PUERTO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SHS RESEARCH DEPARTMENT

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STRANDS: FACTORS INFLUENCING

THE STUDENT’S PREFERENCE

A Quantitative Research Study

Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School
Puerto National High School
Cagayan de Oro City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

INQUIRIES, INVESTIGATION AND IMMERSION

Charl Van P. Adora

Charise N. Palacio
Jacel Mae J. Sausal
Eden Rose P. Silmaro
Vienjell P. Villasor

January 2023
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Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM

Introduction

Choosing a strand is a crucial turning point of a student’s life. This is quite

difficult for a student due to the many influencing factors or reasons that may

affect his/her own preferences. Students are pursuing their own dreams and

passions, which may alter in the future. One will be supported and guided toward

choosing the right career path by being aware of and pursuing their areas of

interest, since these aspects are crucial for selecting a future career that is

suitable for them.

Senior High School (SHS) is the last two years of K to 12 Basic Education

under the Enhanced Basic Education of 2013 or Republic Act no. 10533. During

these years, students have four specialization choices: academic track,

technical-vocational and livelihood (TVL), sports track, and arts and design. Once

the student chose academic track, they have to select from four academic

strands: Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM); Science, Technology,

Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM); Humanities and Social Sciences

(HUMSS); and General Academic Strand (Asian Development Bank, 2019).

Students must go through a hard process of choosing a career in which

they must take into consideration factors that will influence their ultimate deci-

sion, such as their socio-demographic profile, socioeconomic status, parents, job

opportunities, academic performance, personal interests, and many other factors

to drive them to be open-minded about what they may encounter in the not-too-
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distant future (Moneva & Malbas, 2019). Carpio (2018) asserts that it is clear that

parents want advice on the best or most useful courses. Peer influence on stu-

dents' aspirations for their lives and future occupations was also discovered by

Chico (2018). According to Lindsay et al. (2018), the main factor influencing ca-

reer choice in individual contexts was personal interest, and the youth showed

greater freedom in this area. Students' career choices are influenced by socioe-

conomic factors such as monthly family (Degol, 2013).

A study about the implication of choice of strand outside the student’s

preference showed that choosing the wrong strand makes it difficult for students

to concentrate, particularly on specialized subjects, resulting in poor performance

and low grades, dissatisfaction results from a lack of motivation and interest. For

the sake of family, time, effort, and money, some students preferred to complete

the track to graduate on time Bayungan (2019). Also, Malbas (2019) revealed

that peer pressure mostly influenced incoming Grade 11 to choose a specific

track/strand for them and commonly fail or get low grades.

Thus, the main objective of the study is to identify the factors affecting

senior high school students in choosing their strand. Additionally, the researchers

will also consider if there is a significant relationship between the factors and the

chosen strands.

Theoretical Framework

This study is anchored on the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) of

Albert Bandura (1986), Friedman’s Theory of School Choice (1995) and

Psychological Egoism Theory of Hobbes (1651).

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The SCCT incorporates a variety of concepts of interests, skills, values,

environmental factors, etc. that have been demonstrated to affect career growth.

It suggests a variety of characteristics including contextual ones such as

perceived support and hindrances from family, friends, and society that may

affect career decisions (Lent et.al 1994). It also suggests a variety of variables,

such as personal attributes (including age and gender), that may affect how

people decide on a career (Lent et al., 1994). Lent et al. (2013) found that

socioeconomic status interacted with background and context variables to

influence choices. Studies show that the family structural traits such as family

socioeconomic status and parental support affect adolescent career aspirations,

career exploration, and self-efficacy formation (Metheny & McWhirter, 2013).

Additionally, the Friedman’s Theory of School Choice states that the prin-

ciples of school choice are interconnected, and the proper implementation of one

influence the outcome of others. Friedman's model includes a voucher system.

Students would be given vouchers that could be redeemed at any accredited ed-

ucational institution. Friedman (1955) also included that geographic boundaries

do not limit students, and parents can choose to educate their child through pub-

lic, private, charter, virtual, or home school methods. A study of Japitan et. al

(2019) revealed that institutional factors such as location affect career selection.

Furthermore, the Psychological Egoism Theory states that all actions are

driven by self-interest. In other words, it implies that everyone's behavior, actions,

and decisions are driven by self-interest. Moreover, Irwin (2017) argued that
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psychological egoism is theoretically and tautologically correct and is

nonetheless important.

Conceptual Framework

The diagram suggests that the factors influencing Senior High School

students in choosing their strand are the age, sex, school choice, parent’s

influence, peer influence, personal interest, and socioeconomic status which are

proposed to be the independent variables. Meanwhile, the dependent variable is

the student’s preference. The causal relationship of the variables is presented to

show the connection of the variables shown in Figure 1.

Age

Sex

Peer Influence

Personal Interest Student’s

Preference

Socioeconomic Status

Parent’s Influence

School Choice

Figure1. Schematic Diagram of the Study

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Statement of the Problem

The study aims to determine the factors influencing Senior High School

students in their chosen strand. Specifically, the study will seek answers to the

following questions:

1.What is the profile of the respondents when grouped according to their chosen

strand in terms of?

1.1 Age;

1. 2 Sex;

1. 3 Monthly Income of the parents?

2. What is the level of influence of each factor in choosing their Senior High

School strand of the student-respondents in terms of?

2.1 School Choice;

2.2 Parent’s Influence;

2.3 Peer Influence;

2.4 Personal Interest;

2.5 Socioeconomic Status?

3. Is there a significant relationship between?

3.1 Profile of the respondents and their strand preference

3.2 Level of influence of each factors of the student’s preference and their

strand preference
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Research Assumptions/Hypothesis

The following null hypothesis ( H 0) will be tested at 5% level of significance:

H 1: There is no significant relationship between the profile of the respondents

and their strand preference.

H 2: There is no significant relationship between the level of influence of each

factors of the student’s preference and their strand preference.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The main focus of the study is to determine the extent of influence of the

factors affecting the students of one of the secondary public schools in Cagayan

de Oro City in choosing their strand. This study will focus only on the significant

relationship between independent variables which are the age, sex, school

choice, socioeconomic status, peer influence, parent’s influence and personal

interest to the dependent variable which is the student’s preference. The study

will consider one of the secondary public schools in Cagayan de Oro City as the

respondents of the study. The participants are the Grade 11 and 12 students in

the Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM) Strand, the General

Academic Strand (GAS), and the Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS)

Strand only.

Significance of the Study

This study will be conducted to provide benefits to the beneficiaries. This

can bring awareness, information, and knowledge to the beneficiaries about the

factors influencing Senior High School students in their chosen strand. The

different beneficiaries who would benefit from this study are the following:
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School Administration. The study will provide information to the teachers

and the school's principal about the factors that influenced student strand

selection. They may create programs to assess the decision-making of the

students in order to create a resolution and help the students in their choice.

Career Guidance Advocates. Career guidance advocates will obtain

information from the study to help them address things if students select the

wrong strand and to guide the students in their selection.

Parents. The study will assist parents in motivating their children to study

as well as understanding why their child chose its strand.

Students. The study will help the students determine the factors

influencing them in choosing their strand. It will help them understand themselves

better and make decision-making easier, which can have a significant impact on

their future plans.

Future Researchers. The study can be a good source or reference for

future researchers.

Definition of Terms

The following terms used in the study were defined conceptually and

operationally to allow better understanding:

Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM). A strand in Senior

High School that focuses on the basic concepts of financial management

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business management corporate operations and all things that are counted for

(Engadin, 2019). In this study, it is one of the strands offered in one of the

secondary public schools in Cagayan de Oro City.

Factor. A factor is an intermediary agent that finances receivables. A

factor is essentially a funding source that agrees to pay the company the value of

an invoice less a discount of commission and fees (Barone, 2019). In this study,

the term is used as reasons of the Grade 11 and 12 students on why they chose

their strand.

Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS). One of the strands offered

to Senior High School Students who aim to take up journalism, communication

arts, liberal arts, education and other social science- related to course in college

(Apolinar, 2019). In this study, it is one of the strands offered in one of the

secondary public schools in Cagayan de Oro City.

General Academic Strand (GAS). General Academic Strand is perfect

for those students who are still unsure and want to keep their option open

(Joenna, 2020). In this study, it is one of the strands offered in one of the

secondary public schools in Cagayan de Oro City.

Parental Influence. It is defined as any opinion, attitude, or action that

somehow shapes or molds the child’s reading attitudes (Nebor, 1986). In this

study, it is described as the parent’s moral support and parent’s perception of the

future career of Senior High School students.

Peer Influence. It occurs when an individual acts or thinks in ways that he

or she might not otherwise act or think, an effect that can be attributed to
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experiences with friends and affiliates” (Laursen, 2018). In this study, this term is

described as going by the trend and acknowledging the chosen strand of their

friends.

Personal Interest. It is a relatively stable evaluative orientation towards

certain domains; situational interest is an emotional state aroused by specific

features of an activity or a task with physiological, subjective, goal, and

behavioral components (Hidi, 2000). In this study, it is described as the student’s

abilities, skills and dream career in choosing a strand.

School Choice. School choice means parents have an additional

opportunity to choose the schools their child will attend for an elementary and

secondary education (Ct.Gov 2023). In this study, it is described as the voucher

programs and the distance of travel from the house to school and home in

choosing a strand.

Socioeconomic Status. Socioeconomic status is the position of an

individual or group on the socioeconomic scale, which is determined by a

combination of social and economic factors such as income, amount and kind of

education, type and prestige of occupation, place of residence, and—in some

societies or parts of society—ethnic origin or religious background (American

Psychological Association (2010). In this study, it is described as the parent’s

stable income and family’s financial status in choosing a strand.

Strand. Strand refers to a narrowly defined content area of inquiry and

practice that is used to facilitate the proposal submission and review process

(TESOL, 2019). In this study, it is a learning area of the study where you have
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specific specialization to prepare for your chosen degree in College or career

path.

Student’s Preference. This term refers to the extent to which students

are engaged in their studies impacts directly on the quality of their learning and

their overall educational experience (Solomonides & Martin 2008). In this study, it

is described as the student’s own choice of strand.

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Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents related research and conceptual literature. It

discusses the variables investigated in the study. It discusses the pieces of

literature that were instrumental in the development of the research concept

Considering the dearth of related studies, the study reviewed literature below.

Attitudes of Senior High School Students Towards Career Decision Making

A study conducted in Gingoog City Comprehensive National High School,

Gingoog City, Misamis Oriental by Digamon and Delapena (2021) explored the

attitude towards career decision-making of the 302 senior high school students.

The factors included were the sex, grade level, and socioeconomic status on

determining the influence on students’ career decisions . According to the

findings, parents are the most influential factor in students' career choices.

Similarly, males and females differ in their career choices, with males being more

decisive in their career decisions than females. It was then recommended that

school guidance counselors provide counseling for students to be more aware of

the possible courses they pursue and the factors that influence them as

delineated in this study. 

Factors Influencing Career Choices among Senior Secondary School Students

Eremie's study (2014) investigated factors influencing career choices

among Senior Secondary School Students in Rivers State, Nigeria. It was found
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out that there is a significant difference in career occupational preference when

grouped based on gender, parity, and parental influence. In addition,

socioeconomic background influenced participants' decisions to pursue post-

secondary studies. Cultural factors, especially English proficiency, are also

involved, while local community and institutional factors generally have a

negative impact on students' career choices. It was then recommended that

professional career counselors should include the students in the selection

process, considering interest, ability, skills, and personality of the students.

Furthermore, according to a study by Garkuwa (2018), religion may have

a significant impact on secondary school students' job decisions. Additionally, it

looked at how much parental influence would affect students' job choices and

how much gender parity would affect senior secondary school students in Hong

Local Government. Based on the findings, the study concluded that students'

career choices were heavily influenced by their parents' occupation, attitude, and

family career preferences. There were recommendations like the career choice

process should include experimentation, trails and error, decision marking and

eventual judgment.

Additionally, a study aimed to help students decide on their future senior

high school strand by Moneva and Malbas (2019) through knowing the factors’

influence levels and their relationship with their decision. It was found that male

students are concerned with their social background, such as their parent's

economic status and occupation, which are cited as factors in choosing a major
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in high school, while female students cite their peers as a factor in choosing a

major in high school.

In addition, results showed on the study of Kitsawad (2013), mostly of the

respondents are more influenced by the universities atmosphere. It appeared

that the universities providing the environment and atmosphere conductive to

learning, followed by the university’s reputation and high technology and school

facilities. It was deemed that future research should explore more areas as

identified by the study.

The study by Obiunu and Ebunu (2013) found that contextual factors,

environmental factors, and educational factors have a positive influence on

students' career choices. Personality factors and economic factors did not

influence career choices.

Factors Affecting Junior High School Students in Choosing Their Preferred

Tracks for Senior High School

A research paper from Cervera et.al (2016) aims to find out the significant

differences between career choices and gender among 10th graders. Parental

influence, interests, and environmental factors play a large role in students

choosing their desired course of study in high school. Among the indicators,

student interest is the most important factor, followed by the environmental

factors and the influence of the parents. Since choosing a career is crucial to
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one's future way of life, researchers highly suggest that other factors be taken

into consideration for the improvement of future research.

In accordance with Mitemeri (2017), their study sought to investigate

factors that influence the choice of career pathways among high school students

in Midlands Province of Zimbabwe. The results showed the influence of mothers

and fathers was rated higher than that of other family members. The study also

found that schools had an impact on high school students' career choices.

Career guidance, particularly school career days, was mentioned as having a

positive impact on students' career choices. The geographical location of schools

was cited as being quite influential in students' career choices. The study also

found that peer advice and encouragement had an impact on students' career

choices. The study recommended a career guidance model to assist in helping

students choose suitable

In accordance with Mitemeri (2017), their study sought to investigate

factors that influence the choice of career pathways among high school students

in Midlands Province of Zimbabwe. The results showed the influence of mothers

and fathers was rated higher than that of other family members. The study also

found that schools had an impact on high school students' career choices.

Career guidance, particularly school career days, was mentioned as having a

positive impact on students' career choices. The geographical location of schools

was cited as being quite influential in students' career choices. The study also
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found that peer advice and encouragement had an impact on students' career

choices.

The study recommended a career guidance mode Consequently, Medha

and Bodhe- Kaneez (2016) emphasized that a mix of subjects provides her with

the skills and training she will need in the future to reach her career goals. They

also stated that there are many schools that do not provide career guidance. The

main results of the factor analysis show that the factors influencing students'

career choices can be classified into three categories. The first group includes

environmental factors, followed by personality factors, and finally opportunity

factors. Therefore, some recommendations were made from the results to help

students make well-informed decisions.

Furthermore, a dissertation by Abarro (2016) that aimed to craft a Senior

High School program offerings of University of Rizal System, concluded that

gender, average monthly family income, study preferences, occupation of the

head of household, and GPA from previous years are factors associated with the

choice of students' occupation, while the highest educational level of the

household head and the factors affecting the household's career choice are not

associated with the career track choices.

Additionally, a study by Dublin and. Logrosas (2020) that were to

investigate junior high school student's career preferences for senior high school

studies, as well as the determinants that may influence their career selection

found that among the determinants of career choice, the variable of interest had
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the greatest impact about student course preferences. From this, it can be

inferred that various occupational choice factors have a statistically significant

effect on the occupational choices of high school students. Because high school

readiness in students is essential for post-secondary education and employment,

this study provides important information for students, parents, and school

officials on how to manage and develop career plans.

The primary purpose of Rio (2022) on their study was to determine junior

high school students' career interests in order to better prepare them for senior

high school studies. The findings show that the various factors that influence

student decision-making are adaptable regardless of age, gender, and family

wealth. Dream-chasing students value their skills and knowledge.

Moreover, a study of Su et al. (2016) shows that students' career decision-

making is most profoundly influenced by individual factors, followed by group

factors and career exploration factors, and the level of education has the weakest

influence on them.

There have been numerous studies on the factors that influence student’s

strand selection. However, the studies recommend that researchers continue to

investigate the factors that influence students' choice of strand. As a result, the

researchers will take into account the research gaps as well as other factors.
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Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methodological approaches that will be used

for this study. It includes the justification for the use of the research design, the

sample size, the sampling techniques used, the setting of the research,

procedures and collection of the data and finally, the data analysis method

employed as well as the ethical issues considered during and after the research.

Research Design

A quantitative descriptive-correlation research design will be utilized in this

study. The researchers will describe the extent of influence of the factors in

Senior High School student’s strand selection and determine the relationship

between the factor’s level of influence on the student’s preference and their

chosen strand.

A descriptive correlational method refers to a type of study in which

information is collected without making any changes to the study subject (Writer,

2020).

Research Locale

The study will be conducted in one of the secondary public schools in

Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental, Philippines upon the approval of the

school principal.
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This secondary public school in the Division of Cagayan de Oro City offers

three academic strands in Senior High School namely the Accountancy,

Business and Management, Humanities and Social Sciences and General

Academic Strand. The school also offers Grades 7-10, ALS, BPOSA and Open

High.

Respondents of the Study

The Senior High School students of one of the secondary public schools in

Cagayan de Oro City are the respondents in this study. The total population of

the Senior High School is 186 students.

Table 1 shows the distribution of these learners from school considering

the data given by the classroom officers and their class advisers. The number of

learners for the school was identified on the list of attendance in the classrooms

and the respondents will be taken through stratified random sampling. The total

number of sections was divided by the total population of all the sections

multiplied by the sample size.

Table 1
Frequency distribution of the Grade 11 students in Puerto National High
School
Sections Population Sample Size
11- ABM 17 14
11- GAS 29 24
11- HUMSS 49 40
12- ABM 16 13
12- GAS 32 26
12- HUMSS 41 33
TOTAL 184 150
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Research Instruments

The research instrument to be used is a survey questionnaire which asked

about the factors influencing the Senior High School students in their chosen

strand. The test questionnaire is composed of two parts.

The first part is the student’s demographic profile on age, sex, income of

the parents and their chosen strand. The second part is the self-assessment of

the respondents according to the factors that influenced them in choosing their

strand in Senior High School. Below is the bracket in terms of the monthly

income of the parents of each respondent.

Monthly Income of the Parents Indicators

1.00-12,500 Low Lower Class

12,501-25,000 Low Upper Class

25,001-37,500 Middle Lower Class

37,501-50,000 Middle Upper Class

The researchers adopted the questionnaire about the parent’s factor, peer

factor, and personal interest factor of Moneva et al. (2020). Their study

investigated whether financial status and self-choice, parental influence and self-

choice, and peer influence and self-choice are associated with each other in
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selecting a strand. The questionnaire is also adopted from Malaguial et al. (2022)

about the factors affecting socioeconomic status. Their study aimed to help

students decide on their future senior high school path by knowing the factors’

influence levels and their relationship with their decision. Lastly, the

questionnaire is adopted from Quano et al. (2019). Their study was about

determining the factors that affect the career choices of students.

For the variables to be predetermined, the researchers jumbled the

statements. The table shows where the variables are indicated.

FACTORS STATEMENT NUMBER

Parents Influence 1, 4, 9, 13, 16

Peer Influence 5, 17, 21, 24, 8

Personal Interest 3, 6, 12, 19, 25

Socioeconomic Status 10, 15, 18, 20, 22

School Choice 2, 7, 11, 14, 23

Each statement is answerable using a Likert-scale that follows the scoring

procedure defined below:

Scoring Procedure

The scores ranged from 1 to 4. The 4 will be highest score and 1 will be

the lowest score. The individual score is listed and described as follows:

4 – The respondent strongly agrees with the factors.

3 - The respondent agrees with the factors.

2 - The respondent disagrees with the factors.

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1 - The respondent strongly disagrees with the factors.

Table 2
Range of numbers that corresponds to each response
SCALE RANGE DESCRIPTION INTERPRETATION
4 from 3.50 to 4.00 Strongly Agree (SA) Extremely Influential
3 from 2.50 to 3.49 Agree (A) Very Influential
2 from 1.50 to 2.49 Disagree (D) Slightly Influential
1 from 1.00 to 1.49 Strongly Disagree (SD) Not at all Influential
The table 2 presents the range of the Likert-scale. It shows that the higher

range results to more positive response, while the lower range results to negative

response.

Data-Gathering Procedure

The data gathering in this study will be carried out following the

procedures as outlined below.

First, permission from the office of the principal of one of the public

secondary schools in Cagayan de Oro City as well as the teachers will be sought

to ensure that the research instruments are ready for survey administration and

conduct the survey to the respondents. During the actual survey administration,

consent from the respondents to participate in the survey will be secured. Part of

the consent process is the assurance to be given by the researchers that their

responses would be treated confidentially.

The researchers will provide the respondents with clear instructions on

how to answer the test questionnaire. The respondents will answer the test

questionnaire at their convenient time and place within the school campus. After
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each completion, the instrument will be checked for response completeness.

Missing responses would be verified with the respondents.

Lastly, after data completeness is attained, the survey data will then be

encoded in preparation for data analysis to come up with conclusions and

recommendations.

Statistical Treatment of Data

For the purpose of analysis and interpretation of the data, the responses

to the items on the questionnaires will be tallied and addressed using descriptive

statistics using the following statistical tools:

Problem 1. Frequency and percentage will be used to describe the demographic

profile of the students such as age, sex and income of the parents.

Problem 2. Weighted mean and standard deviation will be utilized to describe

the level of influence of the factors.

Problem 3. Pearson Chi-square will be used to determine if there is a significant

relationship between the profile of the respondents and their preferred strand and

the relationship between the factor’s level of influence of the student’s preference

and their preferred strand. The hypothesis in the study will be tested at 5% level

of significance.
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References

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Students in Antipolo and Rizal Division, Philippines.” Retrieved on October
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American Psychological Association. (2010). “Socioeconomic Status.” Retrieved

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Asian Development Bank and DepEd. (2019). “Factors Affecting Senior High
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Bandura, (1986) “Social Cognitive Career Theory” Retrieved on November 10,

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Cervera (2016) “Factors Affecting Grade 10 Students in Choosing Their

Preferred Tracks for Senior High School” Retrieved on October 24, 2022
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Chico (2018) “Factors Influencing on Grade 12 students’ Chosen Courses in

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DepEd Order No. 51s 2015 Retrieved on October 29, 2022 from
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Hidi (2000) “Situational Interest” Retrieved on November 12, 2022 from

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PUERTO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SHS RESEARCH DEPARTMENT

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Instruction: Please answer the following based on your own experience and un-
derstanding. Please check the box that corresponds to your answer. Your an-
swers will be kept confidential.
Part 1. Profile of the respondents
Name(optional): ______________________________________________
 Sex: Female______ Male______
 Age: _______
 What is your family monthly income?
A. 1.00-12,500 B. 12,501-25,000 C. 25,001-37,500 D. 37,501-50,000

 Is your strand based on your own preference or own choice?

Yes_____ No______
 What is your chosen strand?
(Please check the box on the first column of your chosen strand in Senior
High School)

Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM)

General Academic Strand (GAS)
Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS)

Part 2. Factors Influencing the Student’s Chosen Strand

Kindly indicate your views on the extent of agreement in each statement about
the factors that influenced your decision in your choosing your strand in senior
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PUERTO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SHS RESEARCH DEPARTMENT

high school. Please check the box that corresponds to your answer. Use the fol-
lowing scale in indicating your responses to each item below:

SCALE INTERPRETATION
4 Strongly Agree (SA)
3 Agree (A)
2 Disagree (D)
1 Strongly Disagree (SD)

STATEMENTS 1 2 3 4
1. I seek my parent’s advice in choosing a strand.
2. I consider the voucher programs.
3. I chose this strand based on the satisfaction that I will
get soon for my future job.
4. I chose this strand based on my parent’s perception of
my future career.
5. My peer group recommended me to take this strand.
6. I chose this strand because I am good at it.
7. I believe the stories of my acquaintances about the
school.
8. My friends will acknowledge me if I choose the strand
same with them.
9. My parents recommend me to take this strand.
10. Due to my socioeconomic status, I consider choosing a
more practical stand.
11. I consider the distance of my travel from the house to
school and home.
12. I chose this strand based on my dream career.
13. I chose this strand based on my parent’s moral support.
14. I rely on the scholarship grants
15. I consider my family’s financial status when deciding on
a future senior high strand.
16. I chose this strand based on my parent’s occupation.
17. I and my peer groups share thoughts and opinions in
choosing strand.
18. My parents have a stable income to support my studies.
19. I based my chosen strand on the basis of my skills and
abilities.
20. My socioeconomic status matters when I decide on my
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PUERTO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SHS RESEARCH DEPARTMENT

future career path.

21. I go by the trend in class/campus in choosing the strand.
22. I have the freedom to choose my strand.
23. I learn the affordable tuition of the school about the insti-
tution.
24. I consult my friends before choosing a strand.
25. I chose this strand based on my interest.

Adopted and revised from the existing studies of Malbas et. al (2020) entitled Financial Status, Parents Influence, Peer
Influence and Self-Choice of Students in Selection of Strand in The Senior High School, Cebu, Philippines, Malaguial
(2022) entitled Senior High School Strands: Factors Affecting the Students’ Preference, and Quano et, al (2019) entitled
FACTORS INFLUENCING ON GRADE 12STUDENTS’ CHOSEN COURSES IN JAGOBIAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL –
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT