosporin doses or not
group of antibiotics. completing the
full course of
therapy may
decrease the
effectiveness and
increase the
likelihood that the
bacteria will
develop
resistance

Silver Sulfadiazine Sulfonamide Produces its Wound sepsis Change in color of ● Do not take silver
(Silvederma) - Antibacterial ; bactericidal effects Infections in skin sulfadiazine by
Jinsei Topical antibiotics by increasing cell patients with Skin irritation mouth. Use on
wall permeability second- and your skin only.
through the third-degree burns Keep out of your
impairment of DNA Pressure ulcer mouth, nose, and
replication, the eyes (may burn).
direct modification CONTRAINDICATI
of the lipid cell ON :
membrane, and/or Hypersensitivity
the formation of Pregnant and
free radicals. breastfeeding
 women

Ceftazidime Third-generation Binds to bacterial Treatment of Discomfort with IM ● Evaluate IV site

(Ceftibac) - Jinsei cephalosporin ; cell membranes, susceptible administration for phlebitis (heat,
Antibiotic. inhibits cell wall infections due to Oral candidiasis pain, red
synthesis. gram-negative (thrush), mild streaking over
Bactericidal. organisms diarrhea, mild vein).
abdominal ● Assess IM
CONTRAINDICATI cramping, vaginal injection sites for
ON : candidiasis. induration,
Hypersensitivity tenderness.
● Check oral cavity
for white patches
on mucous
membranes,
tongue (thrush).
● Monitor daily
pattern of bowel
activity

Iopamidol (Pamisol) Non-ionic iodinated Lopamidol is a Used to allow blood Dehydration ● Drink extra fluids
- Jinsei contrast media radiopaque contrast vessels, organs, Chest pain before and after
agent. Iopamidol and other non-bony slow heart rate radiologic tests
contains iodine, a tissues to be seen hot flashes, burning ● Tell the patient to
substance that more clearly on a sensation report burning,
absorbs x-rays. CT scan or other flushing (warmth, pain, or swelling
radiologic redness, or tingly around the IV
examination. feeling) needle when
nausea iopamidol is
CONTRAINDICATI hives injected.
ON : dizziness
Active infection
Allergy to seafoods
Iopromide Non- ionic iodinated Contrast media. Angiography Headache (6%) ● Increase fluid
(Ultravist) contrast media Ginagamit para CONTRAINDICATI intake before and
maging visible mga ON : Nausea (4%) after giving
blood vessels, and Active infection medication
yes may iodine. Allergy to iodine Injection Site ● Tell the patient to
and seafoods Reactions (3%) report any of the
side effects given
Vasodilatation (4%)

Vomiting (2%)

Back pain (3%)

Urinary urgency
(3%)

Chest pain (3%)

Ertapenem Carbapenem Use to treat Used to treat ●

antibiotics bacterial infection certain infections
including
pneumonia, uti,
diabetic foot,
abdominal
infections caused
by bacteria
CONTRAINDICATI
ON :

Celemin ●
CONTRAINDICATI
ON :

Linezolid (Axazolid) ●
 CONTRAINDICATI
ON :

Hydrocortisone Glucocorticoid Inflammation Dizziness ● Give oral dose

with food or milk
Acute adrenal Fatigue ● Monitor blood
insufficiency pressure and
weight
CONTRAINDICATI ● Monitor blood
ON : glucose in
diabetic patient

Potassium Chloride electrolyte maintenance of Hypokalemia severe throat ● Never give KCI
supplement intracellular tonicity; irritation; via IV push.
the transmission of CONTRAINDICATI ● check kidney
nerve impulses; the ON : chest pain, trouble function
contraction of breathing; ● Monitor serum
cardiac, skeletal, hypersensitivity potassium and
and smooth pain, burning, adjust dosages
muscle; and the hyperkalemia bruising, swelling, accordingly.
maintenance of irritation, or skin
normal renal changes where the
function. medicine was
injected;

Ampicillin Anti infective infections that are acute inflammatory ● Watch for
caused by skin eruption hypersensitivity
bacteria such as (erythema reactions
meningitis multiforme) ● Monitor for
redness and seizures when
infections of the peeling of the skin giving high doses
throat, sinuses, (exfoliative ● Frequently
lungs, reproductive dermatitis) monitor
organs, urinary rash. temperature
 tract, and hives. ● Monitor for
gastrointestinal fever. bleeding
tract. seizure. tendency
black hairy tongue.
CONTRAINDICATI
ON :
Dialysis, renal
disease, renal
failure, renal
impairment. ...
Asthma, eczema,
penicillin
hypersensitivity,
serious rash,
urticaria. ...
Mononucleosis. ...
Antimicrobial
resistance. ...

Azithromycin jes Macrolide Inhibits bacterial Bacterial infections Nausea & Vomiting ● Do not eat spicy
antibiotics ; protein synthesis, Bronchitis Diarrhea food or fatty food
Antibacterial proinflammatory Pneumonia Headache to prevent feeling
cytokine STD Dizziness nauseous
production, inhibits Ear infections, ● Assess vital signs
neutrophil lungs, sinuses, (especially pulse
infestation and skin, throat rate) and check if
macrophage the patient is
polarization CONTRAINDICATI taking any meds
alteration ON : for irregular
Hypersensitivity heartbeat such as
Taking 1st amiodarone or
Tinitigil na kumalat generation sotalol
yung bacteria pa at antipsychotic ● Administer on an
lumala. pimozide empty stomach 1
hr before or 2–3
hr after meals
 ● Report severe or
watery diarrhea,
severe nausea or
vomiting, rash,
itching, mouth
sores, vaginal
sores.

Phytomenadione Hemostatics; works by providing Treats bleeding or Bluish color of ● Check kidney
jes Vitamins, vitamin K that is blood clotting fingernails, lips, function
Fat-Soluble. needed for blood to problems caused palms or nail beds ● Report any
clot normally in the by vitamin K (cyanotic) symptoms of too
Vitamin K1 injection body deficiency, certain much aluminum
meds (warfarin) Difficulty in the body:
Nakakatulong para swallowing muscle
maiwasan yung Obstructive weakness, bone
kakulangan sa jaundice Dizziness pain, mental
vitamin k para rin changes.
hindi magka blood Ulcerative colitis Fast, pounding, ● Avoid significant
clot yung patient irregular heartbeat increases in daily
CONTRAINDICATI or pulse intake of vitamin
(Vitamin K helps to ON : K- rich food such
regulate the phytonadione Hives as Asparagus,
process of blood hypersensitivity, broccoli,
coagulation) hereditary Trouble breathing cabbage, lettuce,
hypoprothrombine turnip greens,
mia, heparin pork or beef liver,
over-anticoagulatio green tea,
n spinach,
watercress, and
tomatoes.

Sodium Chloride - Ionic salts capable of inducing Hypertonic Fast heartbeat. ● Check injection
jes diuresis depending extracellular hives, itching, or site for infections
on the clinical dehydration or rash. ● Monitor fluid
condition of the hypovolemia irritation. balance, serum
 patient. It is a joint pain, electrolytes and
crystalloid given CONTRAINDICATI acid-base
intravenously in ON : stiffness, or balance
case of shock, any situation where swelling. ● Report early
dehydration, and salt retention is signs of
diarrhea to increase undesirable such extraamniotic
the plasma volume. as edema, heart injection including
disease, cardiac mental confusion,
Para maprevent decompensation hypotension,
yung dehydration and primary or severe headache,
ng patient secondary vague distress,
nagbibigay ng iv aldosteronism. extreme
sodium chloride & nervousness,
mabalance yung pain, sensation of
electrolyte or heat, thirst,
mabalik yung mga fingertip
nawalang numbness, dry
electrolyte sa mouth, salty
katawan ng patient. taste, tinnitus.

Dobutamine Inotropic Agents. stimulation of Congestive heart chest pain, ● Observe IV site
Hydrochloride - jes cardiac adrenergic failure closely and avoid
receptors; it palpitations, extravasation.
produces Cardiac Dobutamine can
comparatively mild decompensation headaches, cause
chronotropic, inflammatory
hypertensive, tremors, response and
arrhythmogenic, CONTRAINDICATI tissue ischaemia.
and vasodilator ON : shortness of breath, ● Continuous blood
effects. nausea, and pressure, VS,
acute myocardial vomiting ECG monitoring
Increase yung infarction, unstable ● Document vital
pagcontract ng angina, left main signs hourly and
heart, decrease stem disease, PRN
end systolic volume severe ● Monitor fluid
= increase stroke hypertension, balance
 volume arrhythmias, acute
myocarditis or
pericarditis,
hypokalemia and
idiopathic
hypertrophic
sub-aortic stenosis

Dopamine -jes Inotropic Agents. produces positive low blood pressure, lightheadedness, ● Monitor signs of
chronotropic and low heart rate, and chest pain, peripheral
inotropic effects on cardiac arrest vasoconstriction,
the myocardium, fast, slow, or such as extreme
resulting in CONTRAINDICATI pounding coldness in the
increased heart ON : Heartbeats, hands and feet,
rate and cardiac Tachyarrhythmias cyanosis, and
contractility. Ventricluar shortness of breath, muscle cramping.
fibrillation and ● Assess BP, ECG,
ventricular cold feeling, Heart rate every
tachycardia 15 mins
numbness, ● Notify physician
immediately if 1)
oliguria develops;
2)
tachy-dysrhythmi
as develop; 3)
diastolic pressure
rises reducing
pulse pressure; 4)
hypotension
continues to exist
at maximum dose
of 20 mcg/kg/min;

Cefazolin jes cephalosporin It works by killing infections caused genital itching. ● Watch for
antibiotics bacteria or by bacteria white patches in seizures
preventing their including skin, mouth. ● Monitor signs of
 growth. bone, joint, genital, pseudomembran
blood, heart valve, loss of appetite. ous colitis,
respiratory tract including
(including Heartburn. diarrhea,
pneumonia), biliary abdominal pain,
tract, and urinary gas. fever, pus or
tract infections. Nausea. mucus in stools,
and other severe
CONTRAINDICATI Vomiting. or prolonged GI
ON : problems
history of diarrhea. ● Give slowly over
immediate 30 minutes
hypersensitivity ● Monitor signs of
reactions allergic reactions
and anaphylaxis,
including
pulmonary
symptoms
(tightness in the
throat and chest,
wheezing, cough
dyspnea

Dextrose D50 sterile, provide your body Hypoglycemia Bluish color. ● Slow
jes nonpyrogenic, with extra water cerebral oedema administration
hypertonic solution and carbohydrates changes in skin ● Monitor fluid
(calories from CONTRAINDICATI color. balance,
sugar). It is used ON : fast or slow electrolyte
when a patient is intracranial or heartbeat. concentrations
not able to drink intraspinal and acid base
enough liquids or hemorrhage is pain, redness, pale balance
when additional present, nor in the skin, or infection at
fluids are needed. presence of the site of injection.
delirium tremens if
the patient is pains in the chest,
already dehydrated. groin, or legs,
 especially calves of
the legs.

rapid breathing.

Cefuroxime jes cephalosporin It works by stopping acute bacterial otitis

Blistering, peeling, ● Watch for
antibiotics the growth of media, or loosening of the seizures; notify
bacteria. skin. physician
several upper bloody, black, or immediately if
respiratory tract tarry stools. patient develops
infections, skin cough or or increases
infections, hoarseness. seizure activity.
coughing up blood. ● Monitor signs of
urinary tract decrease in urine pseudomembran
infections, output or decrease ous colitis,
in including
gonorrhea, urine-concentrating diarrhea,
ability. abdominal pain,
early Lyme disease, feeling of fever, pus or
and impetigo. discomfort. mucus in stools,
and other severe
CONTRAINDICATI or prolonged GI
ON : problems
cephalosporin (nausea,
hypersensitivity or vomiting,
cephamycin heartburn).
hypersensitivity. ●

Ketorolac NSAID inhibition of short term headache. ● Monitor signs of

Trometamol jes prostaglandin management of dizziness. GI bleeding,
synthesis by acute pain that drowsiness. including
competitive requires the calibre diarrhea. abdominal pain,
blocking of the of pain constipation. vomiting blood,
enzyme management Mouth sores blood in stools, or
cyclooxygenase offered by opioids black, tarry
 (COX). stools. ...
CONTRAINDICATI ● Monitor signs of
stopping the body's ON : allergic reactions
production of a moderate or severe and anaphylaxis,
substance that renal impairment including
causes pain, fever, (serum creatinine pulmonary
and inflammation >160 µ mol/l) symptoms
(laryngeal edema,
Pt at risk for renal wheezing, cough,
failure dyspnea) or skin
reactions (rash,
pruritus,
urticaria).
●

Hyoscine Anticholinergics Abdominal pain Sleepiness ● Monitor HR,

Butylbromide temp, intraocular
Bladder spasms Vision changes pressure, urinary
output
CONTRAINDICATI ● Tell the patient to
ON : hang their legs on
the bed before
slowly sitting up

Dexamethasone Anti inflammatory Arthritis Stomach upset ● Monitor blood

Sodium Phosphate glucose
Cancer Heartburn ● Monitor
hemoglobin and
Edema Headache potassium
CONTRAINDICATI ● Assess for occult
ON : Insomnia blood loss
● Monitor for IOP
Increase appetite

Vitamin K ●
CONTRAINDICATI
 ON :

Metoclopramide Antiemetic, GI Blocks dopamine GERD Drowsiness ● Monitor BP

stimulant receptors by Prevent Anxiety ● Stay alert for
disrupting CNS chemotherapy Depression depression and
chemoreceptor induced vomiting Restlessness other adverse
trigger zone, Fatigue CNS effects
increasing CONTRAINDICATI Hypertension ● Monitor patient
peristalsis and ON : Hypotension closely for signs
promoting gastric Hypersensitivity to Nausea and symptoms of
emptying drug Constipation neuroleptic
Parkinson’s Diarrhea malignant
Disease Dry mouth syndrom
Suspected GI Arrhythmias
obstruction
Pheochromocytom
a

Calcium Gluconate Calcium salt Calcium is an Hypocalcemia Chalky taste in ● Assess for
essential element Cardiac Arrest mouth cutaneous
for regulating the Cardiotoxicity due Upset stomach;gas burning
excitation threshold to hyperkalemia or Constipation sensations and
of nerves and hypermagnesemia Warmth, tingling peripheral
muscles, for blood CONTRAINDICATI vasodilation, with
clotting ON : moderate fall in
mechanisms, Hypersensitivity BP, during direct
cardiac function Hypercalcemia IV injection.
(rhythm, tonicity, ● Monitor ECG
contractility), during IV
maintenance of administration to
renal function, for detect evidence
body skeleton and of hypercalcemia
teeth. ● Monitor for
hypocalcemia
and
 hypercalcemia

Levetiracetam Anticonvulsant Prevents seizures Nausea ● Measure

by inhibiting nerve CONTRAINDICATI Vomiting temperature
impulses in ON : Anger ● Watch for signs of
hippocampus of Hypersensitivity Aggression infection
brain Irritability ● Monitor neuro
Anorexia status
● Evaluate
nutritional status.
Report signs of
anorexia

Epinephrine Alpha and beta Epinephrine acts on Restore cardiac Nervousness, ● Inspect
-vane adrenergic agonists both rhythm in cardiac Tremors epinephrine
(sympathomimetic) alpha and beta- arrest. Increase HR & BP solution before
adrenergic To treat Insomnia use. If it’s pink or
receptors resulting anaphylaxis Cardiac stimulation brown, air has
in relaxation of To treat Tachyarrhythmias entered a
smooth muscle of hypotension Chest pain multidose vial. If
the bronchial tree, associated with Restlessness it’s discolored or
cardiac stimulation septic shock Agitation contains particles,
and dilation of Eye burning discard it.
skeletal muscle CONTRAINDICATI ● Avoid
vasculature. ON : extravasation of
hypersensitivity to epinephrine into
sympathomimetic the tissues to
drugs, closed-angle prevent local
glaucoma, necrosis. Assess
anesthesia with infusion site
halothane. frequently for free
flow and look for
blanching along
the course of the
infused vein.
● Monitor V/S and
 check for cardiac
dysrhythmias
● Observe patient
closely for
adverse
reactions.

Furosemide Loop diuretic Inhibits sodium and To reduce edema Electrolyte ● Once a day
-vane water reabsorption To manage depletion (ex. dosing should be
in the loop of Henle hypertension potassium). given in the
and increases urine Jaundice morning to avoid
formation. CONTRAINDICATI Tinnitus interfering with
ON : Photophobia the patient’s sleep
Anuria, severe Rash ● Obtain patient’s
renal failure, Pancreatitis weight before and
hepatic coma, Nausea during furosemide
hypersensitivity to Diarrhea therapy to
furosemide or its Abdominal pain monitor fluid loss.
components Dizziness ● Monitor blood
pressure and
hepatic and renal
function as well
as BUN, blood
glucose, and
serum creatinine,
electrolyte, and
uric acid levels,
as appropriate.
● Monitor patient
for hypokalemia
which may occur
with brisk
diuresis,
inadequate oral
electrolyte intake,
or when cirrhosis
 is present.

Tramadol Opioid analgesic Binds with mu To relieve severe Dizziness ● Monitor

-vane receptors and pain Fatigue respiratory status
inhibits the To manage Fever ● Watch for allergic
reuptake of moderate to Headache reactions after
norepinephrine and moderately severe Restlessness giving first dose
serotonin in CNS. chronic pain in Chest pain of tramadol
patients who Orthostatic ● Monitor patient’s
require hypotension intake of drug
around-the-clock Blurred vision closely and for
treatment Abdominal pain evidence of
Constipation physical
CONTRAINDICATI Diaphoresis dependence.
ON : ● Avoid giving
Acute or severe tramadol to
bronchial asthma in patients with
the absence of acute abdominal
resuscitative conditions
equipment, because it may
Hypersensitivity to mask evidence
tramadol or its and disrupt
components, assessment of
Significant the abdomen.
respiratory ● Expect to taper
depression tramadol rather
than stopping it
abruptly to avoid
acute withdrawal
symptoms
● Warn patient that
tramadol may
cause severe
constipation.
Advise patient to
maintain
 adequate
hydration,
increase fiber in
diet, and to inform
prescriber if
constipation
occurs

Vancomycin Glycopeptide, Inhibits cell wall Methicillin-resistant Dizziness ● Monitor blood

-vane Antibiotic synthesis causing staphylococcus Fatigue vancomycin
damage to bacterial aureus Fever concentrations
plasma membrane. Clostridium difficile Headache frequently.
Binds to bacterial associated diarrhea Insomnia ● Check CBC
cell Endocarditis Peripheral edema results and BUN
wall causing cell prophylaxis in Abdominal pain and serum
death penicillin allergic COnstipation creatinine levels
patient Flatulence during therapy
Pneumonia Nausea ● Instruct patient to
Bone & Joint Vomiting complete the full
infections Dyspnea course of
Infective Pruritus vancomycin as
endocarditis Rash prescribed.
Skin & Tissue
infections

CONTRAINDICATI
ON :
Hypersensitivity to
corn or corn
products when
given with dextrose
solutions,
hypersensitivity to
vancomycin or its
components
Enoxaparin Anticoagulant Binds with To prevent deep Bleeding, low blood ● Be aware that
-vane antithrombin III and vein thrombosis platelet count, drug isn’t
inactivates clotting (DVT) nausea, anemia, recommended for
factors (ex. To prevent ischemic epistaxis, irregular, patients with
thrombin), resulting complications of rapid heart rate, prosthetic heart
to fibrinogen not unstable angina shortness of breath, valves
being able to and non-Q-wave MI bruising ● Assess for signs
covert to fibrin to To treat acute of bleeding and
form clots. ST-segment–elevati hemorrhage,
on MI (STEMI) including bleeding
gums,
CONTRAINDICATI nosebleeds,
ON : unusual bruising,
Active major black/tarry stools,
bleeding; history of hematuria, and a
immune-mediated fall in hematocrit
heparin-induced or blood
thrombocytopenia pressure.
(HIT), ● Advise patient to
hypersensitivity to notify prescriber
benzyl alcohol, about adverse
enoxaparin, reactions,
heparin, pork especially
products or their bleeding.
components ● Inform patient
that he may
bruise and/or
bleed more easily
and that it may
take longer than
usual to stop
bleeding while
taking
enoxaparin.
Aminophylline Xanthines, Inhibits Acure severe Abdominal pain ● Advise patient to
-vane Bronchodilator Phosphodiesterase bronchospasm Diarrhea take on an empty
which helps to relax Chronic Headache stomach or 1-2
bronchial smooth bronchospasm Restlessness hours before
muscle Insomnia meals
CONTRAINDICATI Irritability ● Monitor serum
ON : theophylline
Hypersensitivity to levels following
theophylline, initiation of
ethylenediamine, or treatment and
any component of before increasing
the drug the dose
formulation. ● Monitor heart and
respiratory rate,
serum K levels

Gentamycin Antibiotic, Binds to negatively Short-term Vertigo ● Obtain culture

-vane Aminoglycoside charged sites on treatment of Dizziness and sensitivity
the outer cell infections caused Palpitation before
membrane of by Gram-negative Ototoxicity administration
bacteria, thereby bacteria Gait instability ● Advise patient to
disrupting the Loss of control of complete the full
membrane’s CONTRAINDICATI body movements course of therapy
integrity. ON : Edema as prescribed
Gentamicin also Pregnant women Rash ● Educate patient
binds to bacterial Hypersensitivy Itching to report of
ribosomal subunits GI upset dizziness, hearing
and inhibits protein loss, or ringing in
synthesis, leading the ears.
to cell death.

Diphenhydramine Antihistamine, Binds to central and To treat Confusion ● Educate patient

-vane Antiemetic, peripheral H1 hypersensitivity Dizziness to take with food
Antitussive, receptors and block reactions, To Drowsiness to minimize GI
Antivertigo, histamine which prevent or treat Palpitations upset
Sedative-hypnotic produces motion sickness, To Tachicardia ● Advise to take
 antihistamine treat sleep Blurred vision meds 30 mins
effects. SUppress disorders, To Epigastric distress before exposure
cough center in provide antitussive Nausea to situation that
medulla oblongata effects Photosensitivity may cause
in the brain which motion sickness
produce antitussive CONTRAINDICATI ● Advise to avoid
effects. Binds to ON : hazardous
CNS muscarinic Breastfeeding; activities when
receptors which hypersensitivity to taking medication
produces diphenhydramine,
antiemetic and similar
antivertigo effects. antihistamines, or
their components;
use in newborns or
premature infants

Phenytoin Anticonvulsant Limits the spread of To treat tonic–clonic Confusion ● Give medication
-vane seizure activity and or psychomotor Dizziness with or after
the start of new (temporal) seizures; Drowsiness meals to avoid GI
seizures by To prevent and Fever upset
regulating treat seizures Headache ● Monitor BP and
voltage-dependent occurring during or Lethargy ECG tracings
calcium and sodium following Slurred speech ● Frequently
channels in neurosurgery; To Hypotension assess I.V. site
neurons. treat status Epistaxis for signs of
epilepticus Tinnitus extravasation
Nystagmus because drug can
CONTRAINDICATI Hyperglycemia cause tissue
ON : Abdominal pain necrosis.
Concurrent use Constipation, ● Frequently
with delvirdine or Diarrhea monitor blood
nonnucleoside Nausea & vomiting glucose level of
reverse patient with
transcriptase diabetes mellitus
inhibitors, history of
acute
 hepatotoxicity,
hypersensitivity to
phenytoin and its
components

Clindamycin Anti-infective Inhibits protein -Severe infection - Nausea ● Monitor creatinine

synthesis in caused by sensitive - Vomiting level closely in
susceptible bacteria organisms - Diarrhea patients with
at all level of 50s -Acute pelvic - Colitis renal insufficiency
ribosome; thereby inflammatory - Neutropenia ● Monitor hepatic
inhibiting peptide disease - Leukopenia enzyme levels in
bond formation and -Acute vulgaris - Agranulocyt patient with
causing cell death CONTRAINDICATI osis hepatic disease
ON : - Thrombocyt ● Assess for signs
-Hypersensitivity to openia and symptoms of
drug or lincomycin - Anaphylaxis hypersensitivity
- reactions,
including
anaphylaxis
● Assess for
diarrhea and
signs and
symptoms of
colitis

Tranexamic Acid Antifibrinolytics Prevents enzymes Hemorrhage -Nausea ● Monitor vital signs
in the body from Menorrhagia -Vomiting as indicated by
breaking down CONTRAINDICATI -Diarrhea severity of
blood clots ON : -Dizziness bleeding
Hypersensitivity -Light headed ● Assess for
Active feeling thromboembolic
thromboembolic complications
disease ● Monitor platelet
count and clotting
factor
● Instruct patient to
 change position
slowly to avoid
orthostatic
hypotension

Ranitidine Antiulcer drug Reduces gastric -Active duodenal -Headache ● Assess vital signs
acid secretion and ulcer and gastric -Nausea ● Monitor CBC and
increases gastric ulcer -Vomiting liver function test
mucus and -To maintain -Diarrhea
bicarbonate healing of duodenal -Constipation
production, creating ulcer and gastric -Abdominal
a protective coating ulcer discomfort
in gastric mucosa -Benign gastric -Granulocytopenia
ulcer -Thrombocytopenia
-GERD -Hepatitis

CONTRAINDICATI
ON :
-Hypersensitivity to
drug
-Alcohol intolerance
-History of acute
porphyria

Iron Sucrose Iron supplement Replenishes Iron deficiency -Dizziness ● Monitor for
depleted stores of anemia in -Headache hypersensitivity
iron hemodialysis -Chest pain reaction
patients -Tachycardia ● Assess
CONTRAINDICATI -Nausea hemoglobin,
ON : -Vomiting hematocrit, serum
Hypersensitivity to -Hemosiderosis ferritin, and
drug, alcohol, transferrin
tartrazines, or saturation levels,
sulfites before, during,
Hemolytic anemias and after
and other anemia ● Monitor blood
 not caused by iron pressure WOF for
deficiency hypotension
Primary ● Watch for signs of
hemochromatosis iron overload

Butorphanol Opioid analgesics Alters perception of Moderate to severe -Drowsiness ● Monitor

and emotional pain -Sedation respiratory status
response to pain by Labor pains -Dizziness closely especially
binding with opioid Pre Op anesthesia -Tremor after IV
receptors in the Balanced - Hypertension administration
brain causing CNS anesthesia -Hypotension ● Watch for signs
depression. CONTRAINDICATI -Arrhythmias and symptoms of
ON : -GI obstruction withdrawal in long
Hypersensitivity to term use
drug

Nicardipine Antianginal ; Inhibits calcium -Chronic stable -Dizziness ● Assess vital signs
Antihypertensive transport into angina -Headache and
myocardial and -Hypertension -Hypotension cardiovascular
vascular smooth CONTRAINDICATI -Nausea status
muscle cells, ON : -Dyspepsia ● Monitor fluid
causing cardiac Hypersensitivity to -Dry mouth intake and output
output and drug ● Assess for signs
myocardial Advanced aortic and symptoms of
contractions to stenosis heart failure
decrease

●
CONTRAINDICATI
ON :

●
CONTRAINDICATI
ON :
 ●
CONTRAINDICATI
ON :